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net

-Å®Ωn-¢Á’-öÀé˙
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’., í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. (L.C.M. & H.C.F.)
e t
. n
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. (L.C.M.): È®çúø’ ™‰ü∆ Åçûª-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ Ææçêu© 鬮Ω-ù«ç鬙x N’éÀ\L *†o-ü∆Eo 'éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.— Åçö«®Ω’.
í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. (H.C.F.): È®çúø’ ™‰ü∆ Åçûª-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ Ææçêu© ¶µ«ï-鬙x N’éÀ\L °ü¿l-ü∆Eo 'í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«.— Åçö«®Ω’.
★ È®çúø’ Ææçêu© ©•l¥ç = Ç È®çúø’ Ææçêu© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. × í∫.≤ƒ¶µ«.
h a
★ È®çúø’ Ææ£æ« v°æüµ∆† Ææçêu© í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. -äéπ-öÀéÀ Ææ´÷†ç.
i b
Gµ†o ®Ω÷°æç™:
(i) éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 
©¢√© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.
a t
£æ…®√© í∫≤ƒ¶µ«
(ii) í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. = 
©¢√© í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«.
p r
£æ…®√© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.
ÉN È®çúø’ ®Ω鬩’: (1) 鬮Ωù«ç鬩 °æü¿l¥A
d u
n a
(2) ¶µ«í∫-£æ…®Ω °æü¿l¥A

.e e
Öü∆: 24, 36 © éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’., í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ« (鬮Ω-ù«çéπ °æü¿l¥-A™)
≤ƒüµ¿†: 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 23 × 31

w w
36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 32
e t
w éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 23 × 32

. n
í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. = 31 × 22

h a
1.
´÷CJ v°æ¨¡o©’
i b
à éπE≠æe Ææçêu†’ È®öÀdç°æ¤ îËÊÆh, ü∆Eo 12, 18, 21, 30 ©ûÓ E¨Ïz-≠æçí¬ ¶µ«Tça?
á) 196 G) 630
a Æœ) 1260t úÕ) 2520
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’í¬ éπE≠æe Åçõ‰ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’éÓ\¢√L.
p r
3 12, 18, 21, 30
2 4, 6, 7, 10
d u
n
2, 3, 7, 5 a
e e
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.

.
= 3 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 5 = 1260.
1260

ww
鬢√-Lq† éπE≠æe Ææçêu =  = 630
2
(... 630 E È®öÀdç°æ¤ îËÊÆh 1260 Å´¤-ûª’çC.)

2.
w
ï¢√•’: G
Ç®Ω’ ÅçÈé© *†o Ææçêu†’ 4, 6, 10, 15 ©ûÓ ¶µ«TÊÆh v°æA ü∆E™ ¨Ï≠æç 2 ´Ææ’hçC. Å®·ûË Ç Ææçêu-™E ÅçÈé©
¢Á·ûªhç áçûª?
á) 3 G) 4 Æœ) 5 úÕ) 6
R-17-9-16
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≤ƒüµ¿†: Ç®Ω’ ÅçÈé© *†o Ææçêu = 100000
´·çü¿’ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’-éÓ\-¢√L.
5 4, 6, 10, 15
3 4, 6, 2, 3
e t
2 4, 2, 2, 1

. n
2, 1, 1
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 5 × 3 × 2 × 2 = 60
h a
É°æ¤púø’ É*a† Ææçêu†’ 60ûÓ ¶µ«Tçî√L.
i b
60) 100000 (1666
60
a t

400
360
p r

400
360

d u
400
360

n a
40

.e e
Ñ ¨Ï≥ƒEo éπ.≤ƒ.-í∫’.™ †’ç* BÆœ-¢Ë-ߪ÷L.

w
60 − 40 = 20

w e t
w ∴ 鬢√-Lq† Ææçêu = 100000 + 20 = 100020
v°æA ü∆E™ ¨Ï≠æç 2 Åçõ‰
. n
= 100020 + 2 = 100022
h a
∴ ÅçÈé-™E Ææçêu© ¢Á·ûªhç =1+0+0+0+2+2=5

i b
ï¢√•’: Æœ
3. 16, 20, 24 ©ûÓ
a t
r
¶µ«Tç-îª-í∫© éπE≠æe ´®Ω_ç áçûª?
á) 1600 G) 3600

u p Æœ) 6400 úÕ) 14400

d
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’ éπE≠æe Åçõ‰ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’éÓ\¢√L.
2 16, 20, 24
2 8, 10, 12
n a
2 4, 5, 6

.e e
2, 5, 3

w
í∫’ùÀç-î√L. ww
éπ.≤ƒ.-í∫’. = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 ×

