September 2, 2015

4G Americas’ Vision for the Americas:

5G Spectrum Recommendations

Vicki Livingston Chris Pearson Anders Svensson Reza Arefi

Head of President Principal Solution Director of
Communications Manager Spectrum Strategy
Moderator
The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of 4G Americas and do not necessarily reflect official policies or positions of Intel Corporation or Ericsson Inc.
 5G Week with 4G Americas

5G
Spectrum
Recommendations
Wednesday, September 2

Chris Pearson, 4G Americas

Reza Arefi, Intel
Anders Svensson, Ericsson 2015
 4G Americas Board of Governors
MISSION: 4G Americas will advocate for and foster the advancement and full
capabilities of LTE mobile broadband technologies, including LTE-Advanced and
beyond to 5G, throughout the ecosystem’s networks, services, applications and
wirelessly connected devices in the Americas.

www.4gamericas.org

The Voice of 5G for the Americas

 Spectrum is Essential
"It's the wireless information
highway; we need the asphalt for
that highway."
Tom Wheeler, FCC Chairman, 2014

“Spectrum is the oxygen of the

wireless world.”

Julius Genachowski, FCC chairman, 2009

5
 Mobile Data Demand
90% of the world’s population
over 6 years old will have a mobile
phone by 2020 -Ericsson

Subscriptions/lines, subscribers (billion)

Source: Ericsson Mobility Report, June 2015

6
 August 3, 2015

by: Tom Wheeler, FCC Chairman

Leading towards Next Generation "5G" Mobile Services

…The Commission took the first step in the fall of 2014 when it adopted
a Notice of Inquiry asking about expanded wireless use of higher-
frequency bands. We expect to follow up in the Notice of Inquire and
issue a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) on the use of higher-
frequency bands for mobile and other uses this year…

…The NPRM will focus on developing a flexible regulatory framework

that will allow maximum use of higher-frequency bands by a wide variety
of providers…

…In addition, as an implementation of existing flexible rules, I foresee

lower-frequency bands playing a role in 5G. For example, the timing of
the incentive auction makes the 600 MHz band a prime candidate for
deployment of a wide-area 5G coverage layer. In much the same way
that 700 MHz paved the way for America’s world-leading deployment of
4G, so could 600 MHz accelerate U.S. deployment of 5G. …

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 350 MHz More Spectrum by 2020

CTIA estimates a
six-fold increase in
mobile data traffic
by 2019!
It takes on average
13 years
to reallocate and deploy spectrum
for wireless services.
8 Source: From Proposal to Deployment, The History of Spectrum Allocation Timelines, CTIA, 2015
What is 5G?

Anders
Svensson
Principal Solution Manager
 5G
The upcoming fifth-generation wireless
broadband technology
enabling industry and society transformation
to leverage the power of connectivity.

10 Source: NGMN, 2014

 5G
will enhance the mobile broadband experience
by providing • better speeds everywhere
• higher capacity density
• lower latencies than 4G

11 Source: NGMN, 2014

 5G
will expand the capabilities to enable new use cases for
Massive Machine-Type and
Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency
communications.

12 Source: NGMN, 2014

 5G will also increase network
expandability up to hundreds of
thousands of connections.

13 Source: NGMN, 2014

 What is 5G?

Gigabytes in a second
3D video, UHD screens

Work and play in the cloud

Smart Home/Building
Augmented reality
Industry automation
Mission critical
Voice
application
Smart City
Self Driving Car

14 Source: Rec. ITU-R M.[IMT.VISION]

 Why is 5G spectrum important in 2015?

