Page 1 of 12 Subject Code: 07CS401/ 07IT401

KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
COIMBATORE-32
(Applicable to the students admitted from the academic year 2007-2008 and onwards)
Degree: B.E / B.Tech / Branch: Common to CSE & IT
Semester: IV / Year: II
07CS401/ 07IT401: DISCRETE MATHEMATICS

Part-A
(Online Question)
UNIT I: Propositional Calculus

1 Choose the correct answer for the truth values,

(i) If 1+1 =2 then 2+2 = 5
(ii) If 1+1 =3 then 2+2 =4
(iii) If 1+1 =3 the 2+2 =5
(iv) If monkeys can fly then 1+1 =3

a) (i) is false and (ii), (iii), (iv) are true

b) (i) , (ii) are false and (iii), (iv) are true
c) (i) , (iii) are false and (ii), (iv) are true
d) (i) (ii), (iii), (iv) are true Ans: (a)

2. Which one of the following is not a proposition?

a) Calcutta is the capital of India
b) x+y = y+x for every pair of real numbers x and y.
c) 1 + 2 = 3 in decimal system
d) What is it? Ans: (d)

3. Which one of the following is not the symbol of negation of p?

a) ~p
b) p’
c) pc
d) ^p Ans: (d)

4 Compound proposition is also called as

a) Primary proposition
b) Primitive proposition
c) Connective
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d) Molecular statements

Ans: (d)

5. The symbols that are used to form a compound proposition are called
a) Composites
b) Moleculars
c) Connectives
d) Mixterms Ans: (c)

6. For n propositions the total number of rows in truth table will be

a) 2n
b) 3n
c) 2n-1
d) 3n-1 Ans: (a)

7. ~  ~ p ~ q  
a)  ~ p  ~ q 
b)  p  q 
c)  p  q 
d) All the above Ans: (c)

8. XOR is denoted by
a) p  q
b) p  q
c) p  q
d) p  q Ans: (b)

9.  p  q    q  p  is equal to
a) p  q
b) p  q
c) p  q
d) p  q Ans: (d)

10.  p  q    p  q  is equivalent to
a) p  q
b) p  q
c) p  q
d)  p  ~ q  Ans:(a)

11. The negation of contradiction is

a) Argument
b) Biconditional
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c) Tautology
d) Contigency Ans:(c)

12  p  q   ~  p  q  is a
a) Tautology
b) Contradiction
c) Neither Contradiction nor tautology
d) Contigency Ans:(b)

13 In Theory of Inference, the rule CP is also called as

a) Roster Theorem
b) Deduction Theorem
c) Conditional Theorem
d) Biconditional Theorem Ans: (b)

14 Determine the type of the logical statement: “Coffee or tea comes

With dinner”
a) Inclusive or
b) Exclusive or
c) Biconditional
d) Conditional Ans:(b)

15 .The contrapositive of p  q is
a) ~ q ~ p
b) p ~ q
c) ~ p  q
d) q  p Ans:(a)

16. Which one of the following is the converse statement for the sentence “It
is raining, the grass is wet”.
a) If it is not raining then the grasses are not wet.
b) If the grasses are wet then it is raining.
c) It is raining but the grasses are not wet.
d) It is not raining but the grasses are wet. Ans: (b)

17. If p denotes “It rains” and q denotes “Atmosphere humidity increases”

then which one of the following is the symbolic form of the sentence
“Atmosphere humidity increases only if it rains”.
a) p  q
b) q  p
c) p ~ q
d) q ~ p Ans:( b)

18. p ~  p  q  is a
a) Contradiction
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b) Valid statement
c) Invalid statement
d) Tautology Ans:(d)

19. For a valid argument each critical row must contain

a) True conclusion
b) False conclusion
c) Contigency
d) Contradiction Ans: (a)

20. The argument is invalid if

a) All the conclusions are false.
b) Atleast one conclusion is false.
c) All the conclusions are true.
d) Atleast one conclusion is true. Ans:(b)

21. The tautological form of Modus ponens is

a) p  p  q
b) p  q  p
c) [( p  q ) ~ q ]  p
d) [( p  q )  p ]  q Ans: (d)

22. The tautological form of Modus tollens is

a) [( p  q ) ~ q ] ~ p
b) [( p  q )  p ]  q
c) p  q  p
d) p  p  q Ans: (a)

23. ( p  q ) ~ p  q is called as
a) Destructive dilemma
b) Disjunction dilemma
c) Constructive dilemma
d) Modus ponens Ans:( b)

