CIVIL LAW REVIEW I

PROPERTY

A. Classification of Property (Arts. 414-418)

1. Immovable Property

Prudential Bank vs. Panis 153 S 390

Makati Leasing vs. Wearever Textiles 122 S 296
Tumalad vs. Vicencio 41 S 143
Sergs Products vs. PCI Leasing GR137705, 8/22/2000
Yap vs. Tanada 163 S 464
Board of Assessment vs. Meralco 10 S 68
Davao Sawmill vs. Castillo 61 P 709

2. Movable Property

Luis Marcos Laurel vs. Abrogar GR155076, 1/13/2009

3. According to Ownership

a. Public Dominion

Villanueva vs. Castaneda 154 S 142

Maneclang vs. IAC 144 S 553
Nimfa Usero vs. CA GR155055, 1/26/05

LRTA vs. CBAA GR 127316, 10/12/00

b. Private Ownership

Director of Lands vs. Meralco 153 S 686

B. Ownership (Arts. 427-439)

1. Rights of Ownership/Limitations
2. Doctrines of Incomplete Privilege/Self-Help
3. Presumption of Ownership
4. Rule on Hidden Treasure

C. Accession (Arts. 440-475)

1. Accession Discreta

a. Natural Fruits
b. Industrial Fruits
c. Civil Fruits

2. Accession Continua

a. On Real Property
a.1 Accession Industrial
i. Builder/Planter/Sower in Good Faith
 Sarmiento vs. Agana 129 S 122
Del Campo vs. Abeisa 160 S 179
Ignao 193 S 17
Technogas Phils vs. CA 268 S 5
Pleasantville 253 S 10
Orquieta 386 S 301
Ballatan vs. CA 304 S 34
Nuguid vs. CA 452 S 243
Rosales vs. Castellfort 472 S 144
Macasaet vs. Macasaet GR154391-92, 9/30/04
Sia vs. CA 272 S 141

ii. Builder/Planter/Sower in Bad Faith

MWSS vs. CA 165 S

498
Sabido vs. IAC 165 S 498
Alviola vs. CA 289 S 537
Firme vs. Bukal Ent. GR 166608,
10/23/03

a.2 Accession Natural

i. Viajar vs. CA 168 S 405

Ronquillo vs. CA 195 S 433
Reynate vs. CA 207 S 794
Vda. De Nazareno vs. CA 257 S 589
Bagaipo vs. CA 347 S 443
Celestial vs. Cachepero 413 S 469

ii. PD 1067, Water Code, Art. 5

D. Quieting of Title

Calacala vs. RP 154415 7/28/05

E. Co-Ownership

1. Elements

Sanchez vs. CA GR152766, June 20, 2003

2. How Created

3. Rights of Co-Owners

a. Ownership over the whole property

De Guia vs. CA GR 120864, 10/8/03

Sering vs. Plazo 166 S 84

b. Sale/Alienation

i) of undivided interest

Telesforo vs. CA GR 122249, Jan. 29,

2004
 ii) of entire property

Paulmitan vs. CA 215 S 866

Del Campo vs. CA 351 S 1

iii) redemption by other co-owners

(read Art. 1620-1624)

Villanueva vs. Florendo 139 S 329

Fernandez vs. Tarun 143868,11/14/02
Cabales vs Fangonil 531 S 486

iv) Prescription

Adille vs. CA 157 S 455

Delima vs. CA 201 S 641
Mariategui vs. CA 205 S 337

c. Benefits, fruits, interest and income

d. Use/Possession

e. Management/Administration

i) Distinguished from Alteration

4. Partition

a. Demandable Anytime

Cabrera vs. CA 267 S 339

Pada-Kilario vs. CA 322 S 481
Maestrado vs. CA 327 S 678
Si vs. CA 342 S 653

b. Prohibition for Indivision

5. Obligations of Co-Owner

a. Necessary Expenses for Preservation

b. Useful & Luxurious Expenses

6. Termination

F. Condominium Act (RA 4726)

G. Possession

1. Elements
2. Kinds
3. Requirements to ripen into ownership
4. Acquisitive Prescription (Read related provisions-Arts. 1120,
1123, 1127, 1128, 1138)
 a. in good faith
b. in bad faith
c. tacking of possession