Increasing mobile New

broadband Technologies
demand

Information Technology
Smartphones
Triangle
Vertical Industries of
Needs
Use
Spectrum
Spectrum Shortage Cases

• Identification of spectrum relies on regulators’ cooperation and

guidance in the WRCs in the years 2015 (WRC-15) and 2019 (WRC-19)
• WRC-15 should decide which 5G spectrum will be studied and
considered for identification at WRC-19

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 5G Considerations – An Overview
• 5G is coming!
 5G applications and usage scenarios are envisioned
 ITU-R administrations have agreed on a timeline for IMT-2020
 Industry is preparing for specifications, prototypes and trials

• Spectrum needs of 5G must also be addressed as the

vehicle to deliver various 5G applications and use cases
 Technological advancements enabling access to cm/mm-bands
bands in support of applications requiring large contiguous
channels
 Access to more low frequency spectrum in support of 5G
applications requiring wide coverage areas

• Identification of sufficient and adequate spectrum relies

on regulators’ cooperation
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Reza Arefi
Director of
Spectrum Strategy
 Applications Driving Spectrum

Usage
High Level Spectrum
Scenarios Requirements
(Applications)
Needs

• High-level requirements • Methodology for arriving at

identified and spectrum
implications described
– 5G applications have
different spectrum
requirements in terms of
frequency range (low,
high) and size (wide, ultra-
wide)
spectrum needs requires
consideration of:
– Multi-operator deployment
environments, inter- and intra-
network interference
considerations, guardbands, etc.
– Frequency reuse and need for
multiple carriers
– Radio interface capabilities

Variety of spectrum is needed for different use cases

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 Spectrum-Related Implications of 5G Requirements
High-level Requirement
Ultra-high speed radio links
High speed radio links
Support for low to high-Doppler
environment
Ultra-low latency
Low latency
Ultra-high reliability radio links
High reliability radio links
Short range
Long range
Ground/obstacle penetration
Operation in cluttered
environment
Operation near fast moving
obstacles
Mesh networking
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Potential Spectrum-Related Implications
Ultra-wide carrier bandwidths, e.g. 500 MHz
Multi-gigabit front haul/backhaul
Wide carrier bandwidths, e.g. 100 MHz
Gigabit fronthaul/backhaul
Depends on the throughput requirement
Short range implications
Mid-short range implications
Severe impact of rain and other atmospheric effects on link availability in
higher frequencies, e.g. mm-wave, for outdoor operations
Impact of rain and other atmospheric effects on link availability in higher
frequencies, e.g. mm-wave, for outdoor operations
Higher frequencies, e.g. mm-wave
Lower frequencies, e.g. sub-3 GHz
Lower frequencies, e.g. sub-1 GHz
Diffraction dominated environment in lower frequencies
Reflection dominated environment in higher frequencies
Frequency-selective fading channels
High-speed distributed wireless backhaul operating in-band or out-of-
band
 Access to Variety of Spectrum
Lower Frequency Bands Higher Frequency Bands
(< 6 GHz) (>6 GHz)

• Lower bands provide better

coverage through and
around obstacles and
flexible transition from 4G to
5G.
• Continued growth of data
and video demands more
spectrum.
• Additional spectrum 389-
1009 MHz needed by 2020,
according to ITU-R
• New technologies enable
use of higher bands
• Below 30 GHz important for
propagation/RF and above
30 GHz easier access to
wider channels
• Several hundred MHz per
operator (multi-operator)

