FOREWORD

We thank God for the presence of Allah SWT who has given His mercy and grace to us, so
we as the compiler have successfully completed this simple paper.
Shalawat and greetings we deliver to the great lord of Prophet Muhammad and his family, his
best friend, and his followers until the end of time.
We compiled this paper with the title of the dangers of smoking. This paper describes the
various dangers of smoking and the effects of smoking on the part of the learner. The paper was
prepared in order to inform smokers, especially to students, that smoking is very harmful to
health.
We realize that there is no ivory that is not cracked. The paper that we compile is not spared
from the lack and far from perfection. Therefore, we as the authors really expect the criticism
and constructive suggestions from the readers.
Finally, hopefully this paper can be useful for the readers. Amin.

Makassar, February 24, 2018

The writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword…………………………………………………………………………………………1
Table of…………………………………………………………………………………………...2

Chapter I Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..3
1.1 Background…………………………………………………………………………………..3
1.2 Formulation of the problem…………………………………………………………………3
1.3 Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………….3

Chapter II Discussion……………………………………………………………………………4
2.1 Understanding cigarettes and smoking……………………………………………………..4
2.2 Chemicals Contained In Cigarettes…………………………………………………………4
2.3 Impact of Smoking…………………………………………………………………………...5
2.4 How To Stop Smoking And How To Avoid It………...……………………………………6
Chapter III closing……………………………………………………………………………….8
3.1 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………8
3.2 Closing………………………………………………………………………...………………8
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………...9

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 CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

1.1 BACKGROUND
Smoking habits in Indonesia is very alarming. At any time we can meet members of the
price, including students in public places. In fact, various studies and studies have shown that
very dangerous health. Not only the home of smokers, cigarette smoke is also very dangerous
inhaled by the people around him (passive smokers). This is the only way used for people who
have higher health than the smokers themselves. Diseases ranging from cough to lung lung due
to smokers, both active and passive smokers.
We recognize that information about existing hazards is very useful to be accessed by the
wider community, the students. This is what prompted us to write papers on this cigarette. We
hope, by knowing this information the students can abandon their intention to consume
cigarettes, or even quit smoking.
The basic ingredients of cigarettes are tobacco Tobacco consists of a variety of chemicals
that can make a person cheated, although in fact they do not want to try again.
Actually a student is not good or may be smoking in school, society or among others.
Because it can have a In big cities, especially Jakarta, the population of smokers at an early age
is very high. This is due to lack of education about the dangers of smoking among schools /
communities. Or perhaps the lack of awareness of themselves so that they do not notice the
danger and also in the future. Therefore, we as students will socialize about the dangers of
cigarettes and the consequences for the future through this paper bad impact on his health,
school, and others. Usually this is done by the students because of their unstable emotional
condition makes them do everything to vent their emotions.

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION

1. What is a Cigarette and Smoking?
2. What the Chemicals Contained In Cigarettes?
3. What the Impact of Smoking?
4. How to stop smoking and how to avoid it?

1.2 PURPOSE
1. To know the general explanation about Cigarette and Smoking
2. To know the chemicals contained in cigarettes
3. To know the impact of smoking
4. To know how to stop smoking and how to avoid it

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

2.1 SMOKING AND SMOKING DETERMINATION

2.1.1 cigarettes
cigarettes are rolls of tobacco wrapped in pink paper with a length of 8-10 cm which is
usually in one person's suction after being burned end.
2.1.2 smoking
smoking is the activity of a person who burns tobacco which is then sucked in its contents,
using both cigarettes and pipes.
2.2 CHEMICALS CONTAINED IN CIGARETTES
Each cigarette contains more than 4000 kinds of harmful chemicals for the body. Four
hundred of them can have toxic effects, while 40 of them can cause cancer. This is part of the
examples:
Nicotine
Nicotine is a substance that causes addiction (addiction) with a high tolerance, which is the
longer consumed increases. Addiction symptoms also occur in someone who starts quitting
smoking. Indeed, at first nicotine can stimulate the work of the brain, so the smoker becomes
intelligent. However, if this happens continuously, it will weaken the intelligence of the brain
itself. This is caused by nicotine that spur the production of adrenal hormones. This hormonal
production will cause faster heartbeat and stronger heart rate. The heart will need more oxygen
than usual. Automatically, the risk of coronary heart attack will be higher.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
This dangerous gas should only exist in vehicle exhaust. However, with the donation of
smokers, the gas that can also bind strongly with blood haemoglobin is becoming more abundant
in the air and inside the human body. In the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) that binds to
blood haemoglobin, the heart of a smoker who needs more oxygen gets less oxygen. This will
lead to increased risk of heart and lung disease, as well as respiratory disease. In addition to
shortness of breath, persistent cough, stamina and endurance of the smoker also gradually
decreases. The disturbance of the normal circulatory system, in the presence of carbon monoxide
gas in the blood, will also result in damage to blood vessels as a distributor of blood flow. There
will be fatty deposits so that the blood vessels will become blocked. This increases the risk of
heart attack or sudden death.
Tar
Tar is usually used to pave the highway. If present in the body through smoking cigarettes, then

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gradually and surely, will cause cancer. Some examples are benzoa pyrene, nitrosamine, B-
naphthylamine, and nickel.

