Social

 Impact  Assessment  (SIA)  

Guidelines  

2014  

Berkeley,  CA  
 SIA  Overview  

• Review  of  SIA  

o Define,  Quantify  and  Track  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Define  
• Theory  of  Change  
• Impact  Value  Chain  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Quantify  and  Track  

• Sanergy  Case  (SIA  winner  2011)  

• FasoProt  Case  (SIA  winner  2012)  

 SIA  Overview  

• Review  of  SIA  

o Define,  Quantify  and  Track  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Define  
• Theory  of  Change  
• Impact  Value  Chain  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Quantify  and  Track  

• Sanergy  Case  (SIA  winner  2011)  

• FasoProt  Case  (SIA  winner  2012)  

 SIA  Framework  

1   Theory  of  Change   WHY  

venture  acLviLes  will  lead  
to  outcomes  
Impact  Value  Chain   Define  
HOW  venture  acLviLes  will  
lead  to  outcomes  
2   Define  Social  Impact  and  
Business  metrics  which  
QuanHfy   are  Specific,  Measurable,  
Attributable,  RealisHc,  
and  Targeted  (SMART)  

3  
Define  SUSTAINABLE  &   Track  
ACCURATE  monitoring  &  
tracking  mechanism  
 Theory  of  Change  –  WHY?  
Define  

THEN…   THEN…  
NEEDS   IF…  
(short  term)   (long  term)  

   
Business   Business  
value   value  
Problem   Key  
DefiniHon&   venture  
Background   acHviHes   Social   Social  
value   value  

Theory  of  change  should  be  easily  

understood  even  by  those  who  are  not  
familiar  with  the  business  
 Impact  Value  Chain  –  HOW?  
    Define  
       
Longer-­‐term  
Inputs   Outputs  
AcHviHes                                 Ou   Outcomes   outcomes  
What  is  put  into   Venture’s                                       Results  that  can   Changes  to   AcHvity  &  goal  
the  venture   primary  acHvity                                 be  me  asured   social  system   adjustment  

Framework   -­‐  
What  would  
have  happened  
anyway  
=  
LEADING  
INDICATORS   IMPACT  

  • Increased  
• Capacity  
• Electricity   literacy  rate  
building   • Business   • Reduction  in  
• Access   to   • Improved  
• Demand   skills   poverty  
Example   credit  
aggregation   • Cash  transfer  
nutrition  
• Increase  
• Technology      practices  
• Micro-­‐   delivered   in  labor  
• Energy   adopted  
     enterprise   • School  built   productivity  
• People   • Health  
development  
service  used  

Important  to  clearly  differenHate  Outputs  

and  Outcomes  
 Define  Social  Impact  Value  Chain  
Define  

    1  
 

What  are  the  intended  

results  of  the  program?  
Social  
2    
Theory  of   Impact   How  will  we  achieve  the  
Change   Value   intended  results?  
Chain   3   How  will  we  know  we  
 

have  achieved  the  

intended  results?  
 SIA  Framework  

1   Theory  of  Change   WHY  

venture  acLviLes  will  lead  
to  outcomes  
Impact  Value  Chain   Define  
HOW  venture  acLviLes  will  
lead  to  outcomes  
2   Define    Social  Impact  and  
Business  metrics  which  
QuanHfy   are  Specific,  Measurable,  
Attributable,  RealisHc,  
and  Targeted  (SMART)  

3  
Define  SUSTAINABLE  &   Track  
ACCURATE  monitoring  &  
tracking  mechanism  
 SMART  Metrics  
Quantify  &  Track  

Examples  of  metrics  

Definition   (which  one  more  SMART?)  

