UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS

(UNIVERSIDAD DEL PERU, DECANA DE AMERICA)

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA GEOLÓGICA, MINERA, METALÚRGICA, GEOGRÁFICA Y CIVIL.

E.P. INGENIERÍA DE MINAS

1.1 – TAREA DE MALLA DE PERFORACIÓN

- CURSO: ANÁLISIS COMPUTACIONAL

DE SISTEMAS MINEROS

- PROFESOR: ROJAS LINARES, EDITO LUIS

- ALUMNO: OSCCO CARDENAS, JHOR KEVEN

- CICLO: 10°CICLO

CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA, OCTUBRE DE 2018.

1
 TAREA DE MALLA DE PERFORACIÓN

clear,clc
fprintf(' \n')
disp(' MALLAS DE PERFORACION')
fprintf(' \n')
disp(' Condiciones de entrada')
fprintf(' \n')

hole_diameter=45;
empty_hole=102;
tunnel_width=4.5;
abutment_height=4;
Height_of_arch=0.5;
Lookout_for_contours_holes=3;
Angular_deviation=0.01;
Collar_deviation=0.02;
Heat_of_explosion=4.5;
Gas_volume_at_STP=0.85;
Density=1200;
Rock_constant=0.4;

fprintf(' *Hole_diameter(mm) = %5.4f \n',hole_diameter)

fprintf(' *Empty_hole(mm) = %5.4f \n',empty_hole)
fprintf(' *Tunnel_width(m) = %5.4f \n',tunnel_width)
fprintf(' *Abutment_height(m) = %5.4f \n',abutment_height
)
fprintf(' *Height_of_arch(m) = %5.4f \n',Height_of_arch
)
fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' *Smooth blasting in the roof\n')
fprintf(' *Lookout_for_contours_holes(°) = %5.4f
\n',Lookout_for_contours_holes )
fprintf(' *Angular_deviation(alpha2 m/m) = %5.4f
\n',Angular_deviation )
fprintf(' *Collar_deviation(alpha1 m) = %5.4f
\n',Collar_deviation )
fprintf(' *Heat_of_explosion(MJ/kg) = %5.4f
\n',Heat_of_explosion )
fprintf(' *Gas_volume_at_STP(m3/kg) = %5.4f
\n',Gas_volume_at_STP )
fprintf(' *Density(kg/m3) = %5.4f \n',Density )
fprintf(' *Rock_constant c = %5.4f \n',Rock_constant
)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Calculando')
fprintf(' \n')
Qe_LFB_dynamite=5;
Ve_LFB_dynamite=0.85;

2
S_LFB=((5*tunnel_width)/(6*Qe_LFB_dynamite))+((1*Gas_volume_at_STP)/(6*Ve
_LFB_dynamite));
S_LFB_ANFO=0.84;
S_ANFO=S_LFB/S_LFB_ANFO;

fprintf(' S_LFB = %5.4f \n',S_LFB )

fprintf(' S_ANFO = %5.4f \n',S_ANFO )
fprintf(' \n')
d1=25;
cartridge1=600;
d2=32;
cartridge2=600;
d3=38;
cartridge3=600;
fprintf(' smallest cartridge %d x %d mm \n',d1,cartridge1)
fprintf(' medium cartridge %d x %d mm \n',d1,cartridge1)
fprintf(' largest cartridge %d x %d mm \n',d1,cartridge1)
fprintf(' \n')
diamentro_mm=[25;32;38];
charge_concentration=[0.59;0.97;1.36];
F=table(diamentro_mm,charge_concentration);
disp(F)
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Cut First Cuadrangle')

fprintf(' \n')

Maximum_Burden=round(1.7*empty_hole/1000,2);

H=round(0.15+34.1*(empty_hole/1000)-39.4*((empty_hole/1000)^2),2);
Practical_Burden=round(Maximum_Burden-
(Angular_deviation*H+Collar_deviation),2);

Charge_Concentration=55*(hole_diameter/1000)*((Maximum_Burden/(empty_hole
/1000))^1.5)*(Maximum_Burden-
((empty_hole/1000)/2))*(Rock_constant/0.4)/S_ANFO;
Unloaded_hole_length=round(10*(hole_diameter/1000),2);
Hole_distance_in_quadrangle=round(sqrt(2)*Practical_Burden,2);
No_of_25_x_600_cartridges=(H-Unloaded_hole_length)/(cartridge1/1000);

fprintf(' -Maximum_Burden (B) = %3.2f m

\n',Maximum_Burden)
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden (B1) = %3.2f m
\n',Practical_Burden)
fprintf(' -Charge_Concentration (l) = %3.2f kg/m
\n',Charge_Concentration)
fprintf(' -Unloaded_hole_length = %3.2f m
\n',Unloaded_hole_length)
fprintf(' -Hole_distance_in_cuadrangle (A´) = %3.2f m
\n',Hole_distance_in_quadrangle)
fprintf(' -No_of_25_x_600_cartridges = %3.2f
\n',No_of_25_x_600_cartridges)

fprintf(' \n')