∴ éπE≠æe ´®Ω_ç = 240 × 15 = 3600

3 = 240 ûª®√yûª 鬮Ω-ù«ç-é¬-©†’ ïûª-©’í¬ îËÆœ äçôJ ¢√öÀE éπ.≤ƒ.-í∫’.-ûÓ

ï¢√•’: G

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4. 43, 91, 183 ©†’ à í∫J≠æe ÆæçêuûÓ ¶µ«TÊÆh ÅEoç-öÀ™ Ææ´÷† ¨Ï≠æç ´Ææ’hçC?
á) 4 G) 7 Æœ) 9 úÕ) 13
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’í¬ Â°ü¿l Ææçêu© †’ç* *†o Ææçêu-©†’ BÆœ í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. îËߪ÷L.
183 − 91 = 92; 183 − 43 = 140
e t
91 − 43 = 48

. n
48 140 2
96
h a
44 48 1
44
i b
(4) 44 11

a t
44
(0)
p r
∴ í∫J≠æe Ææçêu = 4 Å´¤-ûª’çC.

d u
ï¢√•’: á
5.
n a
e
éπE≠æe Ææçêu àC?

w.e
I) 24, 36, 40 ©ûÓ ¶µ«Tçîªí∫©
II) 12, 15, 20, 54 ©ûÓ ¶µ«TÊÆh 8 ¨Ï≠æç ´îËa
A) 548
B) 1015

t
w w
III) 7 BÆœ¢ËÊÆh 12, 16, 18, 21, 28 ©ûÓ ¶µ«Tç-îª-í∫© Ææç-êu
á) I-C, II-A, III-B
C) 360
G) I-A, II-C, III-B
n e
Æœ) I-B, II-C, III-A úÕ) I-C, II-B, III-A
a .
≤ƒüµ¿†: (i) éπE≠æe Ææçêu
b h
2 24, 36, 40
2 12, 18, 20
t i
2 6, 9, 10
r a
3 3, 9, 5

u p
∴
1, 3, 5

a d
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 360

e n
(ii) ´·çü¿’í¬ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’èπ◊\E -ü∆-EéÀ 8 é𩧃L.

.e
5 12, 15, 20, 54

ww
2 12, 3, 4, 54

w 3 6, 3, 2, 27
2 2, 1, 2, 9
1, 1, 1, 9
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 5 × 2 × 3 × 2 × 9 = 540 + 8 = 548

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(iii) BÆœ¢ËÊÆh Åçõ‰ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. îËÆœ-† ûª®√yûª é𩧃L.
3 12, 16, 18, 21, 28
2
2
4, 16,
2, 8,
6,
3,
7, 28
7, 14
e t
7 1, 4, 3, 7, 7

. n
2 4, 3, 1, 1

h a
2, 3, 1, 1
= 3 × 2 × 2 × 7 × 2 × 2 × 3
i b
t
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.

ï¢√•’: á
= 1008 + 7 = 1015

r a
6.
p
EPaûªç (A): È®çúø’ Ææ£æ« v°æüµ∆† Ææçêu© ©•l¥ç 383. ¢√öÀ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’ áçûª?
u
鬮Ωùç (R): ¢√öÀ í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ« 1 Öçô’çC.

a d
á) (A), (R) ä°æ¤p, (A) éÀ (R) ÆæÈ®j† N´-®Ωù.

e n
G) (A), (R) ä°æ¤p, é¬F (A) éÀ (R) ÆæÈ®j† N´-®Ωù é¬ü¿’.

w.e
Æœ) (A) ä°æ¤p, é¬F (R) ûª°æ¤p.
úÕ) (A) ûª°æ¤p, é¬F (R) ä°æ¤p.
t
w w
≤ƒüµ¿†: È®çúø’ Ææçêu© ©•l¥ç = ¢√öÀ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’ × í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«
n e
383 = x × 1

a .
x = 383

bh
i
ï¢√•’: á
7.
2 3 4 9
 , , , 
3 5 7 13
© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. áçûª?
a t
I) 2, 3, 4, 9 © éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. 36.
p r
II) 3, 5, 7, 13 © í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«. 1.

d u
á) v°æ´-ç I™ É*a† Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç Ææ-J-§Ú-ûª’ç-C.
a
G) v°æ´-ç II™ É*a† Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç Ææ-J-§Ú-ûª’ç-C.
n
.e e
Æœ) v°æ´-îª-Ø√©’ I, II È®çúÕç-öÀ™ É*a† Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç Ææ-J-§Ú-ûª’ç-C.
úÕ) v°æ´-îª-Ø√©’ I, II È®çúø÷ ÆæJ-§Ú´¤.

ww
≤ƒüµ¿†: éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 
©¢√© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’.

w
£æ…®√© í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«.
2 2, 3, 4, 9
3 1, 3, 2, 9
1, 2, 3
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 2 × 3 × 2 × 3 = 36

