Cooling and Heating LOAD CALCULATION MANUAL RRO LB SEH ONLPREFACE ‘The Cooling and Heating Load Calculation Manual, generally known as ASHRAE GRP 158, was originally putlished about 15 years ago under diree- tion of the late William Rudoy. The manual has served the industry well as both a working and teaching documen:; however, as with any manual of this type, experience and research developments have revealed some shortcom- ingsin the procedures developed at that time. Further, the rapid development of the personal computer has made it possible for most designers to aban- don hand calculations in favor of more rigorous automated methods while the method described in the existing manual is constrained to be a manual procedure, With these considerations in mind, this new manual incorporates the latest developments and data for load calculations; has a large empha- sis on computer procedures with appropriate data on magnetic media; and iscomprehensive with respect to all ASHRAE load calculation procedures, except residential. ‘Work leading to the development, review, and publication of this manual ‘was directed by TC 4.1, Load Caleulat.ons. Dr. Edward F. Sowell played an important role in the research leading to the development of new data associated with the Transfer Function Method. He was responsible for the development of the weighting factor database and software to access that data and was the principal author of Appendix A. With any publication of this magnitude, helpful suggestions, comments, and criticisms come from many individuals and sources. Their assistance is. acknowledged and appreciated. Faye C. MeQuiston Jeffrey D. SpitlerTABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter1 Introduction 1.4 Purpose of Design Load Calculations... et 1.2 Types of Heat Transfer Rates . 12 1.3 Load Calculation Methods 13 1.4 Information Required—Input - 13 1.5 Information Required—Output 14 1.6 Suggestion for Manual Calculations 14 Chapter2 Transfer Function Method BA Ovendew! errata erence 2.2 Tiansfer Functions a 2.8 Determination of Heat Gains. 22.01.21) 2.3.4 Solar Radiation Intensity . iene 2.3.2 Determination of Heat Gains through Walls and Roofs. 2.3.3 Determination of Heat Gains through Windows... 2.8.4 Heat Gain through Interior Paritions, Floors, and stings 2.35 Heat Gain through Below-Grade Surfaces 2.4 Conversion of Heat Gains into Cooling Load 2.5 Summation of Hourly Cooling Loads ...... 2.6 Heat Extraction Rate and Room Temperature Chapter3 Weather Data and Design Conditions 81 Indoor Design Conditions : . at 3.2 Outdoor Design Conditions See 34 3.3 WindData ... ‘ 32 3.4 Interpolation between Stations... 33 3.5 Weather-Oriented Design Factors. 33 3.6 Data Related to Underground Structures... a3 3.7 Evaporative Cooling Weather Data... : 33 Chapter4 Heat Transmission Coefficients and Property Data 4.1 Thermal Properties of Building and Insulation Materials... oe 44 42 Surface Conductances and Resistances ....... et 43 Thermal Resistance of Air Spaces a eee 44 44° Ceiling Air Spaces .... 2 42 4.5 Overall Transmission Goeffcie'ts for Doors... 42 4.8 Overall Transmission Coeffcierts for Windows and Skyiigl 42 4.7 Overall Transmission Coefficierts for Below-Grade Walls and Floors ......... 42 4.8 Transmission Coefficients for Slabs on Grade ..... oe 43 49 Examples ae 43 Chapter5 Internal Heat Gain 51 People ..... i cee SA 52 Lighting... a ee ‘ : Bt 5.3 Miscellaneous Equipment 220222222022 a : 53 54 Examples ... ee ae BA