Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Common Rail System, 546 Constant volume cycle, 37 Corporate Average Fuel Economy,
Common-Rail-System, 537 Construction step, 144 1031
Comparative process, 37 Consumption, 444 Corrosion, 818, 847, 868
open, 40 Consumption map, 938 Corrosion inhibitor, 819, 836, 847, 848
Comparative stress according to Von Consumption Maps, 19, 28, 29 Corrosion protection, 843, 860
Mises, 886 Consumption potential, 921, 928, 930 Corrosion resistance, 109
Comparison process Consumption reduction, 237 Cosworth low-pressure sand-casting
engine, 39 Consumption saving, 939 process, 148
Component calculation, 287 Consumption savings in NEFZ cycle, Countermass, 61
Component deformation 214 Counterweight, 61
elastic, 275 Contact and opposite side, 87 Counting criterion, 796
Component optimization, 879 Contact corrosion, 861 Cracking component, 814
Component protection, 33 Contact force, 233, 235 Crankcase, 58, 119
Composite material, 281 dynamic, 237, 1078 Crankcase scavenging, 4
Compressed natural gas, 1029 kinematic, 237, 1078 Crankcase venting, 126
Compression Contact pressure, 880 Crank diagram, 63
geometrical, 79 Contact radius, 234 Crank gear, 49, 52
isentropic, 36 Contact surface, 233 Crank gear force, 53, 58
isothermic, 36 Contact width, 233 Crank pin, 55
variable, 79, 80 crowning, 233 offset, 71
Compression Efficiency, 503 Contamination, 866 Crank pin force, 56
Compression height, 83, 84 Continuous knocking, 829 Crankshaft, 58, 159
variable, 80 Continuously variable transmission cast, 162
Compression ignition (CVT), 700 manufacturing, 160
homogeneous, 619 Control vibration resistance, 163
Compression ratio, 17, 37, 79, 625, 926 desmodromic, 6 Crankshaft angle, 50
effective, 17 Control deviation, 683 Crankshaft angle , 50
geometric, 17 Controlled intake manifold, 270, 449 Crankshaft drive, 12, 49, 52, 79, 950
Variable geometric, 1062 Control mechanism, 312 desaxised, 51
Compression Ratio, 16 Control piston, 85, 87 shifted, 51
Compression ring, 102 control sleeve inline fuel injection Crankshaft material, 161
L-shaped, 102 pumps, 540 Crankshaft rumbling, 952
Compression ring set, 85 Control valve, 237 Crankshaft starter generator, 921, 922,
Compression stroke, 225 Conversion, 762 988, 1063
Compression volumes, 16 Conversion of energy, 570 Crankshaft start generator, 468
Compressive load, 234 Conversion of pollutants, 776 Crankshaft throw, 55
Compressor Coolant, 860 CRC F-28, 831
Electrical, 506 Coolant circuit, 146, 1059, 1108 Creep resistance, 148
Compressor efficiency, 510 Coolant concentrate, 861 Crescent-Type Oil Pumps, 205
Compressor map, 489, 492, 509 Coolant flow simulation, 146, 1068 Critical plane, 888
Computing time, 881 Coolant radiator, 738, 739 Critical plane method, 888
Concave radius, 234, 235 Coolant temperature, 933 Cross-flow cooling, 143
Conchoid, 28 Coolant thermostat, 743 CRT filter system, 799
Condensation nucleus counter, 807 Cooling, 842 Cruise control, 725
Condensation nucleus counter CPC, Cooling air flow, 125 Cummins engine, 5
805 Cooling-air inlet, 951 Current converter, 995
Cone spray valve, 532 Cooling by coolant, 737 Curve, 27
Configuration, 11 Cooling channel, 87 Curved radius, 225
Connecting rod, 49 Cooling channel piston, 89 Curve representation, 27
Conrod, 880 Cooling fins CVS bag analysis, 80
Conrod angular travel , 50 optimization, 125 CVT, 938
Conrod bearing, 254 shape, 125 cw value, 919, 920
Conrod bearing force, 56 Cooling module, 742 Cycle consumption, 29
Conrod bolt, 292 Cooling system, 12, 735 Cyclical process, 35
Conrod bolt connection, 294 Feature, 735 Cyclical processes
Conrod bolts, 294 Cooling water flow rate, 46 ideal, 37
Conrod eye, 83, 85 Coordinate measurement unit, 153 Cyclical process work, 36
Conrod pattern, 61 Copper alloy, 259 Cyclical service life, 1003
Conrod ratio, 50, 952 Copper loss, 989 Cyclic irregularity, 60, 952
Constant pressure combustion, 40 Cordierite, 793 Cylinder, 15
Constant pressure cycle, 37 Core-casting machines, 148 wet, 121
Constant pressure turbocharging, 489 Core package process, 149 Cylinder arrangement, 11, 13
Constant vacuum carburetor, 522 Core plug, 151 Cylinder charge, 23
Constant vacuum carburettor, 517 Cores, 151 Cylinder charge dilution, 627
Constant volume combustion, 40 Corner edge seal, 385 Cylinder cooling, 124
Cylinder cutout, 155, 170, 472, 475 Density, 826 DIN EN 590, 815
Cylinder engineering, 120 Density sensor, 816 Direct cooling, 12
Cylinder head, 137, 139 Deparaffination, 845 Direct-current motor, 722
casting process, 147 Deposit, 861 Direct drive, 937
Cylinder Head, 80 Deposition effects, 794 Direct injection, 11, 526, 894, 922, 924,
Cylinder head assembly, 196 Deposition mechanism, 794 925, 926, 952
Cylinder head bolt, 147, 155, 292 Deposits, 847 Direct-injection, 7, 139, 471
Cylinder-head cladding, 950 Depth filters, 796 Direct Injection