Having access to a variety of spectrum bands in support

20 of all applications is key to success of 5G
 Status of Public Proposals for 5G Spectrum Bands Worldwide
Country Status/Frequency Ranges Notes
Supports WRC-19 agenda item to consider higher bands from among mobile
Proposal submitted to APG July 2015 (see
Australia bands. Proposed: 10-10.6, 21.4-23.6, 25.25-27, 31-31.3, 31.8-33.4, 37-40,
note 1).
40.5-47, 50.4-52.6, 59.3076, 81-86 GHz
Supports WRC-19 agenda item - no specific proposal is publicly presented Current ranges expressed (May 2015):
China
at this stage. 25-30, 40-50, 71-76, 81-86 GHz.
Supports WRC-19 agenda item looking for IMT spectrum between 6 GHz Proposal submitted to CPG.
Finland and 100 GHz. Proposed: 8.5-10.6, 13.4-15.2, 15.7-17.3, 19.7-21.2, 24-27.5, CPG September 2015 will finalize regional
30-31.3, 33.4-36, 37-52.6, 59.3-76, 81-86, 92-100 GHz. views.
No specific ranges publicly mentioned. Supports a new agenda item to
Initial expression of ranges (2014): 14, 28,
Japan consider identification of frequency bands for IMT in higher frequency ranges
40, 48, 70, 80 GHz
for WRC-19.
Supports a future agenda to support wide and contiguous spectrum in the
Proposal submitted to APG July 2015 (see
Korea frequency bands below. Proposed: 27.5-29.6, 31.8-33.4, 37-42.5, 45.5-50.2,
note 1).
50.4-52.6, 66-74 GHz.
Supports a new agenda item in the range 5925 MHz to 100 GHz from
among mobile and fixed bands. Proposed: 5.925-7.025, 7.235-7.25, 7.750- Proposal submitted to CPG.
Sweden 8.025, 10-10.45, 10.5-10.68, 12.75-13.25, 14.3-15.35, 17.7-19.7, 21.4-23.6, CPG September 2015 will finalize regional
24.25-29.5, 31-31.3, 32.3-33.4, 38-47, 47.2-50.2, 50.4-52.6, 55.78-76, 81-86 views.
GHz.
Supports a future agenda item for ‘IMT above 6 GHz’ focussed on number of Seeking comments, Proposal to CPG.
United
identified bands: 10.125-10.225 GHz / 10.475-10.575 GHz; 31.8-33.4 GHz; CPG September 2015 will finalize regional
Kingdom
40.5-43.5 GHz; 45.5-48.9 GHz; and 66-71 GHz. views.
FCC NOI Seeking comments on 24.25-24.45
The United States has decided on proposing the following ranges to be GHz and 25.05-25.25 GHz, 27.5-28.35 GHz,
United studied for consideration at WRC-19. 29.1-29.25 GHz and 31-31.3 GHz, 37.0-38.6
States 27.5-29.5 GHz, 37-40.5 GHz, 47.2-50.2 GHz, 50.4-52.6 GHz, and 59.3-71 GHz, 38.6-40 GHz, 42.0-42.5 GHz, 57-64
GHz. GHz, 64-71 GHz, 71-76 GHz and 81-86
GHz.
Note 1: APG July 2015 agreed on the following ranges: 25.25-25.5, 31.8-33.4, 39-47, 47.2-50.2, 50.4-52.6, 66-76, 81-86 GHz.
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 Outcome of the CITEL Meeting – 17-23 August 2015

CITEL PCC.II met the week of 17 August and finalized the Americas
regional positions on WRC-15 agenda items including on 5G spectrum

CITEL agreed on a regional proposal to WRC-15, supported by 10 countries,

to consider studying the following bands for 5G (WRC-19):

10-10.45 GHz 27.5-29.5 GHz 47.2-50.2 GHz

23.15-23.6 GHz 31.8-33 GHz 50.4-52.6 GHz

24.25-27.5 GHz 37-40.5 GHz 59.3-76 GHz

Inclusion of several bands below 30 GHz by the Americas region

strengthens worldwide support, especially for the 28 GHz as one likely
common band between the Americas and certain Region 3
administrations such as Korea, Japan, and China
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U.S. Current and Future Spectrum Allocations
Amount of
Frequency Band Comments
Spectrum
700 MHz 70 MHz Ultra-High Frequency (UHF)
850 MHz 64 MHz Cellular and Specialized Mobile Radio
1.7/2.1 GHz 90 MHz Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)-1
1695-1710 MHz
1755 to 1780 MHz 65 MHz AWS-3. Uses spectrum sharing
2155 to 2180 MHz
1.9 GHz 140 MHz Personal Communications Service (PCS)
2000 to 2020
40 MHz AWS-4 (Previously Mobile Satellite Service)
2180 to 2200 MHz
2.3 GHz 20 MHz Wireless Communications Service (WCS)
Broadband Radio Service / Closer to 160 MHz
2.5 GHz 194 MHz
deployable
FUTURE
600 MHz Up to 120 MHz Incentive auctions
3.55 to 3.70 GHz 150 MHz Small-cell band with spectrum sharing
5 GHz 195 MHz Unlicensed band

