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Chapter 1

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Background of the Study

During the primordial period, ancient people used the moon to predict the time that

serves as their calendar. Eventually this tool has undergone a lot of changes and various

revolutionary theories from renowned historians and astronomers who have contributed in the

evolution of the calendar into the contemporary era. According to Mele (2016), In this digital

age wherein smartphones and internet is commonly used, sales of print calendars have

declined. The researchers decided to create a calendar that deals to the improvement of using

print calendars. The use of calendar is an essential thing for everyone. This tool tells a story

that provides information and vibrancy in our community. When the yearend comes, the

ritual of many households and offices are getting new appointment books, planners or

calendars to hang on walls or put on desks. However, we are changing calendars every year.

The main goal of this research is to provide an endless calendar that can be helpful to

our community. This will be used to support the 21st century learners not just by saving

money and time but also for the positive effect of it to the environment. This calendar will be

an eco-friendly tool for everyone in a sense that it will be an endless calendar that has an

aesthetic design. According to Hoxton, print calendars can raise the popularity of it if there is

a combination of aesthetics with utility. With this study, the print calendars can coexist with

the digital calendars in this contemporary era.

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1.2 Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectivity of the e calendar to the Grade

12 students (HUMSS and STEM) of LCC-Bñ in terms of

Specifically, it also seek the following sub-problems:

1. Which is more aesthetic in terms of? In terms of design and mechanics.

2. Which is more efficient? In terms of paper waste management and costs of calendars

each year.

3. Which of the two calendars is preferred by the respondents?

Is there a significant difference between the preference of the respondents in using e

calendar and wall calendar?

1.3 Hypothesis

There is a significant difference between e calendar and wall calendar.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study of the researchers redounds to the benefit of the society. Considering the

practices of ancient people from the past, highlighting the uses of calendar, accommodating

its wide impact to the community and the benefit of it to the government, students, teachers,

readers and the researchers themselves. This study will be significant to the following:
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1. Government. The study will provide liable information to the government. This

research will be useful in promoting the use of calendar to the society and

2. Students and Teachers. It can help them to be aware every day, and to know that it’s

better to have physical calendar than a calendar in the cellphone. It can also help in

managing schedules.

3. Readers and Future Researchers. This research would serve as a manuscript to

readers, and future researchers, a primary source of data in gathering information

related to the study. It can conduct further studies relating to the architectural designs

of calendar.

4. Researchers. This study emboldens the readers about the research’s validity and

liability of how great the effect of using the E-Calendar would be in our daily lives.

1.5 Scope and Delimitations

This study will be conducted in La Consolacion College of Sto. Tomas Biñan City of

Laguna. The researcher’s respondents are the Grade 12 – HUMSS (Blessed Clement of

Osimo) and Grade 12 – STEM (Blessed Christine of Spoleto). The researchers will be assign

two different calendars in the classroom of which respondents belong. The researchers will

use wall calendar and E-Calendar (Endless Calendar) for this study, and will observe which

of the two calendars is most efficient for the respondents.

These calendars come from the Gregorian calendar which is the latest calendar of the

world. The researchers come up to this study for the reason that calendars today weren’t

noticed and as technology improves people always looking at their phone to see the calendar.

This study will be passed at the month of October.

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1.6 Conceptual Framework

The research aims to determine the effects of e calendar and wall calendar to the 21st

century learners. The research paradigm shows that the Independent Variable-Process-

Dependent Variable model in the study. The independent variables of the study are Wall

calendar and E-Calendar that will be the main tool of the researchers for the study. The

process involved are viewing and researching through surveys, observations and scales . The

researchers ensured that the gathered data were credible and reliable. Meanwhile in the

dependent variable, the researchers seek to know the preferences of the students in the study.

Conceptual Paradigm

• PREFERENCE
• E- OF THE
Calendar PROCESS STUDENTS
• Wall
calendar • Survey • E-Calendar
• Wall calendar
Independent • Scale
Variable
Dependent Variable

Figure 1.1 Research Paradigm

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1.7 Definition of terms

Aesthetic – It is about the beauty of the subject and has a pleasing appearance

Ancient People – People that existed many years or an old people

Civil Calendar – It is a calendar used in a country

Contemporary Era – refers to the present time

e calendar – endless calendar that is made out of wooden materials

Embolden – give motivation in oneself to do something

Gregorian Calendar – calendar that is still used in the present time and replaced the Julian

calendar

Julian – a calendar which was created by Julius Caesar

Lunisolar Calendar – A calendar that the dates were based on the moon

Manufacturer – People that creates goods or product.

Primordial – it start from beginning

Promotion Calendar - A calendar which user can easily see and edit all the promotion plan.