Cylinder head cooling, 143 Depth of Discharge, 1003 Air-supported, 527
Cylinder head cover, 950 Design, 139 Direct Numerical Simulation, 603
Cylinder head development, 137, 146 engineering, 83 Dirt storage capacity, 867
Cylinder head geometry, 196 stopper-less, 280 Discharge port variant, 142
Cylinder head prototype, 144 Design cylinder pressure, 885 Dispersants, 847
Cylinder head shape, 138 Design of the PEM Fuel Cell, 1042 Displacement
Cylinder liner, 279 Desmodromic system, 225 Variable, 1062
Cylinder output, 21 Desulphurization temperature, 788 Displacement line, 491
Cylinder peak pressure, 83 Detector, 972, 973 Displacement magnet, 447
cylinder power Paramagnetic, 973 Displacement pump, 562, 565
indicated, 21 Detergent and dispersant additives, Distance-related fuel consumption,
Cylinder pressure characteristic, 623, 819 921
626 Detergents, 835, 836, 847 Distillation
Cylinder running surface, 120, 123 Detergents/Dispersants, 847 atmospheric, 845
machining, 123 De-throttling, 926 Distribution
Cylinders, 119 Dethrottling, 237, 472 bimodal, 791
Cylinder shutdown, 79 Diameter Distribution of lubrication film, 255
Cylinder shutoff, 922, 931 aerodynamic, 790 Distributor injection pump, 541, 542
Cylinder warping, 120, 275 DI combustion process, 928 Disulfide sulfur, 834
Die, 149 Dividing characteristics, 796
Die-cast aluminum oil pan, 953 DNS, 603
D Die casting, 91, 149 DOHC, 225, 231
Daimler Die casting process, 120, 151 DOHC engine, 226
Gottlieb, 3 Diesel Double-beveled oil control ring, 103
DaimlerChrysler, 1035 Rudolf, 3, 36 Double-layer capacitors, 706
Damage accumulation of the piston, Diesel combustion, 607 Double overhead camshaft, 225
885 Diesel engine, 922, 925 Double overhead camshaft = DOHC,
Damage index, 887 Diesel Engine, 10 164
Damage mechanism, 803 Diesel Engines, 5 Double stopper, 279
Dam charcoal number, 597 Diesel exhaust unit, 561 Double trapezoid ring, 102
Damping, 72, 76, 950 Diesel four-stroke combustion Downdraft carburetor, 517, 518
Damping filter, 273 systems, 612 Downsizing, 479, 920, 922, 1030, 1062,
Danger classification, 817 Diesel fuel supply system, 561 1063
DC Diesel fuel tank, 557 Downspeeding, 924, 1062
B, 15 Diesel hybrid drive system, 1024 DPF, 898
T, 15 Diesel oxidation catalytic converters, Drag coefficient, 918
DC brushless motor, 1037 782 Drive-by-wire, 725
DC/DC converter, 704 Diesel racing fuel, 823 Drive control software, 678
DC machine, 1037 Diesel supply unit, 562 Drive element, 227
DC motor, 722, 1037 Diesel tank pump, 562 Drive flange, 226, 227
Brushless, 1037 Diesel-water emulsion, 823 Drive machines, 9
Deactivation Diethylene glycol, 860 Drive moment, 233
thermal, 785 Differential gear, 68 Driven machines, 9
Dead volume, 16 Differential gear ratio, 936 Drive past test
Deaxising, 52 Diffusion, 45, 794 legal, 952
Decoupling system, 289 Diffusion battery, 806 Driver behavior, 939
Deep-bed filter medium, 867 Diffusion flame, 598 Drive shaft, 952
DEF, 851 Diffusion speed, 795 Drive sprocket, 226
Deformation Digitizing, 153 Drivetrain, 77, 685
thermal, 886 Diisobutylene, 841 Driving
Degree of absorption, 948 Diluting agent Electric-only, 1031
Degree of fraction separation, 865 rotating, 807 Driving mode, 935
Degree of radiation, 947 Dilution, 807 Driving resistance, 918
Degree of separation, 792, 863 Dilution Controlled Combustion Driving speed, 921
Degree of transmission, 947 System, 620 Driving style, 938
Delta-Control, 457 Dimethyl ether, 823 Drop in viscosity, 844, 856
Denitrification, 803 DIN EN 228, 826 Droplet size, 532
Droplet size distribution, 609 Electric-only driving, 1031 Engine noise emissions, 950
Droplet-wall interaction, 895 Electric vehicle, 703, 943, 1037, 1042 Engine oil, 870
Dry friction, 389 electrohydraulic valve train, 930 Engine oil for four-stroke engine, 848
Dual cam adjustment, 449 Electro membrane, 1042 Engine oil for two-stroke engine, 858
Dual carburetor, 517 Electronic diesel control, 32 Engine operation
Dual clutch transmission, 664 Elementary analysis, 813 un-throttled, 530
Dual spark coil, 571 Elementary EC carbon, 789 Engine order, 959
Ductility, 148 Emission, 972, 975 Engine test, 287, 855
Dummy-head recording, 957 Emission map, 29 Engine test bed, 961, 962, 965, 970
Duplex chain, 240 Emission noise, 952 Engine working point, 931
Durability of screw connections, 296 Emission requirements, 557 Enthalpy
Dust capacity, 864 Emissions factor, 804 free, 42
DVPE, 833 Emitec-SCRi-System, 779 molar free, 41
DVPE (Dry Vapor Pressure Emitted noise emission value, 952 Enthalpy difference, 46
Equivalent), 833 Emitted noise measuring procedure, Enthalpy flow, 46
Dynamics, 232 948 Environmental awareness, 917
Dynamics calculations, 236 Emptying method, 437 EPEFE, see also 22.1.2.2, 815
Dynamic tire radius, 920 Encapsulation Epitrochoids, 383
Dynamometer, 962 tight-fitting, 950 Equal pressure stage, 517