Measure  as  closely  as  possible   • Outcome:  Increase  in  literacy  

Specific   what  you  want  to  know.   • Metrics  :  Number  of  students  graduated  
from  school   in  area  A  vs.  %  literacy  rate  

Be  clear  about  how  it  will  be   • Metrics  :  Number  of  mothers  in  village  
Measurable   measured  –  specific.   A  using  product  X  vs.  product  usability  

Logically  and  closely  linked  to  a   • Effort  :  Weekly  money  collecLon  

Attributable   program’s  efforts  /  acLviLes.   • Metrics  :  Percent  of  mothers  repaid  the  
money  in  <7  days  by  agent  A  vs.  net  margin  

Data  obtainable  at  reasonable   • Metrics  :  Improved  sanitary  level  in  Africa  
RealisHc   cost,  frequency  and  accuracy.   vs.  number  of  households  having  proper  
sanitaLon  in  area  A  
 
Specific  to  the  program’s  target   • Metrics  :  Number  of  toilets  sold  to  
franchisers  in  area  A   vs.   total  toilets  sold  
Targeted   group  /  customer.  
 SIA  Overview  –  Case  Studies  

• Review  of  SIA  

o Define,  Quantify  and  Track  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Define  
• Theory  of  Change  
• Impact  Value  Chain  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Quantify  and  Track  
 

• Sanergy  Case  (SIA  winner  2011)  

• FasoProt  Case  (SIA  winner  2012)  

 Sanergy:  SIA  Case  

1  
Sanergy  aims  to   A  dense  network  of  micro-­‐  
permanently   franchised  small-­‐scale  sanitaLon  
centers  located  in  every  block  of  
reduce   the  slums.  
sanitaHon-­‐  
related  disease   2  
A  low-­‐cost  containerized  waste  
among  residents   collecLon  infrastructure  to  easily  
of  Africa’s  slums   transport  the  waste.  
by  making  
sanitaHon   3   A  centralized  processing  facility  
accessible,   that  efficiently  converts  the  
affordable,  and   waste  into  electricity,  which  is  
sold  to  the  naLonal  grid,  and  
sustainable.   high  quality  organic  ferLlizer.  
 Sanergy:  Theory  of  Change  

THEN…   THEN…  
NEEDS   IF…  
(short  term)   (long  term)  

• 8  million  people  in   • Slum  dwellers  will   Business  value:   Business  value:  
the  slums  of  Kenya,   seek  hygienic   • Revenue  from   • Dominant  
and  2.6  billion   sanitaLon  faciliLes   toilet  rent   toilet  and  
worldwide,  lack   • The  faciliLes  will  be   • Revenue  from   bioenergy  
access  to  basic   priced  at  a  level  that   biogas   provider  in  
sanitaLon   is  affordable  to  slum   electricity   Kenya  
• ResulLng  diarrheal   dwellers  
disease  kills  nearly   • The  faciliLes  will  be  
1.6  million  children   sufficient  in  number  
each  year   and  geographic   Social  value:   Social  value:  
• Kenya  alone  has  10   distribuLon  for   • The  incidence   • Improve  
million  people  living   residents  to  rely  on   of  sanitaLon-­‐   mortality  rate  
in  its  slums,  80%  of   hygienic  sanitaLon   related   • Improve  living  
whom  lack  access  to   faciliLes   disease  will   standard  
basic  sanitaLon   • The  faciliLes’   decrease   • Reduce  
operators  earn  a   poverty  
sustainable  income  
 Sanergy:  Impact  Value  Chain  

Inputs  
Capital  |  Appropriate  technology  |  Innovative  business  models  

AcHviHes  
Sanitation  marketing  |  Toilet  fabrication,  sales,  &  installation  |  Business  &  
operations  training  |  Waste  collection  |  Waste  processing  

Outputs  
Hygienic  sanitation  facilities  |  Income  for  residents  of  slums  |  Saleable  
byproducts  of  waste  processing  

Outcomes  
Reduced  sanitation-­‐related  disease  |  Increased  healthy,  productive  time  
and  earning  potential  |  Increased  income  among  sanitation  infrastructure  
operators  &  staff  |  Reduced  gender-­‐based  violence  |  Reduced  water  
pollution  |  Reduced  methane  and  carbon  dioxide  emissions  
 Sanergy:  SMART  Metrics  

Output  metrics   Outcome  metrics  

Specific   • #  of  people  using   • Provide  $158.09  of  annual  
Sanergy  SanitaLon   social  benefit  to  each  toilet  
Center.   customer.  
Measurable   • Income  earned  by  toilet   • Create  profitable  small  
and  Sanergy  staff.   businesses  for  toilet  
• CumulaLve  human   operators  and  good  jobs,  
waste  collected  and   providing  at  least  $1200  of  
Attributable   processed  into  saleable   annual  economic  benefit  to  
byproducts.   each  franchisee  and  
employee.  
RealisHc   • Create  $696.45  of  annual  
carbon  emission  reducLon.  

