an ily Designation: C136/C136M - 14 _ ir a Standard Test Method for CONTROLLEY Fo. Ao3Am-934 Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates' sti ep (ace hes be 1. Scope® LAL This test method eovers the size distribution of fine andl cours ronination of the particle regates by sieving, 1.2 Some specilieations for aggregates which reference this lest method contain grading requirements ineluding both ewmane and fine trtetions, Instructions wre included for sieve analysis of such agaregates, 13 Units—The values stated in either SI units oF inch: oun! units are to be reyarcled separately as standard. The values stated in eaeh system may not be exiet equivalents; thereto. each system shall be used independently of the other Combining values trom the ve systems may result in non eonfosinuice with the standard, Not 1--Siove size is Monti by its sand designation i Speci- fcotion 111. The akemtive designation given in pareneses i for iofsnnaton only an cies mt repent dillerent Salad sieve sie Speciieatca 511 cites the Following with reapeet to ST units NerUN inetepuant wits as staan. “The vals sated SE ants shall be ‘cused sundan Tor the imetsons a the eve chth openings an the Wire dianeers se dhe Sieve chat, The valdes aed i incepta tis hal he cousin sta vith vegan a the sve frames. pans dint covers LA This swasuland does nor purport to address all of the if ans I is the responsibilty of the user of this standent to establish appro priate safety and heats practices and determine the applica bitty of safety converns, casseciatedd with tts use. iatory Hinitasions prive to ase. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Stanedands:? 7 Test Method! for Materials Fi Sieve in Minecal As than 75-jun (No. 200) regates by Washing Temmainology Relating to Conerete and Conerete Ag. sce and Cimerne Agate nthe tee ei fSaeoriee upovs! Des. L314, Rubs Fbnaary 2018. Originally ston approved i 2008 C138. DOL Dats feo} ASIM stands, vis the ASTM wei, weveasmrg o cms ASTM Catone Serie ot sticet aan. Foe Hal Bah of STA Staats clan aati. oer to he andr Dono Suma pl on Capyrigh hy AST lt al ih reserved; St Sep 240752. EDT 2015, 1 Dewalt by “er he ie designation CL3/C1 36M: the mabe nmatly Following he designation ines heya the yeu of ast revision A mune in presence he Year ast cipro Wwe i eis ofthe US. Dapurmentof Defente (C637 Specification for Ageregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete (C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Matcrials C702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size D75 Practice for Sampling Agureyates E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves 2.2 AASHTO Standard: AASHTO No. T27Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates” 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology C125, 4. Sumn ry of Test Method 4.1 A sample of dry aggregate of known mass is separated through a seties of sieves of progressively smaller openings for determination of particle size distribution, 5. Significance and Use 5.1 This test method is used primarily 10 determine the ling of materials proposed for use as aggregates or being. used ay aggregates. The resulls are used to determine compli ance of the particle size distribution with applicable specitica- tion requirements and to provide necessary data for control of the production of various aggregate products and mixtures conlaining aggregates. The data may also be useful in devel ‘ping relationships eonceming porosity and packing. 5.2 Accurate determination of material finer than the 75-pim (No. 204) sieve cannot be achieved by use of this test method alone. Test Method C117 for material finer than 75-m sieve by washing should be employed. 53 Refer to methods of sampling and testing in Specitien- tion C637 for beuvyweight agere *Auallable fem American Asan of Se Highvay an Trnspvion ici 44 Nonh Captol SL N-W. Suite 295, Washing DC 2 wey of Changes setion appears atthe end of this standard "sola (Pac pusiut io License Acoma No fr rprotions athe,6. Apparatus Balances or scales used in testing fine and lability and accuracy as Fol- 6.1 Balance course aggregate shall have re: lows: G11 For fine sguregute, meudable to 0.1 g and accurate 10 0.1 g oF 0.1 % of the test loaxl, whichever is grenter, at any point within the eang 6.1.2 For course or mixtures of fine and course gate. readable and accurate 10 U5 g oF 0.1 % of the test loud, whichever is greater at any point within the range of use. 6 frames coustructed in a manner that wi 2 Sieyes—The sieve cloth shall be mounted on sulbstantial prevent loss of ma sieving. The sieve cloth and standard sieve frames shall conform tothe requirements of Specification EL, Nonstandard sieve feames shall conform to the requirements af Specitication [311 as applicable [Nan 210s recommen hat sieves mounted i Frames ly ‘sar 203,2snm fin, dametce Be use oe testng ease a redix the possiblity of overloading the sieves. See 83, 6.3 Mechanical Sieve Shaker—A mechanical sieving