3.

1 jpUKiwfs;
jpUKiwfs; vd;gJ nja;tPf czu;T ngUf> rka xOf;fj;ijg;
NgZk; E}w;njhFjpahFk;. ,j;jpUKiwfs; gd;dpuz;lhFk;. Kjy; VO
jpUKiwfSk; Njthuq;fshFk;. vl;lhk; jpUKiwapy; jpUthrfKk;
jpUf;NfhitahUk; MFk;. xd;gjhk; jpUKiwapy; jpUtpirg;ghTk;
jpUg;gy;yhz;lhFk;. gj;jhk; jpUKiw jpUke;jpuk; MFk;. gjpNdhuhk;
jpUKiw gd;dpUtu; ghba gy;tifg; gpuge;jq;fspd; njhFg;ghFk;.
gd;dpuz;lhk; jpUKiw ngupa GuhzkhFk;.

,j;jpUKiwfs; ,iwtd; kPJ #l;lg;gl;l gf;jpg;gDty;fshFk;.

,tw;iwg; gz;NzhL XJjy; Ntz;Lk;. jpUKiwfs; XJtjw;F Kd;Gk;
gpd;Gk; jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk; nrhy;tJ fl;lhakhFk;. ,j;jpUKiwfspy;
Nju;njLf;fg;gl;l Nky;tUk; ghly;fisf; fw;Nghk;.
Njthuq; f s;
jp U kiwf; f hL
gjp f tuyhW

jpUtPopkpoiyapy; gbf;fhR ngw;Wg; gQ;rk; ePf;fpa gpd;G mg;gUk;

rk;ge;jUk; ,ize;Nj jpUkiwf;fhl;bw;Fr; nrd;wdu;. mj;jpUf;Nfhapypy;
jhoplg;gl;L vtuhYk; jpwf;fg;glhj fjT gw;wpa nra;jp mwpe;j ,UngUq;
Futu;fSk; mf;fjtUNf nrd;W nrhy;Nte;ju; jpwf;fg; ghbAk; jkpo;
Nte;jdu; milf;fTk; ghba mw;Gjj;ij epfo;j;jpdu;.

,uz;lhk; jpUKiw
jp U Qhdrk; g e; j %u; j ; j p e hadhu;
gz; : ,e;jsk; jhsk; : Mjp
,uhfk; : ehjehkf;upah
jyk; : jpUkiwf;fhL
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
rJuk;kiw jhd;Jjp nra;J tzq;Fk;
kJuk;nghopy; #o;kiwf; fhl;Liw ike;jh
,Jed;fpiw! itj;jUs;> nra;j vdf;Fd;
fjtk;jpUf; fhg;Gf; nfhs;Sq; fUj;jhNy.
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

40
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 nghop g ; G iu
iu:-

ngUik nfhz;l ehd;kiwfs; Nghw;wp tzq;Ffpd;w rpwg;ghd

nghopy;fs; #o;e;j jpUkiwf;fhL vDk; ,j;jpUj;jyj;jpy;
vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; GdpjNd! jpUf;fjtk; fhg;gpLkhW mUs;Gupe;jpLf.

%d;whk; jpUKiw
jp U Qhdrk; g e; j %u; j ; j p e hadhu;

rPu;fhop vd;Dk; jyj;jpw;F fOkyk; vDk; rpwg;G ngau; #l;b

jpUQhdrk;ge;ju; fOkyg;gjpfk; xd;iwg; ghbAs;shu;. ,f;fOkyj;
jpUg;gjpfj;jpy; ey;y tz;zk; thoyhk; vDk; Mf;fr; rpe;jidia
kf;fspilNa tsu;f;Fk; Nehf;fpy; ,J ghlg;gl;lJ.

jyk; : jpUf;fOkyk; (rPu;fhop) gz; : nfhy;yp

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
kz;zpy;ey;ytz;zk; thoyhk; itfYk;
vz;zpy;ey;yfjpf;F ahJNkhu; Fiwtpiy
fz;zpey; y/JWq; fOky tsefu;g;
ngz;zpey; yhnshLk; ngUe;jif ,Ue;jNj
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
nghop g ; G iu
iu:-

mu;jj
; ehuP]t
; uu; Mfpa cik ehafu; ek;gpfi
; fa+lL
; k; ngUe;jifahfj;
jpUf;fOkyj;jpy; fz;Zf;F ,dpatuha;; Fbnfhz;bUg;gjhy;> ehk; ,k;ikapy;
ey;tho;Tk; kWikapy; ew;fjpAk; ngWtjpy; vd;d Fiw tug;NghfpwJ.
Ie;jhk;; jpUKiw
jp U ehTf; f uR ehadhu;
jpUf;FWe;njhif
jyk; : jpUkiwf;fhL
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
gz;zp Neu;nkhop ahSik gq;fNuh
kz;zp dhtyQ; nra;k;kiwf; fhlNuh
fz;zp dhYikf; fhzf; fjtpidj;
jpz;z khfj; jpwe;jUs; nra;k;kpNd.
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

