Logarithm

JEE (MAIN & ADV.
), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, X & IX

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LOGARITHM ( )
Only one option is correct.
1. log5 5
5 is equal to
2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2
3 3 2
2. (
The value of log 6 216 6 is equal to )
3 5 7 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
3. If A = log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2
2, then A equals to
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
4. The value of log 8 128 is equal to
7 3
(a) (b) 16 (c) (d) None of these
3 7
5. log 7 log 7 7 ( 7 7 = )
(a) 3log 2 7 (b) 1 − 3log 3 7 (c) 1 − 3log 7 2 (d) None of these
6. The value of log 9 27 − log 27 9 is
(a) 0 (b) 3/2 (c) 5/6 (d) None of these
7. If log k A.log 5 k = 3, then A =
(a) 5k 3 (b) k 3 (c) 125 (d) 243
log 8 17 log 2 2 17
8. − is equal to
log 9 23 log 3 23
17 23
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
8 17
1 − pq
9. If p = log 245 175and q = log1715 875, then =
p−q
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
10. The value of log 3 2 ⋅ log 4 3 ⋅ log 5 4......log14 13 ⋅ log15 14 ⋅ log16 15 is
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 3 4
11. The value of log b a.log c b.log a c is
(a) 0 (b) log abc (c) 1 (d) 10
1 1 2
12. If + = , then a, b, c are in
log a x log c x log b x
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. (c) H.P. (d) None of these
th
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 1 
13. log log ab a + =
 log b ab 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) log ab (d) none of these
 3 
 
 log 3 x  1
14. The solution of the equation 2 = is
64
1 1
(a) 3 (b) (c) (d) None of these
3 3
15. The solution set of log 2 ( 3 − x ) + log 2 (1 − x ) = 3 is
(a) {−1, 5} (b) {−1} (c) {5} (d) φ

2
16. If x satisfies the inequality log 25 x 2 + ( log 5 x ) < 2, then x ∈
 1 
(a)  , 5  (b) (1, 2 ) (c) ( 4, 5) (d) ( 0, 1)
 25 
17. If log 3 x ⋅ log y 3 ⋅ log 2 y = 5 then x =
(a) 3y 5 (b) 243 (c) 32 (d) none of these

18. The equation log e x + log e (1 + x ) = 0 can be written as
(a) x 2 + x − 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + x + 1 = 0 (c) x 2 + x − e = 0 (d) x 2 + x + e = 0
1 + 3 + 5 + ... ( 2 y − 1) 20
19. log10 x + log10 x1/ 2 + log10 x1/ 4 + .... = y and = , then x =
4 + 7 + 10 + ... ( 3 y + 1) 7 log10 x
(a) 105 (b) 10 4 (c) 103 (d) 10 2
 1 
20. If log10  x = x [ log10 5 − 1] , then x =
 2 + x − 1 
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1
log 2 3 log 2 x
21. The solution of the equation 5 x +3 = 162 is x = ...
(a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 6 (d) None of these
22. If log10 {log10 ( log10 x )} = 0, then x = ......
(a) −1010 (b) 1010 (c) 10 (d) None of these

5
23. If log 5 x + log x 5 = , then x = ......
2
1 1 1 1
(a) 5 2 , 5 2 (b) 52 , 5 2 (c) 5, 5 2 (d) None of these
24. If 5log10 x = 50 − x log10 5 , then x = .....
(a) 100 (b) 10 (c) 1000 (d) − 100
25. ( )
The value of log 6 216 6 is equal to
3 5 7 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
26. If log k A × log 5 k = 3 , then A =
(a) 5k 3 (b) k 3 (c) 125 (d) 243
th
( ) BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 3
log 8 17 log 2 2 17
27. − is equal to
log 9 23 log 3 23
17 23
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d)
8 17
28. The value of log 3 2 log 4 3log 5 4 ……… log15 14 log16 15 is
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 3 4
29. The value of log b a ⋅ log c b ⋅ log a c is
(a) 0 (b) log abc (c) 1 (d) 10
1 1 2
30. If + = , then a, b, c are in
log a x log c x log b x
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. (c) H.P. (d) None of these
 1 
31. log log ab a + =
 logb ab 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) log ab (d) None of these
2
32. If x satisfies the inequality log 25 x 2 + ( log 5 x ) < 2 , then x ∈
 1 
(a)  , 5  (b) (1, 2 ) (c) ( 4, 5) (d) ( 0, 1)
 25 
33. If log10 log10 log10 x = 0 , then x =
10 10 −9
(a) (10 ) (b) − (10 ) (c) (10 ) (d) None of these
5
34. If log 5 x + log x 5 = , then x =
2
(a) 25, 3 (b) 25, 5 (c) −25, 5 (d) −25, − 5
5
35. If 5log10 x = 50 − x log10 , then x =
(a) 100 (b) −100 (c) 101 (d) None of these
1 1 1
36. If a , b, c are positive real numbers, then + + =
log ab abc log bc abc log ca abc
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) none of these
log 4 3
37. The value of 16 is
(a) 8 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 9
2 3
38. If log 3 x + log 9 x + log 27 x = 9, then x =
log 3 5 log 3 2
39. The value of 2 −5 is
(a) 2 (b) −1 (c) 1 (d) 0
log b −log c log c − log a log a − log b
40. If a , b, c are positive real numbers, then a ×b ×c
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) −1 (d) none of these
a b c
log   log   log  
41. If a , b, c are positive real numbers, then the value of ( ab ) b × ( bc ) c × ( ca ) a is
(a) 0 (b) −1 (c) 1 (d) none of these
Office.: 606 , 6th Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
4 BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
( )
1 1
42. If a 2 + b2 − c 2 = 0, then + =
log c + a b log c − a b
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) −1 (d) −2
16 35 81
43. The value of 7 log + 5log + 3log , is
15 24 80
(a) log 2 (b) log 3 (c) log 5 (d) none of these
log 49 7 + log 25 5 − log 4 2
44. The value of is
log17.5
5 3
(a) 5 (b) 2 (c) (d)
2 2
3 + log 343
45. The value of is (Here log is having base 10)
1  49  1  1 
2 + log   + log  
2  4  3  125 
3
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d)
2
46. The value of log 2

2 2 2 2 , is
15 7 15 31
(a) (b) (c) (d)
16 16 8 32
47. {
If log10 98 + x 2 − 12 x + 36 = 2, then x = }
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 4 or 8.
3
( log2 x −3) 1
48. If x 2
= , then x equal to
8
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (c) 6
49. If log 4 ( 3 x 2 + 11x ) > 1, then x lies in the interval
(a) ( −4, 1 / 3) (b) ( −4, 2 ) (c) [ −4, 1 / 3] (d) ( −∞, − 4 ) ∪ (1/ 3, ∞ )

50. If log6 ( x + 3) − log6 x = 2, then x =
1 3 2 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) −
35 35 35 35
(
log x x 2 − 4 x + 5 )
51. If x = ( x − 1) , then x =
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 5
  x2 + x 
52. If log 3 log 6    = 0 then x =
  x − 1 
(a) −1 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4
1
53. { (
If log8 log 2 log 3 ( x 2 − 4 x + 85) = , then x equals to
3
)}
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
54. If log x + 2 ( x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8) = 3, then x equals to
55. If 2 log x = 4 log 3 , then x =
th
56. The simplified value of log  4 729 × 3 9−1 × 27 −4 / 3  is

 
(a) log 3 (b) log 2 (c) − log 2 (d) None of these
57. The value of a1/ logb a is
(a) a (b) b (c) a + b (d) None of these
58. If log1/ 2  log x ( log 4 32 )  = 2 , then x =
5 25 625
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
2 4 16
59. If l = 1 + log a bc, m = 1 + log b ca, n = 1 + log c ab , then mn + nl + lm − lmn =
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) −1 (d) None of these
log ( x 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 1)
60. =
log ( x 2 + 2 x + 1)
1 3 2
(a) (b) 1 (c) (d)
2 2 3
61. If log 7 2 = m , then log 49 28 =
1 + 2m 2
(a) 2 (1 + 2m ) (b) (c) (d) None of these
2 1 + 2m
62. If log a 3 = 2 and log b 8 = 3 , then log a b =
(a) log 3 2 (b) log 2 3 (c) log 3 4 (d) log 4 3
63. If 4log9 3 + 9log 2 4 = 10log x 83 , then x =
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 5 (d) 2
 1  1  1  1 
64. log 4 1 +  + log 4 1 +  + log 4 1 +  + ... + log 4 1 + =
 4  5  6  255 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
65. If a = log 2 3, b = log 2 5, c = log 7 2 , then log140 63 =
2ab + 1 2ac + 1 2bc + 1
2a + 2b + 1 2c + bc + 1 2b + ca + 1
 8ax 
66. If x = 9 is one root of the equation, logπ ( x 2 + 15a 2 ) − logπ ( a − 2 ) = logπ   then the other root is
a−2
(suppose that a is a natural number )
(a) 15 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 1
1/ ( log x 8 )
67. If y = 2 , then x =
(a) y (b) y 2 (c) y 3 (d) y 8
68. If a = log 2, b = log 3, c = log 7 and 6 x = 7 x + 4 then x =
4b 4b 4b 4a
(a) (b) (c) (d)
c +a −b c −a −b a+b−c a+b−c
1 1
69. If a 2 + b 2 − c 2 = 0 , then + =
(a) −2 (b) −1 (c) 1 (d) 2
log a x
70. If = k + 4 + log a b , then k =
log ab x
(a) −3 (b) −2 (c) 0 (d) 1
2 3
71. The sum of the series log a b + log a 2 b + log a3 b + .... + log a n b is equal to n
(a) log a b n (b) log a n b (c) n ⋅ log an bn (d) None of these

72. The value of log 3 4.log 4 5.log 5 6.log 6 7.log 7 8.log 8 9 is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
1/ log x 4
73. If y = 2 then x is equal to :
(a) y (b) y (c) y 2 (d) y 3
74. Which of the following is not true?
(a) log 6 2 + log 6 3 = 1 (b) log 8 16 − log 8 2 = 1 (c) log a
a 4 = 8, ( a > 0, ≠ 1) (d) log1/ 2 16 = 4
x
75. If log 2 x × log 2 + 4 = 0, then x =
16
1
(a) 4 (b) −4 (c) (d) 2
4
 1 
76. Mark “True” or “False” : log 4 5 > log1/16   .
 25 
(a) True (b) False
 a+b  1
77. If log   = ( log a + log b ) , then the relation between a and b will be :
 2  2
b b
(a) a = b (b) a = (c) 2a = b (d) a =
2 3
78. If log a x = 0.3 and log a 3 = 0.4, then log 3 x is :
3 4
(a) 0.12 (b) 0.7 (c) (d)
4 3
79. If log 9 x = y, then log 9 ( 27x ) is equal to :
3y 3 2y 2
(a) (b) +y (c) (d) +y
2 2 3 3
80. The equation log e x + log e (1 + x ) = 0 can be written as :
(a) x 2 + x − 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + x + 1 = 0 (c) x 2 + x − e = 0 (d) x 2 + x + e = 0
81. The equation log ( x − 3) − log ( x + 9 ) = log ( x − 2 ) has the solution :
(a) −3 + 2 6 (b) −3 ± 2 6 (c) no solution (d) infinite solutions

82. Solution of the equation 2 log ( 2 x ) = log ( x 2 + 75 ) are given by :
(a) 5 (b) –5 (c) 25 (d) none of these
log 3
125 + (1/ 3) 
83. 27  3 
=
84. If A = log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2 2, then A =
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
85. The value of log 3 2 log 4 3log 5 4.....log15 14 log16 15 =
th
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
2 3 4
86. log 5 5 5 =
2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2
3 3 2
87. log 0.01 0.0001 =
(a) 1 (b) 0.1 (c) 2 (d) 0.2
88. Solution set of the equation log ( 8 − 10 x − 12 x 2
) = 3log ( 2 x − 1) is :
(a) { 1 } (b) {3, 2} (c) { 5} (d) φ
 x2 
89. If x = −2, then the value of log 4   − 2 log 4 ( 4 x 4 ) , is
 4 
(a) 2 (b) −4 (c) −6 (d) 0
log x log 36 log 64
90. If = = , what are the values of x and y respectively ?
log 5 log 6 log y
(a) 8, 25 (b) 25, 8 (c) 8, 8 (d) 25, 25
91. If a x = b y = c z and log b a = log c b , then which one of the following will hold true ?
(a) y 2 = xz (b) x 2 = yz (c) z 2 = xy (d) y = xz
92. If the logarithms of a number to the base 8 is 6, then the number is
8
(a) 48 (b) (c) 6 8 (d) 512
6
93. If log 4 7 = x , then log 7 16 is equal to
2
(a) (b) x 2 (c) x (d) 2 x
x
94. If log 2 x = 4 , then x is equal to
(a) 16 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 64
95. If log 2 x + log 2 x = −6, then x is equal to :
1 1
(a) (b) (c) 4 (d) 8
8 4
9  27  3
96. What is the value of log10   − log10   + log10   ?
8  32  4
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 0
97. If log 3 log 4 x > 0 , then
(a) x > 1 (b) x > 4 (c) x > 64 (d) none of these
98. If x = 27 and y = log 3 4, then x y is equal to :
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 16 (d) 64
99. For three consecutive integers x, y , z the value of log ( xz + 1) is :
1  y
(a) log y (b) log y (c) log   (d) 2 log y
2 2
log10 x
10
100. Y = 2
for x > 0, then x = Y A where A is equal to :
x
(a) −2 (b) −1 (c) 0 (d) 2
101. The solution of logπ {log 2 ( log 7 x )} = 0 is :
(a) 2 2 (b) π 2 (c) 7 2 (d) None of these

1
102. If log 27 ( log 3 x ) = , then x =
3
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 27
103. If log10 x < 1 , then
(a) 0 < x < 10 (b) x > 10 (c) x < 10 (d) 0 ≤ x < 10
104. If y = 21/log x (8) , then x is equal to
(a) y (b) y 2 (c) y 3 (d) none of these
105. What is the value of log 2 ( log 3 81) ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 9
106. If log 3 log 3 ( log 3 x )  = log 3 3 , then what is the value of x ?
(a) 3 (b) 27 (c) 39 (d) 327

107. If x = log b a, y = log c b, z = log a c, then xyz is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) abc (d) a + b + c
108. log8 128 is equal to :
7 9 1
(a) (b) 16 (c) (d)
3 4 16
109. 72log7 5 is equal to :
(a) 5 (b) 25 (c) log 7 25 (d) log 7 35
110. The value of 3log5 2 − 2log5 3 :
 3
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) log 5   (d) log 5 8
2
 1 1 
111. The value of  +  is :
 log3 12 log 4 12 
1
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2
2
112. log3 2 324 is equal to :
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
113. If 1 < a ≤ x, then the minimum value of log a x + log x a is :
a
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d) a
2
 a + 10b + 102 c 
114. If a , b, c belong to the set {1, 2,3,.....,9} then log10  −4 −3 −2 
is equal to :
 10 a + 10 b + 10 c 
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
115. If log 2 10 = x , then log10 6400 is equal to :
th
6 6
(a) +1 (b) + 2 (c) 6 x + 1 (d) 6 x + 2
x x
116. The real roots of the equation 7