Wall calendar – a type of calendar which can be displayed on the wall.

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Julian Calendar

According to Pariona, A. (2017). States that the Julian calendar is the first major

calendar to move away from the lunisolar method because it is based on the Roman calendar

introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC. It utilizes a 365-day, 12 month model and adds an

extra day in February every 4 years

The Julian calendar was named after Julius Caesar, it was also establish in 46 B.C. Julius

Caesar was a Roman politician and the Julian calendar is based on Roman calendar that it

was time computation system used in ancient Rome. It was created to have the more accurate

calendar than to the usual method called "Lunisolar Method" it was only based by the moon

phase to determine the date.

According to Morse. (2014) States that the Julian calendar was essential to historians

for it was a universal calendar for around 16 centuries and in different other countries it was

used for an additional three centuries later on. It is relevant to genealogists for its purpose

was to document historical circumstances in many countries as recent lately as the early

1900s. In generalization it is crucial to grasp the Julian calendar and to figure out when and

how the alteration to the present Gregorian calendar was made.

The Julian calendar was well-known by the world so it was used for a long period of

time. It was used as a way to be able to document events or happenings in their surroundings.

Therefore is it very crucial to be able to understand the way the Julian calendar works in

order to comprehend how the Gregorian calendar that we use today was made.
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According to Thorsen (2018), States that this calendar was the first solar calendar and

in order to create a more standardized calendar, Julius Caesar consulted an Alexandrian

astronomer named Sosigenes and created a more regulated civil calendar, a solar calendar

based entirely on Earth's revolutions around the Sun, also called a tropical year. It takes our

planet on average, approximately 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 45 seconds (365.242189

days) to complete one full orbit around the sun. Every 4th year the calendar should add one

day that's what we called leap year, the extra day will be added in the month of February

because it is a month that has the shortest amount of days. After creating the Calendar it was

spread to the Roman Empire and Christendom, this calendar becomes an effective tool

through a lot of years.

Julian calendar was the first solar calendar that it was based on the Earth's rotation

around the Sun or called "Tropical Year". Sosigenes of Alexandria was employed by Julius

Caesar and he was the one who devised the Julian calendar that made it more authentic

calendar. Duration of one full orbit around the sun, was estimated to 365 days, 5 hours, 48

minutes and 45 seconds which equals to 365.242189 days. In every 4th year, there will be an

additional day in the month of February which called "Leap Year". February only have 28

days in it. Afterwards, it became an efficient tool in many years and became widely known to

the Roman Empire and Christendom.

According to Moss, S. (2008). States that there were no pros in using a Julian calendar

while the Gregorian calendar was widely used for most people know it. That the cons in

using a Julian calendar are: the average year length is slightly longer than tropical year,

highly variable month lengths with no consistent variable and the months are not aligned with

either seasonal markers or lunar cycle.

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The Julian calendar was well-known by the world so it was used for a long period of

time. It was used as a way to be able to document events or happenings in their surroundings.

Therefore is it very crucial to be able to understand the way the Julian calendar works in

order to comprehend how the Gregorian calendar that we use today was made. Julian

calendar doesn't have any advantages because Gregorian calendar was more popular and

often used than the Julian calendar. Julian calendar has an intense variable month lengths

with no consistency of variable and months due to its different alignment with the either

seasonal makers or lunar cycle.

Gregorian Calendar

According to Plumer, B. (2016). States that Gregorian calendar is a calendar instituted

by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582. This calendar have a 365 days with an extra four years which

is the leap year. This calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world today. It is the

calendar used in the international, standard for the representation of dates and times. Also this

calendar is a solar calendar that based on 365 days common year divided by 12 months, 11 of

the months have both 30 and 31 days while the month February has only 28 days during its

common year. February has 29 days every four years, the leap year. The Gregorian calendar

predecessor, was the Julian calendar, it replaced for the reason that it was too inaccurate. The

more leap year formula of Gregorian calendar makes itself more accurate than the Julian

calendar. It is not perfect either compared to the tropical year that is off by one day every

3236 years.

Gregorian calendar is the calendar that were used after the Julian calendar era until the

present. This calendar were divided by 12 months and has 365 days. The Gregorian calendar

was accurate calendar than the Julian calendar. In Gregorian era increases the leap year

formula after the Julian Era so it helps the calendar to get more accurate than before.
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Gregorian calendar is easily to use for the people nowadays than the Julian Calendar because

of we were already used to the Gregorian Calendar than using Julian Calendar, Gregorian

calendar is better than Julian calendar because the Gregorian calendar is the upgraded version

of the Julian calendar

According to Moss, S. (2008). States that the cons in using a Gregorian calendar are:

the months are not aligned with either seasonal markers or lunar cycle, overly variable month

lengths with inconsistent pattern and has a slightly complex leap year rules that cause

calendar year to drift from seasonal markers over a century.