41
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 nghop g ; G iu
iu:-

gz; z pd; Neu; n khopahd ,g; n gz; > jpUeP w ; w pid ed; F g+rpa
NjhzpGuj;J ,iwtDf;F tpUg;NghL gpr;ir ,l;lds;@ gpr;irapl;l
,f;fhupifiaj; jd;ghy; kaq;fplr; nra;J iftisay;fisAk; ftu;jy;
,g;gpuhDf;F moNfh?

jpUehTf;fuR ehadhu;
mg;gu; gy jyq;fisAk; juprpj;Jf; nfhz;L rpjk;guj;jpw;F te;jNghJ
mtuhw; ghlg;gl;l gjpfj;jpy; xU ghly; fPNo jug;gLfpd;wJ. eluhrg;
ngUkhdpd; mw;Gjj; jpUf;Nfhyj;ijf; fhZk; NgW fpilf;f Ntz;Lnkd
ghbAs;shu;.

Mwhk; jpUKiw
jp U ehTf; f uR ehadhu;
jpUtpUj;jk;
jyk; : rpjk;guk;
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

Fdpj;jGUtKk; nfht;itr; nrt;thapw; Fkpz;rpupg;Gk;

gdpj;j rilAk; gtsk; Nghy; Nkdpapw; ghy; ntz;zPWk;
,dpj;j Kila vLj;j nghw; ghjKk; fhzg; ngw;why;
kdpj;jg; gpwtpAk; Ntz;LtNj ape;j khepyj;Nj.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
nghop g ; G iu
iu:-

tise;j GUtk;@ nfht;itg;gok; NghYk; rpte;j tha;. ,dpa Gd;dif>

Fsprr; pahd ril> gtsk; xj;j jpUNkdp@ mj;jpUNkdpapy; tpsq;Fk; ghy;
Nghd;w jpUePW; capuf ; F
; ey;ypdpik gaf;Fk; J}f;fpa jpUtb Mfpad
,j;jpUeld epfo;rr
; piaf; fhzg;ngwpd; Ntz;lh vdntWj;njhJf;Fk; kdpjg;
gpwtpAk; Ntz;baNj vdf;F.

42
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 Re;juu; Njthuk;
Re; j uu; > guitahu; vd; D k; ngz; k zpiaj; jpUkzk; nra; J
jpUth&upy; tho;e;J tUq;fhyj;jpy; Fz;ila+u;f; fpohu; vd;Dk; xUtu;
Re;juupd; ,y;tho;f;ifj; Njitf;fhf ney; %ilfis cjtpdhu;. xU
Kiw kio ,y;yhky; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ xU ehs; Re;juUf;F
mDg;gj; jd;dplk; ney; ,y;yhikapdhy;> Fz;ila+u;fpohu; czit
cz;zhkNy ,utpy; cwq;fpdhu;. rptngUkhd; Fz;ila+uu; fdtpy;
Njhd;wp ~~M&ud; jdf;F cjt cd;ghy; ney; je;Njhk;|| vd;W $wpdhu;.
cwf;fk; fye;njOe;jfpohu; rptgpuhd; mUshy; Ftpe;j ney;iyj;
jpUth&uUf;F vLj;Jr; nry;y Ms; fpilf;fhikahy; ftiyAw;W
Re;juUf;F jfty; mDg;gpdhu;.

mr;re;ju;g;gj;jpy; Re;juu;> ~~ePs epide;J..|| vdj; njhlq;Fk;

jpUg;gjpfj;ijg; ghbdhu;. ,j;jpUg;gjpfj;jpy; Re;juu; jpUf;Nfhspypehjiuj;
Jjpj;J Ntz;bf; nfhz;lthW md;wpuT guitahupd; khspifapy; ney;
kiyahf Ftpe;jJ.

Vohk; jpUKiw
Re; j u%u; j ; j p ehadhu;

jyk; : jpUf;Nfhspyp gz; : el;luhfk;

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

ePs epide;jbNa Dik epj;jYq; ifnjhONtd;

thsd fz;klth sts; thb tUe;jhNk
Nfhspyp nak;ngUkhd; Fz;ila+u;r;rpy ney;Yg;ngw;Nwd;
Mspiy nak;ngUkh dital;bj; jug;gzpNa.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu :-
jpUf;Nfhspyp vd;Dk; jpUf;Nfhapypy; vOe;jUspa vk;ngUkhNd!
ehd; vg;nghOJNk ck;ik njhlu;e;J kdj;jhy; epidj;J> if$g;gpf;
Fk;gpLk; mbatd;> ths; Nghyf; $u;ikahd fz;fs; cs;s vd; gpupakhd
guitahu; kdr;Nrhu;Tk; cly; tUj;jKk; milahky; tho Ntz;Lk;
vd;gjw;fhff; Fz;ila+u;ff; pohu; %yk; ngUksT ney;iyg; ngw;Ws;Nsd;@
Mdhy; ney; %l;il mt;tsitAk; Fz;ila+upypUe;J guitahupd;
43
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
khspiff;Ff; nfhz;L nry;y cjtpahs; ahUk; fpilf;ftpy;iy.
vdNt> vk;ngUkhNd! me;j new;Ftpay;fisf; nfhz;L nry;tjw;F
mUs; GuptPuhf.

