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Tactical Questioning
■■ Gathering information from people. ■■ Develops plans, conducts the questioning, handling detainees to ensure success
http://portal.awg.army.smil.mil
Conduct TQ when Identity Detection Equipment (HIIDE). exploitation (TSE) materials and personal
A Guide for U.S. Forces
SIPR awg.cis1@us.army.smil.mil
■■ People of interest are on the objective.
Notes may be recorded electronically as ■■ Silence: Silence all detainees. If detainees
a back-up to written notes. will not comply, gag them.
NIPR awg.cis@us.army.mil
■■ Talking to a local national.
Pocket Reference
December 2010
■■ Preparation: Brief the interpreter on the Leads are statements or answers that JUMPS is an acronym to guide any Soldier
With Security inside interview room:
questions you will ask. Ensure he under- indicate the detainee may have information on the types of questions to ask in any inter-
stands your intent and vocabulary. Security Interpreter on another significant subject or additional view. First question always is: “Is there any
■■ Instruction: Instruct the interpreter that he information on the question being asked. immediate danger to my patrol?”
is the microphone—nothing more. When ■■ Hot lead: Time-sensitive information ■■ J – Job: What is your job/profession/rank/
you ask “How are you,” he shouldn’t say of immediate value or information that tribe (clan)/father’s name/place of birth/age?
“He wants to know how you are.” The Team Leader
answers PIR. ■■ U – Unit: What is your unit/the name of
interpreter should reflect the interviewer’s your company? Who is your boss/supervisor?
■■ Cold lead: Information that does not meet
emotion and tone.
criteria of hot lead and does not warrant a ■■ M – Mission: What is the mission of the
■■ Sensor: The interpreter may be able to Local National
change in the current interview or current unit/company you work for? Mission of
pick up indicators of lying, ethnic back- operations. next higher unit/company, current mission,
ground, or nationality of the detainee. anticipated future missions?
■■ Source lead: Information that identifies a
Instruct the interpreter to pass this infor-
mation to you. With Security outside interview room: source that has the knowledge you seek. ■■ P – Priority information requirement
(PIR): Ask questions pertinent to your
■■ DO NOT talk to the interpreter; ask your Interpreter commander’s PIR.
questions directly to the detainee. The
interpreter only translates what you say. ■■ S – Stuff: Ask questions about anything
Team Leader that does not fit in the categories above:
This is a catch-all category and a good
place to tie questions to items that were
Local National found on the individual (e.g., “explain this
10-04275-02 map and these circled spots”).
Types of Questions TSE Tie-In Indications of Lying
Direct: (Only authorized technique) Do Not Use: Prior to questioning –– Making gross body movements
■■ An efficient method of asking precise ■■ Review all captured pocket litter/ –– Moving chair away from interviewer
questions toward a specific objective. Vague:
documents/media on detainee. –– Preparing to stand up
Normally, who, what, when, where, why, ■■ Questions that are not specific. These
may lead to answers that are misinter- ■■ Have detention photo in hand (digital). –– Attempting to leave
and how begin the question.
preted by the interviewer or elicit broad ■■ Review detention circumstances and –– Making grooming gestures
■■ DON’T FORGET “ELSE”! (Who else, why
answers that are of no use. location of detention. –– Rubbing or wringing of hands
else, where else, etc.)
Compound: ■■ View all TSE materials and have them on –– Touching ear, nose, etc.
Tips ■■ Multiple questions contained within a hand for shock value if needed. –– Picking or chewing on fingernails
■■ “War game” your techniques in rehearsals. single question: “When did you stage and –– Licking lips, clearing of throat
■■ Do not depend on lists or cheat sheets (you conduct the attack?” Sample TSE questions –– Tapping, swinging, or arching of feet
may lose eye contact and miss an indicator of Negative: ■■ What is this used for? –– Shuffling papers
deception). ■■ Phrasing that prompts the interviewee to ■■ Who owns this? –– Adjusting clothing or jewelry
■■ Have a focused approach (erratic questions make a negative response, whether true ■■ Who made this? –– Placing hand over mouth while talking
all over the map will confuse both you and the or not: “You didn’t see any CF while on
■■ Where did you get this? –– Crossing arms or legs while leaning
detainee). your recon, did you?”
back
■■ Be specific and focused with questions (if you want Leading: ■■ Where are the rest of the parts?
to know what the person’s profession is, ask “What –– Hiding hands by sitting on them
■■ Questions that prompt the interviewee to ■■ Who paid for this?
is your profession?” not “What do you do?”). –– Holding forehead with hands
give the answer he believes you want.
■■ Ask questions that cannot be answered with yes
or no.
■■ If you are doing most of the talking, he is winning!