The disadvantage in using Gregorian calendar are the months of the calendar is not

aligned in lunar cycle, and the length of month and the pattern is inconsistent and the leap

year is causing the calendar to drift from seasonal marker.

Orchard (2018). States that Gregorian calendar had the advantage of facilitating

business activities such as scheduling regular meetings and more accurately comparing

monthly statistics. This calendar allowed numerical days of each month to fall on the same

weekdays from year to year. Most nations and cultures are familiar with the Gregorian

calendar. It maintains the tradition to several major religious groups. Also, the rules of

calendar are appropriate in computer programs. The Gregorian calendar took nearly 350

years to be adopted most of the countries that previously used the Julian calendar.

The advantages of using the calendar is on how to manage your business and to use it

by fixing the schedule of your meeting and more. This calendar allow thr user to use the

numerical days of each month it is easily use for doing a schedule. Most of the nations and

culture were already use to the Gregorian calendar.

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Calendar

According to Calendar Evolution (2013). We use calendar not only to keep track of

time, date, and year but to also stay being organized, planning efficiently and meeting the

deadlines, remembering important dates, managing daily schedule and most of all, reducing

the anxiety and stress.

Calendars doesn't only evolved because of our new technology like spreadsheets,

email programs, electronic calendars, etc. but because of our habits. "In 2012 you find habits

and technologies from what a calendar used to be but still limited to our old concepts.

Changing an item on a calendar has traditionally been a hard task to perform. It involved

finding the right page, using an eraser or White-Out to remove an entry, finding a pen or

pencil, and writing in a new appointment neatly. Due to the size of the Calendar and your

handwriting, your focus is only major appointments, and because calendars are made of paper

they can easily be tear, wet, and easily lost. (Wade, n.d.).

The average number of printed calendars in households was 3.12 in 2011 compared

with 3.98 in 1981, according to the most recent study sponsored by the Promotional Products

Association International and the Calendar Advertising Council. The kitchen remained the

prime display location, with 75 per cent of respondents saying they had a calendar there. The

average number of printed calendars per business was 2.10, down from 2.56 in 1981,

according to the study.

A 2008 paper from Virginia Tech, called “An Exploratory Study of Personal Calendar

Use,” predicted the march of electronic calendars would be swift and inevitable. “With the

increased use of mobile devices, more and more calendaring tasks are performed off the

desktop computer,” it said.

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A bright spot in the industry remains promotional calendars, like those distributed by

real estate agents, medical professionals, car repair shops and other businesses. As a

percentage of sales of promotional products, those calendars have held steady or increased

slightly from 2012 to 2015, according to industry figures.

Melissa Ralston, marketing director for BIC Graphic, said in an email that companies

have found paper calendars to be an effective advertising vehicle with a mass market appeal.

According to the statement we use calendar in our daily lives its purpose is not only

for check the date but it also use for organizing our time, use as reminder and create some list

of event so that we can remember important dates. Calendars is a part of our life now it use

for creating a plan and give a time to prepare and it also remind us to the important event in

your life like your birthday. It is already part of our life it is a great help for us even though it

looks like nothing.

Wall Calendars

With the slowdown in world economic growth, the Wall Calendar industry has also

suffered a certain impact, but still maintained a relatively optimistic growth, the past four

years, Wall Calendar market size to maintain the average annual growth rate of 3.57% from

514 million$ in 2013 to 571 million$ in 2016, analysts believe that in the next few years,

Wall Calendar market size will be further expanded, we expect that by 2021, The market size

of the Wall Calendar will reach 632 million$.

This Report covers the manufacturers’ data, including: shipment, price, revenue, gross

profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about

the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world,
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which shows a regional development status, including market size, volume and value, as well

as price data.

Besides, the report also covers segment data, including: industry segment, channel segment

etc. cover different segment market size, both volume and value. Also cover different

industries clients’ information, which is very important for the manufacturers.

Synthesis

The Julian calendar was well-known by the world so it was used for a long period of

time. It was used as a way to be able to document events or happenings in their surroundings.