Re; j uu; Njthuk ;

jp U j; n jhz; l j; n jhif
jpUth&u; Nfhapypd; Kw;gf;fj;jpy; Mapuq;fhy; kz;lgk; xd;W
cs; s J. mJ Njthrpupa kz; l gk; vdg; g Lk; . mq; F $bapUe; j
rptdbahu;fis tzq;fpj; jhk; mtu;fs; vy;NyhUf;Fk; mbatd; vd;W
Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhu; jpUg;gjpfk; ghbdhu;. mJNt jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif
vdg;gLk;. mjpNy jk;ik jtpu;e;J mWgj;J ,uz;L jdp mbahu;fisg;
ngau; $wpAk; xd; g J njhif mbahu; f isg; ngau; Fwpahkw;
nghJthfTk; mtu; ghbAs;shu;. jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifg; gjpfj;jpy;
KjyhtJ ghly; ,q;F jug;gl;Ls;sJ.

jyk; : jpUth&u; gz; : nfhy;ypf; nfsthzk;

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;
jpyi
; ytho; me;jzu;jk; mbahu;fF ; k; mbNad;
jpUePy fz;lj;Jf; Fatdhu;f; fbNad;
,y;iyNa vd;dhj ,aw;giff;Fk; mbNad;
,isahd;wd; Fbkhwd; mbahu;fF ; k; mbNad;
nty;Ykh kpfty;y nka;gn ; ghUSf; fbNad;
tpupnghopy#
; o; nfhd;iwahu; tpwd;kpzl ; u;f; fbNad;
my;ypnkd; Ky;iyae;jhu; mku;ej P pf; fbNad;
M&ud; M&upy; mk;khDf; fhNs.
jpUr;rpww
; k;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu :-

jpyi
; y eluh[ ngUkhdpd; mbahu;fshfpa jpyi
; ytho; me;jzUf;F
mbNadhNtd;. jpU ePy fz;lehadhUf;F mbNad;. rptdbahu;fSf;F
vjidAk; ,y;iy vd;W $whj ,aw;gifehadhUf;Fk; mbNad;.
,isahd;Fbkhwd; mbahUf;Fk; mbNad;. ntw;wp ngWtjpy; kpf
ty; y tuhd nka; g ; n ghUs; ehadhUf; F mbNad; . my; y pg; g+Tk;
nkd;ikahd Ky;iyg; g+Tk; fye;J fl;ba khiy mzpe;j mku;ePjp
ehadhUf;F mbNad;. mj;jifa M&udhfpa mbNad;. jpUth&upy;
vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; vd; je;ijahy; Ml;nfhs;sg;gl;ltdhNdd;.
44
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 jp U thrfk;
jpUthrfk; khzpf;fthrfuhy; ghlg;gl;lJ. ,J vl;lhe; jpUKiwapy;
cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. jpUg;ngUe;Jiwapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ,iwtid
epidj;J mtuhy; ghlg;gl;l ,g;gjpfk; thohg;gj;J vdg;gLfpwJ.

thohg; g j; J
jyk; : jpUg; ngUe;Jiw

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

ghnuhL tpz;zha;g; gue;jntk; guNd

gw;Wehd; kw;wpNyd; fz;lha;
rPnuhL nghyptha; rptGuj; juNr
jpUg;ngUe; JiwAiw rptNd
MnuhL NehNfd; Mu;f;nfLj; Jiuf;Nfd;
Mz;leP aUspiy ahdhy;
thu;fl Yyfpy; tho;fpNyd; fz;lha;
tUfntd; wUs;Gup ahNa!

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu :-

ghu; Kjy; tpz; tiu Ik;g+jkhf tpupej

; tNu> vk;gpuhNd cd;idad;wp
NtW gw;Wf;Nfhby;iy@ rPUs;stNd> rptNyhfNd@ jpUg;ngUe;Jiwr; rptNd>
vd; Fiwf;F ehd; ahiu NehNtd;@ ,ij ahuplk; KiwapLNtd;@
vd;id Ml;nfhz;l ePNa mUs Ntz;Lk;. eP mUshJ tpll ; hy;> ,t;Tyfpy;
thOk; tifawpNad;@ Mjyhy; mUs; $u;eJ ; ~~th|| vd;W miog;ghahf.

