Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini
biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi
pada saat ini.

Kalimat Kalimat
Rumus Kata Sinyal Kalimat Tanya
Positif Negatif
Does he work
always, every,
Subject + He always He does not very hard in
never, normally,
Verb 1 works very work very the company?
often,
(present hard in the hard in the Yes, he does. /
sometimes,
form) company company. No, he does
usually, seldom
not.

Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang
berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga digunakan
untuk rencana di masa depan.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Is he playing
Subject +
at the moment, Look! He is He is not computer
am/is/are +
just now, now, talking with playing games at the
Verb -ing
right now, his computer moment?
(continuous
Listen!, Look! classmates. games now. Yes, he is. /
form)
No, he is not.

Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini menunjukkan aksi yang
masih sedang berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Has he
completed the
Subject +
arrangement
has/have+ already, ever, He has He has not
for the
Verb III just, never, not already been to
coming event
(past yet, so far, till finished his Australia so
up to now?
participle now, up to now homework. far.
Yes, he
form)
has. / No, he
has not.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah
selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus
berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada
relevansinya dengan kondisi sekarang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + for the past 5 He has been He has not Has he been
HAS/HAVE +years, how long working here been playing the
BEEN + …?, the whole since 1996. speaking for computer
Verb -ing week, since the last 3 game all day?
(continuous xxxx hours. Yes, he has. /
 No, he has
form)
not.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di
masa lampau.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

yesterday, 2 Did he pay the
Last year, he
Subject + minutes ago, in He did not go bill
always
Verb II 1996, last to school yesterday?
worked into
(past form) Thursday, this this morning. Yes, he did. /
night.
morning No, he did not.

Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang
terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua kejadian di masa
lampau dan satu kejadian menginterupsi kejadian yang lain.Kejadian yang sedang
diinterupsi tersebut yang menggunakan past continuous tense.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Was he
writing the
Subject + He was He was not letter to his
WAS/WERE when, while, as speaking doing his parents when
+ Verb -ing long as, at this when I homework at I was out last
(continuous time yesterday entered in this time Tuesday?
form) room. yesterday. Yes, he was. /
No, he was
not.

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi
sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta daripada
durasi.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he
entered the
company
He had
Subject + before He had not before he
finished his
HAD + Verb yesterday, till been a high achieved his
designs
III (past three days ago, school master
before he
participle already, until student until degree in
went to work
form) that day last year. 1990?
yesterday.
Yes, he had. /
No, he had
not.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada
suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan pada durasi
kejadiannya.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Had he been
He was told
Subject + speaking for
that his
HAD + He said that the whole
for, since, the teacher had
BEEN + he had been class before I
whole day, all been waiting
Verb -ing working here entered?
day for him since
(continuous for ten years. Yes, he had. /
2 p.m
form) No, he had
yesterday.
not.

Simple Future Tense

Simple Future tense mengindikasikan suatu aksi di masa yang akan datang dan tidak
dapat dipengaruhi. Dapat juga digunakan untuk pembuatan keputusan di masa depan
yang spontan atau asumsi yang berhubungan dengan masa yang akan
datang. “Will” dan “be going to” merupakan 2 indikator umum pada tenses ini.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative

Negative Question
He will not
play Will he go to
Subject +
He is going to computer the cinema
“WILL/ BE in a year, next
be journalist games tomorrow
GOING TO” …, tomorrow,
after he anymore with us?
+ Verb next week, five
graduate next because he Yes, he will. /
(present days later
year. understand No, he will
form)
how harmful not.
they are.

Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense menunjukkan aksi yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa
yang akan datang dan aksi yang pasti akan terjadi dalam waktu dekat.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

He will not
Subject + He will be
be doing Will he be playing
“WILL/BE delivering the
the task in football next
GOING TO” tomorrow speech to
the office morning in the
+ “BE” + morning, in undergraduat
this playground?
Verb one year es at 3 p.m
afternoon Yes, he will./
(continuou tomorrow
because he No, he will not.
s form) afternoon.
is sick.

Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense menekankan pada aksi yang akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu
di masa yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + by next Monday, He will have He will not Will he have
“WILL in a week finished the have finished finished the
HAVE” + task by next the given task in a
Verb II Monday. task by week?
(past tomorrow Yes, he will./
participle evening. No, he will
form) not.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Hampir sama dengan semua jenis perfect continuous tense, future perfect continuous
tense merupakan serangkaian aksi yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa
yang akan datang.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject +
Will he have
“WILL He will not
He will have been doing the
HAVE have been
for the last been taking research all
BEEN” + doing the
couple of hours, charge of the day long?
Verb III task for the
all day long team for the Yes, he
(past last couple
next hour. will./ No, he
participle of hours.
will not.
form)

Past Future Tense

Past future tense pada dasarnya digunakan dalam kalimat yang tidak
langsung, dimana terdapat perubahan bentuk untuk menyesuaikan dengan rangkaian
peristiwa yang ada.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

He did not
Did you tell him
Subject + He said that promise
when I would
“SHOULD/WOUL he would that he
arrive?
D” + Verb leave in would buy
Yes, I did. / No,
(present form) three days. you a new
I did not.
computer.

Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense menekankan pada serangkaian atau durasi sebuah aksi
terjadi. Sebagai tambahan, ini juga biasanya digunakan pada kalimat tidak langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

I did not tell
Did you say
I made a anyone that I
that you
Subject + promise that would be
would be
“SHOULD/WOU I would be giving a
working hard
LD BE” + Verb doing my speech to
in the next
(continuous homework allundergradua
week? Yes, I
form) day long tes for the
did / No, I
tomorrow. next whole
did not.
morning.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Terdapat 3 waktu dalam past future perfect yang terjadi di masa lalu. Menunjuk
pada waktu yang akan datang, waktu tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi aksi yang terjadi
harus sudah selesai sebelum waktu yang akan datang. Dan biasanya digunakan pada
kalimat tidak langsung.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Subject + He told the He said that Did you say
 that you
he would
students that would have
“SHOULD/WOU not have
they should been a
LD HAVE made such a
have finished doctor in
BEEN” + Verb mistake if
the three years?
III (past he had
homework Yes, I
participle form) taken my
this morning. did / No,
advice.
I did not.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan bentuk tense yang cukup sulit.
Namun, kamu dapat mempelajarinya dari past future perfect tense. Bedanya, past
future perfect tense menekankan pada durasi waktu yang sudah berlalu dan hasil.

Pattern Signal Words Affirmative Negative Question

Would he
have been
I did not
I heard that explaining to
Subject + know that
you should the workers
“SHOULD/WOU he would
have been if he had
LD HAVE have been
teaching made the
BEEN” + Verb working for
here for ten information
(continuous the past
years by this clear?
form) three hours
July. Yes, he would
by that time.
/ No, he
would not.