Targeted  
 SIA  Overview  –  Case  Studies  

• Review  of  SIA  

o Define,  Quantify  and  Track  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Define  
• Theory  of  Change  
• Impact  Value  Chain  
o In  Depth  Review  of  Quantify  and  Track  

• Sanergy  Case  (SIA  winner  2011)  

 

• FasoProt  Case  (SIA  winner  2012)  

 FasoProt:  SIA  Case  
To  become  a  major  stakeholder  
in  reducing  poverty  and  in  
Vision   improving  the  nutriHon  of  
women  and  children  through  
agribusiness  based  on  local  
resources  in  Africa.  

 
To  offer  shea  caterpillar  as  a  
highly  nutriHous  processed  food  
supplement  to  improve  the  
Mission   health  and  food  security  of  local  
people.  
 FasoProt:  Theory  of  Change  

THEN…   THEN…  
NEEDS   IF…  
(short  term)   (long  term)  

• 35%  of  children   • If  low  income   Business  value:   Business  value:

under  five  (1  million)   Africans  gain  access   • Revenue  from   • Dominant  
suffer  from  chronic   to  affordable   whole-­‐seller   market  share  
malnutriHon   in   caterpillar-­‐enriched   • Break-­‐even  in  
Burkina  Faso.   products.   3  years  
• A  major  cause  of   • If  the  rural  
infant  mortality,   populaLon  gets  
responsible  for  50%   involved  in  the  
of  deaths  .   caterpillar  business.  
• About  43.9%  of  the   • If  caterpillars  provide   Social  value:   Social  value:  
populaLon  lives   revenues.   • MalnutriLon   • Improved  
below  the  level  of   will  be   nutriLon  
poverty.   reduced  and   • ReducLon  of  
health  will  be   infant  
improved   mortality  
• PreservaLon   and  health  
of  natural   costs  
resources  
 FasoProt:  Impact  Value  Chain  
       
Inputs   AcHviHes   Outputs   Outcomes  

• Shea  caterpillars   • Communicate   • 15,000  mothers   • Improve  

• AddiLonal   and  train  rural   and  children  will   malnutriLon  
nutriLon   women  to   be  clients  in  the   • Reduce  poverty  
• OperaLon  and   produce   4th  year  
management   caterpillars   • Engage  at  least  
team   • Aggregate   2,000  low-­‐  
caterpillar  supply   income  women  
and  develop  fair   in  the  collecLon  
trade  market  for   and  iniLal  
caterpillars   preparaLon  of  
• Dry  and  process   the  caterpillars  
caterpillars   • Increase  income  
by  50%  
• Give  incenLve  
to  preserve  
shea  trees  
• Create  32  well-­‐  
paid  jobs  
 FasoProt:  SMART  Metrics  

Output  metrics   Measurement  

Specific   • Number  of  people  exp.   • Evaluated  by   income  
increase  in  standard  of   provided  by  caterpillars  
living  due  to  FasoProt   compared  with  the  iniLal  
income  the  women  had  
Measurable  
• Number  of  children                   • Evaluated  by  the  savings  
with  improved   made  by  prevenLng  instead  
Attributable   nutriLonal  situaLon   of  treaLng  severe  
malnutriLon  

RealisHc   • Number  of  workers   • Evaluated  by  calculating  the  

with  improved   number  of  jobs  created  in  a  
economic  situaLon   country  where  77%  of  the  
populaLon  is  unemployed  
Targeted