jp U tp i rg; g h
xd;gjhk; jpUKiwapYs;s jpUtpirg;gh vd;Dk; mUl; ghly;fisg;
ghbatu;fs; jpUkhspifj; Njtu; njhlf;fk; Nrjpuhau; tiuAs;s xd;gJ
mbatu;fs; Mtu;. ,tu;fspy; Nre;jdhu; vd;gtu; jpUtpirg;ghitg; ghba
NjhL jpUg;gy;yhz;Lk; ghbAs;shu;. jpUtPopkpoiy vd;Dk; jyk; kPJ
Nre;jdhu; ghba jpUtpirg;ghtpy; ~~Vf ehafid....|| vdj;; njhlq;Fk;
ghly; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ

45
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 Nre; j dhu;
jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

Vfeh afid ,ikatu;f; fuir

vd;Dapu;f; fKjpid najpupy;
Nghfeh afidg; Gay;tzw; fUspg;
nghd;ndLQ; rptpifah t+u;e;j
Nkfeh afid kpFjpU tPop
kpoiytpz; zpopnrOq; Nfhapy;
Nahfeh afid ad;wpkw; nwhd;W
Kz;nld czu;fpNyd; ahNd.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu :-

xU ngUe;nja;tKk;> Njtu;fis MSk; kfhNjtUk;> ,d;Dapu;

fhf;Fk; mKJk;> epfupy;yhj ,d;gj; jiytUk;> jpUkhYk; mUs; Gupe;J
Cu;jpahff; nfhz;l me;jp Nkftz;zDk;> tsk; kpf;f jpU tPopkpoiy
vd;Dk; jyj;jpy; cs;s tpz;zpop tpkhdk; vDk; nrOq;Nfhapypy;
ciwAk; Nahf epiyj; jiytDk; Mfpa rptehafiuj; jtpu> NtnwhU
cau; nja;tk; cs;snjd ehd; xUNghJk; czutpy;iy.

jp U g; g y; y hz; L
jpUKiw tFg;gpy; xd;gjhk; jpUKiwahf jpUtpirg;ghTk;
jpUg;gy;yhz;Lk; ,lk;ngWfpd;wd. rptngUkhdplj;jpy; Nre;jdhu; itj;j
md;gpd; cau;it cyfj;jhUf;F czu;j;Jtjw;fhf jpy;iy eluh[g;
ngUkhd; ~~Nre;jh eP gy;yhz;L ghbdhy; ek; Nju; XLk;|| vd;W mq;F
epdw
; vy;NyhUk; mwpa mruPup thf;nfhd;W xypjj
; J. Nre;jdhu; ,iwtid
epidj;Jj;> jpUg;gy;yhz;L ghlyhdhu; Nju; efu;ej
; J. mw;Gjk; epiwe;j
,e;epfo;r;rpia epide;JUfr; nra;Ak; jpUg;gy;yhz;nld;W ,q;Nf
jug;gLfpwJ.

46
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
jyk; : jpy;iy gz; : gQ;rkk;

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

kpz;L kdj;jtu; Nghkpd;fs; nka;abahu;fs;

tpiue;J tk;kpd;
nfhz;Lq; nfhLj;Jq; FbFb <rw;fhl;
nra;kpd; Fohk;GFe;J
mz;lq; fle;j nghUs; mstpy;yNjhu;
Mde;j nts;sg;nghUs;
gz;Lk; ,d;Wnkd;W Ks;snghU nsd;Nw
gy;yhz;L $WJNk.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu

vk;ngUkhdhfpa rptngUkhid tzq;fhik fhuzkhf Kuz;gl;l

kdij cilatu;fs; (,t;tplj;jpy; epy;yhky; mfYq;fs;. vk;ngUkhd;
nka;ad;G G+z;l mbahu;fs; tpiuthf ,q;F thUq;fs;. (ePq;fs; ,e;j)
mbahu;fs; $l;lj;jpy; GFe;J mauh md;G nfhz;L (cq;fs; cly;>
nghUs;> Mtp midj;Jk; mtUf;F) nfhLj;Jk; toptopahf mtUf;F
mbik G+z;L njhz;L nra;Aq;fs;. vy;yh mz;lq;fSf;Fk; mg;ghw;
nfhz;l guk;nghUshd vk;ngUkhd; (mtu;) vy;iy fle;j nts;sk;
Nghd;w msT fle;J ,d;gkakhd nghUs; (my;yth) Kw;fhyj;jpYk;
,f;fhyj;jpYk; vf;fhyj;jpYk; cs;s (mjhtJ Mjp me;jk; ,y;yhj
nghUs;) vd;wthW (ehk; mtid) tho;j;jpg; gy;yhz;L ghLNthkhf.

jp U ke; j p u k;

jpU%yu; mUspr;nra;j E}y; jpUke;jpuk; MFk;. ,e;E}ypy; 3000

ghly;fs; cs;sd. irt rpjj ; he;jf; fUj;Jf;fisAk; xOf;f newpfisAk;
vLj;Jf; $Wk; cau;e;j E}y; jpUke;jpuk;. ,e;E}y; xU rhj;jpu E}yhf
kl;Lky;yhky; Njhj;jpu E}yhfTk; kjpff; g;gLfpdw
; J. md;Gjhd; rptkhfTk;
rptk;jhd; md;G vdTk; tpsq;Ffpd;w cz;ikiaf; $Wk; jpUke;jpug;
ghly; cq;fs; rpe;jidf;Fk; njspTf;Fkhf ,q;F jug;gLfpwJ. ghbg;
ghUq;fs;.

