Klaus Scherübel: Mallarmé: Het Boek, mfc-michèle didier, Brussels, 2009; Mallarmé: Le Livre;

Mallarmé: The Book, and Mallarmé: Das Buch. Cologne, Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther
König, 2001. http://klausscheruebel.com

Klaus Scherübel: Mallarmé: Le Livre Klaus Scherübel: Mallarmé: The Book

Montréal, Optica / Luxembourg, Fondation Musée d’Art Printed Matter Inc. 2003
Moderne Grand-Duc Jean, 2005

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Books about nothing
Amir Brito Cadôr
the most perfect poem is a blank page
Mallarmé
The most beautiful and perfect book in the world
is a book with only blank pages
Ulises Carrión
The artist’s book is a book assumed as the artistic
medium in itself. For the purposes of this essay, it is
not a vehicle for ideas and independent texts, but is
taken here as a place for aesthetic experimentation
itself (Osório, 2004). As a blank canvas highlights the
specificity of painting, a blank book draws attention
to the material from which it is made; paper and book
affirm their essential material affinity (Moeglin-Delcroix,
1997). These books contain nothing, the nothingness (or
emptiness) is their content, and ‘reading’ them means to
understand their concept.
Piero Manzoni wanted to make a book with a completely
blank surface, fully neutral in colour and appearance.
Known as “The Transparent Book”, he produced a work
consisting of 100 translucent pages each containing
nothing, except for the cover, made from the same
material and printed with the title, publisher and the
artist’s name (Jes Petersen: Piero Manzoni. Life and
Works. Flensburg / Glücksburg: Petersen Presse 1963).
When viewed individually, the pages produce an effect of
“colour film”, a thin, transparent and translucent colour;
the overlap produces an accumulation effect of “solid
colour”, which darkens with each new layer; the book
becomes darker if looked in the opposite side of the light,
and the same layers seen from the direction of light will
appear becomes clearer if placed away from the light
source (Albers, 2009).
Within the formalist terms of Clement Greenberg’s
aesthetics, the blank canvas was the embodiment of
painting’s ultimate specificity, its flatness and two-
dimensionality. The subject of modernist art, Greenberg
insisted, is the medium itself. In such a manner, the
absence of texts and images can be used to reveal the
structure of a book. Reflex (1978) is a book by Heinz
Gappmayr containing 40 white sheets, and a black sheet
in the centre of the book. The black pages act as a kind
of double mirror; the two sides are identical, with the
pages symmetrically reflected, which is also indicated
by the reversal of colours (black/white). This symmetry,
commonly applied to a double page, here occupies the
entire book, and the reading / handling can start at
either side. The scarce materiality of these books poses
questions of our reading habits. Accustomed to reading
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printed text on the pages of a book (the book as speech),
the reader does not know how to read the blank book
without texts (the book as object). (Brogowski, 2010).
Is it really possible to think about nothing? And would
making a book about nothing, as Gustave Flaubert once
wanted, become a reality through creating blank books?
Jirí Valoch, a Yugoslavian poet, published his Book about
nothing in Brno in 1970, with 54 blank pages, except
for the word “nothing” written on one of them. If the
book had been entirely blank, it would be a presentation
of nowhere, its substance made of the emptiness and
the absence of things. But the word “nothing” is a
representation of this same emptiness, introducing
a paradox: it ceases to be a book that has nothing to
become a tautology, a self-referential work whose
theme is nothing, and one that uses a verbal description
declaring a self-evident property of the work. A tautology
is the conceptual equivalent of the monochrome, so the
book becomes materially and conceptually empty.
Despite having the exterior features of an ordinary
book, Poème collectif (1968) is a “book on potentiality,
a virtual space of poetry” (Moeglin-Delcroix, 1997).
This is a small book (13.5 x 11 cm) with only 24 pages,
16 of which are blank. On the cover “Robert Filliou et
Cie”, appear as authors/artists confirming the collective
authorship indicated in the title. At the beginning and
end of the book are short texts, the first of them consists
of “instructions” on how to use the book: each page must
be completed by a different person, who writes the name
of 5-7 objects - things, emotions, feelings, etc. – that
“you want to get rid of (wedding photographs, the army,
rheumatism)”. Then we are told not to read the preceding
list before writing our list. The texts introduced by each
person should be ignored until the book is complete.
This incompleteness, the book ever to be made, is in
the vein of the ‘book to come’ envisioned by the French
poet Stéphane Mallarmé (1842-1898). For Aristotle, all
potential to be or to do something is always also potential
not to be or not to do, without which potentiality would
always have already passed into actuality and would be
indistinguishable from it (Agamben, 2009, p. 245).
Taking this idea one step further, Klaus Scherübel
made possible Mallarmé’s unfinished project, a
“wonderful work” that he simply called The Book (Le
Livre). Scherübel produced a “cover” for The Book in
the dimensions specified by Mallarmé over 100 years
ago. Mallarmé, The Book bears all the hallmarks of an
ordinary dust jacket, including an ISBN and a back cover
text, and thus it is the book that contains the sum of
all books. It was published in Dutch, English, French,
German, and Portuguese (2014).
Blank artists’ books are books that can mean everything.
This is the premise on which the artist and critic Michael
Various Blank Pages and Ink, Doro Boehme and Eric Baskauskas, 2009.
Perfect bound book, digital print, edition of 500, 205 x 150 mm