(
log7 x 2 − 4 x + 5 ) = x − 1, is :
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 4 and 5
117. If log 3 5 = a and log 3 2 = b, then log 3 300 is equal to :
(a) a + b + 1 (b) 2 ( a + b + 1) (c) 2 ( a + b + 2 ) (d) a + b + 4

118. If 7loga m + 7m loga 7 = 56, then m is equal to ( a ∈ R, a > 0 ) :
119. If log 7 2 = λ , then the value of log 49 ( 28 ) is :
1 3
(a) ( 2λ + 1) (b) ( 2λ + 1) (c) 2 ( 2λ + 1) (d) ( 2λ + 1)
2 2
120. If x > 0, log 4 ( x 3 + x 2 ) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2, then x is equal to :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6
121. If log 4 2 + log 4 4 + log 4 x + log 4 16 = 6, then x is equal to :
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 32 (d) 64
3 5 2 n −1
122. log x + log x + log x + ... + log x is equal to :
(a) ( 2n − 1) log x (b) 2n log x (c) n 2 log x (d) ( n 2 + 1) log x
 1  1  1  1 
123. log 3  1 +  + log 3  1 +  + log 3  1 +  + .... + log 3  1 +  is equal to :
 3  4  5  80 
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 6 (d) 9
124. The solution of log 99 ( log 2 ( log 3 x ) ) = 0 is :
(a) 4 (b) 9 (c) 44 (d) 99
1999
125. If n = 1999!, then ∑ log x
x =1
n is equal to :
(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 1999

1999
2
log x (1− x )
126. The solution of the equation x = 9 is :
(a) {−2, 4} (b) {0, −2, 4} (c) {0, 4} (d) {4}
1 1
127. If log 2 + log a + log b = log ( a + b ) , then :
2 2
(a) a = 2, b = 0 (b) a = −b (c) a = 10, b = 1 (d) a = b
128. If 2 x.3x +4 = 7 x , then x is equal to :
3log e 4 4 log e 3 3log e 4 4 log e 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
log e 7 − log e 6 log e 6 − log e 7 log e 6 − log e 7 log e 7 − log e 6
129. The value of x satisfying log10 1 + x + 3log10 1 − x = log10 1 − x 2 + 2 is

(a) −1 < x < 1 (b) x = 0 (c) No solution (d) none of these
( loga p )( log p m )( logm λ )
130. a is equal to :
(a) 1 (b) a (c) m (d) λ
10 (BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
131. The value of x satisfying log 2 ( 3x − 2 ) = log1/2 x is :
1 1
(a) −1 (b) − (c) (d) 1
3 3
132. 32/ log5 9 + 95/ log2 3 − 81/ log7 2 is equal to :
(a) 121 (b) 363 (c) 686 (d) 979
133. The solution of log 7 log5 ( )
x + 5 + x = 0 is :
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 9
1 1
134. If x = log  1    and y = log  1    , then :
   5  7
7  5
(a) x < y (b) x = y

(c) x > y (d) x and y cannot be compared
135. If x = log 0.1 0.001, y = log 9 81, then x − 2 y is equal to :
(a) 2 −2 (b) 3−2 (c) 2 −1 (d) 3 − 2

136. If log 3 5 − 2 x > 4, then x lies in the interval :
(a) ( −43,38 ) (b) ( −∞, − 38 ) ∪ ( 43, ∞ ) (c) ( −38, 43) (d) ( −∞, − 43) ∪ ( 38, ∞ )
137. The value of log 2 20 log 2 80 − log 2 5log 2 320 is equal to :
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
1 1 1 1
138. + + + is equal to :
log 25 10 log 4 10 log 2 10 log 5 10
5 3
(a) (b) 3 (c) 2 (d)
2 2
139. If 2 log ( x + 1) − log ( x 2 − 1) = log 2 , then x equals to
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 3
140. what is the value of

( log 27 9 )( log16 64 ) ?
log 4 2
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 8
141. If ( log x x )( log3 2 x )( log 2 x y ) = log x x 2 , then what is the value of y ?
9
(a) (b) 9 (c) 18 (d) 27
2
1 1 1
142. If n = 1000!, then the value of + + ..... + is :
log 2 n log 3 n log100 n
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 10 (d) 103
143. The value of log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2
2 is :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
1 1 1
144. For positive real numbers x, y, z the value of + + is :
log xy xyz log yz xyz log zx xyz
1
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2
2
th
BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
( ) 11
145. The value of log10 tan1° + log10 tan 2° + ..... + log10 tan 89° is :
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
1 1 1
146. For positive real numbers x, y , z, the value of + + is :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) xyz
1/ 2
 log  + + +.....∞  
1 1 1 
147. The value of ( 0.16 ) 2.5  3 32 33  is :
 
(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) None of these
148. The number of solutions of log 2 ( x − 1) = 2log 2 ( x − 3) is
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 6 (d) 7
log9 3 log 2 4 log x83
149. If 4 +9 = 10 , then x is
150. The least value of 2 log10 x − log x ( 0.01) for x > 1 is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
log 3 9
151. What is the value of 2 log8 2 − ?
3
1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d)
3
152. If x > 1 and log 2 x, log 3 x, log 3 x, log x 16 are in G.P, then what is the value of x ?
(a) 9 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 2
153. If a and b are positive real numbers such that a ≠ 1 and b ≠ 1, then the minimum value of
logb a + log a b is :
1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d)
2
log 2 ( 343)
154. 2 2
is equal to :
7 14
(a) (b) 7 (c) (d) 49
2 3 2
155. If log1/2 5 and log 2 3 are compared, then :
(a) log1/2 5 < log 2 3 (b) log1/2 5 = log 2 3
(c) log1/2 5 > log 2 3 (d) log1/2 5 and log 2 3 cannot be compared
2x n
156. The sum of n terms of the series ∑ log x −1 is :
x =1 3
n /2 n/2 n /2 n /2
 3n −1   2n −1   3n +1   2 n +1 
(a) log  n +1  (b) log  n+1  (c) log  n −1  (d) log  n −1 
2  3  2  3 
157. If log 2 = a , log 3 = b, log 7 = c and 6 x = 7 x +4 , then x is equal to :
4a 4a 4b 4c
(a) (b) (c) (d)
a+b−c b+c−a c+a−b a+b−c
log a log b log c
158. If = = , then the value of a 4b 3c −3 is :
3 7 11
( )
11 11
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 2
3 21
log 3 5 × log 25 27 × log 49 7
159. The value of is :
log81 3
2
(a) 1 (c) 3
(b) (d) 6
3
160. For a positive real number n, if a = log 2 n n, b = log 3n 2n and c = log 4 n 3n, then 1 + abc is equal to :
(a) 2bc (b) 3abc (c) log 2 n (d) log 2 3
161. If log x 484 − log x 4 + log x 14641 − log x 1331 = 3, then the value of x is :
162. If x = log a ( bc ) , y = logb ( ca ) , z = log c ( ab ) , then xyz is equal to :
(a) x + y + z (b) x + y + z + 1 (c) x + y + z + 2 (d) x + y + z + 3
 1 
163. log   is equal to :
4 3 42
 1024 
(a) −5 (b) −3 (c) 3 (d) 5
−1 −1 −1
164. If N = n ! ( n ∈ N , n > 2 ) , then lim ( log2 N ) + ( log3 N ) + ...... + ( log n N )  is equal to :
N →∞  
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) −1 (d) ∞
log e x + log x + log 3 x +......+ log10 x
165. If e e e e
= x11n , then n is equal to :
log a log b log c
166. If = = , then a a bbc c equal to :
b−c c−a a −b
(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
10
167. If log 2 x + log x 2 = = log 2 y + log y 2 and x ≠ y , then x + y is equal to :
3
1
(a) 2 + 2 (b) 4 + 21/2 (c) 8 + 21/3 (d) 2 +
2
168. The least value of the expression 2 log10 x − log x 0.01 for x > 1 is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
169. If log0.3 ( x − 1) < log0.09 ( x − 1) , then x ≠ 1 lies in :
(a) ( 0,1) (b) ( 2, ∞ ) (c) ( 0.09,1) (d) ( 0.3,2 )
1
(a) log a a = ( )
2
(b) logb a + log a b = log ab ( a + b )
(c) log a N + log1/ a N = 0 (d) log a 2 N − log a N = log a 2

x
171. If x = log8 3.log10 2 and y = log10 4 ⋅ log16 9, then is equal to :
y
(a) 3−2 (b) 3−1 (c) 3 (d) 32
172. If log10 ( x + 1) + log10 5 = 3 , then what is the value of x ?
(a) 199 (b) 200 (c) 299 (d) 300
173. Solution of the equations x log x 2
= log 3 ( x + y ) and x + y = 65 is
2 2
th
(a) x = 8, y = 1 (b) x = 1, y = 8
(c) ( x = 8, y = 1) ; ( x = 1, y = 8 ) (d) none of the above
174. The identity log a n log b n + log b n log c n + log c n log a n is
log a n log b n log c n log abc n log b n
log abc n log a n log abc n
175. If log 4 7 = x , then log 7 16 is equal to
2
(a) (b) x 2 (c) x (d) 2 x
x
 7
176. If log 3 2, log 3 ( 2 x − 5) and log 3  2 x −  are in A.P., then x is equal to :
 2
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) either 2 or 3 (d) 4
1 1 1 1
177. If + + + .... + = n ( n + 1) λ , then λ is equal to :
log 2 m log 4 m log 8 m log 2n m
(a) log m 2 (b) log 2 m (c) log 2 m (d) log m

2
178. The values of x which satisfy the equation log 2 ( 9 x −1 + 7 ) − log 2 ( 3x −1 + 1) = 2 are :
(a) 0, 1 (b) 0, 2 (c) 1, 2 (d) 1, 4
log ( x −4)
179. The value of x satisfying the inequation 3 3
< 6 − x lies in the interval :
(a) (1, 9 ) (b) ( 3, 4 ) (c) ( 6, 8) (d) ( 2, 5)
 1 2−( log5 256/ 2log5 9) 

180.   
27 
 
2/3 3/ 2
2/3 3/2  3 2
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c)   (d)  
2 3
181. If the logarithm of a number of the base 8 is 6, then the number is
8
(a) 48 (b) (c) 6 8 (d) 512
6
182. Find the value of log 5 5 5 .
2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2
3 3 2
 
(
183. What is log a + a 2 + 1 + log  ) 1
2
 equals to ?
 a + a +1 
1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d)
2
 x−2
184. Solution set of the inequality log e   > 0 is :
 x −3
(a) ( −∞, ∞ ) (b) ( −∞, 2 ) (c) ( 2, ∞ ) (d) ( 3, ∞ )
( )
185. The number of real solutions of the equation log1/3 1 + x + log1/3 (1 + x ) = 2 is :
(a) no solution (b) less than 2 (c) more than 2 (d) None of these
1 1 1 
log 5  + + +.....∞ 
186. The value of ( 0.2 )  4 8 16  is :
2
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d)
5
log x log y log z
187. If = = , then the value of x a . y b . z c is :
b−c c−a a−b
1
(a) (b) a (b) abc (d) xyz
a
188. The value of 22 −log 2 5 is equal to
4 5 2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 4 5 2
r
189. If log r 6 = m and log r 3 = n , then log r   is equal to
2
log 2 r
(a) (b) 1 − log r 2 (c) 1 − m − n (d) 1 − m + n
2
1 2
190. If log 8 m + log 8 = , then m is equal to
6 3
(a) 24 (b) 18 (c) 12 (d) 4
log αβ (H )
191. What is the value of ?
log αβγ
(H )
(a) logαβ (α ) (b) logαβγ (αβ ) (c) logαβ (αβγ ) (d) logαβ ( β )
192. If log k x ⋅ log 5 k = 3, then what is the value of x ?
(a) k 5 (b) 5k 3 (c) 243 (d) 125
1 3
x+ x+
193. The solution of the equation 9 x − 2 2
=2 2
− 32 x −1 is :
 9   9   9 
(a) log e   (b) log 9   (c) log 9/2   (d) None of these
 8  8  8
194. log 7 log 7 7 ( 7 7 ) is equal to :

