Chapter 1 - Introduction to Disaster and

Disaster Risks

Panabo National High School – Senior High School

Basic At the end of this session, you
should be able to:
New Site, Gredu, Panabo City
Definitions Define disaster, disaster
Disaster Readiness and & Terms risk, elements at risk,
hazards, exposure,
sensitivity, adaptive
Risk Reduction (DRRR) Learning capacity, vulnerability,
Objectives and concepts of disaster
risk management.
Arzelo D. Rivas
Secondary Teacher II
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Disaster Risk
DISASTER
The serious disruption of the functioning
• Disaster risk is the potential loss in
of society, causing widespread human, lives, health status, livelihoods,
material or environmental losses, which and various assets.
exceed the ability of the affected people to
cope using their own resources.

An event, either man-made or natural,

sudden or progressive, causing widespread
human, material or environmental losses

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Disaster Risk
The probability that a
community’s
structure or
geographic area is to
be damaged or
disrupted by the
impact of a particular
hazard, on account of
their nature,
construction, and
proximity to a
hazardous area.
10 Mechanism behind emergence 11

of natural disasters

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 1

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Disaster and
Disaster Risks

Elements at Risk
Persons, buildings, Vulnerability
crops or other such like
societal components Is a condition
exposed to known or sets of
hazard, which are likely conditions that
to be adversely reduces
people’s ability
affected by the impact
to prepare for,
of the hazard.
Exposed Elements
withstand or
respond to a
hazard
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HAZARD
Phenomenon or situation, which has
the potential to cause disruption or
damage to people, their property, their
services and their environment

There is a
potential for
occurrence
of an event 14 15

Hazards Biological Hazards

• Natural hazards are phenomena that may
cause severe death toll, damages to • Hazards caused by
property, environment, and socio- exposure of living
economic condition of communities. organisms to toxic
substances and
• Three different types of natural hazards microorganisms that
• Biological Hazard cause sickness, such
• Geologic Hazard as epidemic diseases
• Hydrometeorological Hazard caused by vial and
16 bacterial infection. 17

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 2

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Disaster and
Disaster Risks

Geologic Hazards Hydrometeorological Hazard

• Hazards that
involved phenomena
that are of
• Events that atmospheric,
originated in hydrological, or
solid ground oceanographic in
nature.
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Adaptive Capacity
Impacts of Disasters
Can be identified as direct, indirect, and intangible. Those positive
condition or
ASPECTS AFFECTED abilities which
Social increase a
Economic community’s
Environmental ability to deal with
hazards.

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THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

Response
DISASTER
Actions taken
PREPAREDNESS immediately
RESPONSE/RELIEF following the impact
of a disaster when
exceptional
MITIGATION REHABILITATION measures are
required to meet the
basic needs of the
PREVENTION survivors.
RECONSTRUCTION
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DEVELOPMENT

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 3

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Disaster and
Disaster Risks

Relief
Measures that are Recovery
required in search and
rescue of survivors, as The process
well to meet the basic undertaken by a
needs for shelter, disaster affected
water, food and health community to fully
care. restore itself to
pre-disaster level
of functioning.

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Rehabilitation Actions taken in the

aftermath of a
disaster to:
• assist victims to
repair their
dwellings;
• re-establish
essential services;
• revive key economic
and social activities
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Reconstruction Development
Permanent
measures to repair Sustained
or replace damaged efforts intended
dwellings and to improve or
infrastructure and to maintain the
set the economy social and
back on course. economic
well-being of a
community
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 4

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Disaster and
Disaster Risks

Prevention Mitigation
Measures taken to Measures taken prior
avert a disaster to the impact of a
from occurring, if disaster to minimize
its effects
possible (to
(sometimes referred
impede a hazard to as structural and
so that it does not non-structural
have any harmful measures).
effects). 32 33

Mitigation Prevention

Preparedness Measures taken

Measures taken
prior to the impact to avert a disaster
Measures taken in of a disaster to from occurring, if
anticipation of a disaster minimize its effects
to ensure that possible (to
(sometimes
appropriate and effective impede a hazard
referred to as
actions are taken in the structural and non- so that it does
aftermath. structural not have any
measures). harmful effects).

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Mitigation Preparedness

Measures taken Measures taken in

prior to the impact anticipation of a
of a disaster to disaster to ensure that
minimize its effects appropriate and
(sometimes effective actions are
referred to as taken in the aftermath.
structural and non-
structural
measures).

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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 5