Enclosure Equidistant, 383
off-engine, 950 Equilibrium
E spaced, 950 chemical, 40, 44
Easy-change disposable fuel filter, 868 Enclosure element, 951 thermodynamic, 42
eBooster, 500 Energy and drive management, 1030 Equilibrium constant, 594
Eccentric, 226 Energy balance, 45, 46 Equilibrium temperature, 800
Eccentric adjustment, 460 Energy chain, 1029 Erosion Behavior, 578
Eccentricity, 383 Energy conversion, 1055 Ethanol, 840, 1029, 1030
Eccentric shaft, 383, 464 Energy density, 997 Ether, 824
ECE cycle, 922 Energy flow, 46 Ethylhexyl nitrate, 817
ECE-Tank, 560 Energy management, 1054 ETOH, 836
EC motor, 722 Intelligent, 1055 euATL, 500
EDC, 558 Optimal, 1031 European driving cycle, 919
EDC engine control system, 32 Energy management system, 1010 European Engine Lubricant Quality
EDC-System, 557 Energy recovery, 936, 943, 1031 Management System, 856
EELQMS, 856 Energy recovery with both, 1031 EU standard EN 589, 836
Effect Energy recuperation, 1012 Evaporation heat, 523, 840
thermophoretic, 805 Energy storage device, 1036, 1039 Evaporation loss, 843
Efficiency, 42 Energy storage devices, 1039 Evaporative emission, 731
effective, 17, 22, 46, 415 Energy Storage Devices, 996 Exciter force, 75
indicated, 22, 46 Energy storage systems, 704, 934 Exciter work, 73, 75
mechanical, 22 Engine, 15 Exciting force, 73, 75
thermal, 36, 38, 45, 79 Engine acoustics, 945 Exergy, 39
Einsteinian relation, 795 Engine bearing, 952 Exergy loss, 39, 42
E-Gas, 725 Engine block, 950 Exhaust
EGR, 531, 728 main dimension, 111 average specific heat, 46
EGR flap valve, 730 material, 118 Exhaust closes, 433
EGR valve, 528 Engine Block, 6 Exhaust Counter-pressure Level, 431
Ejector diluting agent, 807 Engine block design, 120 Exhaust emissions, 618, 817, 917, 961,
Elasticity Test, 498 Engine block types, 116 967
Elastomer coating Engine braking system, 225, 233 Exhaust gas, 973, 975
partial, 278 Engine characteristics, 15 Diluted, 974
Elastomer head gasket, 276 Engine compartment, 950 Undiluted, 973
Elastomer material, 283, 284 Engine compartment capsule, 286 Exhaust gas cooling, 740
Elastomer seal, 281, 285 Engine component, 83 Exhaust gas exergy loss, 42
Elastomer sealing lip, 276 Engine cooling, 737, 743 Exhaust gas limit, 827
Elastomer sealing system, 284 Engine enclosure, 951, 952 Exhaust gas mass flow, 965
Electrical energy, 921, 922, 1104 Engine hood absorber, 951 Exhaust gas measuring technology,
Electrical energy management, 1055 Engine hood lining, 951 961, 965
electrical output, 921 Engine intake air, 863 Exhaust gas particulate measuring
Electric coolant pump, 934 Engine Knock, 595 technology, 974
Electric double-layer capacitor, 1001 Engine map, 27, 28 Exhaust gas power, 508
Electric drive system, 703, 943, 1036 Engine mounting, 953, 954 Exhaust gas recirculation, 30, 723, 728
Electric driving, 984 Engine mounting bracket, 954 Exhaust-gas recirculation, 449
Electricity production, 943 Engine noise, 949, 950, 952 Exhaust gas recirculation rate, 30, 31,
Electric motor, 1037 mechanical, 950, 952 531
Exhaust gas recirculation valve, 728, Filling process, 148 Floating axle, 464
729 Filter, 537 Flow
Exhaust gas system, 430 open, 778 dynamic, 532
Exhaust gas temperature, 33, 300 Filter candle, 793 static, 532
Exhaust gas temperature map, 33 Filter characteristics, 796 Flowability, 818
Exhaust gas threshold Filter depth, 795, 802 Flow calculation, 889
current, 746 Filter element, 269 Flow Cross Sections, 435
Exhaust gas treatment, 897 Filter fabric, 864 Flow determination, 436
Exhaust Gas Treatment for gasoline Filter felt, 794 Flow factor for the valve, 436
Engines, 760 Filter fineness, 865, 866 Flow function, 438
Exhaust gas turbocharging, 7, 493 Filter fleece, 794 Flow improver, 818
two-stage, 506 Filter head, 868 Flow measuring technology, 965
Exhaust Manifold, 299, 878 Filtering, 564 Flow noises, 950
Exhaust measurement in the Filter medium, 792 Flow process
combustion chamber, 750 Filter paper, 794 stationary, 46
Exhaust measuring technology, 746 Filter surface area, 867 Flow property, 847
Exhaust muffler, 950 Filter testing machine, 804 Flow pump, 562, 565
Exhaust muzzle noise, 949 Filtration, 268, 863, 870 Flow range
Exhaust opens, 433 Filtration velocity, 865 linear, 532
Exhaust port valve seat insert, 195, Final drive systems, 706 Flow simulation, 146, 889
1071 Fine dust, 789 Flow turbulence, 891
Exhaust side adjustment, 236 Fines, 918 Fluctuation
Exhaust slot, 384 Finger follower, 146, 168 cyclical, 624
Exhaust system, 965 Finite element analysis, 287 Fluid or viscous friction, 389
Exhaust system seal, 282 Finite element method, 875 “Flying lawn chair” by Baumm, 382
Exhaust Treatment in Diesel Engines, Finite Elements, 6 Flywheel, 952
782 Finite elements mesh, 881 Flywheel bolt, 292, 296
Exhaust treatment systems such as Finite volume method, 891 Flywheel energy storage device, 1039