(a) 3log 2 7 (b) 3log 7 2 (c) 1 − 3log 7 2 (d) 1 − 3log 2 7
195. If log10 2, log10 ( 2 x − 1) and log10 ( 2 x + 3) are in A.P. then x is equal to :
1
(a) log 2 ( −1) (b) log 2   (c) log 5 2 (d) log 2 5
 5
196. The number of solutions of log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) is :
(a) zero (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
197. If a = 1 + log x yz , b = 1 + log y zx and c = 1 + log z xy , then ab + bc + ca is equal to :
(a) 0 (b) abc (c) a + b + c (d) a 2 + b2 + c 2
1 1 1
198. If x = log a bc, y = log b ca , z = log c ab, then the value of + + will be :
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
(a) 1 (b) abc (c) x + y + z (d) ab + bc + ca
th
(a) log1/ 3 9 = −4 (b) log 30 3 + log 30 5 + log 30 2 = 1
(c) 1 + log10 5 − log10 2 = log10 25 (d) 2 − log 5 2 = log 5 20
200. If log 3 x + log 3 y = 2 + log 3 2 and log 3 ( x + y ) = 2, then :
(a) x = 9, y = 3 (b) x = 8, y = 1 (c) x = 3, y = 6 (d) x = 1, y = 8
2 3
201. If log 2 x + log 4 x + log8 x = 9, then x equals :
(a) 23/2 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 33/2
 11 
202. If log e 5, log e ( 5x − 1) and log e  5x −  are in A.P. then :
 5
(a) log 5 6 and log 5 7 (b) log 3 5 and log 3 6 (c) log 3 4 and log 3 5 (d) log 5 3 and log 5 4
(
203. For what value (s) of x is log10 999 + x 2 − 3 x + 3 = 3 ? )
(a) 0 (b) only 1 (c) only 2 (d) 1,2
204. What is the value of log a ⋅ log c 1/3 b ⋅ log a 1/4 c
b ( ) ( )
1 1
(a) 12 (b) 24 (c) (d)
12 24
log x log 36 log 64
205. If = = , what are the values of x and y , respectively ?
log 5 log 6 log y
(a) 8, 25 (b) 25, 8 (c) 8, 8 (d) 25, 25
( log10 x )
206. If 10 = 2 , what is the value of x ?
(a) only 2 (b) only −2 (c) 2 or −2 (d) 1 or −1
207. The value of log 3 4.log 4 5.log 5 6.log 6 7.log 7 8.log 8 9 is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
208. For y = log a x to be defined a must be :
(a) Any positive real number (b) Any number
(c) ≥ e (d) Any positive real number ≠ 1
209. If log 7 2 = m, then log 49 28 is equal to :
1 + 2m 2
(a) 2 (1 + 2m ) (b) (c) (d) 1 + m
2 1 + 2m
2
210. If ( log 3 x ) + ( log 3 x ) < 2 , then which one of the following is correct ?
1 1 1
(a) 0 < x < (b) < x < 3 (c) 3 < x < ∞ (d) ≤ x ≤ 3
9 9 9
Directions (Q Nos. 211 -213 ) Let us consider log 2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771
16 25 81
211. The value of 7 log + 5log + 3log is
15 24 80
(a) 0.3010 (b) 0.3512 (c) 0.412 (d) none of the above
70 22 7
212. The value of log + log − log is
33 135 18
(a) −0.512 (b) 0.4213 (c) 0.3010 (d) none of these
 9 
213. The value of 32 ⋅ ( − log 3 ( 4 × log 36 ) ) is……  Given that = 1.45 
 8 × 0.7781 
(a) 3.2 (b) 0.69 (c) 1.2 (d) none of these
 16   25   81 
214. 7 log   + 5log   + 3log   is equal to :
 15   24   80 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) log 2 (d) log 3
215. If A = log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2
2, then A is equal to :
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
216. log 0.01 1000 + log 0.1 0.0001 is :
5 5
(a) –2 (b) –10 (c) − (d)
2 2
16 25 81
217. If 7 log a + 5 log a + 3log a = 8 then a is :
15 24 80
1
(a) 3 (b) (c) –3 (d) 21/ 8
3
218. log 4 0.25 + log 2 0.0625 is :
(a) 5 (b) –3 (c) 3 (d) –5
219. The number of solution(s) of log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) is :
(a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 0
220. The number of solution(s) of log 2 x + log 4 ( x + 2 ) = 2 is :
1 1 1
221. + + is :
1 + log a a + log a c 1 + log c a + log c b 1 + log a b + log a c
(a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) log abc ( a + b + c )
222. If log 4 ( x 2 + x ) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2, then the value of x is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 16
223. The relation ln x + ln (1 + x ) = 0 means :
(a) x 2 + x − 1 = 0 (b) x 2 + x + 1 = 0 (c) x 2 + x − e = 0 (d) x 2 + x + e = 0
224. If 2 x log 4 3 + 3log 4 x = 27, then x is equal to :
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
1 1
225. If + > x, then x can be :
log 3 π log 4 π
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) π (d) None of these
1
226. If log 8 b = 3 , then b is equal to :
3
(a) 2 (b) 8 (c) 32 (d) 64
227. If 4log9 3 + 9log 2 4 = 10log x 83 , then x =
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 10
228. There are only two real number satisfying log(1 − x) − 7 log x = 2 log( x − 3) .
229. Solve the equation log 3 x
x + log 3 x x = 0
10
230. If log 2 x + log x 2 = = log 2 y + log y 2 and x ≠ y then x + y =
3
th
(a) 2 (b) 65/8 (c) 37/6 (d) None of these
231. The value of log 5 log 2 log 3 log 2 512 is:
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) 3.
232. The value of x satisfying log 2 (3 x − 2) = log1/ 2 x is:
(a) – 1/3 (b) 2 (c) 1/2 (d) none of these.
233. If log 3 x + log 3 y = 2 + log 3 2 and log 3 ( x + y ) = 2 then:
(a) x = 1, y = 8 (b) x = 8, y = 1 (c) x = 3, y = 6 (d) x = 6, y = 3
234. The solution of the equation 5log a x + 5 x log a 5 = 3 , ( 0, 0 ) is
(a) a − log5 2 (b) a log5 2 (c) 2− log5 a (d) 2log5 a
235. The roots of the equation log 2 ( x x − 4 x + 5 ) = x − 2 are
(a) 4, 5 (b) 2, − 3 (c) 2, 3 (d) 3, 5
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SOLUTION OF LOGARITHM ( )
Only one option is correct.
1 2  p 
[∵ logα α = 1] , ∵ log a q ( n ) = q log a n 
p
1. Ans. (a), log 53 / 2 5 = log 5 5 =
3/ 2 3  
1
 3+ 1  7
2. ( )
Ans. (c), ∵ log 6 216 6 = log 6 63 ⋅ 6 2 = log 6  6 2  =
  2
[∵ logα α = 1]
2
3. Ans. (c), Given, A = log 2 {log 2 ( log 4 256 )} + 2 log 2
2 {
⇒ A = log 2 log 2 ( log 4 44 ) + } 1/ 2
log 2 2
⇒ A = log 2 ( log 2 4 ) + 4 = log 2 ( log 2 22 ) + 4 = log 2 2 + 4 = 1 + 4 = 5 [∵ logα α = 1]

7 7
4. Ans. (a), log 23 ( 27 ) = log 2 ( 2 ) =
3 3
( ) ( )
1 1 7 7
+ 7
5. Ans. (c), ∵ 7 7 7 = 7.7 2 4
= 7 4 = 7 8 , ∴ log 7 7 7 7 =
8
7 ( 7 7 ) = log
7
∴ log 7 log 7 7 = log 7 7 − log 7 8 = 1 − 3log 7 2
8
3 2 3 2 3 2 5
6. Ans. (c), log 9 27 − log 27 9 = log 332 − log 333 = log 3 3 − log 3 3 =  −  log 3 3 =
2 3 2 3 6
log A log k log A
7. Ans.(c), Given ⇒ =3 ⇒ = 3 ⇒ log 5 A = 3 ⇒ A = 53
log k log 5 log 5
log 5 A = 3 ⇒ A = 53 = 125 [∵ logb a ⋅ log c b ⋅ log d c = log d a ]
1  1 
log 2 17   log 2 17
3  3/ 2 
8. Ans. (a), − =0
1 log 23
log 3 23 3
2
9. Ans. (d) , ∵ 175 = 25 × 7 = 52.7, 245 = 49.5 = 5.7 2 and 875 = 125 × 7 = 53.7, 1715 = 5.343 = 5.7 3
log a
Also we know that log b a = , Put log 5 = α , log 7 = β
log b
log 7
2 2+
log 5 .7 2 log 5 + log 7 log 5 2+t log 7
p= = = = where t =
log 5.7 2
log 5 + 2 log 7 1 + 2 log 7 1 + 2t log 5
log 5
2+t 3+ t
Hence p = and Similarly q =
1 + 2t 1 + 3t
 2 + t  3 + t 
1− 
∴
1 − pq
= 
 
1 + 2t  1 + 3t 
=
(1 + 2t )(1 + 3t ) − ( 2 + t )( 3 + t ) −5 1 − t
=
2
=5
( )
p+q 2+t 3+t
+ ( 2 + t )(1 + 3t ) + ( 3 + t )(1 + 2t ) − 1 − t 2
( )
1 + 2t 1 + 3t
th
1 1  a log a 
10. Ans. (c), log16 2 = log 2 2 = log b = log b 
4 4  
11. Ans. (c), ∵ log b a ⋅ log c b ⋅ log a c = log a a = 1 , ∴ Given = 1
12. Ans. (b), Given = log x a + log x c = 2 log x b ⇒ log x ac = 2 log x b ⇒ ac = b 2
 1 
∵ log b a = 
 log a b 
 1 
13. Ans. (a) log log ab a +  = log ( log ab a + log ab b )
 logb ab 
 1 
= log ( log ab ab ) = log1 = 0 ∵ log y x = 
 log x y
 3   3 
 
 log 3 x  1 
log x
 3
14. Ans. (c), Given, 2 = ⇒ 2 3  = 2 −6 ⇒ = −6 ∵ 64 = 26 
64 log 3 x
−1 1
∴ log 3 x = ⇒ x = 3−1/ 2 =
2 3
15. Ans. (b), By definition of log, the equation will be meaningful if both 3 − x and1 − x are + ve i.e.
x < 3, x < 1. Hence x < 1.
The equation reduces to log 2 ( 3 − x )(1 − x ) = 3 from which we obtain
∵ log10 m + log10 n = log10 mn 
( 3 − x )(1 − x ) = 23 = 8 ⇒ x2 − 4x − 5 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 5 )( x + 1) = 0
Its roots are −1 and 5. The root 5 is rejected since it does not satisfy the condition x < 1.
2 2
16. Ans. (a), log 5 x + ( log 5 x ) < 2 ⇒ t 2 + t − 2 < 0, where t = log 5 x ⇒ ( t + 2 )( t − 1) < 0
3
 1 
∴ − 2 < t < 1 ⇒ −2 < log 5 x < 1 ⇒ 5−2 < x < 5 , ∴ x ∈  , 5 
 25 
 a log a 
17. Ans. (c), log 2 x = 5 ⇒ x = 25 = 32  Note that log b = 
 log b 
18. Ans. (a), Given, log e x + log e (1 + x ) = 0 = log e 1 [∵ log e 1 = 0]
⇒ log e x (1 + x ) = log1 1 ⇒ x 2 + x − 1 = 0
1 1 1 1
 
19. Ans. (a), ∵ log10 x + log10 x 2 + log10 x 4 + .... = y ⇒ log  x ⋅ x 2 ⋅ x 4 .......∞  = y
 
 1 1 
 1+ + +.....∞   1 1 
⇒ log10 x  2 4 
=y ⇒ log10 x 2 = y ∵ s∞ = 1 + 2 + 4 + ....∞ = 2 
⇒ 2 log10 x = y …(1)
n 2 y2 20 40
From 2nd equation using by S n = ( a + ℓ ) , we have = = [Using (1)]
2 y ( 3 y + 5 ) 7 log10 x 7 y
∴ 7 y 2 − 60 y − 100 = 0 ⇒ ( y − 10 )( 7 y + 10 ) = 0
th
10
∴ y = 10, y ≠ − as it represents the number of terms of an A.P. Hence from (1), 2 log10 x = 10
7
∴ x = 105
5 1
20. Ans. (d), ∵ R.H.S. = x [ log10 5 − log10 10] = x log10 = log10 x
10 2
1 1
∴ x
= x , ∴ x −1 = 0 ⇒ x = 1
2 + x −1 2
21. Ans. (a), LHS 5 ⋅ 3log 2 x + 3log 2 x = 162 Note that a logb = b loga
⇒ 6 ( 3log 2 x ) = 162 , ∴ 3log 2 x = 27 = 33 ⇒ log 2 x = 3 ⇒ x = 23 = 8
22. Ans. (b), Given, log10 {log10 ( log10 x )} = 0 ⇒ log10 ( log10 x ) = 100 = 1 ∵ log b a = c, ∴ b c = a 
⇒ log10 x = 101 ⇒ x = 1010

5
23. Ans. (b), Given, log 5 x + log x 5 = …(i)
2
1 5  1 
⇒ log 5 x + = ∵ logb a = 
log 5 x 2  log a b 
Let log 5 x = t , ∴ Equation (i) becomes 2t 2 − 5t + 2 = 0 , where t = log 5 x
1
2 1 1 2
⇒ 2t − 5t + 2 = 0 ⇒ t = 2, Hence, log 5 x = 2, ⇒ x=5 , 5 2
2 2
24. Ans. (a), Given, 5log10 x = 50 − x log10 5 …(i)
∵ x log10 5 = x(
log x 5 )(log10 x )
= 5log10 x
∴ Equation (i) becomes, 5log10 x = 50 − 5log10 x ⇒ 2 ⋅ 5log10 x = 50 ⇒ 5log10 x = 52
∴ log10 x = 2 ⇒ x = 102 = 100
25. Ans. (c), log 6 ( 63+1/ 2 ) = 7 / 2
26. Ans. (c), We have log 5 A = 3 ⇒ A = 53 = 125 [ If log b a.log c b = K then, log c a = K ⇒ a = c K ]
1
log 2 17 1/ 3 / 2 log 17
27. Ans. (a), Given = 3 −
( ) 2 =0
1 log 3 23
log 3 23
2
1 1
28. Ans. (c), Given log16 2 = log 2 2 =
4 4
29. Ans. (c), log a a = 1
30. Ans. (b), log x a + log x c = 2 log x b ⇒ log x ac = log x b 2 ⇒ ac = b 2
31. Ans. (a), Given = log ( log ab a + log ab b ) = log ( log ab ab ) = log1 = 0
2 2
32. Ans. (a), ∵ log 5 x + ( log 5 x ) < 2 , or t 2 + t − 2 < 0 , where t = log 5 x or ( t + 2 )( t − 1) < 0
2
 1 
∴ −2 < t < 1 or −2 < log 5 x < 1 , or 5−2 < x < 5 , ∴ x ∈  , 5 
 25 
0
33. Ans. (a), ∵log10 ( log10 log10 x ) = 0 ⇒ log10 ( log10 x ) = (10 ) ⇒ log10 x = 101 ⇒ x = (10)10 .
4 (BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
5 1 5 2
34. Ans. (b) ∵ log 5 x + log x 5 = ⇒ log 5 x + = ⇒ 2 ( log 5 x ) − 5 log 5 x + 2 = 0
2 log 5 x 2
1
⇒ log 5 x = 2, ⇒ x = 25, 5 .
2
35. Ans. (a) ∵ x log10 5 = x log x 5log10 x = 5log10 x , we have 2 ⋅ 5log10 x = 50 ⇒ 5log10 x = 52
∴ log10 x = 2 ⇒ x = 102 = 100
1 1 1
36. Ans. (c), We have, + + = log abc ab + log abc bc + log abc ca
log ab abc log bc abc log ca abc
2
= log abc ( ab × bc × ca ) = log abc ( abc ) = 2 log abc abc = 2
2
37. Ans. (d), We have, 16log4 3 = 4 2 log4 3 = 4log4 3 = 32 = 9
38. Ans. (c), We have, log 3 x + log 9 x1 + log 27 x 3 = 9 ⇒ log 3 x + log32 x 2 + log 33 x 3 = 9
2 3
⇒ log 3 x + log 3 x + log 3 x = 9 ⇒ 3log 3 x = 9 ⇒ log 3 x = 3 ⇒ x = 33 = 27
2 3
39. Ans. (d), We have, 2log3 5 − 5log3 2 = 5log3 2 − 5log3 2 = 0 ∵ x loga y = y loga x 
40. Ans. (b), As log {a log b−log c .blog c −log a .c log a −log b }
= ( log b − log c ) log a + ( log c − log a ) log b + ( log a − log b ) log c = 0

