Nuclear Physics Applications

in industry, medicine, and liberal arts

Energy Sources
Nuclear Forensics
Homeland Security
Imaging and Diagnostics
Radiation Treatment
M t i lS
Material Science
i
Art and Archaeology
 Ph i A
Physics li ti
Applications
Energy Nuclear Forensics
ADS & Transmutation Homeland Security
Fusion confinement Risk Assessments
Nuclear Waste Nuclear Trafficking
Energy Storage Proliferation

Life Science Material Analysis

Medical Diagnostics Nanotechnology
Medical Therapy Ion Implantation
Radiobiology Material Structure
Biomedical tracers Geology & Climate
Environment
Art & Archaeology
Nuclear Defense Computation
Weapon Analysis
Monte Carlo Simulation
Functionality
Network Simulation
Long-Term Storage
Software Development
Quantum computing
 Nuclear Energy Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS)
for operating sub-critical reactors
From nuclear power
p plants
p

1GeV accelerator
p
development ((~10 15 n/s))

ADS for nuclear waste management

to nuclear pace
p makers
Beam optics &
irradiation system
development
Incineration strategies
 F i R
Fusion Reactors
t f
for the
th FFuture
t
The Tokomak approach ITER The laser approach NIF

Magnet field confined plasma fusion Laser ignition fusion

From NIF to LIFE
National Ignition Facility at LLNL
To Laser Induced Fusion Energy

Driven by terrorism threat &
homeland security issues
Nuclear Forensics
Trafficking of nuclear materials &
material loss assessments
Border control & radiation
exposure (instrumentation)
Provenance of radioactive
material by isotope composition
or material structure analysis
Signature
g identification,
Detector array development
Sensitivity analysis
 Airportt security
Ai it - neutron
t activation
ti ti
techniques for plastic explosive search

14N+n (thermal) ⇒ 15N* ⇒ 15N+γ (10.8 MeV)

7 + 7 +
7 8

10.8 MeV

14N(n,γ)15N
prompt reaction
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?
Napoleon himself suspected to
become a British victim.
Chemical analysis of his hair
indicated enhanced Arsenic
(As) levels which seemed to
confirm the murder theory! But!

75As(n,γ)76As; T1/2 = 26.4 h

75As is the only stable isotope of As
 N l
Nuclear Imaging
Im in

Blood flow with radiopharmaceuticals Imaging software and analysis

Gamma Camera
SPEC & PEP
Isotopes & Isomers
Parmaceuticals

Tumor mapping & visualization by

radioactive isotope accumulation. Imaging system development
 Brachytherapy
Gamma therapy
Neutron therapy
Heavy ion therapy

Radiation Treatment
 Material Sciences

Radiation hardening for outer space

Applications from electronics to sails

Ion implantation into silicon chips for generating

micro electronics elements.
Isotope analysis in forensics & biology
Isotope studies for provenance, eating habits

tooth enamel is formed in

n of C4 plantt consumption in %
early childhood ⇒ origin
dentin & bone changes
with time ⇒ death

Weighted Annual δ13C

fraction
BC time [y] AD
King of Stonehenge, a German immigrant?

The Daily Express

expressed the
opinion. "This is as
shocking
h ki as th the
discovery that the
first cricket players
wore leather pants
and ate Bratwurst
with their tea."
δ18O ≈ -9 to -10
D ti reall and
Dating d false
f l mummies
i
 Tracking
Illegal
ll l Ivory Trade
d
™Increasing slaughter of
elephants since 1970 with
increased use of
automatic weapons.

™Ivory trade ban in 1989

to protect elephants from
becoming extinct

™Growth in poaching and

smuggle leading to a
decline as high as 90% in
certain areas
 By using
the
h Bomb
B b Peak
P k
But how to determine the age of
ivory carved artifacts on the
market,, to determine if it was
illegally obtained and smuggled?
abe
 Nuclear Physics Employment

51% US
80% Male
~5.7 years

Employment of nuclear science

students 5
students, 5-10
10 years after Ph
Ph.D.
D award

~49% temporary
visa holders