DDT (Dikloro Difenyl Trichloroethane)

DDT is an insect poison, which is usually used to kill mosquitoes, ants, or cockroaches.
Acetone
Acetone is a substance used to disperse paint. Can be imagined the danger, if this substance
is in our body.
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde or more commonly known as formalin, is used to preserve corpses.
Cadmium
Cadmium is a chemical usually present in motor vehicle batteries.
Arsenic
Like DDT, arsenic is a chemical that is often used to eradicate disruptive insects. Usually
fleas or insects of his class will be effective when eradicated with this arsenic.
Ammonia
Ammonia is an active ingredient found in floor cleaners.
Polonium-210
This material is one of the radioactive substances, ie substances capable of removing active
radiation, which can cause changes in the structure and function of normal cells. Radioactive
materials can also cause cancer.
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide is a material used as a toxin in gaseous form.
Vinyl chloride
This substance is usually used as a raw material for making plastic.
m. Naphthalene
Like DDT and arsenic, these ingredients are present in insecticides.

2.3 IMPACT OF SMOKING

For yourself,
1. Smoking is more harm than good for the body

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2. Suggestion cause to ourselves, that if we do not smoke the mouth feels bad and sour3.
Curiosity, a passion for learning, and the many positive things that exist in us disappear when we
become a smoker

For others,
1. When we are smoking, our cigarette smoke can disturb others and also cause air pollution
2. Cause someone close to us to become a passive smoker
3. If throwing cigarette butts without carelessly beforehand, may cause a fire
4. Cause thinning it ozone layer

2.4 HOW TO STOP SMOKING AND HOW TO AVOID IT

In order to avoid smoking, we should instill a strong belief that smoking will never benefit
ourselves and others. We should get used to being assertive, to keep saying no to cigarettes. If we
have been able to apply, then our peers or groups can be used as cadres educators peer.

For smokers, especially teenagers, to quit smoking is not an impossible thing. When
teenagers leave the habit of smoking today, the body will be free from nicotine within 8 hours.
After one week the effects of the smoking habit will be lost. Over time, the body will repair the
damage caused by tobacco and other chemicals that are in cigarettes. Stopping smoking habit,
can still be done, among others by the following way.
Quit unexpectedly
There is no best way for smokers to quit smoking, because the effect on each smoker is different.
However, there is only one thing in common among former smokers who succeed, that is, they
all want to quit smoking. Mostly, smokers choose this way to break their habits. This method can
be selected as an alternative.
How to delay slowly
This method invites you to delay the first smoking cigarette so you can survive without smoking.
Or you can delay to light a cigarette in a few minutes, until you can survive completely every
time you want to smoke.
How to reduce
This is done by reducing the number of cigarettes that you smoke every smoker. Within a day,
every time you smoke, you can reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke, from a single stalk,
two cigarettes, to half of your daily cigarettes, or even reduce it completely.
Not following the habit of smokers

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In general, smoking is synonymous with drinking coffee or liquor. When a person consumes
coffee or an alcoholic drink, it is usually equipped with a pack or a pack of cigarettes. By
reducing or not consuming excessive coffee or alcohol, the desire to smoke can be reduced.
Nicotine replacement therapy
This therapy utilizes patches or patches of nicotine that can penetrate the skin into the body and
can reduce the effects of addiction (addiction) due to smoking. This can be done without you
having to stop suddenly. It also helps you to cope with smoking and psychological dependence.
Consult your doctor for more information.
Activity redirection
Typically, teens start smoking because there is time left. At that time can be done other activities,
which is certainly more positive, to avoid smoking. For smokers who want to quit, this
alternative can also be taken every time you want to smoke. For example, doing activities that
you enjoy, from sports, recreation with friends, reading magazines or favorite comics, playing or
listening to music, following youth organization activities, such as OSIS in schools, student
organizations on campus, to do the task with the group's friends learn.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 CONCLUSION
Smoking habits among teenagers is very dangerous both in terms of education and health and
socio-economic. In terms of education it is clear that this will disrupt the lesson, while in terms
of health due to smoking habits will cause various diseases (heart attack disease, respiratory
problems and so on). From an economic point of view it is an unnecessary budget expenditure or
a waste of money.
Parents and school teachers to be more strict in taking positive action in terms of tackling
juvenile delinquency including smoking among adolescents. Teens should actively attend
lectures on the dangers of smoking.

4.2 CLOSING
So this simple paper. We hope that this paper can be useful for its readers so as to avoid
cigarettes and lead a healthier life and not harm the health of those around them.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://ranidwi68.wordpress.com/2013/01/09/pengertian-merokok-dan-akibatnya/
https://catatantugassekolah.blogspot.co.id/2013/04/makalah-bahaya-merokok.html

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