Hence a log b−log c .blog c −log a .c log a −log b = 1
 log
a
log
c
a b c
41. Ans. (c), As log ( ab )  b  ( ca )  a   = log   log ( ab ) + log   log ( bc ) + log   log ( ca )
  b c a
= ( log a − log b )( log a + log b ) + ( log b − log c ) ( log b + log c ) + ( log c − log a )( log c + log a ) = 0
a b c
log   log   log  
b c a
Hence (ab) (bc) (ca ) =1
1 1
42. Ans. (b), We have, + = logb ( c + a ) + logb ( c − a )
log c + a b log c −a b
= log b ( c 2 − a 2 ) = log b b 2 ∵ c 2 − a 2 = b 2 
= 2 log b b = 2
 16   25  81
43. Ans. (a), We have, 7 log   + 5log   + 3log
 15   24  80
7 5 3
 16   25   81    228 510 312 
= log   ×   ×    = log  7 7 × 15 5 × 12 3  = log 2
 15   24   80   3 ×5 2 × 3 2 ×5 
 75/ 2 × 55/ 2  5
log  5/ 2  log17.5
44. Ans. (c), We have,
log 49 7 + log 25 5 − log 4 2
=  2 = 2 =
5
log17.5 log17.5 log17.5 2
3 + log 343 3 + log 73
45. Ans. (a), Given =
1 49 1  1  1 1
2 + log + log   2 + ( log 7 2 − log 22 ) + log 5−3
2 4 3  125  2 3
3 + 3log 7 3 + 3log 7 3 (1 + log 7 ) 3 (1 + log 7 )
= = = = =3
2 + ( log 7 − log 2 ) − log5 2 + log 7 − ( log 2 + log 5) 2 + log 7 − log10 (1 + log 7 )
th
15
 12 + 14 + 18 +161  15
16 15
46. Ans. (c), Given log 2
2 2 2 2 = log 2  2  = log 2 2 = 1 log 2 2 =
16
  8
2
47. {
Ans. (d), Given log10 98 + x 2 − 12 x + 36 = 2 }
{ }
⇒ log10 98 + ( x − 6)2 = 2 ⇒ 98+ | x − 6 | = 102 ⇒ | x − 6 | = 100 − 98 ⇒ | x−6| = 2
⇒ x−6 = ±2 ⇒ x = 4 or 8
3
( log 2 x −3)
48. Ans. (a), Given x 2 = 2−3
3 3
Now take log with base x ⇒ ( log 2 x − 3) = log x 2 −3 ⇒ ( log 2 x − 3) = −3log x 2
2 2
1 1 2
⇒ ( log 2 x − 3) = − ⇒ ( log 2 x ) − 3 ( log 2 x ) + 2 = 0
2 log 2 x
⇒ ( log 2 x − 1)( log 2 x − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ log 2 x = 1 or 2 ⇒ x = 2 or 22
49. Ans. (d), Given log 4 ( 3 x 2 + 11x ) > 1 ⇒ 3 x 2 + 11x > 4

1
⇒ 3 x 2 + 11x − 4 > 0 ⇒ ( x + 4 )( 3x − 1) > 0 ⇒ x < −4 or x >
3
11
But, log 4 ( 3 x 2 + 11x ) is defined only when 3 x 2 + 11x > 0 i.e. for x > 0 or x < −
3
 1  11 
Hence combining  x < −4 or x >  and  x > 0 or x < −  we get x ∈ ( −∞, − 4 ) ∪ (1/ 3, ∞ )
 3  3
50. Ans. (b), We have, log6 ( x + 3) − log6 x = 2
 x + 3 x+3 3
⇒ log 6  =2 ⇒ = 62 ⇒ x + 3 = 36 x ⇒ x =
 x  x 35
(
log x x 2 − 4 x + 5 )
51. Ans. (b), We have, x = x − 1 ⇒ x 2 − 4 x + 5 = x − 1 ⇒ x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 3
  x2 + x   x2 + x  0 x2 + x
52. Ans. (c), Given log 3 log 6    = 0 ⇒ log 6  =3 ⇒ =6
  x − 1   x −1  x −1
⇒ x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 3
1
53.
 {
Ans. (d), Given log8 log 2 log 3 ( x 2 − 4 x + 85)  =
 3 }
⇒ log {log ( x − 4 x + 85)} = 8
2 3
2 1/3
= 2 ⇒ log 3 ( x 2 − 4 x + 85) = 2 2
2
⇒ x 2 − 4 x + 85 = 34 ⇒ x2 − 4 x + 4 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2) = 0 ⇒ x = 2
Ans. (d), We have, log x + 2 ( x 3 − 3 x 2 + 6 x + 8) = 3 ⇒ x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8 = ( x + 2 )

3
54.
⇒ x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8 = x 3 + 6 x 2 + 12 x + 8 ⇒ 9 x 2 + 18 x = 0 ⇒ x = 0, − 2
But, log x + 2 ( x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8) is defined only when x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8 > 0 and x + 2 > 0 ,
∴ rejecting x = −2 we get x = 0
2
55. Ans. (b), Let 2 log x = 4 log 3 , ∴ log x = 2 log 3 = log ( 3) = log 9 ⇒ log x = log 9 ⇒ x=9
∴ The correct option is (b)
Ans. (a), As, 9−1 × 27 −4 / 3 = ( 32 ) × ( 33 )
−1 −4 / 3
56. = 3−2 × 3−4 = 3−6
1
1 1
9−1 × 27 −4 / 3 = ( 3−6 ) 3 = 3−2 = , Now 729 × = 81 = 9 2 = ( 32 ) = 34
3 2
∴
9 9
∴ Given expression = log  4 34  = log ( 34 )  = log 3 , ∴ The correct option is (a)
1/ 4
  
 
1
57. Ans. (b), We know that, = log a b and a log a m = m …(2)
log b a
∴ Given expression = a1/ logb a = a loga b = b
∴ The correct option is (b)
2
1 1
58. Ans. (c), Given log1/ 2  log x ( log 4 32 )  = 2 , ⇒ log x ( log 4 32 ) =   = , ∴ log 4 32 = x1/ 4
2 4
4
5 5  5  625
∴ x1/ 4 = log 4 32 = log 2 2 = . Hence, x =   = . ∴ The correct option is (c)
2 2 2 16
59. Ans. (a), Given l = 1 + log a bc = log a a + log a bc = log a ( abc )
1 1
∴ = = log abc ( a )
l log a ( abc )
1 1
Similarly, we can show that = log abc ( b ) and = log abc ( c )
m n
1 1 1 
∴ Given expression = mn + nl + lm − lmn = lmn  + + − 1
l m n 
= lmn log abc ( a ) + log abc ( b ) + log abc ( c ) − 1 = lmn log abc ( abc ) − 1 = lmn [1 − 1] = 0
∴ Hence option (a) is correct.
3 2
60. Ans. (c), Note that, x3 + 3 x 2 + 3 x + 1 = ( x + 1) and x 2 + 2 x + 1 = ( x + 1) .
3
log ( x + 1) 3
Hence, given = 2
=
log ( x + 1) 2
1 1 1
61. Ans. (b), log 49 28 = log 72 28 = log 7 28 = log 7 ( 7 × 22 ) = (1 + 2 log 7 2 )
2 2 2
1 1 + 2m
= (1 + 2m ) =
2 2
log a 3 2 lο g 3 log 8 2 log b log 3 2
62. Ans. (c), = ,∴ ÷ = ⇒ × =
log b 8 3 log a log b 3 log a log ( 23 ) 3
2 3log 2 2 log 2 log 4
∴ log a b = × = = = log 34
3 log 3 log 3 log 3
1 1
63. Ans. (a), Clearly, log 9 3 = log 32 3 = ( log3 3) = and log 2 4 = log 2 ( 22 ) = 2 ( log 2 2 ) = 2
2 2
∴ Given equation becomes ( 41/ 2 ) + 92 = (10 )
log x 83 1 log x 83
, ∴ ( 83) = (10 )
∴ Taking logs (of both sides) to base 10, log10 83 = log x 83 ⇒ x = 10
5 6 7  256 
64. Ans. (d), Given series = log 4   + log 4   + log 4   + ... + log 4  
4 5 6  255 
th
(BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
) 7
5 6 7 256   256 
 = log 4 ( 64 ) = log 4 ( 4 ) = 3
3
= log 4  × × × .... ×  = log 4 
 4 5 6 255   4 
log 2 63 log 2 ( 32 × 7 ) 2 ( log 2 3) + ( log 2 7 )
65. Ans. (b), As log 140 63 = = =
log 2 140 log 2 ( 2 × 5 × 7 ) 2 ( log 2 2 ) + ( log 2 5 ) + ( log 2 7 )
2
2a + (1/ c ) 2ac + 1
= =
2 + b + (1/ c ) 2c + bc + 1
 x 2 + 15a 2   8ax  2 2
66. Ans. (a),Given equation can be written as: logπ   = logπ   , ⇒ x + 15a = 8ax
 a−2   a − 2 
∴ x 2 − 8ax + 15a 2 = 0 , ∴ ( x − 3a )( x − 5a ) = 0 , ∴ x = 3a = 9, x = 5a , ∴ a = 3
∴ other root 5a = 5 ( 3) = 15
1/ ( log x 8 ) 1/ ( 3⋅log x 2 ) 1/ ( log x 2 ) x
67. Ans. (c),∵ y = 2 ,∴ y=2 , ∴ y3 = 2 , ∴ y 3 = 2log 2 = x , ∴ x = y 3
68. Ans. (c), ∵ 6 x = 7 x + 4 , ∴ x ( log 6 ) = ( x + 4 ) ⋅ log 7 , ∴ x ( log 6 ) = x ( log 7 ) + 4 ( log 7 )
4 ( log 7 ) 4 ( log 7 ) 4c
∴ x ( log 6 − log 7 ) = 4 ( log 7 ) , ∴ x = = =
( log 6 ) − ( log 7 ) ( log 2 ) + ( log 3) − ( log 7 ) a+b−c
1 1
69. Ans. (d), Given, + = log b ( c + a ) + log b ( c − a )
= log b ( c 2 − a 2 ) , where a 2 + b 2 = c 2 = log b ( b 2 ) = 2
log a x log x ( ab )
70. Ans. (a), = = log a ( ab ) = ( log a a ) + ( log a b ) = 1 + log a b
log ab x log x a
Hence the given equation reduces to 1 + log ba = k + 4 + log ba ⇒ k + 4 = 1 ⇒ k = −3
 2 3 4 n
71. Ans. (a) Given = 1 + + + + ..... +  log a b = n log a b = log a b n
 2 3 4 n
72. Ans. (b), log 3 4.log 4 5.log 5 6.log 6 7.log 7 8.log 8 9
log 4 log 5 log 6 log 7 log 8 log 9 log 9
= . . . . . = = log 3 9 = log 3 32 = 2
1 1
log x log 2 x
log x 4
73. Ans. (c), y = 2 =2 log 4 x
=2 22
=2 2
= 2log2 x
= x ⇒ x = y2
74. Ans. (d), Choices (a) and (b) are obviously true.
log a a 4 4
log a4 = = = 8 . So, (c) is also true.
a
log a a 1
2
−4
1
log1/ 2 16 = log1/ 2   = −4 . So, (d) is not true.
2
75. Ans. (a), Put log 2 x = t
t [t − 4] + 4 = 0 ∴ (t − 2) 2 = 0 ∴ t = log 2 x = 2 ∴ x = 22 = 4
 1 
76. Ans. (b), log 4 5 > log1/16   ⇒ log 22 ( 5 ) > log 2−4 ( 5−2 )
 25 
8 ( BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
1 −2 1 1
⇒ log 2 ( 5 ) > log 2 ( 5 ) ⇒ log 2 5 > log 2 5 , which is False.
2 −4 2 2
 a+b 1  a+b 1/ 2 a+b
77. Ans. (a), log   = ( log a + log b ) ⇒ log   = log ( ab ) ⇒ = ab
 2  2  2  2
2 2 2
⇒ ( a + b ) = 4ab ⇒ ( a + b ) − 4ab = 0 ⇒ (a − b) = 0 ⇒ a=b
log a x 0.3 3
78. Ans. (c), log 3 x = = =
log a 3 0.4 4
3
79. Ans. (b), log 9 ( 27 x ) = log 9 27 + log 9 x = log 32 33 + y = +y
2
80. Ans. (a), log e x + log e (1 + x ) = 0 ⇒ log e x (1 + x ) = log e 1
⇒ x ( x + 1) = 1 ⇒ x 2 + x − 1 = 0
81. Ans. (c), log ( x − 3) − log ( x + 9 ) = log ( x − 2 )
 x−3
⇒   = ( x − 2) ⇒ x − 3 = ( x + 9 )( x − 2 ) ⇒ x 2 + 6 x − 15 = 0
 x+9
−6 ± 4 6
⇒ x= = −3 ± 2 6 . Both these values of x make log of negative number.
2
Hence, these solutions are not possible.
Ans. (a), 2 log ( 2 x ) = log ( x 2 + 75 ) ⇒ log ( 2 x ) = log ( x 2 + 75 )
2
82. ⇒ 4 x 2 = x 2 + 75 ⇒ x = ±5
But x = −5 gives log of negative number. ∴ Only possible value of x is x = 5 .
1 1
83. Ans. (b), log 3 3 125 + = log 3 5 + log 3 3 = log 3 ( 5.31/ 3 ) and 27 = 33
3 3
Given expression = 3
(
3log3 5.31/ 3 ) = 3log (5 .3) = 53.3 = 375
3
3
( 2)
2
84. Ans. (c), 2 log 2
2 = 2 log 2
= 4 log 2
2 = 4,
log 4 256 = log 4 44 = 4 log 4 4 = 4, log 2 4 = log 2 22 = 2 log 2 2 = 2

log 2 2 = 1 . Hence given sum = 1 + 4 = 5 .
85. Ans. (c), Here we use the fact that log x a.log b x = log b a
1 1
∴ Given expression = log16 2 = log 24 2 = log 2 2 =
4 4
1 2
86. Ans. (a), log 5 5 5 = log 53 / 2 5 = log 5 5 =
3/ 2 3
2
87. Ans. (c), log 0.01 0.0001 = log 0.01 ( 0.01) = 2 log 0.01 ( 0.01) = 2
88. Ans. (d), log ( 8 − 10 x − 12 x 2 ) = 3log ( 2 x − 1) …(1)
⇒ 8 − 10 x − 12 x 2 > 0, 2 x − 1 > 0 …(2)

1
⇒ ( 2 x − 1) ( 4 x 2 + 2 x + 9 ) = 0
3
and 8 − 10 x − 12 x 2 = ( 2 x − 1) ⇒ x=
2
But it makes log of −ve Hence no solution
 x2 
89. Ans. (c), For x = −2, we have log 4   − 2 log 4 ( 4 x 4 )
 4 
th
( BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
) 9
6
= log 4 1 − 2 log 22 ( 26 ) = 0 − 2 × log 2 2 = −6
2
log 36 × log 5 2 log 6 × log 5
90. Ans. (b) log x = = = 2 log 5 . ⇒ log x = log 52 ⇒ x = 25 .
log 6 log 6
log 64 × log 6 2 log 8
Now log y = = = log 8 . ∴ y = 8 .
log 36 2
91. Ans. (a) As a x = b y = c z
⇒ log a x = log b y = log c z ⇒ x log a = y log b = z log c = λ (say)
λ λ λ
⇒ log a = ⇒ log b = ⇒ log c =
x y x
Our aim is to eliminate a,b,c Now log b a = log c b
λ λ
log a log b y y z
⇒ = ⇒ x = ⇒ = ⇒ y 2 = xz
log b log c λ λ x y
y z
( )
6
92. Ans. (d) Let the number be x then given ⇒ log 8
x=6.∴x= 8 = 83 = 64 × 8 = 512
2 2
93. Ans. (a) As log 4 7 = x . Hence log 7 4 = 1/ x . Given = log 7 ( 4 ) = 2 log 7 4 = 2 / x ⇒ log 7 16 =
x
94. Ans (a) ∵ log 2 x = 4 , ∴ x = 24 = 16 .
95. Ans. (a), log 2 x + log 2 x = −6 , but x must be positive because of presence of log x
Hence, x = x . ∴ the given equation become log 2 x + log 2 x = −6
1
⇒ 2 log 2 x = −6 ⇒ log 2 x = −3 ⇒ x = 2 −3 =
8
9 27 3 9 32 3
96. Ans (d) log10 − log10 + log10 = log10 × × = log10 1 = 0 .
8 32 4 8 27 4
97. Ans (b) log 3 log 4 x > 0 ⇒ log 4 x > 1 ⇒ x > 41 ⇒ x > 4 .
[ log3 P > 0 ⇒ P > 1for base > 1]
98. Ans. (d), x y = 27log3 4 = 33log3 4 = 3
( ) = 3log 64 = 64
log3 43
3
∵ a loga m = m 
 