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Gibbs based his work All or nothing: An anthology of
blank books (2005). The book is, paradoxically, a critical
essay on blank books and an artist’s book at the same
time. The essay, printed in black, occupies half of the
book, while the other half is a small anthology of blank
pages, with a caption on the back of each page indicating
title, author and year of publication. It includes not only
artists’ books but also works of poetry and humour, such
as The Official Government Nuclear Survivors Handbook
- Everything that is known about Effective Procedures in
Case of Nuclear Attack, 1982. There is an identity between
the pages of Michael Gibbs’ anthology and the pages
originally published: in neither case have they received a
deposit of ink, so they are completely identical.
The duo Doro Boehme and Eric Baskauskas created
another type of paradox. For Various Blank Pages and
Ink (2009), they reproduced all the blank pages of SAIC’s
holdings of artists’ books by Ed Ruscha, scanned directly
from the originals belonging to the The Joan Flasch
Artist’s Book Collection, a parody evident in the title.
The pages have been printed, but show nothing beyond
the format of the books and the empty space in their
pages. Ruscha’s books are based upon the idea that
to print a book you need a certain number of pages
(multiples of four if you want to make signatures to
folded, bind and trim to form a book or pamphlet).
As such his books always have a number of blank pages
interspersed within the book. They are like a printed
non-verbal statement: the artist’s book is something
made, not something written. This is, of course, true
for all books, not only for the artist’s book. Lao-tzu says
that “the usefulness of what is depends on what is not”.
It is the space created between the pages that make
them useful.
Bibliography
Agamben, Giorgio. Potentialities. Collected essays in
Philosophy. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999
Albers, Josef. Interaction of color: unabridged text and
selected plates. Revised paper-bound edition. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1975
Brogowski, Leszek. Éditer l’Art. Le livre d’artiste
et l’histoire du livre. Chatou: Les Édi-tions de La
Transparence, 2010
Gibbs, Michael. All or Nothing: an anthology of blank
books. Leeds: RGAP, 2005
Moeglin-Delcroix, Anne. Esthétique du livre d´artiste
(1960/1980). Paris: Jean-Michel Place / Bibiothéque
Nationale de France, 1997
Osório, Luiz Camillo. “Entre o ler e o ver — A forma
livro na arte de nosso século e seu desdobramento na
arte brasileira contemporânea: Waltércio Caldas e Artur
Barrio”. In: Sussekind, Flora and Dias, Tânia (org.).
A Historiografia literária e as técnicas de escrita: do
manuscrito ao hipertexto. Rio de Janeiro: Edições Casa
de Rui Barbosa: Vieira & Lent, 2004

Amir Brito Cadôr is a Brazilian artist and researcher.

He is professor of Graphic Arts at the School of Fine
Arts, EBA/UFMG and curator of the special collection of
artists’ books at the UFMG. He is member of the research
group Pensamento Impresso (Printed Thoughts) with
Paulo Silveira and Regina Melim. This article is based on
an excerpt from his doctoral thesis, Visual Encyclopaedia,
to be published later in 2014.

http://gramatologia.blogspot.com

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