particle filters, 818 Fire land, 84 FM method, 622
Exhaust turbochargers, 444, 489 Firing channel, 385 Foam, 950
Exhaust valve, 138, 419, 950 Firing sequence, 69, 71 FON, 829
Expansion Firing sequences, 71 Force
isentropic, 36 First-order inertial force, 61 acting on the conrod, 55
isothermic, 36 oscillating, 63 on crankshaft drive, 52
thermal, 234 First ring land, 84 on piston, 54
Experiment design, 893 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, 814, 834 on wristpin, 54
Explosion Fixed air funnel carburetor, 517, 519, Forced-feed lubrication, 858
thermal, 592 523 Ford
Explosion limit, 824 Flaked graphite, 227 Henry, 4
Explosion Limit, 593 Flame Forged conrod, 294
External air pipe, 269 Non pre-mixed, 596, 598 Forging, 91, 160
External Gear Pump, 206 Partial pre-mixed, 598 Forked lever, 225
Extraction Pre-mixed, 596, 597 Formula
isokinetic, 805 Flame front, 43 analytical, 880
Extrusion casting, 91 Flame ignition, 3 Formula 1 piston, 89
Flamelets-Model, 604 Fossil fuels, 917
Flame path, 930 Four-cycle engine, 803
F Flame propagation, 623 Four-stroke process, 11
FAME, 814 Flame Propagation, 596 Four-valve cylinder head, 141, 154
Fan drives, 741 Flame speed, 627 Four-valve technology, 930
Fans, 741 Flame Speed, 591 Free burning temperature, 574
Fast-off detection, 700 Flame Type, 596 Free-piston linear generator, 1047,
Fatigue limit, 187 Flange concepts for tube manifolds, 1050
FCKW, 823 304 Freezing suitability, 1045
FEM, 879 Flap valve, 729 Frequency range, 952
FEM calculations, 236 Flash point, 817 fresh charge mass
Fermentation, 840 Flat-based tappet contact, 236, 1078 theoretical, 23
Ferrotherm® piston, 90 Flat seal, 280 Fresh oil lubrication, 858
FIA analysis, 824 Flat-tube coolers, 740 Friction, 154, 842
Fiber rope filter, 793 FlexRay, 673 Crankshaft, 396
Fiction loss, 248 FlexRay bus, 673 Frictional power, 880
Filerability, 818 FlexRay fieldbus, 673 Frictional Power, 389
Filing capacity, 103 Flexural load, 233 Friction loss, 225, 847
Filling level measuring, 566 Float artery valve, 517 Friction map, 933
Filling method, 437 Float chamber, 516, 519, 522 Friction Mean Pressure, 22
Friction modifiers, 835, 836, 847 Function verification Gray-cast camshaft, 232
Friction vibration, 385 virtual, 889 Gray cast iron, 147
Front octane number, 832 Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, Gray cast iron running surface, 122
Frost protection, 860 35 Gray cast iron sleeve, 122
FTP, 926 Gray cast structure, 227
FTP 75 Test cycle, 748 Greenhouse gas emissions, 821
Fuel, 10, 24, 589, 1029 G Greenhouse gases, 821
Gaseous, 10 Gap corrosion, 861 Grooved bearingsTM, 263
liquid, 10 Gap width, 106 Gross reaction equation, 591
reformulated, 834 Gas composition, 44 G-Rotor pump, 562
solid, 11 Gas constant GTL (gas-to-liquid), 836
sulfur-free, 799 general, 40 GTL Gasto Liquid, 823
Fuel and drive strategy, 1030 Gas diesel engine, 623 Gümbel-Holzer-Tolle procedure, 74
Fuel atomization quality, 529 Gas engine oil, 850
Fuel cell, 704, 1031, 1042 Gas escaping, 83
Fuel Cell as an APU, 1047 Gas exchange, 145, 225, 269 H
Fuel cell concept vehicles, 1045 Gas exchange control system, 11 H2–O2 System, 593
Fuel cell drive system, 1042, 1044 Gas exchange cycle, 79, 231 Half bead, 277, 283
Fuel cell in the vehicle, 1043 Gas force, 52, 225, 235, 952 Half-shell manifold, 302
Fuel cell stack, 1043 Gas fuel, 836 Hammering, 952
Fuel cell vehicle, 1044 Gasket testing, 287 Hard anodizing, 92
Fuel cell vehicles, 703 Gasoline, 824, 1030 Hardening radii
Fuel charge, 224 alternative, 836 inductive, 163
Fuel Chemistry, 589 Gasoline direct injection, 529, 927, 928 H bridge circuitry, 674
Fuel conditioning, 965, 968, 969 Gasoline engine, 922, 926 HCCI, 594, 928
Fuel consumption, 917, 921 Gasoline filters, 866 HCCI Process, 594
effective specific, 19 Gasoline fuel in-tank pump, 565 HC/CO conversion, 772
specific, 19 Gasoline hybrid drive system, 1024 HC emission, 16, 30
Fuel Consumption, 7, 19, 79, 917, 919, Gasoline supply systems, 563 HC emissions map, 30
927, 934, 942 Gasoline tank, 557 HCF, 886
Fuel consumption lead, 1061 Gasoline vapor, 731 HC-storage catalytic converter, 764
Fuel consumption measurement, 965 Gas port, 138 Head contact area, 296
Fuel consumption measuring Gas pressure, 225 Head gasket, 275
technology, 961 Gas-switching element, 139 Heated catalyst
Fuel consumption potential, 919, 1061 Gas torsional force, 75 electrical, 763
Fuel consumptions, 1033 Gas turbine, 1031, 1041 Heat engine, 35
Fuel consumption saving, 934 Gas turbine engine, 6 Heating flange, 584
Fuel economy oil, 849 Gas work, 20 Heating Flange, 584
Fuel filters, 866 Gauge pressure tank diagnosis pump, Heating system
Fuel hydraulic circuit, 890 732 sequential, 798
Fuel injection (IDI) Gear pump, 216 Heat loss, 46
Indirect, 614 Gear rattle, 950 Heat management, 934, 1059