99. Ans. (d), x, y , z are consecutive integers ⇒ x = y − 1 and z = y + 1
Then, log ( xz + 1) = log {( y − 1)( y + 1) + 1} = log {( y 2
}
− 1) + 1 = log y 2 = 2 log y
A
10log10 x x 1 A 1
100. Ans. (b), Y = 2
= 2 = Now, x = Y ⇒ x=  ⇒ A = −1 .
x x x  x
101. Ans. (c), logπ ( log 2 ( log 7 x ) ) = 0 ⇒ log 2 ( log 7 x ) = π 0 = 1 ⇒ log 7 x = 21 = 2 ⇒ x = 72
1
102. Ans. (d), log 27 ( log 3 x ) =⇒ log 3 x = 271/3 = 3 ⇒ x = 33 = 27 .
3
103. Ans (a) log10 x < 1 ⇒ 0 < x < 10
1
1/log x ( 8 ) log x log 2 x
104. Ans (c) y = 2 ⇒ y = 2log8 x ⇒ y = 2 23
⇒ y = 23 ⇒ y 3 = 2log 2 x ⇒ y 3 = x ⇒ x = y 3
105. Ans. (a) Given, log 2 ( log 3 81) = log 2 log 3 ( 3) { 4
} = log {4 log 3} = log ( 4)
2 3 2
2
= log 2 ( 2 ) = 2 log 2 2 = 2 ×1 = 2
106. Ans. (d) log 3 log 3 [ log 3 x ] = log 3 3 ⇒ log 3 [ log 3 x ] = 3 ⇒ log3 x = 33 ⇒ log 3 x = 27 ⇒ x = 327
log e a log e b log e c
107. Ans. (b), xyz = ( log b a ) . ( log c b ) . ( log a c ) = . . =1
log e b log e c log e a
7 7
108. Ans. (a), log8 128 = log 23 ( 27 ) = log 2 2 =
3 3
log7 52( )
109. Ans. (b) 7 2log7 5 = 7 = 52 = 25
110. Ans. (a) We know that nloga m = mloga n . Hence 3log5 2 = 2log5 3 ⇒ 3log5 2 − 2log5 3 = 0
 1 1 
111. Ans. (c),  +  = log12 3 + log12 4 = log12 ( 3 × 4 ) = log12 12 = 1
 log 3 12 log 4 12 
( )
4
112. Ans. (b), We have, 324 = 22 × 34 = 3 2 ∴
(3 2 )
4
log 3 2 324 = log 3 2
= 4 log 3 2 3 2 = 4
log x
113. Ans. (b), We have 1 < a < x ⇒ 0 < log a < log x ⇒ > 0 , we know that A.M ≥ G.M for
log a
positive numbers
log a x + log x a log x log a log x log a log x log a
∴ ≥ × ⇒ + ≥2 ×
2 log a log x log a log x log a log x
⇒ log a x + log x a ≥ 2 , Hence, the minimum value of log a x + log x a is 2.
 a + 10b + 102 c   4  a + 10b + 102 c  
114. Ans. (d), log10  −4 −3 −2 
= log10 10  2 
= log10 10 4 = 4 log10 10 = 4
 10 a + 10 b + 10 c    a + 10b + 10 c  
115. Ans. (b), log10 6400 = log10 ( 64 ×100 ) = log10 64 + log10 100
6 6
= log10 26 + log10 102 = 6 log10 2 + 2 log10 10 = + 2 ×1 = + 2 [∵ log 2 10 = x (given)]
log 2 10 x
116. Ans. (b), 7

(
log7 x 2 − 4 x + 5 ) = x −1 ⇒ x2 − 4x + 5 = x − 1
⇒ x 2 − 5x + 6 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 )( x − 3) = 0 ⇒ x = 2 or x = 3
∴ The real roots of the given equation are 2 and 3.
117. Ans. (b), log 3 5 = a and log 3 2 = b
∴ log 3 300 = log 3

( 3 ×100 ) = log 3
3 + log 3 100
= log 3 ( 3 ) + log
2
3 (10 ) = 2 log
2
3
3 + 2 log 3 10 = 2 × 1 + 2 log 3
(5 × 2 )
( )
= 2 + 2 log 3 5 + log 3 2 = 2 + 2 ( a + b ) = 2 ( a + b + 1)
118. Ans. (d), 7loga m + 7 mloga 7 = 56 ⇒ 7loga m + 7 7loga m = 56 { }

⇒ 8.7loga m = 56 ⇒ 7loga m = 7 ⇒ log a m = 1 ⇒ a1 = m ⇒ m = a
(
119. Ans. (a), log 49 ( 28 ) = log 72 7 × 22 = log 72 7 + log 72 22 )
th
BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
( ) 11
1 2 1 1
= log 7 7 + log 7 2 = + λ = ( 2λ + 1)
2 2 2 2
120. Ans. (c), log 4 ( x 3 + x 2 ) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2 ⇒ log 4 { x 2 ( x + 1)} − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2
⇒ log 4 ( x 2 ) + log 4 ( x + 1) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2 [∵ loga mn = loga m + loga n ]

⇒ log 4 x 2 = 2 ⇒ x 2 = 42 ⇒ x=4 (∵ x > 0 given )
121. Ans. (c), log 4 2 + log 4 4 + log 4 x + log 4 16 = 6
46 4096
⇒ log 4 ( 2 × 4 × x × 16 ) = 6 ⇒ log 4 (128 x ) = 6 ⇒ 46 = 128 x ⇒ x = = = 32
128 128
122. Ans. (c), log x + log x3 + log x 5 + ... + log x 2 n −1 = log x.x3 .x5 ...x 2 n −1 ( )
= log x(1+3+5+....+ 2 n −1) = log x n = ( n 2 ) log x
2
 1  1  1  1 
123. Ans. (b), log 3  1 +  + log 3  1 +  + log 3  1 +  + ...log 3  1 + 
 3  4  5  80 
4 5 6  81   4 5 6 80 81 
= log 3   + log 3   + log 3   + ...... + log 3   = log 3  . . .... . 
 3 4 5  80   3 4 5 79 80 
 81 
= log 3   = log 3 27 = log 3 33 = 3log 3 3 = 3
 3
( )
124. Ans. (b), log 99 ( log 2 ( log 3 x ) ) = 0 ⇒ log 2 ( log3 x ) = 990
⇒ log 2 ( log3 x ) = 1 ⇒ log 3 x = 21 ⇒ log 3 x = 2 ⇒ x = 32 = 9

1999
125. Ans. (c), ∑ log
x =1
n x = log n 1 + log n 2 + ..... + log n 1999 = log n (1.2.....1999 )
= log n (1999!) = logn n = 1 [∵ n = 1999]

2
log x (1− x )
126. Ans. (d), x = 9 . Taking log to the base x on both sides, we get,
{log (1 − x ) } log
x
2
x x = log x 9
2
⇒ log x (1 − x ) = log x 9
2
⇒ (1 − x ) = 9 ⇒ 1 − x = ±3 ⇒ x = −2 or x = 4 ⇒ x=4
2
[Neglecting x = −2 as log to a negative base is not defined and so log x (1 − x ) is not defined]
∴ The solution set of the given equation is {4} .
1 1
127. Ans. (d), log 2 + log a + log b = log ( a + b )
2 2
2 2
⇒ 2 log 2 + log a + log b = 2 log ( a + b ) ⇒ log 2 2 + log a + log b = log ( a + b ) ⇒ log ( 4ab ) = log ( a + b )
2 2 2
⇒ 4ab = ( a + b ) ⇒ ( a + b ) − 4ab = 0 ⇒ (a − b) = 0 ⇒ a−b=0 ⇒a=b
128. Ans. (d), 2 x.3x + 4 = 7 x . Taking log to the base e, on both sides we get, log e ( 2 x.3x + 4 ) = log e ( 7 x )
( ) ( ) ( )
⇒ log e 2 x + log e 3x + 4 = log e 7 x ⇒ x log e 2 + ( x + 4 ) log e 3 = x log e 7
⇒ x ( log e 2 + log e 3) + 4 log e 3 = x log e 7 ⇒ x log e 6 + 4 log e 3 = x log e 7
( )
4 log e 3
⇒ x ( log e 7 − log e 6 ) = 4 log e 3 ⇒ x =
log e 7 − log e 6
( ) ( )
3
 
129. Ans. (c) log10  1 + x (1 − x ) 2  = log10 100 1 − x 2 ⇒ 1 − x 2 (1 − x ) = 100 1 − x 2
 
⇒ 1 − x 2 (1 − x − 100 ) = 0 ⇒ x = ±1, x = −99 . But x = −99, ± 1 do not lie in the domain.
(
So, no solution exist. [ for x = +1 the expression 3log10 1 − x is undefined )
( for x = −1, log 10 1 + x is undefined ) and ( for x = −99 the expression log 1 − x 2 is undefined )
log e p log e m log e λ
130. Ans. (d), We have, log a p = , log p m = , log m λ =
log e a log e p log e m
 loge p loge m loge λ  loge λ
. .
( log a p )( log p m )( log m λ )  
 loge a loge p loge m 
∴ a =a =a loge a
= a loga λ = λ
131. Ans. (d), log 2 ( 3x − 2 ) = log1/2 x
1
⇒ log 2 ( 3 x − 2 ) = log 2−1 x = − log 2 x ⇒ log 2 ( 3x − 2 ) = log 2 x −1 ⇒ ( 3x − 2 ) = x −1 =
( ) x
1
⇒ x ( 3x − 2 ) = 1 ⇒ 3x 2 − 2 x − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( 3x + 1)( x − 1) = 0 ⇒ x=− or x = 1
3
 1
⇒ x =1 ∵ log 2 ( 3 x − 2 ) is not defined when x = − 3 
132. Ans. (c), 32/ log5 9 + 95/ log2 3 − 81/ log7 2 = 32log9 5 + 95log3 2 − 8log2 7
5log3 2 log 2 7
( ) ( )
10 3
= 32log9 5 + 32 − 23 = 3log3 5 + 310log3 2 − 23log2 7 = 3log3 5 + 3log3 2 − 2log2 7
= 5 + 210 − 73 = 5 + 1024 − 343 = 686
133. Ans. (a), Given log 7 log5 ( x+5 + x =0 ) ⇒ log 5 ( )
x + 5 + x = 70 = 1
⇒ ( x + 5 + x = 51 = 5 ) ⇒ x +5 = 5− x ⇒ x + 5 = 25 + x − 10 x [By Squaring both sides]
⇒ 10 x = 20 ⇒ x =2 ⇒ x = 4 ∴ x = 4 is a solution of the given equation.

1  −1 
134. Ans. (a), x = log  1    = log 7−1 5−1 =   log 7 5
 5 ( )  −1 
( )
7
= log 7 5 < log 7 7 = 1 Hence x < 1

1  −1 
Also, y = log  1    = log 5−1 ( 7 −1 ) =   log5 7
 7 ( )  −1 
 5
= log 5 7 > log 5 5 = 1 [∵ 7 > 5 ⇒ log5 7 > log 5 5]

Hence y > 1 . ∴ x < 1 < y i.e., x < y .
x
135. Ans. (c), x = log 0.1 0.001 ⇒ ( 0.1) = 0.001 ⇒ x = 3
( )
2
y = log 9 81 ⇒ 9 y = 81 ⇒ y = 2 . ∴ x − 2 y = 3− 2 2 = 2 −1 = 2 −1
 −3 
Alternatively : x = log 0.1 0.001 = log10−1 (10−3 ) =   log10 10 = 3
 −1 
th
) 13
4
( )
2
y = log 9 81 = log 32 34 =   log 3 3 = 2 . ∴ x − 2 y = 3 − 2 2 = 2 −1 = 2 −1
2
136. Ans. (b), log 3 5 − 2 x > 4 ⇒ 5 − 2 x > 34 = 81
⇒ 5 − 2 x < −81 or 5 − 2 x > 81 ∵ x > a ⇒ x < − a or x > a 

⇒ −2 x < −86 or −2 x > 76 ⇒ x > 43 or x < −38
⇒ x ∈ ( 43, ∞ ) or x ∈ ( −∞, − 38) ⇒ x ∈ ( −∞, − 38 ) ∪ ( 43, ∞ )
( ) ( )
137. Ans. (d), log 2 20 log 2 80 − log 2 5 log 2 320 = log 2 22 × 5 .log 2 24 × 5 − log 2 5.log 2 26 × 5 ( )
{ ( ) }{ ( ) }
= log 2 2 2 + log 2 5 . log 2 24 + log 2 5 − log 2 5. log 2 26 + log 2 5 { ( ) }
= {( 2 log 2 2 ) + log 2 5}. {4 log 2 2 + log 2 5} − log 2 5. {6log 2 2 + log 2 5}
2 2
= ( 2 + log 2 5) . ( 4 + log 2 5) − log 2 5.{6 + log 2 5} = 8 + 6log 2 5 + ( log 2 5) − 6log 2 5 − ( log 2 5 ) = 8
1 1 1 1
138. Ans. (a), + + + = log10 25 + log10 4 + log10 2 + log10 5
log 25 10 log 4 10 log 2 10 log 5 10
= log10 ( 25 × 4 ) + log10 ( ) ( )
2 × 5 = log10 100 + log10 10 = log10 10 2 + log10 101/ 2 ( )
1 1  1 5
= 2 log10 10 + log10 10 = ( 2 × 1) +  × 1  = 2 + =
2 2  2 2
139. Ans (d) Given equation ⇒ 2 log ( x + 1) − log ( x 2 − 1) = log 2
2
⇒ log
( x + 1) = log 2 ⇒
x +1
=2⇒ x=3
2
x −1 x −1
2 3
log 33 ( 32 ) log 42 ( 4 ) log 3 3 × log 4 4
3
140. Ans (c)

( log 27 9 )( log16 64 ) = =3 2 1
= =4
log 4 2  1 1 1
log 22  2 2  log 2 2
2× 2 4
 
