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SUGGESTED ANSWERS AND MARKING SCHEME

JOHOR STPM PHYSICS TRIAL EXAMINATION 2009
PAPER 2

SECTION A
Question Suggested Answer Marks
Number
1. (0) The Principle of Conservation of Linear Momentum states that the total
linear momentum of a system is constant ( or conserved) if there is no
external force acting on the system. 1

(b)(i) conservation of linear momentum

2,Ox 10" x 500 = 1.0 (v) + 2.0x 10" x 100 1
,
v= 0.80 m 5 . 1 1

(b)(ii) Loss in K.E wooden block=work done against constant or average

frictional force
1
.!.(1.0)(0.8) ' = FR(0.20)
2
1
=> FR = 1.6 N
2, (0) image is real 1

(b) v =0.25(20) =5.0 em 1

1 1 1 1 1
-=-+- = - + -
J U v 20 5.0 1
J=4.0cm

1 1 1
- = (n - 1)(-+- ) 1
/ T. T2

I 2 1
- = (1.65 - 1)-
4.0 r
r l = T2 = 5.2cm
1

3. (o)(i) 1 1
f= - = -- =25Hz 1
T 0.04 50 fi
(ii) angular frequency : w =2m = 157=160 rads" 1

amp I·Itude , "0-- -G,, = ( 50)2 = 20

. x 10-' m 1
IV 157

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(b) x (x10·"
2.0....1\ _...1\.... 1\ . . . . . .
U °V O~~ Us
0.12
·2.0 ........ ...... .... .............................................................. .......................... .
2

4. (a) Brittle 1
show no plastic deformation before it breaks 1
(b) E= FL 1
xA
60xO.24 1
= -....:..:.,:.:...:..::'-'-""""
3x10·4 x8x10 7
=6.0xI0 IO Nm· 2 1
5. (a) A multiplier is a resistor of very high resistance connected in series to a 1
galvanomet~r .

(b) The function of the multiplier is to reduce the incoming current down to
the maxirnu"m current that can be carried by the galvanometer.
1
OR
The function of the multiplier is to convert the galvanometer into a
voltmeter.

(c)

Irsd
i---{

J=I ftd =
• V = 3.0 = 0.02
V=3.0V

r+Rm 30+Rm

30 + R. = 3.0 = 150 => R. = 1200

0.02 2
The multiplier is connected in series to the galvanometer. 1

6. (a) to reduce the distortion of the output 1

or to reduce the gain

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(b)(i) Rf 60 1
Gain 1 A = I + -=I+ - =1+3=4
R, 20

(ii) Output, V, = AVm = 4(3 .0) = +12.0V = +9.0V(saturation) 1

'...'-:. 1( ..)0'" ,_.....' :.

. ........
12
.. ..
' .
, ..-
""'-5 / '. ,.
./ \~ .""11".
:.:r / --".,- '- "'-"~'" . /
,)

-;:...
\
-
..:.:........ .. . .. -. -"' .
.: Til'n

."" ,
-,~.

-,;> ", ,
, .
./ 2
-12

7. (a) There is change in magnetic flux-linkage 1

(b) E = BIv 1
=6.0 X 10-5 X 20 X 103 X 7 X 103
=8.4 x 10'V 1
(e) direction of generated e.m.f is from"space shuttle to satellite. 1

8, (a) Combination of 2 lighter (or smaller) nuclei at very high temperature to 1

produce a heavier (or bigger) nucleus accompanied with the release of
a lot of energy.

(b)(i) , ,
J3C+ lH-+14X , 1

,
14X is ,
J4N
1

(ii) MI = (13.003355 + 1.007825)u - 14.003074u

Mass defect,
MI=8. 106 x lO"u 1
Energy released, Q = 8. 106 x 10-' x 931 = 7,55 Me V 1

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SECTION B
9. (a) Centripetal force ::: force that causes a body to move in a ci rcle , and its
direction is always towards the centre of the circle . 1

(b) The statement is false . 1

If the two forces balance each other', the resultant force;:: O. According
to Newton's first law of motion , the body will move in a straight line with
constant velocity. That is the body will not perform circular motion. 1

(e) R

ill
mg

Resultant force towards the centreof circle ;:: mg - R 1

mv'
Hence mg - R;:: - -
r
1
For maximum v, R::: 0

v::lrg ;F81 ~~s -' ,9 "I ",,-' 1

(d)(i) Newton's Law of gravitation states that the force between two masses
is directly proportional to the product of the masses, and is inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them . 1

( ii)
The gravitational force of attraction is F= G Mm 1
r'

(e)(i)
F; G Mm . ,. GM = gR2; r = 2R
r

F; gR' X
150 1
4R'
;
9.81x150
4
1
; 368 N

(ii) F = mr a/ 1

368 ; 150 x 2 x 6.38 x 10' ",'

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Period T = 2"
(iJ
= 1.435 x 10' s.
1

(iii) 1 1 J 1 1
K.E~ - mv ~-m(r (iJ)
2 2
K.E ~ ~(150)(2 x 6.3 8 x 10')' (4.38 x 10-')' ~ 2.3 4 x 10' J 1
2

10,(0) Heat and electric conduction in metals are both caused by the many
free electrons that moves with high mobility. 1