Fuel mass flow, 965 Gear set design, 216 Heat management method, 934
Fuel rail, 483 Gear shift speeds, 939 Heat Range, 574
Fuel return, 523 Gearshift strategy, 699 Heat removal, 35, 125
Fuel saving potential, 936 Gearwheel oscillations, 950 Heat stress, 803
Fuel-saving potential, 926, 936 Generating electricity, 1056 Heat supply, 35
Fuel savings, 472 Generator, 922, 1104 Heat throughput, 736
Fuel supply systems, 557 Thermoelectric, 1013 Heat transfer, 12
Fuel Supply Systems, 560 Generator control, 1055 Heat transfer coefficient, 736
Fuel Tanks, 557 Generator Operation Mode, 494 Heat transfer model, 600
Full bead, 277, 283 Generator whistling, 952 Heat transfer process, 35
Full-flow burner, 797 German monopoly administration for Heavy gasoline, 3
Full flow dilution system, 974 spirits, 814 Heavy oil operation, 623
Full hybrid, 703, 987, 1031 GH2, 836 Height offset of the balance shaft, 69
Full-load, 28, 32, 531 Glass fiber, 870 Height profiling, 278
Full-load curve, 27 Glow discharge Helical compression spring, 187
Full-load enrichment, 928 Glow Discharge, 569 Helical slide honing, 123
Full lubrication, 842 Glow Plug, 582 Helical toothing, 237
Full-skirt piston, 89 Glow System, 581 Helmholtz resonator, 273, 428, 951
Function glow tube ignition Hertzian pressure, 225, 232, 234, 235,
model-based, 681 uncontrolled, 3 1077
Function architecture Glycerides and glycerins, 821 dynamic, 235, 1077
torque-based, 680 Glycols, 860 kinematic, 235, 1077
GM, 1035 HFRR test, 820
Higher NOx emissions, 16 Hydraulic valve lifter (HVA), 234 Inertial force, 52, 60, 61, 62, 63, 235, 952
High Pressure Direct Injection, 526 Hydrocarbon first order, 63
High-pressure fuel injector, 530 aromatic, 833 oscillating, 52, 61
High-pressure fuel pump, 530 Hydrocarbon (alkane) rotating, 52, 61
High Pressure Injection, 528 paraffinic, 814 Inertial torque, 61, 64
High pressure line, 537 Hydrocarbon indexing, 752 oscillating, 65
High-pressure pump, 529, 546 Hydrocarbon (PAH) rotating, 65
High-pressure rail, 548 polycyclic aromatic, 818 Infinite variability, 470
High pressure regulator, 529 Hydrocarbons, 753 Influence of ignition angle, 624
High-pressure sensor, 716 synthetic, 814 Injected Fuel Metering, 532
High-pressure storage tank, 838 Hydrofinishing, 845 Injection
High pressure system, 537 Hydrogen, 7, 838, 943, 1030, 1043, 1044 mechanical, 6
High-speed engine, 14 Hydrogen combustion, 593 Injection map, 32
High-temperature aging, 772, 773 Hydrogen direct injection, 386 Injection nozzles and nozzle-holder
High-temperature battery, 999 Hydrogen engine oil, 850 assemblies, 551
High-temperature electronics, 1030 Hydrogen infrastructure, 1047 Injection orifice design, 554
High-temperature fuel cell, 1048 Hydrogen production, 1046 Injection pressure, 533, 926
High-temperature high-shear Hydrogen rotary piston engine, 386 increase, 551
viscosity, 849 Hydrogen storage system, 1043 Injection process, 535
HNBR material, 243 Hydrogen storage technology, 1042 Injection pump cam, 227
Hole nozzles, 552 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), 834 Injection rate, 534
Hollow casting Hydrogen treatment, 818 Injection system
cylindrical, 232 Hydrothermatik® piston, 88 adjusting , 555
Hollow drilling, 232 Hydrothermik® piston, 87 Injection System, 534
Holography Hypocycloids, 383 Injection time, 535, 556
acoustic, 956 HYZEM driving cycle, 920 Injection timing system, 537
homogeneous self-ignition, 928 Injection valve, 537
Homogenous Charge Compressed Inlet closes, 434
Ignition, 928 I Inlet opens, 434
Honda IMA concept, 1034 Icing, 523 Inlet timing, 231, 449
Honda MMC process, 122 Idle revolutions, 520 Inlet valve, 138
Honeycomb cooler, 3 Idle-speed control, 724 Inline engine, 3, 12
Honeycomb stopper, 277 Idle-speed control in SI engines, 724 Inline filter, 867
Hooke’s Law, 287 Idling air nozzle, 517 Inline fuel injection pumps, 539
Horizontal draft carburetor, 518 Idling fuel consumption, 921 Inner contour
Hot cooling, 1063 Idling nozzle, 517 profiled cavity, 232
Hot driving, 832 Idling rpm control, 523 Input inertance, 948
Hot gas generator, 508 Ignitability, 816 Insert, 276
Hot gas simulation, 291 Ignition, 569, 609 Insertion insulation increment, 947
Hot operation, 522 Ignition coil, 571 Insert technique, 120, 121
Hot water corrosion, 861 Ignition delay, 580 In-situ exhaust measurement, 749
Housing-type fuel filter, 868 Ignition delay time, 594 In-situ measuring technology, 805
HTD profile, 244 Ignition jet method, 622 Installation space, 803
HTHS, 849 Ignition lag, 609, 816, 817 Installation thickness, 277
HVOF layers, 108 Ignition map, 32 Installed flexure tension, 106
Hybrid Ignition pressure, 275 Installing in the Cylinder Head, 202
Parallel, 1030, 1031 Ignition system, 12, 930 Insufficient lubrication, 229, 868
Series, 1030, 1031 Ignition systems alternative, 572 Insulation, 947