47
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 gj;jhk; jpUKiw

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

md;GKk; rptKk; ,uz;nld;gu; mwptpyhu;

md;Ng rptkht jhUk; mwpfpyhu;
md;Ng rptkht jhUk; mwpe;jgpd;
md;Ng rptkh aku;e;jpUe; jhNu

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

nghop g ; G iu :-

md;G NtW rptk; NtW vd;gtu;fs; mwptpy;yhjtu;fs;@ md;Gjhd;

rptk; vd;gij vtUk; czu;e;jpyu;. md;Gjhd; rptk; vd;Dk; rptIf;fpa
cz;ik vg;NghJ czug;gLfpd;wNjh mg;NghJ mtu; rptrf;jpia
czu;e;J ,d;GWtu;.
ngupa Guhzk;
ngupa Guhzk; vd;Dk; jpUj;njhz;lu; Guhzk; gd;dpuz;lhe;
jpUKiwahf mikfpdw ; J. ,jidg; ghbatu; Nrf;fpohu; Mtu;. jpyi
; yapy;
eluhrg; ngUkhid Re;juu; juprpjj
; nghOJ tpise;j Ngupdg ; nts;sj;jpy;
Ko;fpg; gukhde;jk; mile;j epiyia ngupa Guhzj;jpy; tUk; ,g;ghly;
Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

Ie;JNg uwpTq; fz;fNs nfhs;s

msg;gUq; fuzq;fs; ehd;Fk;
rpe;ijNa ahff; FznkhU %d;Wk;
jpUe;Jrhj; JtpfNk ahf
,e;Jtho; rilah dhL khde;j
nty;iyapw; jdpg;ngUq; $j;jpd;
te;jNg upd;g nts;sj;Jl; jpisj;J
khwpyh kfpo;r;rpapy; kyu;e;jhu;.

jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;

48
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 nghop g ; G iu :-

nka;> tha;> fz;> %f;F> nrtp vDk; Ie;J nghwpfs; thapyhfTk;>

mwpag;gLfpd;w CW> Rit> xsp> kzk;> Xir vd;Dk; ngupa mwpTfs;
Ie;Jk; xUikg;gl;Lf; fl;Gyd; xd;wpNy xLq;fp epwf
; > msitf;F mfg;glhj
njhopw;ghLfisAila kdk;> Gj;jp> rpj;jk;> mfq;fhuk; vDk; me;jf;
fhuzq;fs; ehd;Fk; kdk; vDk; xd;wpNy xLq;fp epw;f> ,uhrjk;> jhkjk;>
rhj;Jtpfk; vd;Dk; Kf;Fzq;fSk; mtw;Wl; rpwe;jjhd rhj;Jtpfk;
vd;Dk; xd;wpNyNa xLq;fp epw;f> gpiwr; re;jpuidr; #ba riladhfpa
rptngUkhd; mk;gyj;jpy; epd;W MLfpd;w vy;iyapy;yhj jdpg; ngUQ;
rpwg;Gila Mde;jf; $j;ijf; fz;ljdhy; tpise;j Ngupd;gkhfpa
nts;sj;jpNy %o;fp> xNu jd;ikahd kfpo;r;rpapNy cs;sk; kyug;
ngw;whu;.

49
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 s;;
3.2 gpw;fhyj; Njhj;jpug; ghly;fs
mUshsu;fshd mbahu; ngUkf;fs; ,iwtidg; gw;wpg; ghlg;gLk;
ghly;fs; Njhj;jpuq;fshFk;. gd;dpU jpUKiwfSf;Fg; gpd;du; ,iw
mbahu;fs; ,iwtd; kPJ gy gpuge;jq;fisAk;> jdpr;nra;Al;fisAk;
ghbAs;sdu;. mg;ghly;fs; Njhj;jpug;ghly;fs; vd miof;fg;gLk;. ,j;jifa
Njhj; j pug; ghly; f s; f Ss; jpUg; G fo; > fe; j uyq; f huk; > fe; j uDg+jp>
fe;jGuhzk;> mgpuhkp me;jhjp> rfyfyh ty;ypkhiy Nghd;wit mlq;Fk;.