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3, 5, 7, 13 v°æüµ∆† Ææçêu© í∫.≤ƒ.-¶µ«. á©x-°æ¤púø’ 1 -Å-´¤-ûª’ç-C.
36
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. =  = 36
1
I & II ÆæO’-éπ-®Ω-ù«© ≤ƒßª’çûÓ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç éπ†’éÓ\´îª’a.
e t
ï¢√•’: Æœ
. n
8. 15, 25, 40, 75 ©ûÓ
á) 9000
¶µ«Tçîªí∫© Ø√©’í∫’ ÅçÈé© í∫J≠æe Ææçêu àC?
G) 9400 Ɯ) 9600
h a 9800

b
úÕ)
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’í¬ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’éÓ\¢√L.
5 15, 25, 40, 75
t i
5 3, 5, 8, 15

r a
3 3, 1, 8, 3

u p
2 1,
2
8, 1
4
a d
e 2
n
w e
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 600
.
600) 9999 (16
t
w w 600

3999
3600
n e

399

a .
-¨Ï-≥ƒ-Eo °ü¿l Ææçêu™ †’ç* BÊÆÊÆh ´’†èπ◊ 鬢√-Lq† Ææçêu ´Ææ’hçC.
∴ 9999 − 399 = 9600
bh
ï¢√•’: Æœ
t i
9. 12, 15, 18 ©ûÓ E¨Ïz≠æçí¬ ¶µ«Tç-îª-í∫© 5 ÅçÈé© éπE≠æe Ææçêu àC?
r a
á) 10010 G) 10015

u p
Æœ) 10020 úÕ) 10080

d
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’í¬ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. éπ†’-éÓ\-¢√L.
3 12, 15, 18
2 4, 5, 6
n a
e e
2, 5, 3

.
ww
éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 180
180) 10000 (55

w 900

1000
900

100
-¨Ï-≥ƒ-Eo éπ.≤ƒ.-í∫’.™ †’ç* BÆœ-¢Ë-ߪ÷L.

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180 − 100 = 80
∴ 鬢√-Lq† Ææçêu = 10000 + 80
= 10080

e t
n
ï¢√•’: úÕ
10. 16, 18, 20, 25 ©ûÓ
á) 17004 G) 18000 Æœ) 18002
a .
¶µ«TÊÆh, 4 ¨Ï≠æç ´îËa, 7ûÓ ¶µ«TÊÆh E¨Ïz≠æçí¬ ¶µ«Tç-îª-í∫© éπE≠æe Ææçêu àC?
úÕ) 18004
≤ƒüµ¿†: ´·çü¿’í¬ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. ™„éÀ\ç-î√L.
b h
2 16, 18, 20, 25

t i
5
2
8, 9, 10, 25
8, 9, 2, 5
r a
4, 9, 1, 5

u p
∴ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. = 3600
∴ 3600†’ 7ûÓ
a d
n
¶µ«Tç-‰ç.

e e
鬕öÀd DEo 3600 $ 5
∴ 18000 + 4 = 18004
.
w w
∴ 鬴-©-Æœ† Ææçêu = 18004

e t
w
ï¢√•’: úÕ

. n
1. 5, 6, 7, 8 ©ûÓ
-Å-¶µ«uÆæ v°æ¨¡o©’
¶µ«Tûª´’-´¤ûª÷ 3 ¨Ï≠æçí¬ ´îËa éπE≠æe Ææçêu àC?
h a
á) 423 G) 843 Æœ) 1683
i b úÕ) 2523
2.
t
EPaûªç (A): È®çúø’ Ææçêu© éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’., í∫.≤ƒ.-¶µ«. -´-®Ω’Ææí¬ 11, 385. -Å®·-ûË Åçü¿’™ äéπ Ææçêu 77 Å´¤-ûª’çC.
a
鬮Ωùç (R): äéπ Ææçêu 75, 125 ´’üµ¿u ÖçC.
á) (A), (R) ä°æ¤p, (A) éÀ (R) ÆæÈ®j† N´-®Ωù.
p r G) (A), (R) ä°æ¤p, é¬F A éÀ (R) é¬F ÆæÈ®j† N´®Ωù é¬ü¿’.
Æœ) (A) ä°æ¤p, é¬F (R) ûª°æ¤p.
d u úÕ) (A) ûª°æ¤p, é¬F (R) ä°æ¤p.
3.
a
È®çúø’ Ææçêu© í∫.≤ƒ.-¶µ«. 8. éÀçC¢√-öÀ™ àC ¢√öÀ éπ.≤ƒ.í∫’. 鬙‰ü¿’?
n
4.
á) 24

.e e G) 48
26, 56, 104, 182 ©ûÓ ¶µ«Tçîªí∫© éπE≠æe Ææçêu áçûª?-
Æœ) 56 úÕ) 60

ww
á) 364 G) 728 Æœ) 758 úÕ) 1092
5.
wÈ®çúø’ Ææçêu© í∫.≤ƒ.¶µ«., éπ.≤ƒ.-í∫’. ´®Ω’-Ææí¬ 15, 225 Åçü¿’™ äéπ Ææçêu 75. Å®·ûË ´’®Ìéπ Ææçêu áçûª?
-á) 105 G) 90
-ï-¢√-•’-©’
Æœ) 60 úÕ) 45

1–G; 2–á; 3–úÕ; 4–G; 5–úÕ.

®Ω-·-ûª: -G-Vb-© -N-≠æflg-´®Ωn-Ø˛ È®-úÕf
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