Hybrid battery, 703 ILSAC certification, 852 Intake Air Duct, 518
Hybrid concept, 934 Immersion lubrication, 4 Intake air volumetric flow
Hybrid drive system, 983, 1029, 1030, Impaction, 794 measurement, 965
1039 Impact load damping, 724, 725 Intake manifold, 950
Fuel consumption, 1016 Impregnating agent, 867 Intake manifold charging model, 681
power-split, 987 Impression of comfort, 959 Intake manifold injection, 11, 895
Power-split, 1031 Impulse counting procedure, 963 Intake manifold injection systems,
Hybrid engine, 10 Impulse turbocharger valve, 479 523
Hybrid propulsion system, 703 Inclusion, 188 Intake manifold pipe
Hybrid vehicle, 934, 1030 Increase variables, 428
Hydraulic element, 167 azeotropic, 825 Intake manifold pipe cross section,
Hydraulic pump, 952 Indexing method, 391 428
Hydraulic tappet, 466 Individual Pump Systems with a Intake manifold pipe length, 428
Hydraulic valve, 451 Line, 538 Intake muffler, 950
Hydraulic valve clearance Individual valve system, 147 Intake opening, 269
compensation element (HVA), Intake opening noise, 949
227 Intake port variant, 142
Noise radiation, 947, 950, 953 Oil pump, 202, 933 Oxygen compound, 839
Noise reduction, 952 Oil requirement, 143 Oxygen storage unit, 762
Noise-reduction provisions, 950 Oil separation rate, 230
Noise source, 949 Oil slotted ring, 103
Noise suppression, 803 Oil stripping system P
Noncombusted, 43 three-part, 104 Package model, 602
Nonferrous-metal deactivator, 847 Olefin, 824 Panel resonator, 951
Nonslip condition, 804 Olefin content, 834 Panic valve, 209
Non-woven cotton fabric, 950 On-board power supply, 921 Paraffin, 824
Non-woven fiber fabric, 951 Opacity measurement, 975 Parallel crank gear, 80
Normal balance, 67 Open-deck design, 120 Parallel hybrid, 703, 1031
NOx Adsorber, 786 Opening characteristic, 465, 1082 Parameter
NOx emission, 30, 31 Opening ramp, 234 fractal , 790
Noxious diesel, 782 Opening stress, 106 psycho-acoustic, 957
NOx reduction, 767 Opening time variation, 453 Partial flow dilution system, 974
NOx storability, 770 Operating characteristics, 15 Partial load, 78, 433
NOx storage catalytic converter, 769, Operating map, 28 Partial load mode, 425
927 Operating optimum, 938 Partial-load range, 931
Nozzle carburetor, 3 Operating point, 494 Partial lubrication, 842
Nozzle-holder assembly, 554 Operating point shift, 80, 922, 923 Particle concentration, 866
Nozzle-holder combination, 555 Operating principle, 11 Particle definition, 789
Nozzle-hole cross section Operating strategy, 1014 Particle erosion, 866
geometrical, 556 engine, 28 Particle filter
Nozzle hole diameter, 534 Operating time difference, 63 catalytic, 808
Nozzle needle Operational strength, 881, 886 Particle filter regeneration, 724
conical, 517 Operational strength calculation, 879 Particle Filters, 788
Nozzle-needle stroke, 555 Operational vibration analysis, 956 Particle mass, 818
Nozzles, 519 Opposed piston uniflow scavenging, Particle measuring technology, 805
NSU Spider, 382 441 Particle property, 789
NTC, 593 Optimization of geometry, 879, 1093 Particles, 788
Optimization procedure, 877 Particulate emission, 32
Order, 947, 954 Particulate formation, 32
O Order curve, 955 Particulate measurement, 974
OBD II legislation, 731 Origin, 818 PASS, 975
OCPTM-air injector, 528 OSEK operating system, 677 Passage of dust, 863
OCPTM injector, 528 Otto Passenger car fuel-cell drive system,
Octane number, 590, 824, 829 Nikolaus August, 1 1043
Octane number requirement, 830 Outlet timing, 231 Passenger cars, 1053
Odor improvers, 820 Output maximum, 18 Past
OEM, 851 Ovality, 106 accelerating, 272
Offset limit, 299 Oval sprocket, 247 Patent application, 447
Offsetting, 85 Oval sprocket technology, 247 Peak-and-hold, 669
OHC, 6, 225, 226 Overall acoustic level, 272, 946 Peak combustion temperature, 728
O–H–C-balance, 35 Overall efficiency, 921 Peak pressure, 16
OHC equilibrium, 43 Overall process analysis, 891 PEM, 1042, 1048
OHC-System, 592 Overall transmission ratio, 924, 937 PEM fuel cell, 1042, 1048
OHV, 6, 226, 231 Overdrive, 924 PEM fuel cell stack, 1043
Oil Overhang, 256 Pencil coils, 572
naphtene-based, 844 Overhead camshaft, 225 Pencil stream valve, 532
paraffin-based, 844 Overhead valve = OHV, 164 Pendulum-slider pump, 207
Oil carbonization, 86 Overhead valves = OHV, 225 Penetration, 796
Oil consumption, 143, 411, 969 Overlapping, 449 Performance
Oil consumption measurement Overlay effective, 415, 487
technology, 968 electroplated , 261 Performance class, 850
Oil control ring, 85, 103 sputtered , 262 Performance increase, 237
Oil cooling, 741 Overrun, 523 Performance test, 804
Oil dilution, 857 Overrun fuel cut-off, 522 Permanently-excited synchronous
Oil feed geometry, 256 Overrunning, 536 motor, 706
Oil mist separation Overshooting, 188 Phase diagram, 72
integrated, 230 Overspeed design, 937 Phase direction diagram, 75