3
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Cut Second Cuadrangle')

fprintf(' \n')

Rectangular_Opening = round(sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden-
((H*Angular_deviation+Collar_deviation))),2);

B=round(8.8*(10^(-
2))*sqrt(Rectangular_Opening*charge_concentration*S_ANFO/((hole_diameter/
1000)*Rock_constant)),2);
Practical_Burden_B2=round(B(2)-(Angular_deviation*H+Collar_deviation),2);

Unloaded_hole_length_hs=10*hole_diameter/1000;
Hole_distance_in_quadrangle2=sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden_B2+Hole_distance_i
n_quadrangle/2);
No_of_32_x_600_cartridges=(H-Unloaded_hole_length_hs)/(cartridge2/1000);

fprintf(' -Rectangular_Opening A = %3.2f m

\n',Rectangular_Opening)
fprintf(' -Maximum burden for d25 cartridges B = %3.2f m \n',B(1))
fprintf(' -Maximum burden for d32 cartridges B = %3.2f m \n',B(2))
fprintf(' -Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = %3.2f m \n',B(3))
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden (B2) = %3.2f m
\n',Practical_Burden_B2)
fprintf(' -Unloaded_hole_length = %3.2f m
\n',Unloaded_hole_length_hs)
fprintf(' -Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = %3.2f m
\n',Hole_distance_in_quadrangle2)
fprintf(' -No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = %3.2f
\n',No_of_32_x_600_cartridges)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Cut Third Cuadrangle')

fprintf(' \n')

F=round((H*Angular_deviation+Collar_deviation),2);
A=round(sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden_B2 + B(1)/2 - F),2);

Maximum_Burden3=round(8.8*(10^(-
2))*sqrt(A*charge_concentration(3)*S_ANFO/((hole_diameter/1000)*Rock_cons
tant)),2);
Practical_Burden3=round(Maximum_Burden3-
(Angular_deviation*H+Collar_deviation),2);
Unloaded_hole_length_h=10*hole_diameter/1000;
Hole_distance_in_quadrangle3=sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden3+Hole_distance_in_
quadrangle2/2);
No_of_38_x_600_cartridges=(H-Unloaded_hole_length_h)/(cartridge3/1000);

fprintf(' -Rectangular_Opening A = %3.2f m \n',A)

4
fprintf(' -Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = %3.2f m
\n',Maximum_Burden3)
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden (B3) = %3.2f m
\n',Practical_Burden3)
fprintf(' -Unloaded_hole_length = %3.2f m
\n',Unloaded_hole_length_h)
fprintf(' -Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = %3.2f m
\n',Hole_distance_in_quadrangle3)
fprintf(' -No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = %3.2f
\n',No_of_38_x_600_cartridges)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Cut Fourth Cuadrangle')

fprintf(' \n')

F=round((H*Angular_deviation+Collar_deviation),2);
A2=round(sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden3 + Hole_distance_in_quadrangle2/2 -
F),2);
Maximum_Burden4=round(8.8*(10^(-
2))*sqrt(A2*charge_concentration(3)*S_ANFO/((hole_diameter/1000)*Rock_con
stant)),2);
Practical_Burden4=round(Maximum_Burden4-
(Angular_deviation*H+Collar_deviation),2);
Unloaded_hole_length_h2s=10*hole_diameter/1000;
Hole_distance_in_quadrangle4=sqrt(2)*(Practical_Burden4+Hole_distance_in_
quadrangle3/2);
No_of_38_x_600_cartridges=(H-Unloaded_hole_length_h)/(cartridge3/1000);

fprintf(' -Rectangular_Opening A = %3.2f m \n',A2)

fprintf(' -Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = %3.2f m
\n',Maximum_Burden4)
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden (B3) = %3.2f m
\n',Practical_Burden4)
fprintf(' -Unloaded_hole_length = %3.2f m
\n',Unloaded_hole_length_h2s)
fprintf(' -Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = %3.2f m
\n',Hole_distance_in_quadrangle4)
fprintf(' -No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = %3.2f
\n',No_of_38_x_600_cartridges)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Lifters')

fprintf(' \n')

l=charge_concentration(3);
Max_Burden=round(0.9*sqrt((l*S_ANFO/((Rock_constant+(0.07/1.4))*1.45))),2
);
No_of_Lifters=floor((tunnel_width+2*H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/1
80))/Max_Burden+2);

