III-A Evidence Outline Mondays 4:00-7:00 PM

LAW126 EVIDENCE OUTLINE

Prof. Augusto A. San Pedro, Jr.
SY 2017-2018, First Semester

PART ONE
I. General Provisions
A. Rule 128
Cases:
(1) Knapp v. State, 79 N.E. 1076 (1907)
(2) State v. Ball, 339 S.W. 2nd 783 (1960)
B. Rules of Exclusion
a) §2-3, Constitution Art. III
b) §12, Constitution Art. III
c) §17, Constitution Art. III
d) §201, Tax Reform Act of 1997
e) R.A. 4200, Anti-Wiretapping Law
f) R.A. 1405, Law on Secrecy of Bank Deposits
g) R.A. 6426, FCD Act of the Philippines
Cases:
(1) Mamba v. Garcia, 359 SCRA 426 (2001)
(2) Marquez v. Desierto, 359 SCRA 772 (2001)
(3) Ejercito v. Sandiganbayan, 509 SCRA 190 (2006)
II. What need not be proved (Rule 129)
A. Judicial Notice (§1-3, Rule 129)
Cases:
(1) Manufacturers Hanover Trust v. Guerrero, 397 SCRA 709 (2003)
(2) Pigao v. Rabanillo, 488 SCRA 546 (2006)
(3) BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc. v. CTA, 330 SCRA 507 (2000)
(4) Land Bank v. Yatco Agriculture Enterprises, G.R. No. 172551, 15 January 2015
(5) Land Bank of the Philippines v. Banal, 434 SCRA 543 (2004)
(6) Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 152375, 13 December 2011

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B. Judicial Admissions
a) §4, Rule 129
b) § 8, Rule 10
c) §1-4, Rule 26
d) Arts. 12 and 2035, Civil Code
e) Arts. 48 and 60, Family Code
f) §2, Rule 118
Cases:
(1) Herrera-Felix v. Court of Appeals, 436 SCRA 87 (2004)
(2) Heirs of Pedro Clemeña v. Heirs of Irene Bien, 501 SCRA 405 (2006)
(3) Luciano Tan v. Rodil Enterprises, 511 SCRA 162 (2006)
(4) Atillo III v. Court of Appeals, 266 SCRA 596 (1997)
(5) People v. Lacson, 413 SCRA 20 (2003)
(6) Dimaguila v. Monteiro, 314 SCRA 565 (2014)
III. Rules of Admissibility (Rule 130)
A. Object Evidence
Cases:
(1) Sison v. People, 250 SCRA 58 (1995) [cf. § 1, Rule 11 of Rules of Electronic Evidence]
(2) People v. Rullepa, 398 SCRA 567 (2003)
B. Documentary Evidence
Case:
(1) Yap v. Inopiquez, Jr., 403 SCRA 141 (2003)
1. Best Evidence Rule ( §3-8, Rule 130)
a) E-Commerce Act, §10
b) Rules on Electronic Evidence Rules 2(h), 3, and 4
Cases:
(1) Consolidated Bank v. Del Monte Motor Works, Inc., 465 SCRA 117 (2006)
(2) Lee v. People, 440 SCRA 662 (2004)
(3) Citibank, N.A. Mastercard v. Teodoro, 411 SCRA 577 (2003)
(4) Vda. De Corpus v. Brabangco (C.A.), 59 O.G. 8262 (1963)
(5) Vila Rey Transit, Inc. v. Ferrer, 25 SCRA 845 (1968)
(6) Compania Maritima v. Allied Free Workers Union, 77 SCRA 24 (1977)
(7) Tenebro v. Court of Appeals, 423 SCRA 272 (2004)

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(8) Republic v. Marcos-Manotoc, G.R. No. 171701, 8 February 2012