Oil oxidation, 847 Oxidation catalytic converter, 799 Phase rotation angle, 225
Oil pan, 950 Oxidation catalytic converters, 818 Phases of the spark, 569
Oil pan fixing bolt, 292 Oxidation inhibitor, 847 Phasing, 462, 463
Oil pan screw, 297 Oxygen, 1043 Phlegmatization, 1016
Oil program, 815, 826 Phosphating, 92
PVD layer, 108 Reformate, 824 Roller cam follower, 166, 234, 236, 421,
PVD process, 261 Regeneration, 796 455, 456, 463
Regeneration additives, 798 Roller cam follower design, 455
Regeneration aids, 820 Roller chain, 240
Q Regeneration help, 797 Roller lever, 234
Quadrocyclane, 841 Regeneration process, 797 Roller tappet, 234
Quality agreement, 298 Regenerative braking, 985, 1030, 1039 switchable, 170
Quality assurance, 152 Regulating principle, 208 Roller test bench, 962
Quality control, 13, 927 Regulating pump, 211 Rolling bearing, 230
Quantity balance, 45 Regulation circuit, 237 Rolling circle, 383
Quantity control, 13, 78 Relaxation, 278 Rolling contact, 225, 228, 229, 232, 235,
Quantity of heat Reluctance machine, 993, 1037 236
removed, 36 Reluctance motor Rolling fatigue strength, 225
Quick start glow system, 583 Switched, 1037 Rolling resistance, 918, 920, 921
Removal efficiency, 866 RON, 829
Repeatability, 961, 968 Roots blower, 4
R Replacement component, 824 Rotary axis, 383
Racing fuel, 840 Reproduction reaction, 592 Rotary compressor, 444
Radial bearing, 252 Required Ignition Voltage, 575 Rotary-disk valve, 416
Radial Compressor, 488 Requirement, 735 Rotary displacer engine, 9
Radial force, 55 Requirement-Based Energy Rotary piston engine, 6, 10, 382, 384
Radial force characteristic, 56 Management, 1055 Rotary piston engines, 3
Radial piston distributor pump, 543 Residual compressive force, 189 Rotating body, 383
Radial piston pump, 543 Residual exciter moment curve, 74 Rotational irregularity, 952
Radial pressure distribution, 106 Residual exhaust gas, 40, 43 Rotational oscillation, 72
Radiator protector, 739 Residual gas scavenging, 480 Rotational oscillation damper, 77
Radius roller, 163 Residue, 797 Rotational oscillation state, 76
Rail, 547 Resistance characteristic curve, 511, Rotational oscillation system, 72
Ram induction turbocharging, 489 512 Rotation angle technique, 296
Ramp, 234 Resistance to thermal shock, 148 Rotation-controlled tightening, 299
Ramp function, 686 Resonance, 954 Rotor, 385
Ram tube charging, 270, 426 Resonance charging, 426, 428 Rotor-type pump, 10
Range extender, 1025 Resonance oscillation, 626 Roughness, 952, 957
Rape methyl ester, 1029 Resonator, 270 Round filter element, 866
Rapeseed oil, 814, 821 Response, 924 RSG, 251
Rate of deposition, 796 Response Behavior, 498 Rubber vibration damper, 77
Reaction kinetics, 35 Response time, 801 Run-down ramp, 226
Reaction mechanism, 35, 752 Restricted exhaust component Running-resistance curve, 27
Reaction speed, 45 diesel engine, 755 Running surface coating, 107
Reaction torque, 56 gasoline engine, 753 Run-up ramp, 226
Reaction work Return rail, 156 RVP = Reid Vapor Pressure, 833
reversible, 42 Reversed head scavenging, 441 RX 400 h, 1032, 1034
Recharging effect, 428 Reynold’s number, 516
Reciprocating displacer engine, 9 Rib and pipe system, 737
Reciprocating piston compressor, 443 Ring break, 107 S
Reciprocating piston engine, 10 Ring carrier, 87 SAE range, 844
classification, 10 Ring carrier material, 89 SAE viscosity class, 848
Recovered alloy, 147 Ring carrier piston, 89 Safety factor, 887
Rectangular filter, 866 Ring gap, 106, 107 Safety strategy, 692
Rectangular ring, 102 Ring set, 104 Sampling, 805
Recuperation, 703 Ring type, 103 Sand-casting process, 122, 148
Reducing agent, 818 Ring with inner chamfer, 102 Sauter mean diameter, 528
Reducing friction loss, 1062, 1063 Ring with inner shoulder, 102 Scales;Turbulent, 596
Reduction in pollutants Rise in viscosity, 844, 856 Scattered light measurement, 976
Diesel engine, 758 RME, 1030 Scavenging, 439
Reduction of friction, 922 Ro 80, 382 Scavenging air supply, 443
Reduction of fuel consumption, 931, Road-surface/tire noise, 949 Scavenging blowers, 443
941 Rocker arm, 164, 166, 225, 417, 420, Schnürle reverse or loop scavenging,
Reduction of Mass, 232 457, 463 4
Reed valve, 442 Rocker arm actuation, 156 SCR catalytic converter, 818
Reed valve control, 442 Rocker arm components, 453 active, 769
Reference fuel i-octane, 829 Rocker arm module, 454 SCR catalytic converters, 818
Reference fuel n-heptane, 829 Rocker lever valve train, 167 passive, 768
Reflection-type muffler, 430 Rod force, 54, 55 Screaming noise, 953
Reflection-type sound damper, 430 Roller bearing steel, 232
Dr.-Ing. E .h. Richard consumed 20 % less fuel than its predecessor as a chamber
van Basshuysen, VDI, diesel engine and is an engine with high performance and
wa s b or n i n 1932 i n very high torque, it has succeeded worldwide. In Europe, its