5
Spacing=round((tunnel_width+2*H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/180))/(
No_of_Lifters-1),2);
Spacing_corner_holes=round((Spacing-
H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/180)),2);
Practical_Burden_Pl=round(Max_Burden-
H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/180)-F,2);
Length_of_bottom_charge_hb = (1.25*Practical_Burden_Pl);
Length_of_column_charge_hc= H-Length_of_bottom_charge_hb-
10*(hole_diameter/1000);

fprintf(' -Max_Burden (B) = %3.2f m \n',Max_Burden)

fprintf(' -No_of_Lifters (N) = %3.2f \n',No_of_Lifters)
fprintf(' -Spacing (SL) = %3.2f m \n',Spacing )
fprintf(' -Spacing_corner_holes (S´L) = %3.2f m
\n',Spacing_corner_holes)
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden_Pl = %3.2f m
\n',Practical_Burden_Pl)
fprintf(' -Length_of_bottom_charge_hb = %3.2f m
\n',Length_of_bottom_charge_hb)
fprintf(' -Length_of_column_charge_hc = %3.2f m
\n',Length_of_column_charge_hc)
fprintf(' -Charge Concentration(0.7) = %3.2f kg/m \n',l*0.7)
fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Contour Holes, Roof')

fprintf(' \n')

Spacing_S=15.1*hole_diameter/1000;
Burden_B=Spacing_S/0.8;
Bpr=Burden_B-H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/180)-F;
l_min=90*((hole_diameter/1000)^2);
No_of_holes=floor(4.7/Spacing_S+2);

fprintf(' -Spacing S = %3.2f m \n',Spacing_S)

fprintf(' -Burden_B = %3.2f m \n',Burden_B)
fprintf(' -Burden Practico = %3.2f m \n',Bpr)
fprintf(' -Minimum charge concentration = %3.2f kg/m \n',l_min)
fprintf(' -No_of_holes = %d \n',No_of_holes)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Contour Holes, Wall')

fprintf(' \n')

contour=round(4-1.14-Bpr,2);
Maximun_Burden=round(0.9*sqrt((l*S_ANFO/((Rock_constant+(0.07/1.4))*1.2*1
.25))),2);
Practical_Burden=Maximun_Burden-H*sin(Lookout_for_contours_holes*pi/180)-
F;
N_holes=floor((contour/(Maximun_Burden*1.25))+2);
Spacing_contour=contour/2;

6
hb=1.25*Practical_Burden;
hc=H-hb-10*(hole_diameter/1000);

fprintf(' -Left in the contourn = %3.2f m \n',contour )

fprintf(' -Maximun_Burden = %3.2f m \n',Maximun_Burden)
fprintf(' -Practical_Burden = %3.2f m \n',Practical_Burden)
fprintf(' -N_holes = %d \n',N_holes)
fprintf(' -Spacing = %3.2f m \n',Spacing_contour)
fprintf(' -Length of bottom charge hb = %3.2f m \n',hb)
fprintf(' -Length of column charge hc = %3.2f m \n',hc)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp(' Stoping')

fprintf(' \n')

length_contour = tunnel_width-1.42-2*Spacing_contour;
Max_Burden_B =
round(0.9*sqrt((l*S_ANFO/((Rock_constant+(0.07/1.4))*1.45*1.25))),2);
Practical_burden_Bph = Max_Burden_B-F;

fprintf(' -Length_contour = %3.2f m \n',length_contour)

fprintf(' -Max_Burden_B = %3.2f m \n',Max_Burden_B)
fprintf(' -Practical_burden_Bph = %3.2f m \n',Practical_burden_Bph)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp('Initiation sequence')

fprintf(' \n')

disp(' the best sequence is')

disp('1. Cut (in the order: first quadrangle, second quadrangle, third
quadrangle,fourth quadrangle')
disp('2. Stoping (stoping from the side and stoping downwards)')
disp('3. Lifters')
disp('4. Contourns Holes, Roof')
disp('5. Contour Holes, Wall')

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')
disp(' table Summary of explosive consumption')

fprintf(' \n')

O=[4.0 4.0 8.0 5.0 8.0 6.0 5.0]';

P=[4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0]';
Q=[0.0 4.5 0.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 2.0]';
R=[0.0 0.0 4.5 2.5 0.0 2.5 2.5]';
S=[1.59 2.62 3.76 3.20 1.77 3.20 3.20]';
T=[6.37 10.48 29.36 16.00 14.16 19.20 16.00]';

7
Number_holes=O;
number_cartridges_D25mm=P;
number_cartridges_D32mm=Q;
number_cartridges_D38mm=R;
Charge_per_hole=S;
Total=T;

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

table(Number_holes,number_cartridges_D25mm,number_cartridges_D32mm,number
_cartridges_D38mm,Charge_per_hole,Total)

fprintf(' \n')
fprintf(' \n')

disp('-Advance =3.0 m')

disp('-Specific charge =1.9 Kg/m3')
disp('-Total charge weight =111.6 Kg')
disp('-Hole depth =3.2 m')
disp('-Specific drilling =2.2 m/m3')
disp('-Cross-sectional area =19.5 m2')
disp('-Total no.of holes =40')

