INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY SUPERIOR OF MISANTLA

SUBJECT
ELECTRIC MACHINERY

ASSESSOR
ING. ROBERTO CARLOS CABRERA JIMENEZ

UNITY No. 5
MOTORS AND GENERATORS DC
TOPIC:
PRACTICE OF CD MOTORS

PERIODO: AUGUST17-JANUARY18
ELECTROMECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTRE: FIFTH GROUP: “B”

STUDENTS:
IGLESIAS CAMPOS SANDRA LARISSA
LOYOS GARCIA ITZY YETZALY

MISANTLA, VER., DECEMBER 4, 2017

INTRODUCTION
In the practice of the motors we learned to connect the motors in a way that they

were synchronized for a better functioning.

DC machines are generators the convert mechanical energy to DC electric energy

and motors that convert DC electric energy to mechanical energy. Most DC

machines are like AC machines in that they have AC voltages and currents within

them-DC machines have DC output only because a mechanism exists that converts

the internal AC voltages to DC voltages at their terminals. Since this mechanism is

called a commutator, DC machinery is also known as commutating machinery.

The fundamental principles involved in the operation of DC machines are very

simple. Unfortunately, they are usually somewhat obscured by the complicated

construction of real machines. This practice understand the principles of machine

operation by using blender motors and some bulbs.

DEVELOPMENT

In current practice, it demonstrates the way in which a generator works, coupled to

an engine to function as the mechanical source that gives impulse and at the same

time the motor must act as generator of an electric current.

REQUIRED MATERIAL:

 4 sockets

 4 light bulbs

 2 blender motors

 Cabling

Once the motors are connected, we proceed to take data of the voltage in the circuit

by means of a multimeter and with the help of a computer with the excel program we

take into account the ranges to which we are going to put to work the engines, which

are shown in the following table.

corriente de campo voltage generado

X
0 8.35
0.1 16.89
0.2 28.25
0.3 34.51
0.4 45.7
0.5 58.1
0.6 64.4
0.7 72.7
0.8 79.6
0.9 85.4
1 90.7
1.1 93.7
1.2 96.5
 1.3 98.6
1.4 100
1.5 100.9
1.6 103
1.7 103.5
1.8 104.8
1.9 105.7
2 107.1
2.1 107.6
2.2 108.4
2.3 109.1
2.4 109.8
2.5 110.5
2.6 111.1
2.7 111.7
2.8 112
2.9 112.1
3 113

With this obtained data, the voltage obtained is plotted with respect to the current

supplied.
 voltaje respecto a la corriente
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3

All these values were taken without any load, then the value of the current in which
it had the lowest voltage variation is selected.

Once selected a field current 1.8 where the voltages do not vary much, that current

is applied and readings of the speeds are made with respect to the current.

velocidades V
1 100.2
2 105.2
3 79.6
4 100.8
5 105.7
When we selected the field current we operated the engine in its five speeds igniting one,

two and three bulbs at those speeds.

1 foco 2 focos 3 focos

velocidades V velocidades V velocidad v
1 90.4 1 76.7 1 68.4
2 95.3 2 81.3 2 72.8
3 69.6 3 57.2 3 49.1
4 90.6 4 76.8 4 68.1
5 95 5 81.6 5 72.4ss
CONCLUSION

In this practice that was developed, it was learned to connect two blender motors so that

one works as an engine and the other functions as an energy generator. At the same time

some lights were connected to see the development of these engines.

At the same time they were taking the data, they were saved in an excel sheet to make a

graph which will help us know if the engine works well.