Therefore is it very crucial to be able to understand the way the Julian calendar works in

order to comprehend how the Gregorian calendar that we use today was made. This calendar

has been implemented by several countries because the Julian calendar assumes a full year is

365.25 days whereas it is actually 11 minutes less. So, the Julian calendar was changed

The Gregorian calendar was able to make up for this 11 minute difference by not making

years divisible by 100 to be a leap year. This means that the year 2100, for example wouldn't

be a leap year

According to Calendar Evolution (2013). We use calendar not only to keep track of

time, date, and year but to also stay being organized, planning efficiently and meeting the

deadlines, remembering important dates, managing daily schedule and most of all, reducing

the anxiety and stress. the digital revolution has all but swept through the majority of

industries, we ought to recall that a calendar is always around. Whether it is on your desk, on

the office wall or hanging at home, it is an ever-present reminder of your organization.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

This research is an applied, descriptive, comparative study which uses the scientific

approach to research. Applied since the research is done to find out which is more effective;

our own product which is E-calendar or the traditional and most common one which is a Wall

calendar – it is not theoretical in nature. Descriptive since the data that will be presented is in

textual form and is based on the graphical representation of the data. Comparative study

because the research aims to compare E- calendar and Wall calendar in terms of its design,

efficiency, and the answers that will be gathered from the respondents that will go forth with

the data analysis.

3.2 Population, Sample And Sampling Technique

The target population of this study was the grade 12 students, specifically the HUMSS

(Blessed Clement of Osimo) and STEM (Blessed Christine of Spoleto) of La Consolacion

College Bin͂an, that has a total number of 62 students from the both strands moreover each of

the strands has the same total number of 31 students in their section.

This research would make use of Stratified sampling. Stratified sampling in a way that

the researchers divides the population into two groups. Using Stratified sampling can reduce

the sample size required to achieve a given precision. And it also possible to increase the

precision with the same sample size. Each group respondents doesn't have the same attributes

and characteristics. The interests of those respondents are based on their perception of

attraction and usage of the calendars.

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3.3 Data Collection

This study involved a survey questionnaire and scale to stratify the data which is

more effective in the e calendar and wall calendar. Data was collected from both primary and

secondary sources. The secondary sources was comprise from the Internet to get relevant

information about the study . The primary source was consist of survey questionnaires and

scales .Survey questionnaire, that consist of dichotomous questionnaires since the survey

was a yes or no questions in a reason that there was no middle perspective possible

additionally scales was used to quantify the data about the calendar’s appearance and

mechanics, criteria for the calendar was given and interval scale was used to determined the

rate of satisfaction of the STEM and HUMSS strand.

3.4 Data Analysis

Responses from the collected data were statistically analyzed and interpreted into

tables and figures with the corresponding percentages and tables to illustrate the results of the

study. Execution of frequency distribution was used to classify the data collected from the

rate of satisfaction of the STEM strand in e calendar and HUMSS in the wall calendar,

furthermore graphs was used to quantify the data from the survey to demonstrate the

differences of the data collected from the specific strand.

3.5 Statistical Treatment

Frequency distribution and percentages measuring the data about the respondents, while the

weighted mean determined the preference of the respondents on calendar

For the mean:

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Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of the Study

This chapter focuses on the results of the study that would be needed to answer the

statement of the problem with regards to the effectivity of the e calendar to the grade 12

students. The researchers had undergone heavy textual analysis from articles through internet

as supporting evidences that may include facts and professional data. The researchers also

conducted a survey with a totality of 31 respondents from Grade 12 STEM Blessed Christine

of Spoleto and 32 from Grade 12 HUMSS Blessed Clement of Osimo.

However, due to the unavailability of some of the Grade 12 HUMSS students, the

researchers gathered only 31 respondents to answer the following survey and scales regarding

the calendar they are assigned to.

The data gathered regarding the features of e calendar during the survey were tallied,

organized and listed in the frequency distribution table below.

Criteria of e calendar from Rate of Satisfaction

Grade 12 STEM – Blessed Christine of Spoleto

Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 5 16%
First Impression
Moderately Satisfied 16 52%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
Sense of Attractiveness
Moderately Satisfied 17 55%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 4 13%
Appropriateness
Moderately Satisfied 19 61%
Very Satisfied 8 26%
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Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 4 13%
Aesthetic Design
Moderately Satisfied 17 55%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 6 19%
Neatness
Moderately Satisfied 16 52%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
Usage of the Materials
Moderately Satisfied 13 42%
Very Satisfied 15 48%
Not Satisfied 1 3%
Slightly Satisfied 2 6%
Conviniency
Moderately Satisfied 20 65%
Very Satisfied 8 26%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 2 6%
Creativity
Moderately Satisfied 10 32%
Very Satisfied 19 61%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 11 35%
Functionality
Moderately Satisfied 11 35%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
Overall Impact
Moderately Satisfied 19 61%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Tab. 4.1 Frequency Distribution Table of e calendar

The data gathered regarding the features of wall calendar during the survey were

tallied, organized and listed in the distribution table below.