Bingen/Rhein, Germany. market share has grown from approximately 12 % in 1989 to
Fol low i ng vo cat ion a l about 50 % in just over a decade.
training with examina- Following his active career in the automotive sector, Richard
tion as a car mechanic, he van Basshuysen founded an engineering consultancy firm in
studied at the technical 1992 that he still manages. For twenty years, he was the publisher
college Braunschweig/ of the internationally-distinguished ATZ (Automobiltechnische
Wolfenbüttel from 1953 to Zeitschrift) and MTZ (Motortechnische Zeitschrift) technical/
1955 and obtained a degree scientific professional journals. He consults for international
as a mechanical engineer. automotive manufacturers and engineering service providers
In 1982, he was granted the and is author and publisher of technical /scientific textbooks
degree “Diplom-Ingenieur.” which have been translated into English and Chinese. Since
Between 1955 and 1965, 2006, he and Prof. Dr. Ing. Fred Schäfer have been publishers
he worked as a research associate for Aral AG in Bochum. In 1965, and co-authors of www.motorlexikon.de. In addition, he was
he joined NSU AG where he was employed on test management council member and board member on various bodies such as
for engine and transmission development, including Wankel the German Association of Engineers (VDI) and the Austrian
engine development, and was appointed deputy manager Association for motor vehicle engineering. He is author and
of vehicle testing. In this capacity, he was co-responsible for co-author of more than 60 technical/scientific publications.
the development of the Prinz 4, NSU 1000 and 1200, RO 80 For his development of the pioneering diesel engine with
and K 70 cars. In 1969, NSU AG was taken over by what is direct injection, in 2001 he was awarded the prestigious Ernst-
today, Audi AG. As the development manager at Audi AG, Blickle-Preis 2000 and the BENZ-DAIMLER-MAYBACH medal
he established the V8/A8 vehicle comfort class, became the of honor of the VDI for “his outstanding engineering work
manager responsible for engine and transmission development in the development of the passenger car diesel engine with
and, at the same time, the member of the Supervisory Board direct injection and his long-lasting commitment as publisher
as the elected representative of the executive employees. His of ATZ/MTZ and member of the council of the VDI society
most important development was the worldwide first exhaust- vehicle and traffic engineering.” In 2004, the University of
purified diesel engine in a passenger car with direct injection Magdeburg awarded him an honorary doctorate for his
and turbocharging which he pushed against major opposition lifetime achievements.
within the company and the VW group. Because this engine
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fred Schäfer ten years with the company were principal group leader for
was born in 1948 in Neuwied engine testing and manager of the engine design department,
a m R hei n, G er m a ny. In 1990, he was appointed professor for motors and machine
After vocational training at the then technical college in Iserlohn which is now a part
as a machine builder, of the technical college Südwestfalen located in Iserlohn. One
he studied mechanical of his responsibilities was the management of the laboratory
engineering at the State for combustion engines and turbo-engines. Prof. Dr.-Ing.
School of Engineering in Schäfer was active in many bodies of the college, including
Koblenz. Following this, the college senate. In his function as vice dean for teaching
he completed a course of and research, he was a member of the management commit-
studies at the University tee of the mechanical engineering department. Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Kaiserslautern in the subject Schäfer is also active in freelance research and development
of motors and machines and in engine technology.
was granted the “Dipl.-Ing.” Amongst other things, he and Dr. van Basshuysen have
degree. He received the been the publishers of the “Shell-Lexikon Verbrennungsmotor”
Dr.-Ing. from the Institute for Motors and Machines at the magazine supplement until 2003, which was published in 2004
University Kaiserslautern upon submission of his thesis on as a book with the title “Lexikon Motorentechnik.” He and
“Reaction-kinetic examinations of the hydrogen/methanol Dr.-Ing. E.h. van Basshuysen are co-publishers and co-authors
combustion in a spark-ignition engine.” His ongoing career led of www.motorlexikon.de and the “Internal combustion engine
him to Audi AG in Neckarsulm, where he began as assistant handbook.” Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fred Schäfer is a long-standing
to the development manager. Subsequent positions during his member of the VDI and SAE.