5. Rights of Legal Possessor

a. Peaceful and Uninterrupted Possession

b. Fruits

i) Civil Fruits
ii) Natural/Industrial Fruits
iii) Pending Fruits

c. Indemnity for Expenses/Improvements

i) Necessary
ii) Useful
iii) Luxurious

6. Presumption of Just Title

i. When Applicable
ii. Meaning of Just Title

7. Possession of Movables

a. When Lost
b. Unlawful Deprivation (See related Provisions
Arts. 1132, 1505)

8. Loss of Possession

CASES:

Marcelo vs. CA GR 131803 4/14/99

Olegario vs. CA GR 147951 12/14/2009
Seraspi vs. CA 331 S 293
BPI vs. CA GR 123498 11/23/2007

H. Usufruct

1. Nature/Elements

2. Application to Personal & Real Properties

a. Compared to other Contracts

3. How Constituted

4. Rights of Usufructuary

a. Fruits
 b. Possession and Enjoyment of Property

c. Lease of Property

d. Sale/Alienation of Usufructuary Rights

5. Obligations of the Usufructuary

i. Before the Usufruct Commences

ii. During the Usufruct

a. Alteration of form and

substance

b. Exercise of Diligence

c. Repairs

d. Charges and Taxes

e. Insurance

6. Termination of Usufruct

CASES:

NHA vs. CA 148830 GR148830 Apr. 13, 2005

Moralidad vs. Pernes GR 152809 Aug. 3, 2006

J.EASEMENTS

1. Definition

2. Kinds of Easements

3. Characteristics of Easements
4. Modes of Acquiring Easements
5. Rights and Obligations of the Owners of the Dominant and
Servient Estates
6. Modes of Extinguishment of Easements
7. Legal Easements

Cases:
Bogo Medellin vs. CA
Bicol Agro-Industrial vs. Obias
Villanueva vs. Velasco
Limensi vs. Ramos
PMO vs. Legaspi Towers
GR124699, Jul 31, 2003
GR 172077, Oct. 9, 2009
GR 130845, Nov. 27, 2000
GR 135319, Oct. 28, 2009
GR 147957, Jul 22, 2009

7.1 Easements relating to Waters

Remman Enterprises Inc. vs. CA 330 S 145

7.2 Easement of Right of Way

Quimer vs. CA 257 S 163

Villanueva vs. Velasco 346 S 99
Encarnacion vs. CA 195 S 74
Valdez vs. Tabisula GR 175510, Jul
28,2008
Vda. De Baltazar 245 S 333
Quintanilla vs. Abangan 544 S 494

7.3 Easement of Party Wall

7.4 Easement of Light and View
7.5 Drainage of Buildings
7.6 Intermediate Distances and Works for Certain
Constructions and Plantings
7.7 Easements Against Nuisance
7.8 Lateral and Subjacent Support
7.9 Voluntary Easements

MODES OF ACQUIRING OWNERSHIP

A. Modes of Acquiring Ownership

1. Mode vs. Title

2. Original/Derivative Modes

B. Occupation
C. Intellectual Creation
D. Donation

1. Essential Elements

Republic vs. Guzman 326 S 90

2. Kinds
3. Conditional Donations

i. Effect of Impossible and Illegal

Conditions

Roman Catholic vs. CA 198 S 300

Central Philippine University vs. CA 246 S 511
RP vs. Silim GR140484,
4/2/01
C-J Yulo vs. Roman Catholic GR133705,
3/31/05

4. Inter Vivos vs. Mortis Causa Donations

Sicad vs. CA 294 S 183

Maglasang vs. Heirs of Cabatingan 383 S 6
Ganuelas vs. Cawed GR 123968, 4/24/03
Aluad vs. Aluad GR 176943, 10/17/08

Gestopa vs. CA
 5. Form

Abellana vs. Spouses Ponce GR 160488,

9/3/04
Lagazo vs. CA GR112796,
3/5/98
Arangote vs. Maglunob GR 178906,
2/18/09

6. Capacity

a. Of donor
b. Of donee

ERLINDA A. AGAPAY, vs. CARLINA (CORNELIA) V.

PALANG and HERMINIA P. DELA CRUZ, G.R. No. 116668.
July 28, 1997

7. Revocation

a. Birth, Adoption, Re-appearance/Survival

b. Ingratitude

SPOUSES ROMULO AND SALLY EDUARTE, vs. THE

HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS and PEDRO
CALAPINE, G.R. No. 105944. February 9, 1996

c. Non-Fulfillment of Condition

d. Inofficiousness

ELOY IMPERIAL, vs. COURT OF APPEALS. G.R.

No. 112483. October 8, 1999

8. Reduction

9. Properties Covered