device, if used, shall create motion of the sieves to cause the particles 10 hounee. tinble, or otherwise turn so us to present altforent orientations tu the sieving surface, The sieving action shall be such that the criterion for adequacy of sieving cleseribed in 8.4 is met in a ceasonable time period. Nu: 3-Use of mechanival sive shaker is recommended when sire of the sample is 20 reat axl may be used for saller Samples inching ine agsrezae Excessive Gime (more thin approxi ‘nately 10-min) w achieve adequte sieving may resin degradation of the sami, The same mectenical sieve shaker may not be practical for Sizes assnpies, sine te frge sieving aren noe for practical sieving rata srogae very likey could rel in Toss of not sll suple of course aggregate or 64 Oven—An oven of appropriate size capable of maintain. ing a uniform temperature of 110+ § °C [230 * 10 °F} 7. Sampling 7.1 Sample the aggregate in aecorchunee with Practice D7S, The size of the field sunple shall be the quantity shown in 5 or four times the quantity required in 74 and 7.5 except as modified in Practive D) (0), whichever is ater 7.2 ‘Thoroughly mix the sample and reduce it to an amount suitable for testing using the applicable procedures described in Practice C702. The sample for test shall be approximately the quantity desired when dry and shall be the end result of the reduction, Rechction to an exaet predetermined quantity shall not be permitted Now 4—-Where sieve analysis, incline detemninaion of snetsd fincr than ene Tim sieve, is de wy test prop nay he rela in Ue Hel! Yo avoid shipping excessive quantities foetus mae 1 Uae boy 7.3 Fine Aggregate—The size of the test sample, aller dying, shall be 300 msinimunn, 7.4 Coarse Aggregate—The size of the test sample of coarse sate shall conform with the followi (Copyrin by AST In (lights sed: Sa Sap 26075296 EDT 2018 Pad pei by 2 Aly ciseic1z6m - 14 Nomina Maxinu Sze Test Sample Si, ‘square Openings mm (i) kg 25%) vel 12505) 24 1900) si) 2501) 1922) arin 15 (39) oe 20144) 3a) asim 7305) 0 190) 50 3) 10020), 001) $00) 7255) 300 (680) 75 Coarse and Fine Aggregate Mixtuves—The size of the test sumple of coarse and fine aggregate mixtures shall be the sume as for coarse aggregate in 7.4 7.6 Samples of Large Size Coarse Ageregate—The size of sample required for aggregate with S0-mm [2-in.) nominal mm size or larger is such as to preclude convenient sample reduction and testing as a unit except with large ‘mechanical splitters and sieve shakers. As an option when such equipment is not available, instead of combining and mixing sample increments and then reducing the field sample to testing size, conduct the sieve analysis on aumber of approximately equal sample increments ‘such that the total mass tested conforms to the requirement of 7.4 7.7 In the event thatthe amount of material finer than the 75.um (No, 200) sieve is t0 be determined by ‘Test Method CLI, proces as follows 7.7.1 For aggregates with a nominal maximum size of 12.5 mmm (4 in] or less, use the same test sample for testing by Test Method C117 and this test method. First test the sample in acconlance with Test Method C17 through the final crying operation, then dry sieve the sample as stipulated in 8.2 ~ 8.7 ‘of this test method 7.2.2 For aggregates with a nominal maximum size greater than 12.5 mm (2 in. use a single test sample as described in 7.J.1, oF optionally use separate test samples for Test Method CLIT and tis test method 7.1.3 Where the specifications require determination of the total amount of material finer than the 75-ym sieve by washing and dy sieving, use the procedure desciibed in 7.7.1 8. Procedure 8.1. Diy the sample to constant mass at a temperature of 110. +5 °C [230 * 10°F} Nave $—For control purposes. particularly whens epi results are desired its generally nol nceessty to dry coarse agepate forthe seve smalyss test The resus ar lite alfeced by the moisture content unless (1) the namtnal maximum size i smaller than about 12.5 mm in): @) the coarse ageregate contains appreciable material finer th 4.75 mmm (No. 49; oF (2) the course aggregate is highly absocptive (lightweight sggregate, for example). Ako, samples iy be dred at the higher lemperaures essoeated with the use of ol pistes without fecing resalls, provided steam escapes without generating presses sulin to Fracture the particles, and temperatures are not so greta 40 ease henna breakdown of the agarepate, 82 Select sieves with suitable openings to fumish the information required by the specifications covering the mate Fial to be tested. Use additional sieves as desired or necessary to provide other information, such as fineness modulus, or t0 regulate the amount of material on a sieve, Nest the sieves in etic Pele} pursant to Lone Apsenat. No fhe rproitons suber.