141. Ans (b) ( log x x )( log3 2 x )( log 2 x y ) = log x x 2 ⇒ 1( log 3 2 x )( log 2 x y ) = 2 ⇒ log 3 y = 2 ⇒ y = 32 = 9
1 1 1
142. Ans. (b), + + .... + = log n 2 + log n 3 + .... + log n 1000
log 2 n log 3 n log1000 n
= log n ( 2.3.4..1000 ) = log n (1000!) = log n n = 1
143. Ans. (d), log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2 ( )

2 = log 2 log 2 log 4 44 + 2 log 2 ( 2) 2
= log 2 log 2 4 + 4
 4 ( )
∵ log 4 4 = 4 log 4 = 4 × 1 = 4 and log
4 2 ( 2 ) = 2 log
2
2
2 = 2

( )
= log 2 log 2 22 + 4 = log 2 2 + 4 = 1 + 4 = 5 ∵ log 2 ( 22 ) = 2 log 2 2 = 2 × 1 = 2 
 
1 1 1
144. Ans. (d), + + = log xyz xy + log xyz yz + log xyz zx
2
= log xyz {xy. yz. zx} = log xyz ( xyz ) = 2 log xyz xyz = 2 × 1 = 2
145. Ans. (a), log a tan1° + log10 tan 2° + ..... + log10 tan 89° = log10 ( tan1° tan 2°.....tan 89° )
= log10 {( tan1°.tan 89° )( tan 2°.tan 88° ) ..... ( tan 44°. tan 46° )( tan 45° )}
= log10 {( tan1°.cot1° )( tan 2°.cot 2° ) .... ( tan 44°.cot 44° )( tan 45° )}
= log10 {1.1..1} = log10 1 = 0

1 1 1
146. Ans. (b), + +
log xy
xyz log yz
xyz log zx
xyz
= log xyz xy + log xyz yz + log xyz zx = log xyz ( )

xy . yz . zx = log xyz ( xyz ) = 1
1/ 2 1/ 2
 log  + + +...∞  
1 1 1 
 2log
1

147. Ans. (d), ( 0.16 ) 2.5  3 32 33  = ( 0.4 ) 2.5  2  
   
 1
  1

= ( 0.4 ) 2.5  2   = ( 0.4 )  25   2   = ( 0.4 )  52 −1  = ( 0.4 )  52 2  = ( 0.4 ) 0.4  = 2
log log log ( 2 ) −1 log log 2
      
    
2
148. Ans (b) log 2 ( x − 1) = 2 log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)
2
⇒ ( x − 1) = ( x − 3) ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0 ⇒ x = 2,5 . Since, x = 2 does not satisfy the equation.
Hence, x = 5 is only solution.
[ for logarithm the values got should be checked for validity. Here x = 2 doesn’t satisfy log 2 ( x − 3) ]
1
log 2 3 2
149. Ans. (c) 4 3
+ 9log 2 2 = 10log x 83 ⇒ 4 2 + 92 = 10log x 83 ⇒ 2 + 81 = 10log x 83 ⇒ 83 = 10log x 83
⇒ 83 = 83log x 10 ⇒ log x 10 = 1 ⇒ x = 10
1  1
150. Ans. (c) 2 log10 x − log x = 2 log10 x + 2 log x 10 = 2  t +  ≥ 4, where t = log10 x
100  t
And as x > 1 Hence t is +ve
1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2
151. Ans. (a) 2 log 8 2 − log 3 9 = 2 log 23 2 − log 3 ( 3) = log 2 2 − ⋅ 2 log 3 3 = (1) − (1) = − = 0 .
3 ( ) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
152. Ans. (a) ∵log 2 x, log 3 x, log x 16 are given to be in G.P.
2 2
∴ ( log 3 x ) = log 2 x ⋅ log x 16 ⇒ ( log 3 x ) = log 2 16
2
( log 3 x ) = 4 log 2 2 ⇒ log 3 x = 2 ⇒ x = 32 = 9 .
 2 1 
( log 3 x ) = 4. ∴log 3 x = ± 2 but log 3 x = −2 ⇒ x = 3 = 9 as given x > 1
−2

 
 Hence rejecting x = 1 ∴ log x will be taken positive Now log x = 2 ⇒ x = 9 
 9
3 3

1  1 
153. Ans. (c), We have, logb a + log a b = logb a + ∵ log a m = log a 
logb a  m 
1  1 
= x+ ≥ 2 , where x = log b a ∵ x + x ≥ 2 ∀ x ∈ R, x ≠ 0 
x  
∴ The minimum value of logb a + log a b is 2.
2
log 2 (343) log ( 343) log 2 ( 343)
154. Ans. (d), 2 2
=2 23 / 2
= 23
2/3
log 2 ( 343)
=2 = 2log2 49 ∵ ( 343)2 / 3 = 7 2 = 49 
 
= 49
th
) 15
155. Ans. (a), Let x = log1/ 2 5 = log 2−1 5 = − log 2 5 = log 2 5−1 = − log 2 5 < 0
( )
Let y = log 2 3 > 0 Hence log1/2 5 < log 2 3.
2x
n
 21   22   23   2n 
156. Ans. (d), ∑ log x −1 = log  0  + log  1  + log  2  + ..... + log  n−1 
x =1 3 3  3  3  3 
 n( n +1)  n /2
 21 22 23 2n   21+2+3+...+ n  2 2   2n +1 
= log  0 . 1 . 2 ... n −1  = log  0+1+2+..+( n −1)  = log  ( n −1)n  = log  n −1 
3 3 3 3  3  3 2  3 
 
157. Ans. (d), Given 6 x = 7 x+4 . Taking logarithm on both sides, we get, x log 6 = ( x + 4 ) log 7
⇒ x log ( 2 × 3) = ( x + 4 ) log 7 ⇒ x {log 2 + log 3} = ( x + 4 ) log 7
⇒ x {a + b} = ( x + 4 ) c [∵ log 2 = a,log 3 = b,log 7 = c ]
4c
⇒ x ( a + b − c ) = 4c ⇒ x=
a+b−c
log a log b log c
158. Ans. (a), We have, = = = λ ( say ) . Then, log a = 3λ , log b = 7λ , log c = 11λ
3 7 11
Let P = a 4b3c −3 . Then, log P = 4 log a + 3log b − 3log c
⇒ log P = 4 ( 3λ ) + 3 ( 7λ ) − 3 (11λ ) = 12λ + 21λ − 33λ = 0 ⇒ P = e0 = 1
3
log 3 5 × log 25 27 × log 49 7 log 3 5 × log 52 3 × log 72 7
159. Ans. (c), =
log 81 3 log 34 3
3 1
log 3 5 × log 5 3 × log 7 7 log e 5 log e 3
= 2 2 = 3log 3 5 × log 5 3 = 3 × × =3
1 log 3 log 5
log 3 3 e e
4
 log n log 2n log 3n 
160. Ans. (a), 1 + abc = 1 + ( log 2 n n log3n 2n log 4 n 3n ) = 1 +  . . 
 log 2n log 3n log 4n 
log n 2
= 1+ = 1 + log 4 n n = log 4 n 4n + log 4 n n = log 4 n 4n 2 = log 4 n ( 2n ) = 2 log 4 n 2n
log 4n
log 2n log 2n log 3n
= 2. = 2. . = 2 log 3n 2n.log 4 n 3n = 2bc
log 4n log 3n log 4n
161. Ans. (c), log x 484 − log x 4 + log x 14641 − log x 1331 = 3
⇒ log x ( 2 2 × 112 ) − log x ( 2 2 ) + log x (114 ) − log x (113 ) = 3
⇒ log x 22 + log x 112 − log x 2 2 + log x 114 − log x 113 = 3

⇒ 2 log x 2 + 2 log x 11 − 2 log x 2 + 4 log x 11 − 3log x 11 = 3
⇒ 3log x 11 = 3 ⇒ log x 11 = 1 ⇒ x1 = 11 ⇒ x = 11
162. Ans. (c), x = loga ( bc ) ⇒ a x = bc …(i) y = logb ( ca ) ⇒ b y = ca …(ii)
z = log c ( ab ) ⇒ c z = ab …(iii)
Multiplying (i), (ii) and (iii), we get, a x b y c z = a 2b 2c 2 . Clearly, x = y = z = 2 .
∴ xyz = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 and x + y + z = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 . Consequently, xyz = x + y + z + 2 .
16 ( BY R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES
)
 1  −10
 = log 210 / 3 ( 2 ) =
−10
163. Ans. (b), log  log 2 = −3
4 3 42
 1024  (10 / 3) 2
−1 −1 −1  1 1 1 
164. Ans. (b), lim ( log 2 N ) + ( log 3 N ) + ..... + ( log n N ) = lim  + + ..... + 
N →∞ N →∞ log N log3 N log n N 
 2
= lim [log N 2 + log N 3 + .... + log N n ]
N →∞
= lim log N ( 2.3...n ) = lim log n! ( n !) = lim 1 = 1

N →∞ N →∞ N →∞
165. Ans. (d), We have, log e x + log e

x + log 3 e x + ..... + log10 e x
1 1 1
= log e x + log e x + log e x + ..... + log x
(1/ 2 ) (1/ 3) (1/10 ) e
10 × 11
= log e x + 2 log e x + 3log e x + ..... + 10 log e x = (1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + 10 ) log e x = log e x
2
= 55log e x = log e x 55
log e x + log x + log 3 x +..+ log10 x 55
Now, e = x11n ⇒ eloge x = x11n ⇒ x 55 = x11n ⇒ 11n = 55 ⇒ n = 5
e e e
log a log b log c

…(i) ∴ log a = k ( b − c ) ⇒ a = e ( )
k b−c
166. Ans. (c), Let = = =k …(ii)
b−c c−a a−b
log b = k ( c − a ) ⇒ b = e k ( c −a ) …(iii) log c = k ( a − b ) ⇒c=e
k ( a −b )
…(iv)
{ } { }{ }
a b c
k ( b −c ) k (c−a) k ( a −b )
And so, a ab b c c = e . e . e [Using (ii), (iii) & (iv)]
= e kab−kca .e kbc −kab .ekca −kbc = ekab −kca + kbc −kab + kca −kbc = e0 = 1
1 1 10
167. Ans. (c), Let log 2 x = p. Then, log x 2 = = ∴ log 2 x + log x 2 =
log 2 x p 3
1 10 10
⇒ p+ = ⇒ p2 − p +1 = 0 ⇒ 3 p 2 − 10 p + 3 = 0
p 3 3
1 1
⇒ ( 3 p − 1)( p − 3) = 0 ⇒ p= or p = 3 ∴ log 2 x = or log 2 x = 3 ⇒ x = 21/3 or x = 8
3 3
Similarly, y = 21/3 or y = 8. Since, x ≠ y we can take x = 8 and y = 21/3 . Or x = 21/ 3 and y = 8
∴ x + y = 8 + 21/3 .
−2
168. Ans. (d), 2 log10 x − log x 0.01 = 2 log10 x − log x (10 ) = 2 log10 x + 2 log x 10
2
= 2 log10 x +
log10 x
  1  
∵ x > 1 ⇒ log10 x > 0 and so  log10 x + ≥2 
 1    log10 x  
= 2  log10 x + ≥4
 log10 x   1 
since a > 0 ⇒  a +  ≥ 2 
  a 
∴ The least value of 2 log10 x − log x 0.01 for x > 1 is 4 .
1
169. Ans. (b), Given, log 0.3 ( x − 1) < log0.09 ( x − 1) ⇒ log 0.3 ( x − 1) < log 0.3 ( x − 1)
2
 1
⇒  1 −  log 0.3 ( x − 1) < 0 ⇒ log0.3 ( x − 1) < 0
 2
th
0 ∵ we know that when 0 < a < 1 

⇒ ( x − 1) > ( 0.3)  then log m < 0 ⇒ m > 1 
 a 
 Also, note that log 0.3 ( x − 1) and log 0.09 ( x − 1) are defined 
⇒ ( x − 1) > 1 ⇒ x>2  
only when x − 1 > 0 i.e. when x > 1 
⇒ x ∈ ( 2, ∞ )
170. Ans. (b), log a ( a ) = log ( a ) = 12 log

a
1/ 2
a
1
a = ×1 =
2
1
2
∴ log a ( a ) = 12 is true.
2 2
log a log b ( log a ) + ( log b )
log b a + log a b = + = ≠ log ab ( a + b )
log b log a log a log b
∴ logb a + log a b = log ab ( a + b ) is not true.
log N log N log N log N log N log N
log a N + log1/ a N = + = + = − =0
log a log 1 log a ( − log a ) log a log a
a
∴ log a N + log1/ a N = 0 is true.
log a 2 N − log a N = log a 2 + log a N − log a N = log a 2 ∴ log a 2 N − log a N = log a 2 is true.
log e 3 log e 2 log e 2 log e 2 log e 3 log e 2 log e 3
171. Ans. (b), x = log8 3.log10 2 = . = 3
. = . =
log e 8 log e 10 log e 2 log e 10 3log e 2 log e 10 3log e 10
log e 4 log e 9 log e 22 log e 32 2 log e 2 2 log e 3 log e 3
y = log10 4.log16 9 = . = . = . =
log e 10 log e 16 log e 10 log e 24 log e 10 4 log e 2 log e 10
x log e 3 log e 10 1
∴ = × = = 3−1
y 3log e 10 log e 3 3
172. Ans. (a) Given, log10 ( x + 1) + log10 5 = 3 ⇒ log10 5 ( x + 1) = 3 ⇒ 5 ( x + 1) = (10 ) ⇒ 5 x + 5 = 1000
3
⇒ 5 x = 995 ⇒ x = 199
173. Ans. (a) We know that x log x 2 = 2. Hence, Given ⇒ 2= log 3 ( x + y ) ⇒ x + y = 9 also given x 2 + y 2 = 65
⇒ x = 8, y = 1 or x = 1, y = 8 ( but x ≠ 1) . ∴ x = 8, y = 1
1 1 1
174. Ans. (a) log a n log b n + log b n log c n + log c n log a n = + +
log n a log n b log n b log n c log n c log n a
 1  log n c + log n a + log n b log n ( abc ) log a n log b n log c n
∵ log m n = = = =
 log n m  log n a log n b log n c log n a log n b log n c log abc n
175. Ans. (a) We have, log 4 7 = x . ∴ log 7 16 = log 7 4 × 4 = log 7 4 2 = 2 log 7 4
1 1 2
=2× = 2× =
log 4 7 x x
 7
176. Ans. (c), log 3 2, log 3 ( 2 x − 5) and log 3  2 x −  are in A.P.
 2
 7
⇒ 2 log 3 ( 2 x − 5) = log 3 2 + log 3  2 x − 
 2
  7 
( )
2
⇒ log 3 2 x − 5 = log 3 2  2 x −   [∵ log a m = log a mn and log a m + log a n = log a mn ]
  2 
 7  7
( )
2 2
⇒ 2x − 5 = 2  2x −  ⇒ ( y − 5 ) = 2  y −  , where y = 2 x ⇒ y 2 − 12 y + 32 = 0
 2  2 
⇒ ( y − 4 )( y − 8 ) = 0 ⇒ y = 4 or y = 8 ⇒ 2 x = 4 or 2 x = 8 ⇒ x = 2 or x = 3
1 1 1 1
177. Ans. (a), We have, n ( n + 1) λ = + + + ... +
log 2 m log 4 m log8 m log 2n m
= log m 2 + log m 4 + log m 8 + ...... + log m 2n = log m 2 + log m 22 + log m 23 + ..... + log m 2n
= log m 2 + 2 log m 2 + 3log m 2 + ..... + n log m 2 ∵ log a m p = p log a m 
n ( n + 1) 1
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n ) log m 2 = log m 2 = n ( n + 1) log m 2 = n ( n + 1) log m 2
2 2
∴ λ = log m 2
 9 x −1 + 7  9 x −1 + 7
(
178. Ans. (c), log 2 9 x −1 + 7 − log 2 3x −1 + 1 = 2 ) ( ) ⇒ log 2  x −1
3 + 1
=2 ⇒ x −1
3 +1
= 22
 
