Chapter 1

Graphs
1.4 Scatter Diagrams; Linear Curve Fitting
1. scatter diagram 3. Linear, m > 0

5. Linear, m < 0 7. Nonlinear

9. (a), (c) (d) Using the LINear REGresssion

program, the line of best fit is:
y = 2.0357x − 2.3571
(e)
20

0 10
0
(b) Answers will vary. We select (3,4) and (9,16). The slope of the line containing these
16 − 4 12
points is: m = = = 2.
9−3 6
The equation of the line is:
y − y1 = m(x − x1 )
y − 4 = 2( x − 3)
y − 4 = 2x − 6
y = 2x − 2

11. (a), (c) (d) Using the LINear REGresssion

program, the line of best fit is:
y = 2.2 x + 1. 2
(e)
6

–3 3

–6

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 Section 1.4 Scatter Diagrams; Linear Curve Fitting
(b) Answers will vary. We select (–2,–4) and (2,5). The slope of the line containing
5 − (− 4) 9
these points is: m = = .
2 − (−2) 4
The equation of the line is:
y − y1 = m( x − x1)
9
y − (−4) = (x − (−2))
4
9 9
y+4= x+
4 2
9 1
y= x+
4 2

13. (a), (c) (d) Using the LINear REGresssion

program, the line of best fit is:
y = 3.8613 x +180 .2920
(e)
160

–25 0
90
(b) Answers will vary. We select (–20,100) and (–10,140). The slope of the line
140 −100 40
containing these points is: m = = = 4.
−10 − (−20) 10
The equation of the line is:
y − y1 = m( x − x1)
y −100 = 4 (x − (−20) )
y −100 = 4 x + 80
y = 4 x +180

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Chapter 1 Graphs
15. (a) (b) Using points (20,16) and (50,39) ,
39 −16 23
slope = = .
50 − 20 30
The point-slope formula yields
23
C −16 = (I − 20)
30
23 460
C= I− +16
30 30
C ≈ 0.77I + 0.67
(c) As disposable income increases by
$1000, personal consumption
expenditure increases by about $770.
(d) C = 0.77(42) + 0.67 = $33.01
A family with disposable income of
$42,000 has personal consumption
expenditure of about $33,010.
(e) C = 0.7549I + 0. 6266

17. (a) (Data used in graphs is in (b) L = 2. 9814I − 0. 0761

thousands.) (c)
220 220

0 80
30
(d) As annual income increases by
$1000, the loan amount increases
by about $2981.40.
0 80
30
(e) L = 2.9814(42) − 0.0761 ≈125 .143
An individual with an annual income of
$42,000 would qualify for a loan of
about $125,143.

19. (a) 70 (b) T = 0. 0782h + 59. 0909

(c)
70

–10 110
55

–10 110
55
(d) As relative humidity increases (e) T = 0. 0782(75) + 59. 0909 ≈ 64.96
by 1%, the apparent temperature A relative humidity of 75% would
increases by 0.0782 o. give an apparent temperature of 65 o.

30