Njhj;jpuq;fspy; mbahu;fs; jq;fSila FiwfisAk; Jauq;fisAk;

,iwtdplk; KiwapLk; jd;ikiaAk; ,ue;J Ntz;Lk; gz;gpidAk;
fhzyhk;. mj;Jld; irtrpjj ; jhe;jf; fUj;Jf;fis epiwaNt Njhj;jpug;
ghly;fs; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

Njhj;jpuq;fs; vd;git> mbahu;fshy; nghUs; czu;eJ

; k; nghUs;
czuhkYk; ghlf; $bait@ ,d;dpirf;F mikthfNth> mikahNjh
jq;fs; Mw;wYf;F Vw;g ,iwtidg; ghbg; gutpg; gad;ngw cjTgit@
vspjpNy ,iwaUisg; ngwf;$ba gf;jp khu;ff ; khf mikgit ,j;jifa
rpwg;Gfisj; Njhj;jpug; ghly;fspNy fhzyhk;.

(m) jp U g; G fo;

~~thf;fpw;F mUzfpup|| vd;W Nghw;wg;gLgtu; mUzfpupehju;.

mtu; ,aw;wpa jpUg;Gfo; fe;juyq;fhuk;> fe;juDg+jp> Nty;tpUj;jk;>
kapy; tpUj;jk;> jpUtFg;G> fe;jue;jhjp Mfpa E}y;fs; Njhj;jpug; ghly;fSs;
mlq;Fk;. mtw;Ws; jpUg;Gfo;> fe;juyq;fhuk;> fe;juDg+jp Mfpa %d;W
E}y;fSk; kpfTk; rpwg;G tha;ej ; it@ irt kf;fspd; ghuhaz E}y;fshf
tpsq;Fgit.

mUzfpupehju;> KUfg;ngUkhdJ GfioAk; kfpikiaAk;>

mUl;bwj;ijAk; gy tifahYk; Gfo;e;J ghba irtj; jkpo; E}y;
jpUg;Gfo; MFk;. ,e;E}y; fw;gtiug; gpwtpf; flypdpd;Wk; fiuNru;f;Fk;
Njhzp@ ,iw gw;wpa nghJ kf;fspd; ek;gpf;ifia tYg;gLj;jpa E}y;.

Njthuq;fis XJk;NghJ gz; ,ir gad;gLtJ Nghd;W jpUg;Gfo;

ghLk;NghJ re;j ,ir gad;gLk;. mUzfpupehju; jpUg;Gfo;fisf;
Fwpg;gpl;l rpy jyq;fs; kPJ ghbAs;shu;. KUfg;ngUkhdpd; MWgil
tPLfSs; xd;W jpUNtufk;. mJ Rthkpkiy vdTk; toq;fg;gLk;.
jpUg;Gfo; jpUNtufj;jpy; tPww
; pUf;Fk; KUfg; ngUkhd; kPJ ghlg;gl;ljhFk;.
50
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
 Rthkp k iy (jp U Ntufk; )

ruzfkyh yaj;ij miuepkpl Neu kl;by;

jtKiw jpahdk; itf;f - mwpahj
rlfrl %lkl;b gttpidap Nyrdpj;j
jkpad;kpb ahy;kaf;fk; - KWNtNdh
fUizGup ahjpUg;g njdFiwap Ntisnrg;G
fapiykiy ehju;ngw;w - FkNuhNd
flfGa kPJuj;e kzpazpnghd; khiynrr;ir
fkOkz khu;flk;;gk; - mzpNthNd
jUzkpij ahkpFj;j fdkJW ePs;rTf;a
rfynry;t Nahfkpf;f - ngUtho;T
jifikrpt QhdKj;jp gufjpA ePnfhLj;J
jtpGupa NtZnea;j;j - tbNtyh
mUzjs ghjgj;k kDepjK NkJjpf;f
mupajkpo; jhdspj;j - kapy;tPuh
mjprpa Nef Kw;w goepkiy kPJjpj;j
mofjpU Ntufj;jpd; - KUNfhNd

gjTiu :-

fapiykiy ehju; ngw;w - fapiy kiyf;Fj; jiytuhd rptngUkhd;

ngw;w@ FkNuhNd - Fkud; vd;Dk; ngaUilaNu@ flfGakPJ- Njhs;
tiskPJ@ uj;ekzp mzp - ,uj;jpdf; fw;fshy; Md khiyAk;@
nghd;khiy - nghd;dhyhd khiyAk;@ nrr;ir - ntl;rp kyu;
khiyAk;@ mzpNthNd - nea; g+rg;gl;l $u;ikahd
NtiyAilatNd@ mUzjs - nre;epwk; nghUe;jpa ,jo;fis
cila@ ghj gj;kkJ - ckJ ghjq;fshfpa jhkiu kyu;fis@
epjKNk Jjpf;f - ehd; xt;nthU ehSk; Jjpj;Jg; ghl@ mupa
jkpo;jhd; mspj;j - mupa jkpo; nkhopia vdf;Ff; nfhLj;jUspa@
mjprak; mNefk; cw; w - mw; G jq; f s; mjpfsT ,lk; ngw; w
godpkiy kPJ cjpj;j - godpkiy kPJ Njhd;wpa@ mof - mofNd
jpUNtufj; j pd; KUNfhNd- jpUNtufk; vd; D k; godp kiyapy;
vOe; j UspAs; s KUfg; n gUkhNd ruz fky Myaj; i j -
ruzkile;J ca;a cjTk; cd;Dila ghjq;fshfpa jhkiuf;
Nfhapiy@ miu epkpl Neu kl;by; - miuepkplkhtJ (kpff;Fiwe;j