⇒ 9 x −1 + 7 = 4 ( 3x −1 + 1) ⇒ 32( x −1) + 7 = 4 3x −1 + 1 ( ) ⇒ y 2 + 7 = 4 ( y + 1) where y = 3x −1
⇒ y2 − 4 y + 3 = 0 ⇒ ( y − 1)( y − 3) = 0 ⇒ y = 1 or y = 3 ⇒ 3x −1 = 1 or 3x −1 = 3 ∵ y = 3x −1 
⇒ x − 1 = 0 or x − 1 = 1 ⇒ x = 1 or x = 2
3(
log x −4 ) 2 log 3 ( x − 4 )
179. Ans. (d), 3 < 6− x ⇒3 < 6− x
 1  
∵ log 3
( x − 4 ) =   log 3 ( x − 4 ) = 2 log 3 ( x − 4 )
 1/ 2  
2
log 3 ( x − 4 ) 2
⇒ 3 < 6− x ⇒ ( x − 4) < 6 − x
⇒ x 2 − 8 x + 16 < 6 − x ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 < 0 ⇒ ( x − 5)( x − 2 ) < 0 ⇒ 2 < x < 5 ⇒ x ∈ ( 2,5) .
2 −( log5 256/ 2log5 9 )
 1   1 
(3 ) .(3 ) ( )
2
−3/ 2 2 −3/ 2 − log5 256 / log5 9
180. Ans. (d),   .  =
 27   27 
3  
3
(
log5 28 / log5 34 )
log
2   34 
28 ( )

3 8 
 log 2
24 3 
= 3−3.3 2 = 3 .3 −3    
= 3 .3 −3
3 3/2
( )
log 3 23 2 2
= 3−3.33log3 2 = 3−3.3 = 3−3.23 =   =  
 3  3
181. Ans. (d) Suppose the number be x .
6
 1
( )
6
∴ By given information log 8 x = 6 ⇒ x = 8 =  8 2  = 83 = 512
 
log 5 log 5 log 5 2
182. Ans (a) log 5 5 5 = = = =
1 3
log 5 5 log 5 + log 5 log 5 3
2 2
 
(
1
) ( ) ( )
−1
183. Ans. (b) log a + a 2 + 1 + log  2 2
 = log a + a + 1 + log a + a + 1
2
 a + a +1 
(
= log a + a 2 + 1 − log a + a 2 + 1 = 0 ) ( )
184. Ans. (d), We know that log a x > 0 for x > 1 if a > 1
th
 x−2 x−2
∴ log e  >0 ⇒ > 1 [∵ e > 1]
 x −3 x−3
Also, x − 2 ≠ 0 and x − 3 ≠ 0 i.e. x ≠ 2 and x ≠ 3
x−2 x−2 1
Now, >1 ⇒ −1 > 0 ⇒ > 0 ⇒ x−3> 0
x−3 x−3 x−3
 1 1 
∵ x − 3 > 0 ⇒ x − 3 is positive which is possible only if x − 3 > 0.
⇒ x > 3 i.e., x ∈ ( 3, ∞ ) .
(
185. Ans. (c), log1/3 1 + x + log1/3 (1 + x ) = 2 ) {(
⇒ log1/3 1 + x (1 + x ) = 2 ) }
2
1 1 8
( )
⇒ 1 + x (1 + x ) =  
 3
⇒ x 3/2 + x + x1/2 + 1 =
9
⇒ x3/ 2 + x + x1/ 2 +
9
=0
⇒ 9t 3 + 9t 2 + 9t + 8 = 0 …(i) where t = x , Let f ( t ) = 9t 3 + 9t 2 + 9t + 8 .

Since the signs of terms in f ( t ) do not change at all, f ( t ) = 0 has no positive real roots.
Hence f ( t ) = 0 has all the roots is negative real roots.
∴ Equation (i) has 3 real roots. Corresponding to each real value of t , we have a real value of x .
Hence, the given equation has 3 real roots.
 1 
1 1 1 1

log 5  + + +...∞  log 5    1 1 1 1 1 1 2 = 
2 1
186. Ans. (c), ( 0.2 )  4 8 16 = ( 0.2 ) 2
∵ 4 + 8 + 16 + ...∞ = 2 2 + 23 + 2 4 + ...∞ = 1 2

 1− 
 2 
( )
log5 2−2
= ( 0.2 ) ( ) = ( 0.2 )−2log5 2 =  1 
log51 / 2 2−1
= (5) ( ) = 5log
− log5 2−2
52
2
= 22 = 4
 
5
log x log y log z k ( b−c )
187. Ans. (d), Let = = = k , Then, log x = k ( b − c ) ⇒ x=e …(i)
b−c c−a a−b
⇒ y = e k ( c −a )
k ( a −b )
log y = k ( c − a ) …(ii) log z = k ( a − b ) ⇒ z=e …(iii)
{ } .{e ( ) } .{e ( )}
a b c
k ( b −c ) k c −a k a −b
∴ x a . y b .z c = e = e kab−kac .ekbc −kab .e kac −kbc
= ekab −kac + kbc −kab + kac −kbc = e0 = 1 …(iv)

Also, log x + log y + log z = k ( b − c ) + k ( c − a ) + k ( a − b ) = 0 ⇒ log ( xyz ) = 0 ⇒ xyz = e0 = 1 …(v)
From (iv) and (v) we get : x a . y b . z c = xyz .
log 2 ( 5)
−1
−1 22 4
188. Ans. (a) We have, 22 −log 2 5 = 22 ⋅ 2− log 2 5 = 22 2 = 22 ( 5 ) = =
5 5
r
189. Ans. (d) We have, log r 6 = m and log r 3 = n . ∴ log r   = log r r − log r 2 = 1 − ( m − log r 3)
2
∵ log r 6 = m ⇒ m = log r ( 3 × 2 ) ⇒ m = log r 3 + log r 2  = 1 − ( m − n ) = 1 − m + n
2 2
1 2 m 2 m
190. Ans. (a) We have, log 8 m + log 8 = ⇒ log8   = ⇒ = 8 ⇒ m = 6 × 8 3 = 6 × 4 = 24
3
6 3 6 3 6
log H log H αβγ  1  1
191. Ans. (c)
αβ
= ∵ log a b =  = log αβ
αβγ = log αβ
(αβγ )
log αβγ
H log H αβ  log b a  2
1
 1  q
= 2 logαβ (αβγ ) ∵ log a m b = log a b  = logαβ αβγ [or We can directly use log a p b q = log a b ]
1  m  p
2
192. Ans. (d) Given, log 5 k ⋅ log k x = 3 ⇒ log 5 x = 3 ⇒ x = 53 ⇒ x = 125
1 3
x+ x+ 1
193. Ans. (c), 9 x − 2 2
=2 2
− 32 x −1 ⇒ 9 x − 2.2 x = 2 2.2 x − .9 x
3
x
 1 4 9 9 2 9
⇒  1 +  .9 x = 2 ( 2 + 1) .2 x ⇒ .9 x = 3 2.2 x ⇒  = =
 3 3 2 4 8
 9  9
⇒ x = log 9   [Taking logarithm to the base on both sides]
2  8  2
1 3 3 1
x+ x+ x+ x+
Alternatively : 9 x − 2 2
=2 2
− 32 x −1 ⇒ 9 x + 32 x −1 = 2 2
+2 2
1 1 1 1
x+ x+  1 x+ 4 x+
⇒ 32 x + 32 x −1 = 2.2 2
+2 2
⇒ 32 x  1 +  = 2 2 ( 2 + 1) ⇒ 32 x.   = 2 2 . ( 3)
 3 3
x x
4  32  9 9 9  9 
2x
⇒ 3   = 2 x. 3 2
3
( ) ⇒  =
2 2 2
⇒  =
2 8
⇒ x = log 9 / 2 
 8
.
1 1 1
+ + 1 1 1 7
194. Ans. (c), log 7 log 7 7 2 4 8
= log 7  + +  = log 7   = 1 − log 7 8 = 1 − 3log 7 2
2 4 8 8
195. Ans. (d), Given log10 2, log10 ( 2 x − 1) and log10 ( 2 x + 3) are in A.P.
⇒ log10 2 + log10 ( 2 x + 3) = 2 log10 ( 2 x − 1) ⇒ { }

log10 2 ( 2 x + 3) = log10 ( 2 x − 1)
2
⇒ 2 ( 2 x + 3) = ( 2 x − 1)
2
⇒ 2 ( y + 4 ) = y 2 , where y = 2 x − 1 and so y + 4 = 2 x + 3
⇒ y2 − 2 y − 8 = 0 ⇒ ( y − 4 )( y + 2 ) = 0 ⇒ y = 4 or y = −2
⇒ 2 x − 1 = 4 or 2 x − 1 = −2 ⇒ 2x − 1 = 4 
( )
∵ log10 2 x − 1 is not defined when 2 x − 1 is -ve 

 Hence we have rejected 2 x − 1 = −2 
⇒ 2x = 5 ⇒ x log e 2 = log e 5 [Taking log on both sides]
log e 5
⇒ x= = log 2 5
log e 2
196. Ans. (b), Given log 4 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 22 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)
1 2
⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = 2 log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)
2
2
⇒ x − 1 = ( x − 3) ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 )( x − 5) = 0
⇒ x = 2 or x = 5 ⇒ x=5 [Neglecting x = 2 since log 2 ( x − 3) is defined only when x > 3 ]
∴ Three is only one solution of the given equation.
th
1 1 1 1 1 1
197. Ans. (b), First we find + + = + +
a b c 1 + log x yz 1 + log y zx 1 + log z xy
1 1 1 log e x log e y log e z
= + + = + +
 log e yz   log e zx   log e xy  log e x + log e yz log e y + log e zx log e z + log e xy
1+   1+   1+  
 log e x   log e y   log e z 
log e x log e y log e z 1 1
= + + = {log e x + log e y + log e z} = .log e xyz = 1
log e xyz log e xyz log e xyz log e xyz log e xyz
ab + bc + ca
⇒ = 1 ⇒ ab + bc + ca = abc
abc
1 1 1 1 1 1
198. Ans. (a), + + = + +
1 + x 1 + y 1 + z 1 + log a bc 1 + log b ca 1 + log c ab
1 1 1 1 1 1
= + + = + +
log a a + log a bc log b b + log b ca log c c + log c ab log a abc log b abc log c abc
= log abc a + log abc b + log abc c = log abc abc = 1
199. Ans. (d), log1/ 3 9 =

log 9
=
log 32
=
( )
2 log 3
= −4 . ∴ log1/ 3 9 = −4 is true.
log
1 log 3−1/ 2
( 1
− log 3 )
3 2
log 30 3 + log30 5 + log30 2 = log 30 ( 3 × 5 × 2 ) = log 30 30 = 1
∴ log 30 3 + log 30 5 + log 30 2 = 1 is true. Further 1 + log10 5 − log10 2 = log10 10 + log10 5 − log10 2
 10 × 5 
= log10   = log10 25 . ∴ 1 + log10 5 − log10 2 = log10 25 is true.
 2 
2  52   25 
Also 2 − log 5 2 = 2 log 5 5 − log5 2 = log5 5 − log 5 2 = log5   = log5   ≠ log5 20
2  2 
∴ 2 − log 5 2 = log 5 20 is not true.
200. Ans. (c), log 3 x + log 3 y = 2 + log 3 2 ⇒ log 3 x + log 3 y − log 3 2 = 2
 xy  xy
⇒ log 3   = 2 ⇒ = 32 ⇒ xy = 18 …(i)
 2  2
Also, log 3 ( x + y ) = 2 ⇒ x + y = 32 ⇒ x + y = 9 …(ii)
2 2
From (i) and (ii), we get, ( x − y ) = ( x + y ) − 4 xy = 92 − 4 ×18 = 9 …(iii)
Solving (ii) and (iii) we get, ( x = 6 or y = 3) or ( x = 3 and y = 6 )
Out of the given alternatives we have : x = 3 and y = 6 .
2
201. Ans. (c), We have, log 4 x 2 = log 22 x 2 = log 2 x = log 2 x
2
3
and log 8 x3 = log 23 x 3 = log 2 x = log 2 x
( ) 3
Now, log 2 x + log 4 x 2 + log8 x 3 = 9 ⇒ log 2 x + log 2 x + log 2 x = 9 ⇒ 3log 2 x = 9
⇒ log 2 x = 3 ⇒ x = 23 = 8
 11 
202. Ans. (d), log e 5, log e ( 5x − 1) and log e  5x −  are in A.P.
 5
th
21
 11    11  
⇒ log e 5 + log e  5 x −  = 2 log e ( 5x − 1) ⇒ log e 5  5x −   = log e ( 5 x − 1)
2
 5   5 
 11 
⇒ 5  5x −  = ( 5x − 1)
2 2 2
⇒ 5.5x − 11 = ( 5 x − 1) ⇒ 5 y − 11 = ( y − 1) , where y = 5 x
 5
⇒ y 2 − 7 y + 12 = 0 ⇒ ( y − 3)( y − 4 ) = 0 ⇒ y = 3 or y = 4 ⇒ 5x = 3 or 5x = 4 ∵ y = 5x 
⇒ x = log5 3 or x = log5 4
{ }
203. Ans. (d) Given, log10 999 + x 2 − 3 x + 3 = 3 ⇒ 999 + x 2 − 3x + 3 = 1000 ⇒ x 2 − 3x + 3 = 1
⇒ x 2 − 3 x + 3 = 1 ⇒ x 2 − 3 x + 2 = 0 ⇒ x 2 − 2 x − x + 2 = 0 ⇒ x ( x − 2 ) − 1( x − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) = 0
⇒ x = 1, 2 . [ Take care whenever we square an equation an additional answer may result so you have
to check the answer clearly x = 1, 2 are valid.]
log a log b log c  log m b 
204. Ans. (b) log a ⋅ log c1/3 b ⋅ log a1/4 c =
⋅ ⋅ = 2 × 3 × 4 = 24 log a b = 
b 1 1 1  log m a 
log b log c log a
2 3 4
log x log 36 log 64 log x 2 log 6
205. Ans. (b) Given = = . Now, = ⇒ log x = log 25 ⇒ x = 25
log 5 log 6 log y log 5 log 6
2 log 6 log 64
and = ⇒ 2 log y = 2 log 8 ⇒ y = 8
log 6 log y
log10 x
206. Ans. (c) Given 10 = 2 ⇒ log10 x = log10 2 ⇒ x = 2 ⇒ x = 2 or −2
207. Ans. (b), log 3 4.log 4 5.log 5 6.log 6 7.log 7 8.log 8 9

