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 I

EX.{,MPLES
GRAPIilCAL METHOI}
1) Maximize

to
Subject 30xr+2AxrS300
5 x,+l 0 rr 5 1 1 0
XtrXr20

t6

t4

T2

10

q8

Theverticesare (11,0),(0,0);(0,10)and (4,9)

Z max=2(11,0)=56

Z(0'0)=0

Z(0'10)=80

7(4'91=96

Z max=95occurswhenXt=4andXt=9
2)Maximize Z= 5xr+ 4xz

Subjectto
6x1* 4x2=24(l)
X1+2x2<6 (2)

-xr+x2 <1 (3 )

x2<2 (4)

X r,xz>0

Equation(1)
Whenxl = 0, xz= 6

Xz =0 rxl =4
(4,6)

Equation2
WhenXr= 0, xz=3
x2= 0, Xl:6

(6,3)

Equation3
WhenXr= 0, xz: I

X2:0rXl:-l

( - 1 ,l )

Equation4
WhenXr:0, x2:2
(0,2)
 4 -3 -1 lo t z 3 4\s 6

-3
4

-5

Z (O)=0
Z (t1= 29
Z(B) =Zt
Z (C;= 13
Z(D;: 13
Z(E) =4
8. Znax:Z(B)
=21
r

3) Max Z=30x+ 4OY

Subjectto 50x+ 36ys 100000

25x+36ys91000

X ,ylo

'--
50x+ 35y = 100000

o X=0 36y= lggggg

Y=2778

r Y=0 50x=100000
X=2000

b, zzzg)&(2oo0,
So,coordinat" o)

r'
-25x+36Y=91ggg

o X=0 36y=91ggg
Y=2528

r Y=0 25x=91000
X=3640

5o,coordinate(0, 2528)& (3640,0)

 It
A{0,0} = 30x+ 40Y
=30{0)+30(0)= Q

8(2000,0)=30x+40Y
= 30(2000)+ a0{0}= 60000

30x+40Y
Cl36O'2278)=
= 101911
=30(360)+ a0|-2778l-

= 30x+40Y
D(0,2528)
= 30(01+tt0{2528)= 101111

So,MaxZ = 101911at pointC

Solvethe LPPgraphically,

Maximize: Z=50x+ 18y

Subiectto, 2x+! s 100
x+y <8 0
x2 0 , y>0

Solution,

Step1:

SincexLO,y>0, consideringonly the first quadrant of the:ry - plane

Step2:

Draw straight lines for the equation

2x+y = 100....(1)
x + Y= 8 0 . . . .[2 )

To determine two points on the straight line 2x + Y = 100

Puty=0,2x= 100

=*x = 50
:+(50, 0) is a point on the line (2J

Putx = 0 in [2),y =100

=+[0,100) is the other point on the line [2J

Plotting thesetwo points on the graph paper draw the line which representthe line 2x + y
=100.
Step3:

Thisline dividesthe 1't quadrantinto two regions,sayRr andRz.Choosea point say[1, 0J

in Rr.(1,0) satisfythein equation2x+y 3100.ThereforeRris the requiredregionforthe
constraint2x+y 9100,
$imilarlydraw the straightline x + I = B0by ioiningthe point (0, 80Jand [80, 0). Findthe
requiredregionsayRr',forthe constraintx+ y 580.

To determinethe point of B,

2x+y= 100..-(1)

x+Y=8 0 ....[2]

Equation[1) - (2),

2 x- x+y-y=100-80
tsx=2 0

Insertx=20 into (2J,

x+y=8 0 ,
2 0 +y=g g ,
Ey=6 0 B (20,6Q)
Therefore,

Theintersectionof both the regionRr and Rr'is the feasiblesolutionof the LPP.Therefore
everypolnt ln the shadedregon OABCls a feasiblesolutlonof the LPP,stncethts polnt
satisfiesall the constraintsincludingthe non-negativeconstraints.
 I

{
'-.!
I

GRAPHIqAL METIIPI}

PROBLEM:

A Companyproduces varietiesof a product.VarietyA hasa profit perunit ofRMl2.00

ryo
9d varietyB hasa profit perunit of RM13.00.Demandfor varieiyA is at mostfo; unitsper
day.