(lp crseici36m - 14 order of deeressing size of opening from top to bottom and place the sunple on the tap sieve, Agitate the sieves by hand or bby mechanical apparatus for a sulficient period, established by trial or checked by measurement on the actual test sample, to meet the eriterion for adequacy or sieving described in 8.4, 83 Limit the quantity of muterial on a given sieve so that all particles have opportunity to reach sieve openings a number of Times ducing the sieving operation. For sieves with openings than 4.75-mm (No. 4). the gudatity retained on any sieve atthe completion of the sieving operation shall not execed 7 ky/in? of sieving surlace area (Nove 6), For sieves with openings 4.75 mm (No. 4) and larger, the quantity retained in all not exceed the product of 2.5 x (sieve opening, mm x (effective siev This quantity is shoven in Table 1 for five sieve-frame dimensions in common use, shall the quantity retained be so great as 10 ‘cause permanent deformation of the sieve cloth, 8.1 Prevent an overload of material on un individual sieve af the follow 83.1.1 Insert an auditional sieve with opening size interme: uliate between the sieve that may be averloaded and the sieve odiatoly above th al set of sieves, 8.3.1.2. Split the sample into two or more poctions, sieving cach portion individually. Combine the masses of the several postions retained on a specific sieve before calculating the percent of the sample on the sieve. 83.13 Use sieves having frame size and providing [Nome The 7 kg amas 10 200 g foe dye usual 203-mn (in sfanster sieve (wi elective sieving surlace ameter of 19035 nh [75 int 4 Continue sieving for a sufficient period and in such ‘minner that after completion, not more thas 1% by mass of the mutetia! retained ou any individual sieve will pass that ring | min of continuous hand sieving performed as follows: Hold the individual sieve, provided with a snugefitting pan and cover, in a slightly inclined position in one hand: Strike the side of the sieve sharply and with an upward motion against the hee! of the other hand at the rate of about 150 times per minute, turn the sieve about one sixth of a revolution at Intervals of about 25 strokes. In determining sufficiency of sieving for sizes larger than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, limit the material on the sieve to a single layer of particles. Irthe size of the mounted testing sieves makes the described sieving motion impractical, use 203-mm [8 in.] diameter sieves to verify the sufficiency of sieving, 8.5 In the case of coarse and fine aggregate mixtures, refer {0 83.1 (0 prevent overloading of individual sieves. 85.1 Optionally, reduce the portion finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve using a mechanical splitier aecording to Practice (C702. If this procedure is followed, compute the mass of each size inerement of the original sample as follows W, aatixe a where: A= mass of size increment on total sample basis, = mass of fraetion finer than 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve in total sample, mass of reduced portion of material finer than 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve actually sieved, and = mass of size increment in reduced portion sieved. 8.6 Unless @ mechanical sieve shaker is used, hand sieve particles larger than 75 mum (3 in, by determining the smallest sieve opening through which each particle will pass. Start the test on the smallest sieve to be used. Rotate the particles, if necessary, in order to determine whether they will pass through a particular opening; however, do not force particles to pass through an opening, 8.7 Determine the mass of euch size inerement on a scale or balance conforming to the requirements specified in 5.1 to the nearest 0.1 4 of the total original dry sample mass, The total mass of the material after sieving should check closely with original mass of sample placed an the sieves. If the amounts TABLE | haximum Allowable Quantity of Material Retained on a Siove, kg [tb] ‘eminal Bimanons of Save se ar teh] Tie by Tain by operins sameee ameter win Zin) Seem Sling area, TPL ee 0s70 (071, Te one is = € 74 45%) 100 e 308 (6741 559 [118% fo 131 (35%) 278 [60%] a5 106%) 3 e Revere 230 [50%] “os lea] 8 e 1. ie | 18. a%e | 380 05 Py 26.) 84 (101) 183 094] 270 (59%) as 276) ean) 115 5%) 202 443) 20 18K) 42%) 7717) 135 (20%) 20 1a) a2 (7) 501124) 102 fave | 125 9 2, M63) 214) ela) 87 (14s) as ar 1B] 18{35) 29(60) Sal] a5 033%) sal 030 (1%) 154) 2ob%1 Sieve rane dimensions inch ui: 804m daeer; 10.049. amet, 120% deme 1807 18h, (14 by Win norinay146by 228 hi (by 34m noma The seat or ound hve amas is based onan elaine ameter 125 mms nls tan the nominal tne amore, bacause Speceason EH pra he ‘ler tetwoen te save clth sata ram to estond 6 Inova the shove doth. Thus the elective svg dareter ore 203-rm |&0%n| Gamelar sieve ame 's 1903 mm [7.3 mn. Saves preauces by soma manacurars co noting on be toe eth bythe tl sro [vn Sievs ndcaec ave fess an tha ul openings ae shou tbe used for steve tein except as provided Im 2, Copiht by AST Ina igs served: St Sep 26075256 EDT 2015, Dovel any 3 eo (ett) punto Lins Agree, No ae esproetion thor