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Communication Models
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Aristotle (384-322 B.C) was a Greek philosopher and writer born in Stagira,
Northern Greece. He studied physics, logic, mathematics, etc…. While
exploring the human nature scientifically, Aristotle developed a model of
communication known as Aristotle’s Model of Communication. This is
considered as the first model of communication and was proposed before
300 B.C. It is also the most widely accepted among all communication
models.
The speaker must organize the speech beforehand, according to the target
audience and situation (occasion). The speech must be prepared so that
the audience be persuaded or influenced from the speech.
For instance, a politician (speaker) gives a speech to get votes from the
civilians (audience) at the time of election (occasion). The civilians only
vote if they are influenced by the things the politician says in his speech so
the content must be very impressive to influence the mass and the speaker
must design the message very carefully.
The speech must be clear as well as the speaker must have a very
good non-verbal communication with the audience like eye contact. This
example is a classic case of Aristotle Model of Communication depicting all
the elements in the model.
Lasswell Model
Who
Says What
In Which Channel
To Whom
With what effect?
The major criticism of Lasswell’s Model is that it does not include feedback
and it ignores the possibility of noise. Without feedback, a communication
process cannot be fruitful. Lasswell’s model is very linear and does not
consider barriers in the communication process.
The model is also criticized for being very general and only including very
traditional topics. The model is very simplistic. The model is said to be
propaganda based as it is more focused on the resulting outcome and
generally used for media persuasion.
Shanon & Weaver Model of Communication