Productionconsfiaintsaresuchthatat mostl0 hourscanbeworkedperday.Oneunit of

vwietyA takesonehourto pncducebut oneunit of varietyB takesni,o fr.i*= to proCuo..

Tensquaremetersof spaceis availableto storeo.neday'sproductionandoneunit of varietyA

requirestwo squaremeterswhilst oneunit of varietyB requiresonesquaremet€r.

Fo_rmllatetheproblemof decidinghowmuchto produceperdayasa linearprogramand

solveit graphically.

SOLUTTONz

Let: X1= ilurb€r of unitsof varietyA produced

x2: numberof unitsof varietyB produced

And theobjectiveis to;

Manimizel2x1+ l3x2 r

Thentheconstraintssubjectto:

x1* 2gS 10(production

time)

2x1+4S l0 (sPace)

xr S 4 (demand)

Where;

X 1 ,X2 )()

It is plainfromthediagrambelowthatthemanimumoccursat theintersectionof

xr * 2xz= l0 and

2x1*12= lg

9f]y:lg simultaneously,ratherthanby readingvaluesoffthe graph,wehavethatx1=x2:

(10/3)wrththe valueof theobjectivefirnctionbeing(50/3).
 I

s
7
v")
/\ a-

\2

\,

The vertices:

o (0,0) Z (O) =0

A (0,5) Z (A )= 6 5

c ( 3.33,3.33) Z (C ):8 3 .3 3

G (4,2\ Z (G'1 :7 5

H (4,0) Z (t9 :4 9

Therefore,

Zmlo= 83.33 at Vertex C

. .llAn auto companymanufacturescars and trrcks. Eachvehicle must be processedin the paint
shop and body assemblyshop.If the paint shopwere only painting trucks, 40 per day could be
painted.If the paint shopwere only painting cars, 60 per day could be painted.If the body shop
were only producing cars, it could process50 per day. If the body shop were only producing
tnrcks, it could process 50 per day. Each truck contributes $300 to profit, and each car
contibutes $200to profit. Use linear programmingto determinea daily productionschedulethat
will mocimize the company'sprofits.

The companymust decidehow many carsandtrucks shouldbe produceddaily.

lr1 : otrtrb€r of trucks produceddaily

ff2 = truttrberof carsproduceddaily

The company'sdaily profit (in hundredof dollars) is 3r1 * 2x2, sothe company'sobjective
function may be written as

m t x z = 3 x r * 2 x2

The company'stwo constraintsarethe following :

ConstraintsI - The fraction of the day during which the paint shopis busy is lessthan or equal
to l.

Constraints1 - The fraction of the day during which the body shopis busy is lessthan or"equal
to l.

ofdaypaintshop
Fraction works = (ryP)(W)
ontrucks
= 61 "

of daypaintshopworksoncars =
Fraction
fi,
Fractionof daybodyshopworkson trucks =
*t,

Fractionof daybodyshopworkson cars =

*t,

Thus,ConstraintI may be expressedby

 11
* *, < 1 (Paintshopconstraints)
mrt ff

and Constraint2 may be expressedby

11
* rr < 1 (Bodyshopcontraints)
E6rt E6-

Sinceq > 0 wrd x2 > 0 othe relevantlinear programmingis

mil(z-3xt * 2x,

Subjectto
1L
T 6r t*6 *, S1

TL
* rt
E6,rt E6-
X1,X2 > 1

The feasibleregion for this linear programmingis the shadedregion in Figrre I boundedby
AEDF.
 Figurel: ShadedRegionAEDF

The valueof zatpoint A is 3(a0)+ 2 (0) = I 20

Thevalueof zatpoint E is 3(20)+ 2 (30): 120

The valueof zatpoint D is 3(0) + 2 (50) = I 00

Thus,the maximumvalueof rl2A and it occursat point A andE.

This meansthat any point on the line segmentAE is optimal.

In summary,the autocompany'slinear programminghasan infinite numberof optimal

solutions.
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