Above 6 GHz Multi GHz See slide 7, FCC Chairman’s blog of August 3, 2015

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U.S. Spectrum Recommendations

The United States has

decided on proposing the
27.5-29.5 GHz
following ranges to be
studied for consideration at
WRC-19 (overlaps with 37-40.5 GHz
Regional CITEL proposal):

47.2-50.2 GHz

50.4-52.6 GHz

59.3-71 GHz
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Regional/Global Harmonization
• As 5G will move to inclusion of a larger set of bands, global
harmonization becomes essential in the success of 5G as it
reduces:
– Device/deployment complexity
– Cost to consumers through economies of scale

• International/regional regulatory groups (ITU-R, CITEL, etc.)

could play a significant role now by agreeing on:
– An agenda item for WRC-19 on 5G spectrum
– Studies of a range of frequencies from which a set of globally
harmonized bands could be identified for 5G
– Consideration of bands that could accommodate various 5G use
cases/applications

• The FCC role in helping the region becoming the leader in 5G:
– Remain engaged with industry (e.g. workshops)
– Work on service rules and licensing options for potential 5G bands (NPRM)
– Active support in WRC-15/19 discussions
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 Licensing Aspects of 5G Spectrum
Licensed Shared Unlicensed
• Regulator • Shared with • No registration or
granting exclusive incumbents individual
right to an permission
operator • Coordinated
access • Rules
• Provides reliable, when/where not established to
secured spectrum used by avoid
for predictable incumbents. interference
quality/capacity
• Facilitates timely • Complement for
• Critical part of 5G access to 5G, e.g. in small
deployments spectrum in cell deployment
shared bands

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All licensing schemes have a role to play in 5G!
 Solutions to Enable Access to New Spectrum
Protection of incumbents
 Studies using realistic models and parameters
 Consideration of mitigation techniques such as
sensing, database, beacons, etc.
 Examples of prior experience (e.g. US AWS-3, 3.5 GHz band, etc.)

Propagation-related challenges
 Various impairments and ways to cope with them
are described
 Need for proper channel models stressed

Semiconductor and Antenna technology

 Beamforming and spatial multiplexing techniques
 RFIC and hardware implementation advancements

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Conclusions
A variety of bands is needed to address both coverage
and capacity needs of evolved 4G and 5G systems.

Frequencies beyond those traditionally used for cellular

systems, especially those above 6 GHz are important to
consider.

While the lower frequencies have better propagation

characteristics for better coverage and thus can support
both macro and small cell deployments, higher
frequencies can support wider bandwidth carriers (due to
large spectrum availability at mm-wave bands) for
providing very high peak data rates in specific areas
where traffic demands are very high.
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Conclusions
As 4G systems evolve and 5G systems develop over time,
mobile spectrum bands below 6 GHz will be valuable to
allow the smooth migration from 4G LTE usage to 5G.

Despite challenges, the mobile industry is capable of

extending mobile services into spectrum bands in the
range above 6 GHz.

Action is needed by regulators to ensure that new

spectrum needs are addressed for the evolution of 4G
and, to address societal needs and for the timely
introduction of 5G, to identify new spectrum ranges to be
studied in ITU-R.
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 September 2, 2015
4G Americas’ Vision for the Americas:
5G Spectrum Recommendations

Vicki Livingston Chris Pearson Anders Svensson Reza Arefi

Head of Director of
President Principal Solution
Communications Spectrum
Manager
Moderator Strategy
The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of 4G Americas and do not necessarily reflect official policies or positions of Intel Corporation or Ericsson Inc.
Thank you for attending!