BIT 2309

W1-2-60-1-6
JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY
OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

University Examinations 2015/2016

THIRD YEAR FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR

OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

BIT 2309 : PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

DATE: DECEMBER 2015 TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTION ONE (COMPULSORY) AND ANY OTHER

TWO QUESTIONS.
_____________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS)

(a) Explain five elements in the internal environment of a business. [10 marks]

(b) Describe the skills and competencies that managers should possess to be able to
manage effectively. [6 marks]

(c) Describe management as given by Keontz and O’donnel. [4 marks]

(d) Explain three characteristics of management. [6 marks]

(e) Analyze the decision-making role of a manager as advanced by Fredrick Hertzberg.

[4 marks]

QUESTION TWO (20 MARKS)

(a) Describe the evolution of management theory. [10 marks]

(b) Explain the application of scientific management in the modern organization.

[10 marks]

1
 BIT 2309

QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)

(a) Explain the following functions of management highlighting the key elements of each:
[12 marks]
(i) Staffing.
(ii) Directing.
(iii) Controlling.

(b) Explain four reasons why delegation is important to a manager. [8 marks]

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)

(a) Describe five benefits of decentralization. [10 marks]

(b) Differentiate between management and leadership. [10 marks]

QUESTION FIVE (20 MARKS)

(a) Explain Michael Porter’s five forces of competition in an industry. [10 marks]

(b) Discuss five sources of power. [10 marks]