2. Parole Evidence Rule (§9, Rule 130)
a) Express trusts on immovables (Art. 1443, Civil Code)
b) Statute of Frauds (Arts. 1403 and 1405, Civil Code)
Cases:
(1) Financial Building Corporation v. Rudlin, G.R. No. 164186, 4 October 2010
(2) Palanca v. Fred Wilson & Co., 37 Phil. 506 (1918)
(3) Maulini v. Serrano, 28 Phil. 640 (1914)
(4) Woodhouse v. Halili 93 Phil. 526 (1953)
(5) Land Settlement Development Corp. v. Garcia Plantation Co., Inc., 7 SCRA 750 (1963)
(6) Robles v. Lizarraga Hermanos 50 Phil. 387 (1927)
(7) Philippine National Railways v. CIR of Albay, Br. I, 83 SCRA 569 (1978)
(8) Lapulapu Foundation, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 421 SCRA 328 (2004)
(9) Baluyot v. Poblete, 514 SCRA 370 (2007)
(10) Heirs of Ureta v. Heirs of Ureta, G.R. No. 165748, 14 September 2011
(11) Lechugas v. Court of Appeals, 143 SCRA 335 (1986)
(12) Inciong v. Court of Appeals, 257 SCRA 578 (1996)
3. Interpretation of Documents (§§10-19, Rule 130)
C. Testimonial Evidence
1. Qualifications of Witnesses (§20, Rule 130)
a) Art. 821, Civil Code
b) §17, Rule 119, Rules of Court
Case:
(1) Recto v. Republic, 440 SCRA 79 (2004)
2. Mental Incapacity or Immaturity (§21, Rule 130)
a) §6 of Child Witness Rule
Cases:
(1) People v. Deauna, 386 SCRA 136 (2002)
(2) People v. Macapal, Jr., 463 SCRA 387 (2005)
(3) People v. Santos, 501 SCRA 325 (2006)
3. Marital Disqualification (§22, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Lezama v. Rodriguez, 23 SCRA 1166 (1968)

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(2) Alvarez v. Ramirez, 473 SCRA 72 (2005)

4. Dead Man’s Statute (§23, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Tongco v. Vianzon, 50 Phil. 698 (1927)
(2) Lichauco v. Atlantic Gulf, 84 Phil. 330 (1949)
(3) Go Chi Gun v. Co Cho, 96 Phil. 622 (1955)
(4) Asturias v. Court of Appeals, 9 SCRA 131 (1963)
(5) Guerrero v. St. Claire’s Realty & Co., 124 SCRA 553 (1983)
(6) Razon v. IAC, 207 SCRA 234 (1992)
(7) Sunga-Chan v. Chua, 363 SCRA 249 (2001)
(8) Zeigler v. Moore, 75 Nev. 91 335 P2d S. 425 (1959)
5. Privileged Communication (§24, Rule 130)
a) Marital Communications Cases:
Cases:
(1) United States v. Antipolo, 37 Phil. 726 (1916)
(2) People v. Carlos, 47 Phil 626 (1925)
(3) Zuleta v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 107383, 20 February 1996
(4) People v. Francisco, 78 Phil. 694 (1947)
(5) Lacurom v. Jacoba, 484 SCRA 206 (2006)
b) Attorney-Client Privilege
Cases:
(1) Barton v. Leyte Asphalt & Mineral Oil Co., 46 Phil. 938 (1924)
(2) Orient Insurance v. Revilla, 54 Phil. 919 (1930)
(3) Upjohn Company v. U.S., 449 U.S. 383 (1981)
(4) People v. Sandiganbayan, 275 SCRA 505 (1997)
(5) Mercado v. Vitriolo, 459 SCRA 1 (2005)
(6) Regala v. Sandiganbayan, 262 SCRA 124 (1996)
c) Physician - Patient Privilege
—See also Rule 28—
Cases:
(1) Lim v. Court of Appeals, 214 SCRA 273 (1992)
(2) Krohn v. Court of Appeals, 233 SCRA 146 (1994)
d) Priest/Minister - Penitent Privilege

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e) State Secrets
(1) Banco Filipino v. Monetary Board, 142 SCRA 523 (1986)
**See §16, R.A. 7653 (New Central Bank Act)
(2) Senate v. Ermita, 488 SCRA 1 (2006)
f) Parental and Filial Privilege (§25, Rule 130)

(a) Art. 215, Civil Code

Case:
(1) People v. Invencion, 398 SCRA 592 (2003)
g) Newsman’s Privilege (See R.A. No. 53, as amended by R.A. 1477)
Case:
(1) In the Matter of Farber, 394 A.2d 330 (1978)
h) Trade Secrets
Case:
(1) Air Phil Corp. v. Pennswell, Inc. (13 December 2007)