24. The tautological form of Chain rule is

a) [( p  q ) ~ q ] ~ p
b) [( p  q )  p ]  q
c)  p  q    q  r    p  r 
d) [( p  q) p]  q Ans:(c)

25. p  p  p is called as
a) Idempotent law
b) Modus tollens
c) Simplification
d) Constructive dilemma Ans:(a)
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26 . p   p  q   p is called as
a) Modus ponens
b) Absorption law
c) Destructive dilemma
d) Constructive dilemma Ans:(b)

27. The tautological form of Absorption is

a) p  p  q
b) p  q  p
c)   p  q    q  r     p  r 
d) p   p  q   p Ans:(d)

28. Which one of the following is the “if …then” form of the sentence “Vertical
angles are equal”.
a) If two angles are equal then they are vertical
b) If vertical angles are equal then it is a triangle
c) If it is a triangle then vertical angles are equal
d) If two angles are vertical then they are equal Ans:(d)

29. The negation of the statement p  q is

a) ~ p ~ q
b) p  ~ q
c) ~ p  q
d) ~ q ~ p Ans:(b)

30. Which one of the following is the negation of the statement “If he studies, he
will pass the exam”.
a) He studies and he will not pass the exam
b) He studies and will pass the exam
c) If he does not study he will not pass the exam
d) If he does not study he will pass the exam Ans:(a)

31. Which one of the following is the inverse of p  q

a) q  p
b) ~ p ~ q
c) ~ q ~ p
d)  p  q Ans:(b)

32. Which one of the following is the converse of ~ q ~ p

a) p  q
b) q  p
c) ~ p ~ q
d) ~ q  p Ans:(c)
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33. Which one of the following is the negation of p  q

a) p ~ q
b) ~ q  p
c) ~ p  q
d) ~ p  ~ q Ans:(d)

34. Which one of the following is addition rule?

a) p  p  q
b) p  q  q
c) p  q  p
d) q  p  q Ans:(a)

35. Which one of the following is tautological form of the simplification rule?
a) q  ( p  q )
b) ( p  q)  p
c) ( p  q )  q
d) p  ( p  q ) Ans:(b)

36. If p: Anil is rich and q: Arun is poor, then which one of the following is the
symbolic form of the statement “Either anil is poor or arun is poor”.
a) p  ~ q
b) p  ~ q
c) ~ p  q
d) ~ p  q Ans: (c)

37. If p: Anil is rich and q: Arun is poor, then which one of the following is the
symbolic form of the statement “Either anil or arun is rich”.
a) ~ p  q
b) ~ p  q
c) p  ~ q
d) p  ~ q Ans:(d)

38. The Indirect proof is known as

a) Proof by contradiction
b) Proof by reduction
c) Proof by Implication
d) None of these Ans:(a)

39. Which one of the following is the symbolic form of the statement “If it is cold,
then he wears coat but no sweater”
a) p   q ~ r 
b) p   ~ q  r 
c) p ~  q  r 
d) p   q  ~ r  Ans:(d)
Page 7 of 12 Subject Code: 07CS401/ 07IT401

40. P   Q  R  
a) P   ~ Q  R 
b) P   ~ Q  R 
c) ~ P   Q  R 
d) ~ P   Q  R  Ans:(a)

41. The dual of  ( P  Q)  ( P   ( Q S)) is

a) ( P   Q)  ( P  ( Q S))
b)  (P  Q)  ( P   ( Q  S))
c) ( P   Q)  ( P  ( Q S))
d)  (P  Q)  ( P   ( Q  S)) Ans:(b)

42. An equivalent formula for P (Q  R)  (R  P) which does not

contain the biconditional is
a)P ((QR)  (RQ))  ((RP)  (PR))
b) P (QR)  (RQ)
c) P ((QR)  (RQ)  ((RP)  (PR)
d) P ((QR)  (RQ) Ans:(a)

43. An equivalent formula for P (QR) which does not contain neither the
biconditional nor the conditional is
a) P (QR)  (RQ)
b) P (QR)  (RQ)
c) P (QR)  (RQ)
d) P (QR)  (RP) Ans:(b)

44. Determine the symbolic form of the statement “ The apple trees will
Bloom if it stays warm for a week”
P: the apple trees will bloom, Q: Apple tree stays warm for a week
a) PQ
b) QP
c) PQ
d) P  Q Ans:(b)

45. P Q, P Q,  P Q, P Q are called

a) maxterms
b) minterms
c) positive term
d) negative terms Ans:(b)
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46. P Q, P  Q,  P Q, P Q are called

a) maxterms
b) minterms
c) positive term
d) negative term Ans:(a)

