Ejemplo.- Analizar la estructura por el método de la rigidez.

Considere AE constante para todas las

barras y L = √2 m.

Matrices de rigidez locales de las barras:

𝐴𝐸 1 −1
𝑘1 = 𝑘2 = 𝑘3 = 𝑘4 = [ ]
𝐿 −1 1

𝐴𝐸 1 −1
𝑘5 = [ ]
√2𝐿 −1 1

Matrices de rotación de las barras:

0 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 √2 1 0
𝑅1 = 𝑅4 = [ ] 𝑅2 = 𝑅3 = [ ] 𝑅5 = 2 [ ]
0 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 0 0 0 1

Matrices de rigidez globales de las barras:

0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 𝐴𝐸 1 −1 0 1 0 0 𝐴𝐸 0 1 0 −1
𝐾1 = 𝑅1 × 𝑘1 × 𝑅1𝑡 = [ ] [ ][ ]= [ ]
0 0 𝐿 −1 1 0 0 0 1 𝐿 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 −1 0 −1
 1 0 −1 0
𝐴𝐸 0 0 0 0
𝐾2 = 𝑅2 × 𝑘2 × 𝑅2𝑡 = [ ]
𝐿 −1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
1 0 −1 0
𝐴𝐸 0 0 0 0
𝐾3 = 𝐾2 = [ ]
𝐿 −1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
𝐴𝐸 0 1 0 −1
𝐾4 = 𝐾1 = [ ]
𝐿 0 0 0 0
0 −1 0 −1
1 1 −1 −1
𝐴𝐸 1 1 −1 −1
𝐾5 = 𝑅5 × 𝑘5 × 𝑅5𝑡 = [ ]
√2𝐿 −1 −1 1 1
−1 −1 1 1

Matriz diagonal de rigideces de las barras:

𝐾1 ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅
∅ 𝐾2 ∅ ∅ ∅
𝐾𝐷 = ∅ ∅ 𝐾3 ∅ ∅
∅ ∅ ∅ 𝐾4 ∅
[∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ 𝐾5 ]

Formación de la matriz topológica:

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
𝐴=
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
[0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0]
Matriz de rigidez de la estructura:

1 0 −1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 −1 0 0
−1 0 1.5 0.5 −0.5 −0.5 0 0
𝐴𝐸 0 0 0.5 1.5 −0.5 −0.5 0 −1
𝐾 = 𝐴𝑡 × 𝐾𝐷 × 𝐴 =
𝐿 0 0 −0.5 −0.5 1.5 0.5 −1 0
0 −1 −0.5 −0.5 0.5 1.5 0 0
0 0 0 0 −1 0 1 0
[0 0 0 −1 0 0 0 1]

Matriz de fuerzas y de desplazamientos:

25 𝑍1
0 𝑍2
0 𝑍3
−50 𝑍
𝑃= 𝑍= 4
𝑅5 0
𝑅6 0
𝑅7 0
[ 𝑅8 ] [0]

Reemplazando las matrices en la expresión:

𝑃 =𝐾×𝑍

25 1 0 −1 0 0 0 0 0 𝑍1
0 0 1 0 0 0 −1 0 0 𝑍2
0 −1 0 1.5 0.5 −0.5 −0.5 0 0 𝑍3
−50 𝐴𝐸 0 0 0.5 1.5 −0.5 −0.5 0 −1 𝑍
= × 4
𝑅5 𝐿 0 0 −0.5 −0.5 1.5 0.5 −1 0 0
𝑅6 0 −1 −0.5 −0.5 0.5 1.5 0 0 0
𝑅7 0 0 0 0 −1 0 1 0 0
[ 𝑅8 ] [0 0 0 −1 0 0 0 1 ] [0]

De donde se obtiene el sistema de ecuaciones de los desplazamientos:

25 1 0 −1 0 𝑍1
0 𝐴𝐸 0 1 0 0 𝑍
[ ] = [ ] × [ 2]
0 𝐿 −1 0 1.5 0.5 𝑍3
−50 0 0 0.5 1.5 𝑍4

𝑍1 1 0 −1 0 −1 25
𝑍2 𝐿 0 1 0 0 0
[ ]= [ ] ×[ ]
𝑍3 𝐴𝐸 −1 0 1.5 0.5 0
𝑍4 0 0 0.5 1.5 −50

Obteniéndose los desplazamientos de la estructura:

 𝑍1 150
𝑍2 𝐿 0
[ ]= [ ]
𝑍3 𝐴𝐸 125
𝑍4 −75

𝑅5 0 0 −0.5 −0.5 𝑍1 0 0 −0.5 −0.5 150

𝑅6 𝐴𝐸 0 −1 −0.5 −0.5 𝑍 𝐴𝐸 0 −1 −0.5 −0.5 𝐿 0
[ ] = [ ] × [ 2] = [ ]× [ ]
𝑅7 𝐿 0 0 0 0 𝑍3 𝐿 0 0 0 0 𝐴𝐸 125
𝑅8 0 0 0 −1 𝑍4 0 0 0 −1 −75

𝑅5 −25
𝑅6 −25
[ ] =[ ]
𝑅7 0
𝑅8 75