8
 RESULTADO DE TAREA DE MALLA DE PERFORACIÓN

MALLAS DE PERFORACION

Condiciones de entrada

*Hole_diameter(mm) = 45.0000
*Empty_hole(mm) = 102.0000
*Tunnel_width(m) = 4.5000
*Abutment_height(m) = 4.0000
*Height_of_arch(m) = 0.5000

*Smooth blasting in the roof

*Lookout_for_contours_holes(°) = 3.0000
*Angular_deviation(alpha2 m/m) = 0.0100
*Collar_deviation(alpha1 m) = 0.0200
*Heat_of_explosion(MJ/kg) = 4.5000
*Gas_volume_at_STP(m3/kg) = 0.8500
*Density(kg/m3) = 1200.0000
*Rock_constant c = 0.4000

Calculando

S_LFB = 0.9167
S_ANFO = 1.0913

smallest cartridge 25 x 600 mm

medium cartridge 25 x 600 mm
largest cartridge 25 x 600 mm

diamentro_mm charge_concentration
____________ ____________________

25 0.59
32 0.97
38 1.36

Cut First Cuadrangle

-Maximum_Burden (B) = 0.17 m

-Practical_Burden (B1) = 0.12 m
-Charge_Concentration (l) = 0.58 kg/m
-Unloaded_hole_length = 0.45 m
-Hole_distance_in_cuadrangle (A´) = 0.17 m
-No_of_25_x_600_cartridges = 4.62

Cut Second Cuadrangle

-Rectangular_Opening A = 0.10 m
-Maximum burden for d25 cartridges B = 0.17 m
-Maximum burden for d32 cartridges B = 0.21 m

9
-Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = 0.25 m
-Practical_Burden (B2) = 0.16 m
-Unloaded_hole_length = 0.45 m
-Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = 0.35 m
-No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = 4.62

Cut Third Cuadrangle

-Rectangular_Opening A = 0.28 m
-Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = 0.42 m
-Practical_Burden (B3) = 0.37 m
-Unloaded_hole_length = 0.45 m
-Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = 0.77 m
-No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = 4.62

Cut Fourth Cuadrangle

-Rectangular_Opening A = 0.70 m
-Maximum burden for d38 cartridges B = 0.67 m
-Practical_Burden (B3) = 0.62 m
-Unloaded_hole_length = 0.45 m
-Hole_distance_in_quadrangle (A´) = 1.42 m
-No_of_32_x_600_cartridges = 4.62

Lifters

-Max_Burden (B) = 1.36 m

-No_of_Lifters (N) = 5.00
-Spacing (SL) = 1.21 m
-Spacing_corner_holes (S´L) = 1.04 m
-Practical_Burden_Pl = 1.14 m
-Length_of_bottom_charge_hb = 1.42 m
-Length_of_column_charge_hc = 1.35 m
-Charge Concentration(0.7) = 0.95 kg/m

Contour Holes, Roof

-Spacing S = 0.68 m
-Burden_B = 0.85 m
-Burden Practico = 0.63 m
-Minimum charge concentration = 0.18 kg/m
-No_of_holes = 8

Contour Holes, Wall

-Left in the contourn = 2.23 m

-Maximun_Burden = 1.33 m
-Practical_Burden = 1.11 m
-N_holes = 3
-Spacing = 1.11 m
-Length of bottom charge hb = 1.39 m
-Length of column charge hc = 1.38 m

10
 Stoping

-Length_contour = 0.85 m
-Max_Burden_B = 1.21 m
-Practical_burden_Bph = 1.16 m

Initiation sequence

the best sequence is

1. Cut (in the order: first quadrangle, second quadrangle, third
quadrangle,fourth quadrangle
2. Stoping (stoping from the side and stoping downwards)
3. Lifters
4. Contourns Holes, Roof
5. Contour Holes, Wall

table Summary of explosive consumption

ans =

7×6 table
Number_holes number_cartridges_D25mm number_cartridges_D32mm number_cartridges_D38mm Charge_per_hole Total
____________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________ _____

4 4.5 0 0 1.59 6.37

4 0 4.5 0 2.62 10.48
8 0 0 4.5 3.76 29.36
5 0 2 2.5 3.2 16
8 5 0 0 1.77 14.16
6 0 2 2.5 3.2 19.2
5 0 2 2.5 3.2 16

-Advance =3.0 m
-Specific charge =1.9 Kg/m3
-Total charge weight =111.6 Kg
-Hole depth =3.2 m
-Specific drilling =2.2 m/m3
-Cross-sectional area =19.5 m2
-Total no.of holes =40

11