PART TWO
I. Admissions and Confessions
A. Admissions Against Interest
a) §§26 and 32, Rule 130
b) §13, Rule 132
Cases:
(1) People v. Paragsa, 84 SCRA 105 (1978)
(2) Rufina Patis Factory v. Alusitain, 434 SCRA 491 (2004)
(3) Estate of Jesus S. Yujuico v. Republic, G.R. No. 168661, October 26, 2007
B. Compromises
a) §1(f), Rule 116
b) §§1-2, Rule 118
c) §27, Rule 130
Cases:
(1) Varadero v. Insular Lumber, 46 Phil. 176 )1924)
(2) People v. Lambid, 412 SCRA 417 (2003)
(3) People v. Godoy, 250 SCRA 676 (1995)

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C. Res Inter Alios Acta (§§28 and 34, Rule 130)

Case:
(1) People v. Gaudia, 423 SCRA 520 (2004)
D. Exceptions to the Res Inter Alias Acta Rule
a) Admissions by a co-partner or agent

i. §29, Rule 130

ii. §23, Rule 138

Case:
(1) Acenas v. Sison, 8 SCRA 711 (1963)
b) Admission by conspirators (§30, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) People v. Cabrera, 57 SCRA 715 (1974)
(2) Alvizo v. Sandiganbayan, 406 SCRA 311 (2003)
(3) Preagido, et al. v. Sandiganbayan, 476 SCRA 143 (2005)
c) Admission by privies (§31, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) City of Manila v. Del Rosario, 5 Phil. 227 (1905)
(2) Republic v. Sandiganbayan, 406 SCRA 190 (2003)
E. Confessions
a) §33, Rule 130
b) §3, Rule 133
c) §§12 and 17, Art. III, 1987 Constitution
Cases:
(1) People v. Compil, 244 SCRA 135 (1995)
(2) People v. Wong Chuen Ming, 256 SCRA 182 (1996)
(3) People v. Base, 329 SCRA 158 (2000)
(4) People v. Ulit, 423 SCRA 374 (2004)
(5) People v. Tomaquin, 435 SCRA 23 (2004)
(6) People v. Rapeza, 520 SCRA 596 (2007)
II. Conduct as Evidence
A. Similar Acts/Unaccepted Offer
a) §§34-35, Rule 130

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b) Art. 1256, Civil Code

Cases:
(1) U.S. v. Pineda, 37 Phil. 457 (1918)
(2) People v. Asinas, 53 Phil. 59 (1929)
(3) People v. Irang, 64 Phil. 285 (1937)
(4) Nicolas v. Enriquez, 97 Phil. 286 (1955)
(5) Boston Bank v. Manalo, 482 SCRA 108 (2006)
III. Hearsay Rule
A. Testimonial Knowledge (§§36-47, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Richmond v. Anchuelo 4 Phil. 596 (1905)
(2) Lea Mer Industries, Inc. v. Malayan Insurance Co., Inc., 471 SCRA 698 (2005)
(3) Estrada v. Desierto, 356 SCRA 108 (2001)
B. Specific Exceptions
1. Dying Declaration (§37, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) People v. Camiling, 424 SCRA 698 (2004)
(2) Pp. v. Salafranca, G.R. No. 173476, 22 February 2012
(3) People v. Sabio, 102 SCRA 218 (1981)
(4) People v. Laquinon, 153 SCRA 91 (1985)
(5) People v. De Joya, 203 SCRA 343 (1991)
(6) Marturillas v. People, 487 SCRA 273 (2006)
2. Declaration Again Interest (§38, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Parel v. Prudencio, 487 SCRA 405 (2006)
(2) Viacrucis v. Court of Appeals, 44 SCRA 176 (1972)
(3) Fuentes, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, 253 SCRA 430 (1996)
3. Pedigree (§39, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Gravador v. Mamigo, 20 SCRA 742 (1967)
(2) Tison v. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582 (1997)
4. Family Tradition (§40, Rule 130)
Cases:

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(1) People v. Alegado, 201 SCRA 37 (1991)