47. In P  Q , P is called
a) consequent
b) tautology
c) antecedent
d) contingency Ans:(c)

48. In P  Q , Q is called
a) consequent
b) tautology
c) antecedent
d) contingency Ans:(a)

49. The disjunctive normal form of P  ( P  Q ) is

a) ( P ~ P)  ( P  Q)
b) ( P  ~ P)  ( P  Q)
c) ( P ~ P)  ( P  Q)
d) ( P  ~ P)  ( P  Q) Ans:
(b)

50. Rule CP is also called as

a) Euler’s theorem
b) Reduction theorem
c) Deduction theorem
d) Indirect proof Ans:(c)

51. Which of the following is contra positive if the statement

“ If it snows today, I will skid tomorrow”
a) I will skid tomorrow only if it snows today
b) If I do not skid tomorrow, then it will not have snowed today
c) If I do not skid today, then it will not have snowed tomorrow
d) The statement itself Ans:(b)

52. The symbolic form of “ Either Arun is playing snow ball or

He is listening to Music” is
a) PQ
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b) PQ
c) PQ
d) PQ Ans:(a)

53. The conjuctive normal form of (P (QR)  (( PR) Q)

a) (PQ)  (PR)  (PQ)  (RQ)
b) (PQ)  (PR)  (PQ)  (RQ)
c) (PQ)  (PR)  (PQ)  (RQ)
d) (PQ)  (PR)  (PQ)  (RQ) Ans:(a)

54. For a direct proof, the last step must be a

a) Contradiction
b) Contingency
c) Conclusion
d) Tautology Ans:(c)

55. For an indirect proof, the last step must be a

a) Tautology
b) Contingency
c) Conclusion
d) Contradiction Ans:(d)

56. For a given formula, an equivalent formula consisting of disjunction of

Minterms only is known as
a) PDNF
b) DPNF
c) PCNF
d) CPNF Ans:(a)

57. For a given formula, an equivalent formula consisting of conjunction of

Maxterms only is known as
a) PDNF
b) DPNF
c) PCNF
d) CPNF Ans:(c)

58. If Pand Q are two statements the P  Q 

a)  (PQ)
b)  (PQ)
c)  (P Q)
d) P  Q Ans:b
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59. If Pand Q are two statements the P  Q 

a)  (PQ)
b)  (PQ)
c)  (P Q)
d) P  Q Ans:(a)

60. The symbolic form of the statement “The Sun is shining if

It is not raining” is
a) P Q
b) PQ
c) P→ Q
d) PQ Ans:(c)

61. The symbolic form of the statement “If either Jerry takes Calculus or Ken
takes Sociology then Larry will take English”
a) J  K
b) J  K
c) L   J  K 
d)  J  K   L Ans:(d )
62. If P and Q are two statements, then P   Q  P  
a) PQ
b) P   P  Q 
c) QP
d) PQ Ans:(b )

63. P  P  P is called as
a) Identity law
b) Associative law
c) Idempotent law
d) Absorption law Ans:(c )

64. The dual of  P  Q   R is

a)  P  Q  R
b) PQ
c)  P  Q   R
d)  P  Q  R Ans:(a)

65. If P and Q are two statements then P implies

a) P
b) P  Q
c) PQ
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d) Q Ans:(b)

66. if P, Q and R are three given statements then  P  Q    P  R    Q  R  

a) R
b) P  R
c) Q  R
d)  P  Q    P  R    Q  R  Ans:(a)

67. A formula which is equivalent to a given formula and which consists of a

product of elementary sums is called ___________ of the given formula
a) PDNF
b) PCNF
c) DNF
d) CNF Ans:(d )

68. A formula which is equivalent to a given formula and which consists of a

sum of elementary products is called ___________ of the given formula
a) PDNF
b) PCNF
c) DNF
d) CNF Ans:(c )

69. PDNF is also called as __________

a) Product sum of canonical form
b) Sum of product of canonical form
c) Product of canonical form
d) Sum of canonical form Ans:(b)

70. PCNF is also called as __________

a) Product sum of canonical form
b) Sum of product of canonical form
c) Product of canonical form
d) Sum of canonical form Ans:(a)

71. The PDNF of P  Q

a)  P  Q    P  Q    P  Q 
b)  P  Q     P  Q    P   Q 
c)  P  Q    P  Q 
d)  P  Q    P  Q  Ans:(a)
Page 12 of 12 Subject Code: 07CS401/ 07IT401

A. Poongothai HOD
Lecturer/ Maths S&H