There are no free electrons in thermal and electric insulators . 1

Thus thermal and electric insulators are poor conductors . 1

(b)(i) Steady state is' achieved when the temperatures at all points along the
metal rod are stable and not changing. 1
II'
we' Temperature gradient is the difference in temperature-per unit length
along a conductor. c~, J,..uJ 1
L iI) I tlx .
(iii) Qll t~l dC/ , kA.1&
Current, f ( -~ r -pAl )" ~ '\' . o(;t ..L
~
K
1
v l ' -Cl. pA ~
where: 1 is the current in the tlowinlln the conductor,
p is the resisti vity of the material conductor,

V is the potential gradient along the conductor. 1

I
(c)(i) rate of heat flo w in P=rate of heat flow in Q V, . 111.. ;., 1

=> 4kA(8-0) =kA(100-8)

V, l(q;i
, I " I 1
t
v '-
) p-.,
1

-1'& : IDO - f-

, b
t I; .

t :0 •L

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TemoeaturefC

100
----- ------- -- ---- 1-------- --- ------ -
3

25 ....•,
,
,
.
O~~------~----------r_-+ length
21
p Q

11 .(a) Supposition of 2 identical waves travelling in opposite direction. 1

Amplitude of both waves are the same or almost the same 1
(b)(i)
Compare to stationary wave equation y = A sin OJ' kos 2m
,l
1
'" = 2nf = 250
250
f = - - = 39.8 = 40Hz 1
2"
(ii)
2" = 50
,l . 1

,l = -
2" = O.13m = 13.0em
50
distance between 2 neighbouring nodes:;:: A. = !2 = 6.5cm 1
2 2
(iii) speed of wave . v=jA=(40)(0.13)=5.2ms- 1 ~ X "1\ "",,- 1
~(o .;v
(c)(i) Interference is the superposition of two coherent waves to produce 1
points of maximum and minimum amplitudefintensrty.

( il) Two conditions for well·defined interference are:

-both waves are coherent and same or almost the same amplitude . 2

(d)(i) Interference at G is constructive interference. 1

Intererence at H is destructive interference. 1

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(ii) At H, is first minimum where m=1 1

(m - )I,)DA (1- )1,)(1.50)(600 x W ' )

1
y= d = 1.0 x 10- 3

'1

12.(a) a) The stationary negative charged particle will move in the direction of
the gravitational field. 0 e 1
J "'1
The stationary negative charged particle will move oPPosite in direction
to an electric field and will not move in a magnetic field. 1

(b) Upward electric force =downward gravitational force

eE = mg 1

\
1

(e) (i) charge on Ne ion =+1 .6 x 10.19 C 1

(ii) _ . M 20 x 10-3 26
mass of Ne lon, m =_ r= 23 3.3x IO - kg 2
N, 6.02x 10

(d)(i)

Path ofNe+ ions

OR
E

Path of Ne+ ions 2

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(ii) 1 ,
-my = eV 1
2

V=~2ev =,12(1.6 X I0-" )(1400) =2.2x l0' ms -' 1

m V 9.1 x lO-31 '

(iii) electric force = magnetic force

eE =Bev 1

8=£=6.2 x l 0' =2.8 x l 0-' T 1

v 2.2xl0'

(e)(i) Charge doubled, speed v increased by J2 times. 1

(ii) Magnetic force> electric force, ions deflected from original path. 1

13.(0)(1) The de Broglie's relationship gives the value of the wavelength )_

h
related to a particle of linear momentum p in the equation A. = -
p 1
where h is the Planck constant

(ii) The wave-particle duality refers to the wave nature of a particle under
certain specific conditions and the converse is also true 1

(b)
.!. mY' = 50 ( 1.60 x. W " )
2
mv = ~2x50(1. 60xlO -")m 1

h
de Broglie wavelength A. =
mv
6.63xl 0-" 1
= 1.74 X 10.10 m ; me =9.11 x 10.31 kg
mv

(e) Continuous spectrum is produced when fast electrons from the cathode
are decelerated on collision with the target . The decrease in energy of
the decelerated electrons is radiated as photons in the continuous
spectrum . 2

Characteristic X-ray is produced when a vacancy in the inner shell

(e.g . K-shell) of the target atom is filled by an electron from a higher
shell .
The difference in energ y of the electron is radiated as a characteristic 2
X-ray photon.

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(d)
/
Intensity
line spectrum

continuous spectrum

wavelength

(e) When an electron collides with a target atom , the electron will
decelerate 1
and is stopped. The loss of aU the kinetic energy E of the electron in a

single collision with the atom means that the X- ra y emitted has
\ 1
.
maxImum h
paton energy 0f -he-
A""
(f) he
eV= - - 1
..t,Nn

A. = he
1
lIua 20xlO J x1.60xlO-'9
= 6.22 x 10"'m 1

14. (a) Half-life : the time taken for the number of radioactive atoms in a
sample to decay to half of its initial number. 1

dN

decay constant =
dl
1
N

(b)(I) ~: Ra -----+ 2~ Rn + ; He 1

(ii) Mass defect /:, m = 226.025402u - (222 .017570 + 4 .002603)u

= 0.005229 u 1
Total K.E = 0.005229 x 931 1

= 4 .88 MeV 1

(c)(I) 4
l
a + 9S
• e --.to 12 C
•
+ IX
0
2

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(ii) alpha particle ; nucleus of helium 1

~x : Neutron 1

(iii) neutron is not charged and does ~ot cause ionization 2

(d) mv'
~- = 8qv 1
r
m = Bq r
v 1
Assumption: Ions of the element and ions of C-12 have the same

charge , then m IX: r

Hence mass number A 0:: r
A = 26.2 x 12 = 14
, 22.4
)
The element is nitrogen, N 1

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