51
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
NeukhtJ)@ jtKiw jpahdk; itf;f mwpahj - Ik;Gyd;fisAk;
xLf; f p kdj; i j xUepiyg; g Lj; j p xU Kfkhd rpe; j idapy;
epidj; j pUf; f j; njupahj@ rl - J}y ruP u j; i j cila@ frl -
Fw;wkila@ %l - mQ;Qhdk; kpFe;J (%ld;)@ kl;b - mwptpy;yhj@
gttpidapNy rdpj; j - gpwg; g pw; F f; fhuzkhd jP t pidapdhw;
gpwe; j @ jkpad; - jdpg; g l; l tdhfpa ehd; @ kpbahy; kaf;fk;
cWNtNdh- Jd;gj;jpdhy; kdf;fyf;fk; mile;J tUe;JtJ jFNkh?
fUiz GupahJ ,Ug; g J vd; d plj; j py; cdJ ,aw; i fahd
mUspuf;fk; nfhz;L fUiz nra;ahJ eP ,Ug;gjw;F@ vd Fiw-
vd; d plj; j py; cs; s FiwghLfs; vd; d ? @ ,t; N tis nrg; G -
,r;rkaj;jpy; $Wthahf@ Iah -IaNd (jiytNd)@ ,J jUzk;-
,J jhd; eP fUiz nfhz;L mUs;Guptjw;fhd jFe;j rkak;@
kpFe;j fdk; mJ cW- kpFe;j ngUik nfhz;l@ ePs; rTf;a - ePz;l
Rfj;ijj; jUtjhd@ rfy nry;t Nahfk; kpf;f - vy;yhtpjkhd
nry;tq;fSk; tha;f;ff; $ba Nahfk; kpFe;j@ ngUtho;T - rpwe;j
tho;Tk;@ jifik- kpfTk; Nkd;ikahd@ rptQhdKj;jp gufjpAk; -
rptQhdj;ijAk;> mjdhy; ngwf;$ba Kj;jpiaAk;@ ePnfhLj;J
cjtp Gupa NtZk; - eP vdf;Fj; je;J mUs; Gupa Ntz;Lk;.

nghop g ; G iu

fapiy kiyf;Fk; jiytuhd rptngUkhd; ngw;w Fkuf;flTNs!

Njhs; tis mzpe;j Gaj;jpd; kPJ ,uj;jpd khiyfisAk; nghd;
khiyiaAk; ntl;rp khiyiaAk; kzk; tPRfpd;w flg;g khiyiaAk;
mzpej; tNd! nea; g+rg;ngw;w $upa this Ve;jpatNd> nre;epw ,jo;fis
cila cdJ ghjq;fshfpa jhkiu kyu;fis ehd; jpde;NjhWk;
Jjpj;Jg; ghl mUikahd jkpo; nkhopia mspj;jUspa kapiy
thfdkhff; nfhz;l tPuNd! mw;Gjq;fs; gyTk; epiwe;j godpkiy
kPJ Njhd;wpa mofNd!

jpUNtufk; vd;Dk; Rthkpkiyapy; vOe;jUspAs;s KUfNd!

cd;Dila ghjq;fshfpa jhkiuf; Nfhapiy kpff;Fiwe;j msthd
miu epkpl Neuq; $lj; jtk; nra;Ak; Kiwapy; Gyd;fis xLf;fp
kdj;ij xUepiyg;gLj;jp xUKfkhfr; rpe;jidapy; epiyj;jpUf;fj;
njupahj J}y ruPuj;ijAila Fw;wKila mQ;Qhdk; kpFe;j mwptpyy
; hj
gpwg;gpw;Nf fhuzkhd jPtpidapdhy; gpwe;j jdpg;gl;ltdhd ehd;
52
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
Jd;gj;jpdhy; kdf; fyf;fj;ij mile;J tUe;JtJ jFNkh? vd;dplj;jpy;
cdJ ,aw;ifahd mUspuf;fk; nfhz;L fUizia eP nra;ahJ
,Ug;gjw;F vd;dplKs;s FiwghLfs; vd;d? IaNd! ,J jhd; eP
fUiz nfhz;L vdf;F mUspidg; Gupaj; jFe;j rkak; kpfTk;
ngUik nghUe; j pa eP z ; l Rfj; i jj; jUtjhd vy; y htpjkhd
nry;tq;fSk; tha;f;ff; $ba Nahfk; epiwe;j rpwe;j tho;f;ifiaAk;
Nkd; i kahd rptQhdj; i jAk; mjdhw; ngwf; $ ba Kf; j piaAk;
(tPLNgw;iwAk;) eP vdf;Fj; je;jUs Ntz;Lk;.