Criteria of wall calendar from Rate of Satisfaction

Grade 12 HUMSS – Blessed Clement of Osimo

Not Satisfied 4 16%

Slightly Satisfied 8 32%
First Impression
Moderately Satisfied 10 40%
Very Satisfied 4 16%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Sense of Attractiveness
Slightly Satisfied 12 48%
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Moderately Satisfied 9 36%

Very Satisfied 3 12%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Appropriateness
Moderately Satisfied 15 60%
Very Satisfied 6 24%
Not Satisfied 7 28%
Slightly Satisfied 8 32%
Aesthetic Design
Moderately Satisfied 10 40%
Very Satisfied 1 4%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 6 24%
Neatness
Moderately Satisfied 9 36%
Very Satisfied 10 40%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Slightly Satisfied 6 24%
Usage of the Materials
Moderately Satisfied 12 48%
Very Satisfied 6 24%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 5 20%
Conviniency
Moderately Satisfied 10 40%
Very Satisfied 10 40%
Not Satisfied 3 12%
Slightly Satisfied 10 40%
Creativity
Moderately Satisfied 9 36%
Very Satisfied 4 16%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Functionality
Moderately Satisfied 8 32%
Very Satisfied 12 48%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Overall Impact
Moderately Satisfied 11 44%
Very Satisfied 10 40%
Tab. 4.2 Frequency Distribution Table of Wall Calendar
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Statement of the problem 1. Which is more aesthetic? In terms of design and mechanics?

The respondents from Grade 12 STEM and Grade 12 HUMSS were surveyed

regarding the aesthetic designs and mechanics of both e calendar and wall calendar.

In terms of sense of attractiveness, 90% of the respondents from Grade 12 STEM

Blessed Christine of Spoleto were satisfied by the e calendar while only 42% of the

respondents from Grade 12 HUMSS Blessed Clement of Osimo were satisfied by the wall

calendar. 87% of the respondents from Grade 12 STEM were satisfied by how appropriate

the e calendar was; while 81% of the respondents from Grade 12 HUMSS answered that the

wall calendar was appropriate to be used.

In connection with the appearance of the calendar, the e calendar obtained 87% in

examining the structure and the aesthetic design based on the gathered results from Grade 12

STEM. However, the Grade 12 HUMSS students rated the appearance of wall calendar only

70%.

In evaluating the usage of materials, the respondents from Grade 12 STEM provided

90% satisfaction for the e calendar, while 69% of the respondents from Grade 12 HUMSS

were satisfied. 93% from the Grade 12 STEM responded that the e calendar was creative and

74% from Grade 12 HUMSS were satisfied by the creativity of the wall calendar. Lastly,

64% of the respondents from Grade 12 STEM were satisfied and 75% from Grade 12

HUMSS in terms of functionality.

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Statement of the problem 2. Which is more efficient? In terms of proper waste

management and cost of the calendar each year

Is it expensive to purchase a
19% 81%
calendar?

Do you prefer buying calendars every

16% 84%
year?

Are you willing to pay for calendars YES

71% 29%
that can be reused?
NO

Do you think this calendar eco-

35% 65%
friendly?

Do you think this calendar can be a

13% 87%
helpful tool again after use?

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Figure 4.1 Preference of STEM in e calendar

Is it expensive to purchase a
81% 19%
calendar?

Do you prefer buying calendars every

23% 77%
year?

Are you willing to pay for calendars YES

77% 23%
that can be reused?
NO

Do you think this calendar eco-

84% 16%
friendly?

Do you think this calendar can be a

87% 13%
helpful tool?

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Figure 4.2 Preference of HUMSS in wall calendar

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The data gathered from the surveys was illustrated through the stock bar graph that

shows the percentage of the calendar that answers the efficiency of the calendar in terms of

proper waste management and calendar cost each year.

In connection with the proper waste management these are the factors that proves a

calendar’s efficiency, 84 % of the respondents of STEM stated that e calendar was an eco-

friendly tool compared to the 35% of wall calendar from the strand of HUMSS, furthermore

87% of the respondents who experienced wall calendar stated that calendar cannot be a

helpful tool after used while 87%of the respondents who have used the e calendar states that e

calendar will be a useful tool than the wall calendar.

The e calendar and wall calendar efficiency with regards to the cost of the calendar

each year in terms of expensiveness of the calendar, 50% of the total population of the

respondents says that the price of the calendar was expensive. Meanwhile 72% of the total

population of the respondents states that they are willing to pay for calendars that can be

reuse, in addition to the cost of the calendar each year the data gathered in terms of buying

calendars every year, 81% of the total population of the respondents preferred to buy

calendars every year.

