What are the

Different
Classifications
of ADHD?

Sona Treasa Binny

ISM Fall Semester 2018
Mrs. Click
 DISCLAIMER!
– Some of the information used in this presentation were
gathered from various outside sources. ☺
My Mentor and
Mentorship Site:
❖ Mentor: Dr. Stacey Mathew Abraham, M.D
❖ Mentor’s Profession: Pediatrician
❖ Mentorship Site: UTMB Children’s clinic of
Clear Lake
Project:
UNDERSTANDING
ADHD
 My project topic for this semester is based on the
different types of ADHD, and how a patient can be
diagnosed and treated in each case.

 I chose this topic because I know someone who is

affected by ADHD from childhood, and I was also able
to meet several patients at the clinic who suffered from
acute to severe ADHD, which peaked my interest
toward the subject.
What is ADHD?
 A chronic disorder that causes hyperactivity, impulsive actions,
distraction etc.

 It’s very common. There are more than 3 million cases of

ADHD reported in the United States per year.

 ADHD often begins in childhood and can last till adulthood.

 Key Points

TYPES OF DIAGNOSING MANAGING ADHD AND

MEDICINES
ADHD ADHD TIPS ADDICTION
 Types of ADHD
❖ 3 types of ADHD include:

 Inattentive: Inability to focus on a single task, not

capable to concentrate, gets bored very quickly, is not
a good listener etc. This is Most common in kids.
 Hyperactive/Impulsive: Impatient, talkative, fidgets
constantly, makes inappropriate comments etc.
 Combined: Patient shows both characteristics. This is
most displayed in Adults.
Diagnosing Different Types of
ADHD
 There are no Specific “test” for ADHD.
However, Psychologists are allowed to run a
diagnosis.
 There are several guidelines and CHAT sheets
to diagnose ADHD in patients, some of the
characteristics include:
 Talks excessively and constantly moves
 Short Tempered
 MAY show aggressive behavior
 Symptoms must be observed for more than
six months on children over the age of 7, on a
regular basis
 Management Tips for
Children With ADHD
There are several guidelines accessible to
adults that helps them gain a better
perspective about the condition, that
therefore, allows them to help facilitate the
life of a friend or a family member who has
been diagnosed with ADHD. Some tips to help
manage a child with ADHD include:
 Management Tips for Children
With ADHD
Use timers and limits to make
Appreciate your children for the concept of time visible and
work that are deemed to be significant to your child.
appropriate.

ADHD children may not behave

as you desire, use comments
and re-assert your rules till they
understand your policies.
 ADHD medication and their
Mechanisms of Action

 Methylphenidate: Blocks Dopamine reuptake inhibitors so

Dopamine stays in cell longer. Examples include: Ritalin,
Concerta etc.

 Dexmethylphenidate: It works by increasing levels of the

neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and dopamine in the
brain. Example: Focalin
ADHD Medication and their
Mechanisms of Action (Therapy)

 Support groups: A group for counseling where people of similar

conditions share their experiences with each other.
 Cognitive behavioral therapy: Talk therapy is about changing
negative thoughts, and characteristics relating to distress.
 Intervention: Psychological Unit that deals with personal conflicts
rooting from “school, work, family, and social life.”
 Psychoeducation: Classes about mental health that provides visitor
with hope and strength to control their symptoms.
 Family therapy: Counseling that allows families to understand each
other, the condition and be more free with each other.
ADHD and Drug Addiction
 People who take ADHD medication are less likely to become addicted
to drugs, than those who remain undiagnosed or the ones who choose
not to treat their condition.
 Study shows that over 15% of adults with ADHD have deliberately
used/ has been addicted to the usage of drugs and alcohol. The
research concluded that drug and alcohol addiction is about three
times more prevalent in people who are diagnosed with ADHD than
the general population.
ADHD and Drug
Addiction
 A survey by Harvard Medical School shows that 70%
of teens who does drugs does it to “improve their mood,
sleep better” etc., and not because of their desire to get
high. They believe that the same notion of “self-
medication” using marijuana and other drugs is common
against people diagnosed with ADHD.

 Drug dependency starts for children at an age as

early as fifteen.
Final Product

I have decided to create a

brain model, with Dopamine
neurons and receptors to
explain how dopamine levels
affect ADHD, and how
medication can help.
FINAL

PRODUCT

ADHD ON THE BRAIN.

 CURRENT EVENT: MICHAEL
PHELPS SHARES ADHD
EXPERIENCE
 Michael Phelps, the Olympic swimming superstar, openly discussed about
how he was bullied as a child by his fellow friends and even by some of his
teachers who claimed that he would never survive, or “amount to anything
in this world”. Phelps was diagnosed with ADHD by his pediatrician in the
sixth grade due to his inability to focus in class and constant hyperactivity
that agitated others around him.
 He used swimming lessons to self-discipline himself and utilized the
physical aspect of the sport to control his hyperactivity or “nervous” energy
that made him “jumpy and fidgety”. Today, Michael Phelps is a 33-year-old
professional Olympic swimmer, with 23 gold medals, 39 world records, and
he holds the title for the most Olympic medals won by anyone at a single
Olympic Game category.
Conclusion:
 By the end of this semester, I have
learned more about the importance of
communication and leadership skills.
 I am now more aware of the
responsibilities and standards you are
expected to meet as a Pediatrician, and I
also have a better knowledge of the
reality and daily work expectations of the
profession.
Thank You!

 I would like to thank my mentor and my

teacher Mrs. Click for giving me the
opportunity to learn more about my dream
occupation. I am also grateful to all the staff
in the Children’s Clinic for being patient and
generous to me, and to all the patients and
visitors who allowed me to observe them.
Citations
 Rube, Tasha. “How to Treat ADHD Naturally in Children.” WikiHow, WikiHow, 1 July 2018,
www.wikihow.com/Treat-ADHD-Naturally-in-Children.
 “ADHD in Children.” Healthy Eating Tips to Prevent, Control, and Reverse Diabetes,
www.helpguide.org/articles/add-adhd/attention-deficit-disorder-adhd-in-children.htm.
 “Brain Differences in ADHD.” ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, 16 Feb. 2017,
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/02/170216105919.htm.
 Wilens, T E. “Mechanism of Action of Agents Used in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder.” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports., U.S. National Library of Medicine,
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16961428.
 “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo
Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 16 Aug. 2017, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/adhd/symptoms-causes/syc-20350889.
 “What Are the Three Types of ADHD?” Healthline, Healthline Media,
www.healthline.com/health/adhd/three-types-adhd.
 Lane, Kari. “Working With Your ADHD Child's Teachers and School.” WeHaveKids,
WeHaveKids, 9 Nov. 2017, wehavekids.com/education/Working-with-Your-ADHD-Childs-
Teachers-and-School.