(2) Ferrer v. De Ynchausti, 38 Phil. 905 (1918)
5. Common Reputation (§41, Rule130)
Case:
(1) City of Manila v. Del Rosario, 5 Phil. 227 (1905)
6. Res Gestae (§42, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) People v. Latayada, 423 SCRA 237 (2004)
(2) People v. Lungayan, 162 SCRA 100 (1988)
(3) DBP Pool of Accredited Companies v. Radio Mindanao Network, Inc. 480 SCRA 314
(2006)
7. Entries in the Course of Business (§43, Rule 130)
Cases:
(1) Sadagnot v. Reinier Pacific International Shipping, Inc., et al., G.R. No. 152636, 8
August 2007
(2) Canque v. Court of Appeals, 305 SCRA 579 (1999)
(3) Land Bank v. Oñate, G.R. No. 192371, 15 January 2014
8. Official Records
a) §44, Rule 130
b) §§23-25, Rule 132
(1) Unites States v. Que Ping, 40 Phil. 17 (1919)
(2) People v. San Gabriel, 253 SCRA 84 (1996)
(3) Escobar v. Luna, 519 SCRA 1 (2007)
9. Commercial Lists (§45, Rule 130)
Case:
(1) PNOC Shipping and Transport Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 297 SCRA 402
(1998)
10. Learned Treatises (§46, Rule 130)
Case:
(1) Estrada v. Noble, 49 O.G. 139 (1952)
11. Prior Testimony
a) §47, Rule 130
b) §4, Rule 23
Cases:

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(1) Manliclic, et al. v. Calaunan, 512 SCRA 642 (2007)

(2) Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 152375, 13 December 2011
IV. Opinion Rule
1. §§48-50, Rule 130
2. §22, Rule 132
3. Rule on DNA Evidence
Cases:
(1) People v. Duranan, 349 SCRA 180 (2001)
(2) Ilao-Quianay v. Mapile, 474 SCRA 246 (2005)
(3) People v. Umanito, G.R. No. 172607, 26 October 2007
(4) People v. Yatar, 428 SCRA 505 (2004)
(5) People v. Webb, G.R. No. 176389, 14 December 2010
V. Character as Evidence
1. §51, Rule 130
2. §14, Rule 132
3. §6, R.A. 8505
(1) People v. Babiera, 52 Phil. 97 (1928)
(2) People v. Soliman, 101 Phil. 767 (1957)
(3) People v. Cheng 279 SCRA 129 (1997)
(4) Civil Service Commission v. Belagan, 440 SCRA 578 (2004)

PART THREE
I. Burden of Proof and Presumptions
A. Burden of Proof (§1, Rule 131)
Cases:
(1) People v. Pajenado, 31 SCRA 812 (1970)
(2) People v. Macalaba, 395 SCRA 461 (2003)
(3) People v. Florendo, 413 SCRA 132 (2003)
(4) Prudential Guarantee and Assurance, Inc. v. TransAsia Shipping Lines, Inc., 491
SCRA 411 (2006)
B. Presumptions (§§2-4, Rule 131)
(1) Mabunga v. People, 429 SCRA 518 (2004)
(2) Ong v. Sandiganbayan, 470 SCRA 7 (2005)

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(3) Pilipinas Bank v. Glee Chemical Laboratories, Inc., 490 SCRA 663 (2006)
(4) Surtida v. Rural Bank of Malinao (Albay), Inc., 511 SCRA 507 (2006)
(5) Ermitano v. Paglas, G.R. No. 174436, 23 January 2013
II. Presentation of Evidence
A. Examination of Witnesses
1. §§1-2, Rule 132
2. Rule on the Conduct of Pre-Trial (AM No. 03-1-09-SC)
3. Judicial Affidavit Rule
B. Rights of a Witness
1. §3, Rule 132
Cases:
(1) Galman v. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 294 (1985)
(2) Herrera v. Alba, 460 SCRA 197 (2005)
(3) Rosete v. Lim, 490 SCRA 125 (2006)
C. Order of Examination
1. §4-10, Rule 132
2. §1(d), Rule 115
Case:
(1) Capitol Subdivision v. Province of Negros Occidental, 99 Phil. 633 (1956)
D. Impeachment of Witnesses
1. §11-15, Rule 132
2. §4, Rule 23
Cases:
(1) Office of the Court Administrator v. Morante, 428 SCRA 1 (2004)
(2) Civil Service Commission v. Belagan, 440 SCRA 578 (2004)
(3) Philippine Trust Co. v. Antigua Botica Ramirez, 56 Phil. 562 (1932)
E. Reference to Writing
1. §16-18, Rule 132
Case:
(1) Canque v. Court of Appeals, 305 SCRA 579 (1999)
III. Authentication and Proof of Documents
A. Public Documents
1. §§19, 23-30, Rule 132