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Statement of the problem 3. Which one is preferred by the respondents?

Helpful tool 87
13

Willingness to pay for calendars to be used 23

77

Preference on buying a calendar every year 35

65

Calendar as a multipurpose tool 13

87

Comfortability in checking the dates 23

77

As a helpful tool in managing your task 10

90

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NO YES

Figure 4.3 Criteria of e calendar as a tool

Helpful tool again after use 13

87

Willingness to pay for calendars to be used 29

71

Preference on buying a calendar every year 16

84

Calendar as a multipurpose tool 13

87

Comfortability in checking the dates 16

84

As a helpful tool in managing your task 10

90

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NO YES

Figure 4.4 Criteria of Wall calendar as a tool

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10%
29%

61%

Not Satisfied Slightly Satisfied Moderately Satisfied Very Satisfied

Figure 4.5 Overall Impact of the e calendar

3%
19%
36%

42%

Not Satisfied Slightly Satisfied Moderately Satisfied Very Satisfied

Figure 4.6 Overall impact of the Wall calendar

Figure 4.3 and Figure 4.4 shows the percentage rate of Grade 12 STEM and

grade 12 HUMSS respondents perception about the effectiveness of e calendar and wall

calendar to their class. In terms of conduciveness of the calendars in managing their tasks,
 P a g e | 23

90% of the respondents from STEM and HUMSS agrees that their calendar helps them a lot

in managing their tasks while 10% of them answers that it didn’t help them. In terms of their

comfortability in checking the dates, 77% of grade 12 STEM students are comfortable

checking the dates in the e calendar while 23% says no, on the other hand 84% from grade 12

HUMSS are comfortable in checking the dates in the calendar and 16% says no. In

connection with calendar as a multipurpose tool, 87% of grade 12 STEM students and

HUMSS agrees that their calendar can be used as a multipurpose tool while others 13%

answers no. In terms of buying calendar every year 65% of grade 12 STEM agrees that they

prefer buying calendar every year while the other 35% says no in addition, 84% of grade 12

HUMSS says they also prefer buying a calendar every year while the other 16% contradict

with it. With regards to the willingness to pay for calendars that can be reused, 77% of grade

12 STEM students agrees that they are willing to pay for calendars that can be reused while

23% are not willing and 71% of Grade 12 HUMSS students are also willingly to pay for

calendars that can be reused every year while the other 29% answers no. In terms of how

their assigned calendar can be a helpful tool again after used, 87% of The Grade 12 STEM

student thinks that the e calendar can be a helpful tool while 13% does not think that it can be

a helpful tool after usage.

Figure # and Figure # shows the percentage and overall impact of each classes

and their assigned calendar. For the Grade 12 STEM BCOS 10 % are slightly satisfied, 29%

are very satisfied, and 61% are moderately satisfied to what the e calendar has to offer in

terms of its aesthetic design and usefulness, and for the class of Grade 12 HUMSS 3% are not

satisfied, 19% slightly satisfied, 36% very satisfied, and 42% moderately satisfied in terms of

what the wall calendar has to offer in terms of its aesthetic and usefulness.
 P a g e | 24

Chapter 5

Summary, Findings, Conclusion And Recommendation

5.1 Summary

Based on the data gathered the researcher summarizes the data and findings and found

the following:

The gathered data from the Grade 12 STEM Blessed Christine of Spoleto and Grade

12 HUMSS Blessed Clement of Osimo resulted that the e calendar was more efficient in

terms of proper waste management and wall calendar was more efficient in terms of cost of

the calendar each year than the usual wall calendar. The responses to each question contained

within the two main categorical headings of context, process, and context were examined

using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, and means. The main focus of the study

was to determine if there was significant difference between the e calendar and wall calendar

in regards to context, process, and content.

The data were based on what instrument does the researchers used. In collecting data,

the researchers used survey questionnaires that serve as the main instrument for the study.

Collection of data from the STEM strand said that 83% of them agree that the e calendar is

eco-friendly and 88% said that this tool can be a helpful tool after use concerning waste

management. The statistics stated that e calendar is effective in a reason that it was an endless

calendar compared to wall calendar that changes every year. Moreover, about the cost of the

calendar each year, 29% from the HUMSS strand said that they were willing to buy calendar

every year compared to the 23% of the STEM strand from the e calendar.
 P a g e | 25

As a result, e calendar was proven to be more effective than the wall calendar based

on the answers of the respondents. The overall impact including the aspects of the calendar

stated that the endless calendar is a useful tool.

5.2 Conclusion

Based from the questions that the researchers sought to answer, the researchers were

able to draw the following conclusions: First, the researchers conclude that the e calendar is

more aesthetic than the usual wall calendar based on the data gathered from the respondents.

Second, the hypothesis for the general question was the opposite from what the researchers

had found out - they found out that there is a significant difference between e calendar and

wall calendar. And lastly, the interpretation of the tallied data and the results were able to

conclude that the e calendar is more effective than the usual wall calendar.

5.3 Recommendation

From the results of this research, the researchers were able to formulate

recommendations for the future researchers:

 Firstly, it is recommended that the future researchers should increase the time span in

terms of how long the respondents will use the calendars, also both groups should be

able to use the e calendar.

 Secondly, the future researchers should have an equal number of respondents and to

not limit the respondents to only students.

 P a g e | 26

 And lastly, the researchers recommend exploring and discovering ways of improving

more credible and reliable data and information, particularly if there are efficient

information about the history of calendars

.
 P a g e | 27

Cover Letter

Ms. Laria P. Doronila

Principal, La Consolacion College- Biñan

Sto. Tomas, Biñan City, Laguna

Dear Ms. Laria,

Greetings in the name of St. Augustine!

We, the researchers, would like to ask permission if you would allow us to conduct
our study with the grade 12 students senior high school to be our respondents for us to get the
necessary data for the progress of our research. Our study aims to know the effectivity of e
Calendar than a wall calendar in terms of their usage, under the care of Ms. Maria Imeelyn
M. Zamora, our Research in Daily Life II teacher. We would like to utilize the Grade 12
HUMMS and STEM(BCOS) as our respondents by assigning e calendars and wall calendars
in their respective classroom for a span of 1 month and conduct a survey that will know
which is more effective to use. Their response and the effectiveness of the calendar in them
would greatly help us in fulfilling our research. Rest assured that we will follow the rules and
regulations of the school in conducting our research.

We are looking forward for your cooperation in this research. Thank you for your
kind consideration.

Sincerely yours,

Ken Joshua Bautista

Zenh Matthew Coldez

Leona Celebre

Shaira Dela Cruz Ms. Maria Imeelyn M. Zamora

Gabrielle Jimenez Research II teacher

Carlo Joshua Umali

Christian Vargas
Researchers Approved by:

Ms. Laria P. Doronila

Principal
 P a g e | 28

Bibliography

Calendar Evolution (2013). Why do we use a calendar?.pg 1.

retrieved from https://www.calendarevolution.com/why-do-we-use-a-calendar

Morse, S. (2014). The Julian calendar and why we need to know about it.

retrieved from https://stevemorse.org/juliancalendar/julian.html

Moss, S. (2008). The Earthian calendar.

retrieved from https://Earthiancalendar.info/compare.php

Orchard, P. (2018) The Geopolitics of the Gregorian calendar?

retrieved from https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitics-gregorian -calendar

Pariona, A. (2017). What is the Gregorian calendar?

retrieved from https://worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-the-gregorian-calendar.html

Plumer, B. (2016). We've been using the Gregorian calendar for 434 years.

retrieved from https://www.vox.com/2016/10/4/13147306/434th-gregorian-calendar-

anniversary-google

Thorsen (2018). History of the calendar.

retrieved from www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?ParagraphID-

bvt
 P a g e | 29

Appendices

Strand : Date :

Gender :

Type of calendar assigned e calendar wall calendar

Direction: Put a check in the box of your preferred answer

1. Do you have a calendar at your house?

Yes No

2. Is the calendars nowadays are important?

Yes No

3. Do you consider this calendar a helpful tool in managing your task?

Yes No

4. Does this calendar makes you comfortable in checking the dates?

Yes No

5. Do you think the calendar is multipurpose tool?

Yes No

6. Is it expensive to purchase a calendar?

Yes No

7. Do you prefer buying calendars every year?

Yes No

8. Are you willing to pay for calendars that can be reused?

Yes No

9. Do you think the calendar you used is eco-friendly?

Yes No

10. For HUMSS, Do you think this calendar can be a helpful tool again after use?

For STEM, Do you think this calendar can be a helpful tool?

Yes No
 P a g e | 30

Rate the following items according to the level of satisfaction about the criteria of calendar that is
given below using the following scale

Not Slightly Moderately Very

Satisfied Satisfied Satisfied Satisfied

Criteria for the

calendar

1 First impression

Sense of attractiveness
2

Appropriateness
3

Aesthetic design
4

Neatness
5

Usage of the materials

6

Conveniency
7

Creativity
8

functionality
9

Overall impact
10
 P a g e | 31

• PREFERENCE
• E- OF THE
Calendar PROCESS STUDENTS
• Wall
calendar • Survey • E-Calendar
• Wall calendar
Independent • Scale
Variable
Dependent Variable

Figure 1.1 Research Paradigm

Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 5 16%
First Impression
Moderately Satisfied 16 52%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
Sense of Attractiveness
Moderately Satisfied 17 55%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 4 13%
Appropriateness
Moderately Satisfied 19 61%
Very Satisfied 8 26%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 4 13%
Aesthetic Design
Moderately Satisfied 17 55%
Very Satisfied 10 32%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 6 19%
Neatness
Moderately Satisfied 16 52%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Usage of the Materials
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
 P a g e | 32

Moderately Satisfied 13 42%

Very Satisfied 15 48%
Not Satisfied 1 3%
Slightly Satisfied 2 6%
Conviniency
Moderately Satisfied 20 65%
Very Satisfied 8 26%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 2 6%
Creativity
Moderately Satisfied 10 32%
Very Satisfied 19 61%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 11 35%
Functionality
Moderately Satisfied 11 35%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Not Satisfied 0 0%
Slightly Satisfied 3 10%
Overall Impact
Moderately Satisfied 19 61%
Very Satisfied 9 29%
Tab. 4.1 Frequency Distribution Table of e calendar

Not Satisfied 4 16%

Slightly Satisfied 8 32%
First Impression
Moderately Satisfied 10 40%
Very Satisfied 4 16%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Slightly Satisfied 12 48%
Sense of Attractiveness
Moderately Satisfied 9 36%
Very Satisfied 3 12%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Appropriateness
Moderately Satisfied 15 60%
Very Satisfied 6 24%
Not Satisfied 7 28%
Slightly Satisfied 8 32%
Aesthetic Design
Moderately Satisfied 10 40%
Very Satisfied 1 4%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 6 24%
Neatness
Moderately Satisfied 9 36%
Very Satisfied 10 40%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Slightly Satisfied 6 24%
Usage of the Materials
Moderately Satisfied 12 48%
Very Satisfied 6 24%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Conviniency
Slightly Satisfied 5 20%
 P a g e | 33

Moderately Satisfied 10 40%

Very Satisfied 10 40%
Not Satisfied 3 12%
Slightly Satisfied 10 40%
Creativity
Moderately Satisfied 9 36%
Very Satisfied 4 16%
Not Satisfied 2 8%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Functionality
Moderately Satisfied 8 32%
Very Satisfied 12 48%
Not Satisfied 1 4%
Slightly Satisfied 4 16%
Overall Impact
Moderately Satisfied 11 44%
Very Satisfied 10 40%
Tab. 4.2 Frequency Distribution Table of Wall Calendar

Is it expensive to purchase a calendar? 81% 19%

Do you prefer buying calendars every

23% 77%
year?

Are you willing to pay for calendars that YES

77% 23%
can be reused? NO

Do you think this calendar eco-friendly? 84% 16%

Do you think this calendar can be a

87% 13%
helpful tool?

4.1 Preference of STEM in e calendar

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Is it expensive to purchase a calendar? 19% 81%

Do you prefer buying calendars every

16% 84%
year?

Are you willing to pay for calendars that YES

71% 29%
can be reused? NO

Do you think this calendar eco-friendly? 35% 65%

Do you think this calendar can be a

13% 87%
helpful tool again after use?

Figure 4.2 Preference of HUMSS in wall calendar

Preference of Grade 12 - STEM (e calendar)

Helpful tool 87
13

Willingness to pay for calendars to be used 23

77

Preference on buying a calendar every year 35

65

Calendar as a multipurpose tool 13

87

Comfortability in checking the dates 23

77

As a helpful tool in managing your task 10

90

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NO YES

Figure 4.3 Criteria of e calendar as a tool

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Preference of Grade 12 - HUMSS (Wall calendar)

Helpful tool again after use 13

87

Willingness to pay for calendars to be used 29

71

Preference on buying a calendar every year 16

84

Calendar as a multipurpose tool 13

87

Comfortability in checking the dates 16

84

As a helpful tool in managing your task 10

90
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NO YES

Figure 4.4 Criteria of wall calendar as a tool

Overall Impact Grade 12 STEM (e calendar)

10%
29%

61%

Not Satisfied Slightly Satisfied Moderately Satisfied Very Satisfied

4.5 Overall Impact of the e calendar

 P a g e | 36

Overall Impact Grade 12 - HUMSS (Wall calendar)

3%
19%
36%

42%

Not Satisfied Slightly Satisfied Moderately Satisfied Very Satisfied

4.6 Overall Impact of the wall calendar