= . . . . . = = log 3 9 = log 3 32 = 2 .
208. Ans. (d), It is obvious.
log 28 log 7 + log 4 log 7 log 4 1 1
209. Ans. (b), log 49 28 = = = + = + log 7 4
log 49 2 log 7 2 log 7 2 log 7 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 + 2m
= + .2 log 7 2 = + log 7 2 = + m =
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
210. Ans. (b) ( log 3 x ) + ( log 3 x ) < 2 ⇒ ( log 3 x ) + ( log 3 x ) − 2 < 0
1
⇒ ( log 3 x + 2 )( log 3 x − 1) < 0 ⇒ −2 < log 3 x < 1 ⇒ < x<3
9
 Remember for α < β , ( x − α )( x − β ) > 0 ⇒ x < α or x > β and ( x − α )( x − β ) < 0 ⇒ α < x < β 
211. Ans. (a),
7 5 3
16 25 81  16   25   81   16 7  25 5  81 3 
7 log + 5log + 3log = log   + log   + log   = log   ×   ×   
15 24 80  15   24   80   15   24   80  
 24 7  52 5  34 3   228 510 312 
= log  ×
  3   4×   = log  7 7
× 15
× 12 3
= log  228−15−12 × 510 −7 −3 × 312− 7 −5 
 3 × 5   2 × 3   2 × 5   3 ×5 2 ×3 2 ×5 
= log ( 21 × 50 × 30 ) = log 2 = 0.3010
th
22 Office.: 606 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
 70 22 
70 22 7  70 22  7  33 × 135 
212. Ans. (a) log + log − log = log  ×  − log = log  
33 135 18  33 135  18  7 
 18 
 70 22 18  8
= log  × ×  = log   = log 8 − log 9 = log 23 − log 32 = 3log 2 − 2 log 3 = 3 ( 0.3010 ) − 2 ( 0.4771)
 33 135 7  9
= 0.9030 − 0.9542 = −0.5120
−1
log3 ( 4×log36 ) −1
213. Ans. (d) Given = 32 × 3 = 9 × ( 4 × log 36 )
9 9 9 9 9 9
= = = = = = = 1.45
4 × log 36 4 × log ( 6 ) 2
4 × 2 log 6 8 ( log 2 + log 3) 8 ( 0.4771 + 0.3010 ) 8 × 0.7781
 167 255 813 

214. Ans. (c), Given expression = log  7 . 5 . 3  = log 2 .
 15 24 80 
1
215. Ans. (c), A = log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 21/ 2 2 = log 2 log 2 log 4 44 + 2 × log 2 2
1/ 2
= log 2 log 2 4 + 4 = log 2 log 2 2 2 + 4 = log 2 2 + 4 = 1 + 4 = 5
3 ( −4 ) −5
216. Ans. (c), Given = log10−2 103 + log10−1 10−4 = + =
−2 ( −1) 2
24 52 34
217. Ans. (d), Given ⇒ 7 log a + 5 log a 3 + 3log a 4 =8
3× 5 2 ×3 2 ×5
⇒ 28 log a 2 − 7 log a 3 − 7 log a 5 + 10 log a 5 − 15 log a 2 − 5 log a 3 +12 log a 3 − 12 log a 2 − 3log a 5 = 8
On simplification, log a 2 = 8 ∴ a 8 = 2 ⇒ a = 21/ 8
218. Ans. (d), Given = log 4 4−1 + log 2 2−4 = −1 − 4 = −5 .
1
219. Ans. (b), Given equation is, log 22 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3)
2
2 2
⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = 2 log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ log 2 ( x − 1) = log 2 ( x − 3) ⇒ x − 1 = ( x − 3)
⇒ x − 1 = x2 − 6x + 9 ⇒ x 2 − 7 x + 10 = 0 ⇒ x = 2, 5
but x = 2, makes log 2 ( x − 3) undefined hence x = 5 is the only solution.
220. Ans. (a), ∵ for the given equation to be defined x > 0 and x + 2 > 0 ∴x>0
⇒ log 2 x + log 4 ( x + 2 ) = 2
1
⇒ log 2 x + log 2 ( x + 2 ) = 2 ⇒ log 2 ( x 2 ( x + 2 ) ) = 4 ⇒ x 2 ( x + 2 ) = 24 = 16
2
⇒ x3 + 2 x 2 − 16 = 0 {
⇒ ( x − 2) ( x + 2) + 4 = 0
2
} ∴x=2 ⇒ Number of solution is 1.
1 1 log b
221. Ans. (c), Clearly = = …(i)
1 + log b a + log b c 1 + log a + log c log a + log b + log c
log b log b
1 log c
Similarly, = …(ii)
1 + log c a + log c b log a + log b + log c
1 log a
and = …(iii)
1 + log a b + log a c log a + log b + log c
th
23
1 1 1
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), then we get, + + =1
1 + log b a + log b c 1 + log c a + log c b 1 + log a b + log a c
222. Ans. (d), Given log 4 ( x 2 + x ) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2 ⇒ log 4 ( x 2 + x ) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2
 x2 + x 
⇒ log 4  =2 ⇒ log 4 x = 2 ∴ x = 42 = 16
 x +1 
223. Ans. (a), ln x + ln (1 + x ) = 0 ⇒ ln ( x (1 + x ) ) = 0 ⇒ x (1 + x ) = e0 ∴ x2 + x − 1 = 0
224. Ans. (d), Using a log b = b log a Given equation 2 x log 4 3 + 3log 4 x = 27 becomes 2.3log 4 x + 3log 4 x = 27
⇒ 3log4 x = 9 = 32 ⇒ log 4 x = 2 , ∴ x = 42 = 16
1 1
225. Ans. (a), + >x ⇒ logπ 3 + logπ 4 > x ⇒ logπ 12 > x ⇒ 12 > π x ∴ x = 2
log 3 π log 4 π
1 2 10
226. Ans. (c), log 8 b = 3 ⇒ log 2 b = ⇒ log 2 b = 5 ⇒ b = 25 = 32
3 3 3
1
227. Ans. (d), Clearly log 9 3 = , log 2 4 = 2 . ∴ 41/ 2 + 92 = 10log x 83 ⇒ 83 = 10log x 83 ⇒ 83 = 83log x ⋅10
2
⇒ log x 10 = 1 ⇒ x = 10
228. Ans.(False) The left-hand side of the given equation is defined for x ' s satisfying the condition
1 − x > 0, x > 0 i.e. for x ∈ (0,1) and the right-hand side for x > 3.
Hence, this equation has no solution.
229. Let us first of all transfer to base 3 in the logarithms and write t = log 3 x
1 1
log 3 x t
log 3 x log 3 x t log 3 x
log 3 x= = = , log 3 x x = = 2 = 2
x
log 3 3 x 1 + 1 log x 1 + 1 t log 3 3 x 1 + log 3 x 1 + t
3
2 2
1  1 1 
t t 1 + t + + t 
2 4 
+ 2 =0⇒ 
t
The given equation reduces to =0
1 1+ t  1 
1+ t 1 + t  (1 + t )
2  2 
3 5 5
⇒ t = 0, + t = 0 ⇒ log 3 x = 0, log 3 x = − ⇒ x = 1 or x = 3−5/ 6 .
2 4 6
230. Ans. (d), Let log 2 x = p
1 10 1
And log 2 y = q ⇒ p, q are roots of t + = ⇒ 3t 2 − 10t + 1 = 0 ⇒ t = 3,
t 3 3
 1  1 
⇒  log 2 x = 3 and log 2 y =  or  log 2 x = and log 2 y = 3 
 3  3 
( ) (
⇒ x = 8 and y = 21/ 3 or x = 21/ 3 and y = 23 )
1 1
The given equation is of the form p + =q+ ∴ x + y = 8 + 21/ 3
p q
231. Ans.(a) log 5 log 2 log 3 log 2 512
= log 5 log 2 log 3 log 2 29 = log 5 log 2 log 3 9 log 2 2 = log 5 log 2 log 3 32 = log 5 log 2 2 = log 5 1 = 0.
232. Ans.(d) log 2 (3x − 2) = log1/ 2 x ⇒ log 2 ( 3x − 2 ) = log 2 x −1
th
24 Office.: 606 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
⇒ 3 x − 2 = x −1 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 2 x = 1 ⇒ x = 1 and x = −1/ 3.
But log 2 (3 x − 2) and log1/ 2 x are meaningful if x > 2 / 3. Hence x = 1.
233. Ans.(c,d) The first equation can be written as
log 3 xy = log 3 32 + log 3 2 = log 3 18 so xy = 18 ⇒ second equation is x + y = 32 = 9 .
Solving we get x = 3, y = 6 or x = 6, y = 3 .
234. Ans. (a, c),
log a 2⋅( − log5 a )
a − log5 2 = a = 2− log5 a
x log a 5 = x (
log x 5 )( log a x )
= 5log a x
Now put log a x = t
1 1
∴ 5t + 5 ⋅ 5t = 3 or 5t = ∴ t = log 5 or log a x = − log 5 2 ∴ x = a − log5 2
2 2
235. Ans. (c), x 2 − 4 x + 5 = 2 x − 2
By inspection x = 2 makes both side 1 and x = 3 makes both sides 2.
Thus 3 are the two roots.
th
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JEE (MAIN & ADV.

), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, X & IX

(a) {−1, 5} (b) {−1} (c) {5} (d) φ

(a) 3y 5 (b) 243 (c) 32 (d) none of these

(a) −1010 (b) 1010 (c) 10 (d) None of these

46. The value of log 2

(a) ( −4, 1 / 3) (b) ( −4, 2 ) (c) [ −4, 1 / 3] (d) ( −∞, − 4 ) ∪ (1/ 3, ∞ )

56. The simplified value of log  4 729 × 3 9−1 × 27 −4 / 3  is

(a) log a b n (b) log a n b (c) n ⋅ log an bn (d) None of these

(a) −3 + 2 6 (b) −3 ± 2 6 (c) no solution (d) infinite solutions

(a) 2 2 (b) π 2 (c) 7 2 (d) None of these

(a) 3 (b) 27 (c) 39 (d) 327

116. The real roots of the equation 7

(a) a + b + 1 (b) 2 ( a + b + 1) (c) 2 ( a + b + 2 ) (d) a + b + 4

(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 1999

129. The value of x satisfying log10 1 + x + 3log10 1 − x = log10 1 − x 2 + 2 is

(a) x < y (b) x = y

135. If x = log 0.1 0.001, y = log 9 81, then x − 2 y is equal to :

(a) 2 −2 (b) 3−2 (c) 2 −1 (d) 3 − 2

140. what is the value of

(c) log a N + log1/ a N = 0 (d) log a 2 N − log a N = log a 2

(a) log m 2 (b) log 2 m (c) log 2 m (d) log m

 1 2−( log5 256/ 2log5 9) 

194. log 7 log 7 7 ( 7 7 ) is equal to :

⇒ A = log 2 ( log 2 4 ) + 4 = log 2 ( log 2 22 ) + 4 = log 2 2 + 4 = 1 + 4 = 5 [∵ logα α = 1]

∵ log10 m + log10 n = log10 mn 

⇒ log10 x = 101 ⇒ x = 1010

25. Ans. (c), log 6 ( 63+1/ 2 ) = 7 / 2

= ( log b − log c ) log a + ( log c − log a ) log b + ( log a − log b ) log c = 0

49. Ans. (d), Given log 4 ( 3 x 2 + 11x ) > 1 ⇒ 3 x 2 + 11x > 4

Ans. (d), We have, log x + 2 ( x 3 − 3 x 2 + 6 x + 8) = 3 ⇒ x 3 − 3 x 2 − 6 x + 8 = ( x + 2 )

log 4 256 = log 4 44 = 4 log 4 4 = 4, log 2 4 = log 2 22 = 2 log 2 2 = 2

⇒ 8 − 10 x − 12 x 2 > 0, 2 x − 1 > 0 …(2)

116. Ans. (b), 7

∴ log 3 300 = log 3

118. Ans. (d), 7loga m + 7 mloga 7 = 56 ⇒ 7loga m + 7 7loga m = 56 { }

⇒ log 4 ( x 2 ) + log 4 ( x + 1) − log 4 ( x + 1) = 2 [∵ loga mn = loga m + loga n ]

⇒ log 2 ( log3 x ) = 1 ⇒ log 3 x = 21 ⇒ log 3 x = 2 ⇒ x = 32 = 9

= log n (1999!) = logn n = 1 [∵ n = 1999]

⇒ x ( log e 2 + log e 3) + 4 log e 3 = x log e 7 ⇒ x log e 6 + 4 log e 3 = x log e 7

⇒ ( x + 5 + x = 51 = 5 ) ⇒ x +5 = 5− x ⇒ x + 5 = 25 + x − 10 x [By Squaring both sides]

⇒ 10 x = 20 ⇒ x =2 ⇒ x = 4 ∴ x = 4 is a solution of the given equation.

= log 7 5 < log 7 7 = 1 Hence x < 1

= log 5 7 > log 5 5 = 1 [∵ 7 > 5 ⇒ log5 7 > log 5 5]

⇒ 5 − 2 x < −81 or 5 − 2 x > 81 ∵ x > a ⇒ x < − a or x > a 

140. Ans (c)

143. Ans. (d), log 2 log 2 log 4 256 + 2 log 2 ( )

= log10 {1.1..1} = log10 1 = 0

= log xyz xy + log xyz yz + log xyz zx = log xyz ( )

⇒ log x 22 + log x 112 − log x 2 2 + log x 114 − log x 113 = 3

= lim log N ( 2.3...n ) = lim log n! ( n !) = lim 1 = 1

165. Ans. (d), We have, log e x + log e

log a log b log c

0 ∵ we know that when 0 < a < 1 

170. Ans. (b), log a ( a ) = log ( a ) = 12 log

⇒ 9t 3 + 9t 2 + 9t + 8 = 0 …(i) where t = x , Let f ( t ) = 9t 3 + 9t 2 + 9t + 8 .

= ekab −kac + kbc −kab + kac −kbc = e0 = 1 …(iv)

⇒ log10 2 + log10 ( 2 x + 3) = 2 log10 ( 2 x − 1) ⇒ { }

199. Ans. (d), log1/ 3 9 =

207. Ans. (b), log 3 4.log 4 5.log 5 6.log 6 7.log 7 8.log 8 9

 167 255 813 

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