Fwp g ; G iu:
iu:-

flfk;- Njhs;tis@ mzp- mzpfyk;@ nrr;ir- ntl;rpkhiy@

mUzk; - nre;epwk;@ gj;kk; - jhkiu@ epjKk; - xt;nthUehSk;@
mjprak;- mw;Gjk;@ cw;w ,lk; ngw;w (epfo;e;j)@ cjpj;j - Njhd;wpa@
mof - mofd;@ Myak; - Nfhapy;@ rlk; - J}y ruPuk;@ kl;b - mwptpy;yhj@
kpb - Jd;gk; (tWik) nrg;G - $W@ jUzk; - rkak;@ fzk; ngUik@
rTf;fpak; - Rfk;

tp s f; f k; : -

mUzfpupehju; ,j;jpUg;Gfopy;> jd;Dila ,ay;G> jd;dplKs;s

FiwghL jhd; gLe;Jau;> jhd; mila tpUk;GtJ> KUfd; jdf;F
mspj;Js;sit> KUfid tpspf;Fk; (miof;Fk;) Kiw vd;gtw;iwj;
njspthf tptupjJ
; s;shu;. mUzfpupehju; jd;dpy; fhZk; FiwghLfisf;
$wp KUfdplk; mUs;ngw tpiofpd;whu;.

,j;jpUg;Gfopy; KUfd; jpUtUspdhy; mtDila jpUtbfis

miu epkpl Neuk; ehs;NjhWk; jpahdk; nra;jhy;> jkpopdhy; mtDila
ghjq;fisg; Nghw;wpg; ghbg; gutpdhy; kpb mfd;W ngUikAk; rfy
nry;tKk; fpilf;Fk; vd;W mUzfpupehju; vkf;Ff; $wpAs;shu;. cs;s
mrl;bid ePff; pAk; %lj;ijg; Nghf;fpAk; klj;ij mopjJ
; k; rptQhdj;ijg;
ngUf;fpAk; KUfd; jpUtbfis ehs;;NjhWk; jpahdk; nra;J jkpopy;
ghb cUfpg; gut Ntz;Lk;. mJNt gpwtpg; gadhfpa Kf;jpiaj; jUk;
vd;W mUzfpupehju; tpsf;Ffpd;whu;.

53
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf
ghlr; RUf; f k;
• Njhj;jpuq;fs; ,iwtidg; Nghw;wpg; ghlg;gLtd.
• Njhj; j puq; f Ss; jpUg; G fo; > fe; j uDg+jp> fe; j uyq; f huk; >
rfyfyhty;ypkhiy> mgpuhkpme;jhjp Kjyhdit
mlq;Ffpd;wd.
• Njhj;jpuq;fspy; mbahu;fs; jq;fspd; Fiwfs; Jauq;fs;
vd;gdtw;iw KiwapLk; ghq;Fk; ,iwtdplk; ,ue;J ghbg;
guTk; jd;ikAk; cs;sd.
• gf;jp khu;f;fj;jpw;Fupa topfspy; Njhj;jpuk; ghb topgLjy;
,lk; ngWfpd;wJ.
• Njhj;jpug; ghly;fSs; xd;whd jpUg;Gfo; mUzfpupehjuhy;
ghlg;gl;lJ.
• ghuhaz E}yhd jpUg;Gfopy;> KUfg;ngUkhdpd; kfpik> Gfo;
mUl;bwd; vd;gd Nghw;wp ghlg;gl;Ls;sd.
• KUfg; ngUkhdpd; MWgil tPLfspy; xd;W jpUNtufk;
(Rthkpkiy) ~~ruzfkyh yaj; i j|| vd; w jpUg; G fo;
jpUNtufj;jpYs;s KUfg;ngUkhd; kPJ ghlg;gl;ljhFk;.

gap w ; r p f s;
gpd; t Uk; tpdhf; f Sf; F tpiljUf.
1. Njhj;jpuk; vd;why; vd;d?
2. Njhj;jpuq;fspd; rpwg;Gf;fis tpsf;fpf; $Wf.
3. mUzfpupehju; ghba E}y;fSs; ehd;fpidf; Fwpg;gpLf.
4. jpUg;Gfopd; Kf;fpaj;Jtq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
5. jpUg;Gfo; ghLk;NghJ ftdpf;f Ntz;ba tplaq;fs; vit?

nraw; g hL

♦ ~~ruzfkyh yaj;ij....|| vd;w jpUg;Gfio kddk; nra;J

re;jj;Jld; tFg;giwapy; ghLf. nghopg;GiuiaAk; vOJf.

♦ ~~ruzfkyh yaj;ij ...|| vd;w jpUg;Gfo; %yk; mUzfpupehju;

vtw;iw vLj;Jf; $Wfpd;whu; vd;gij tpsf;fkhf vOJf.

♦ ,j;jpUg;Gfio re;j ,ir nghUe;j ghbg; gapYf.

54
,ytr tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf