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ABSTRACT
A quantitative quasi experimental with time series experience for the child bearing woman. A warm
design study was undertaken to assess the compress is one of the non-pharmacological
pharmacological method
effectiveness of warm compress on pain among primi which is used to maintenance of body temperature and
mothers with first stage of labour admitted in labour area 2
to improvee the circulation of the body area.
room of selected hospital, Dehradun, uttrakhand. The
study was conducted on 60 primi mothers which were NEED OF STUDY
randomly divided into two groups (30 in each Pain is a complex phenomenon which is difficult to
experimental group and control
ontrol group) and samples understand. It is an abstract and unpleasant
unpleasan feeling
were selected through purposive sampling technique. which is individual specific.3It has been observed that
tha
The study was explained to participants and consent nurses & midwives pay a little attention to manage
man
was taken. The data was collected by Wong baker labor pain and they should do their routine nursing
facial pain scale to assess pain. Warm compress was care assessment as hourly vital signs assessment and
administered for 15 minutes at half an hour interval hourly fetal heart rate monitoring without attention to
till the mother was in the labour room for labor pain. They see labor pain as natural phenomena
experimental group. After each intervention occur to each woman.4 one of the popular non-
assessment of pain was done for both groups at four pharmacological techniques is heat therapy applied to
times. The result showed that there was no significant the sacral-perineal area during labor. Because heat
difference between both the groups at baseline pain dilates blood vessels and raises blood flow, it can
score p =0.88 whereas there was significant difference influence
fluence the transmission of pain impulses anda can
between both the groups at after 45 minutes, after 90 increase collagen elasticity.5
minutes, after 135 minutes and after 180 minutes pain
score was p=0.0001.The study concluded that warm PROBLEM STATEMENT
compress were cheap and easy too use by everyone, “A Study to assess the effectiveness of warm
even it can also be used in the home care setting by compress on pain among primi mothers with first
the mother’s attendant and also it shows effective stage of labour admitted in labour room of selected
outcome of pain reduction. Based on the finding it is hospital, Dehradun, Uttrakhand.”
advisable to the staff nurses and the student to use this
method in the practicee areas to reduced the pain of the OBJECTIVES
mother during childbirth. 1. To assess the effectiveness of warm compress on
pain by comparing experimental and control
Keyword: Effectiveness, warm compress, pain, primi group.
mothers, first stage of labour, labour room. 2. To find the association between pain with their
selected personal profile.
I. INTRODUCTION 3. To assess the opinions of mothers regarding warm
The childbirth experience is an important process in compress in experimental group.
every woman’s life.1 Pain in labour is nearly universal
III. RESULT
The analysis and interpretation of the observation are given in the following section.
3.1Section I:
Description of personal profile of study participants
Table no. 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of personal profile of study participants.
participants
N= 60
S. Experimental Group Control group Homogeneity
Personal profile
No. Freq. % Freq. % χ2 p-value
Age (in years)
1. a) 19-27 years 22 73.3 22 73.3
0.901 0.371˟
b) 28-36 years 08 26.7 08 26.7
Educational status
a) No formal education 02 6.67 00 0
2. b) Primary education 02 6.67 04 13.33
6.825 0.271*
c) Secondary education 07 23.33 07 23.33
d) Graduation & above 19 63.33 19 63.34
Occupational status
3. a) Housewife 23 76.67 26 86.67
0.225*
b) Working 07 23.33 04 13.33
Area of living
4. a) Urban 18 60 22 73.33
0.678*
b) Rural 12 40 08 26.67
Type of family
a) Nuclear 08 26.67 07 23.33
5.
b) Joint 22 73.33 23 76.67 1.000*
c) Extended 00 0 00 0
Chi-square
square test, * Fisher’s exact test, • Y Yate’s shows majority jority of the mothers (73.33%) in
correction test and ˟ Independent t-test
test experiment group & (70%)70%) in control group were with
Table No. 1 shows majority of the mothers (73.3%) in moderate pattern.
experimental group and control group were 28 28-36
Chi square test, Fishers exact test, Yate’s correction
years of age. Educational status shows majority of the
test and Independent t-test
test were performed to find the
mothers (63.33%) in experiment group and control
homogeneity between experimental and control cont
group were graduated & above. Occupational status
groups. It revealed that there was no significant
shows majority
ajority of the mothers (76.67%) in
difference between experimental and control groups
experiment group & (86.67%) in control group were
in terms of distribution of age (t=0.901; p=0.371),
housewives. Area of living shows majority of the
educational status (χ2 = 6.825; p = 0.271),
mothers (60%) in experimental group & (73.33%) in
occupational status (p = 0.225), area of living (p =
control group were from urban area. Type of family
0.678),
678), type of family (p = 1.000), presentation of
shows majority of the mothers (73.33%) in
fetus (χ2 = 1.417; p = 1.000), gestational age (t=0.472;
experiment group & (76.67%) in control group were
p=0.6/7439), onset of labour (χ2 = 0.475; p = 0.713),
from joint family. Presentation of fetus shows most of
and life style pattern (χ2 = 1.414; p = 1.000).
the mothers (83.33%) in experiment group &
(93.33%) in control group were with cephalic Hence it can be interpreted that the study participants part
presentation. Gestational age shows majori
majority of the in experimental and control group were homogenous.
mothers (63.3%) in experimental group & (70%) in
Section II: Analysis based on the objectives
control group were > 37 weeks. Onset of labour
3.2 Objective 1:
shows majority of the mothers (56.67%) in
To assess the effectiveness of warm compress on pain
experiment group & (53.33%) in control group were
by comparing experimental and control group.
undergone induction of labour. Life style pattern
Table no. 2: Comparison of level of pain scores between and within experimental and control group.
Pain score (Mean ± SD) F value
Groups After 45 After 90 After 135 After 180 (p
Baseline
minutes minutes minutes minutes value)٭
Experimental 6.20 ± 68.822
2.60 ± 1.070 2.80 ±1.126 2.40 ± 0.814 2.13 ± 0.507
group 1.606 (0.0001)
6.13 ± 4.214
Control group 6.13 ±±1.570 5.87 ±1.479 6.20 ± 1.324 7.07 ±1.143
±
1.814 (0.007)
t- value 0.151 10.187 9.033 13.397 21.612
(p value)† (0.881) (0.0001) (0.0001) (0.0001) (0.0001)
†Independent tt- test٭Repeated measure ANOVA test
t58= 2.00 at p<0.05 level of significance
Table No. 12: Frequency and percentage distribution of Oppinionnaire of mothers regarding warm
compress in experimental group.
N= 30
Strongly Agree Agree
S. No. Opinion
Freq. % Freq. %
1. I felt safe when receiving the warm compress. 24 80 6 20
2. I felt comfortable during the time of warm compress. 24 80 6 20
3. I felt relief from pain after receiving warm compress. 16 53.33 14 46.67
4. I accepted the warm compress during severe pain. 15 50 15 50
5. I can share this experience with others. 19 63.33 11 36.67
6. I can recommend this method to others. 17 56.67 13 43.33
Most of the mothers 80% were strongly agree, The present study revealed that there was no
whereas 20% were agree with opinion of “felt safe significant difference between both the groups at
when receiving the warm compress”. Most of the baseline pain score whereas there was significant
mothers 80% were strongly agree whereas 20% were difference between
en both the groups at observation 1,
agree with opinion of “felt
felt comfortable during the observation 2, observation 3 and observation 4 pain
time of warm compress”. Majorityjority of the mothers score. Thus it can be interpreted that experimental
53.33% were strongly agree whereas 46.67% were group have rapidly decrease the level of pain as
agree with opinion of “felt
felt relief from pain after compared to the control group.
receiving warm compress”. ”. Equal numbers of the
mothers 50% were strongly agree whereas 50% were Result of Ahmed F A (2014) showed the similar
agree with opinion of “accepted
accepted the warm compress findings that there was no statistically significant
during severe pain”.
”. Majority of the mothers 63.33% differences were found between groups prior to
was strongly agree whereas 36.67% were agree with intervention. The study group had significantly lower
opinion of “share
share this experience with others
others”. pain and anxiety levels when compared with the
Majority of the mothers 56.67% were strongly agree control group.
whereas 43.33% were agree with opinion of
“recommend this methods to others”. Hence it can be CONCLUSION
inferred that opinions of mother regarding warm The study concluded that warm compress were not
compress was satisfied. only cost effective but also easy to apply and shows a
better effect on pain. Based on this it is advisable for
IV. DISSCUSION nursing staff to be able to implement measures to
The present study was aimed to assess the reduce pain during labor, including by way of warm
effectiveness of warm compress on pain among primi compresses.
mothers with first stage of labour admitted in labour
room.