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2. Art. 408, Civil Code

3. §201, R.A. 8424
Cases:
(1) Pacific Asia Overseas Shipping Corp. v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 122 (1988)
(2) People v. Lazaro, 317 SCRA 435 (1999)
(3) Delfin v. Billones, 485 SCRA 38 (2006)
(4) Sevilla v. Cardenas, 497 SCRA 428 (2006)
B. Private Documents (§§20-22, 32-33, Rule 132)
Cases:
(1) Bartolome v. IAC (now Court of Appeals), 183 SCRA 102 (1990)
(2) Malayan Insurance Ca, Inc. v. Philippine Nails and Wires Corporation, 380 SCRA
374 (2002)
(3) Jimenez v. Commission on Ecumenical Mission and Relation of the United
Presbyterian Church in the USA, 383 SCRA 326 (2002)
(4) Cequena v. Boante, 330 SCRA 216 (2000)
(5) Pan Pacific Industrial Sales Co., Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 482 SCRA 164 (2006)
C. Alteration in Documents (§31, Rule 132)
Cases:
(1) Cabotaje v. Padunan, 436 SCRA 423 (2004)
(2) Cirelos v. Hernandez, 490 SCRA 635 (2006)
D. Rule on Electronic Evidence
Cases:
(1) Aznar v. Citibank, N.A. 519 SCRA 287 (2007)
(2) Vidallon-Magtolis v. Salud, 469 SCRA 439 (2005)
(3) MCC Industrial Sales Corp. v. Ssangyong Corp., G.R. No. 170633, 17 October 2007
(4) Torres v. Pagcor, G.R. No. 193531, 6 December 2011
IV. Offer and Objection (§§34-40. Rule 132)
Cases:
(1) Parel v. Prudencio, 487 SCRA 405 (2006)
(2) Ramos v. Dizon, 489 SCRA 17 (2006)
(3) Heirs of Lourdes Saez Sabanpan v. Comorposa, 408 SCRA 692 (2003)
(4) Cabugao v. People, 435 SCRA 624 (2004)
(5) Yu v. Court of Appeals, 476 SCRA 443 (2005)
(6) Valencia v. Sandiganbayan, 473 SCRA 279 (2005)

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(7) Tan v. People, 500 SCRA 172 (2006)

(8) Catacutan v. People, G.R. No. 175991, 31 August 2011
V. Weight and Sufficiency of Evidence
A. Civil Cases (§1, Rule 133)
Cases:
(1) Habagat Grill v. DMC-Urban Property Developer, Inc., 454 SCRA 653 (2005)
(2) Spouses Sevilla v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 150284, 22 November 2010
(3) Hun Hyung Park v. Eung Wan Choi, 515 SCRA 502 (2007)
B. Criminal Cases:
Cases:
(1) Ungsod v. People, 478 SCRA 282 (2005)
(2) Marturillas v. People, 487 SCRA 273 (2006)
(3) People v. Del Mundo, 510 SCRA 554 (2006)
(4) People v. Villanueva, 506 SCRA 280 (2006)
(5) People v. Padua, 516 SCRA 590 (2007)
C. Administrative Cases (§5, Rule 133)
Cases:
(1) Ramos Vda. De Brigino v. Ramos, 481 SCRA 546 (2006)
(2) Nacu v. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 187752, 23 November 2010
(3) Reyes v. Mangno, 450 SCRA 27 (2005)
D. Credibility of Witnesses
Cases:
(1) People v. Domingcil, 419 SCRA 291 (2003)
(2) People v. Alcantara, 427 SCRA 673 (2004)
E. Termination of Presentation of Evidence (§6, Rule 133)
Case:
(1) People v. Subida, 493 SCRA 125 (2006)
F. Evidence on Motion (§7, Rule 133)
Cases:
(1) Bravo, Jr. v. Soria, 134 SCRA 466 (1985)
(2) People v. Monteiro, 192 SCRA 548 (1990)

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