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ROAD MACHINERY/EQUIPMENT

INTRODUCTION

In fact, apart from the growing volume and size of infrastructure projects, the rising labor cost is
considered one of the major factors forcing the industry to look for alternative approaches. The
construction industry that had been traditionally conservative in accepting new technologies, is
now increasingly adopting mechanized construction. The mechanized construction is aimed at
to continue and complete a project at reasonable cost within agreed time schedule.
Good project management in construction must vigorously pursue the efficient utilization of
labor, material and equipment.
The use of new equipment and innovative methods has made possible wholesale changes in
construction technologies in recent decades. The selection of the appropriate type and size of
construction equipment often affects the required amount of time and effort and thus the job-
site productivity of a project. It is therefore important for site managers and construction
planners to be familiar with the characteristics of the major types of equipment most commonly
used in construction. Proper use of the appropriate equipment contributes to economy, quality,
safety, speed and timely completion of a project.
Productivity directly influences profitability. Using a machine that does not have enough
capacity will slow down productivity. Using a machine with too large capacity might increase
productivity to some extent, but will ultimately negatively affect profitability, because of the
cost of operation of the oversized machine.
Almost 15-30% of total project cost has been accounted towards equipment and machinery.

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ROLE OF HEAVY CONSTRUCTION EQUIPEMENT

In Case of major construction projects, the speed of work and the timely completion of work is
very important. The proper use of the appropriate equipment contribute to economy, quality,
safety, speedy and timely completion of the project
Construction of projects requires heavy equipment or ‘‘big iron’’ to assist many of the work
activities. At the start of the 21st century, construction accounted for approximately 10% of the
U.S. gross national product and employed approximately 4.5 million people. Heavy construction
equipment is one of the primary reasons construction has reached this status. In fact, the role
of heavy construction equipment today is ‘‘mission critical’’ and indirectly influences the quality
of our lives every day.
It has been taken into consideration that the manual methods of construction cannot achieve
the desired quality of earthwork in construction of formation.
Precession of implementation is done by using modern construction equipment equipped with
software control.
15-30% of total project cost has been accounted towards equipment and machinery.
The cost of construction equipment for civil engineering construction projects ranges from 25 %
to 40 % of the total project.

ROLE OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT IN PAKISTAN

These days there has been a revolutionary change taking place in the construction industry of
Pakistan. There was a time when contractors used to break stones by hand into pieces to make
roads. These roads however were not up to the mark. Nowadays, construction machineries are
being imported from different countries. This has helped the construction industry to grow as
work of weeks can be done in days, all thanks to the modern machinery. It is common to see
machineries like bulldozers, excavators etc. operating in construction sites.
The construction industry is playing an important role in economic growth of Pakistan. Recent
estimates published in the Economic Survey of Pakistan show that the industry grew 9.1% in
FY17 and contributed 2.7% to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP).BMI Research has
also provided a healthy growth outlook for the sector, putting it at 11.8% annually from 2016-20
and 9.1% over 2016-25.
These days there is a mechanized construction with modern machines and techniques
everywhere. Government has also appreciated this effort of contractors and has started giving
contracts to only those firms which have modern machineries. In the construction industry of
Pakistan, these machines now become a profitable business and have opened new avenues for

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the construction industry. Pakistanis moving at a fast pace towards international quality
construction projects. During the last couple of years, the construction projects have been
completed in time and also in a cost effective manner. New machineries come with new
technologies and working methods that can further enhance the quality and speed of
construction work. Even today, a number of Japanese firms are working in different construction
projects in Pakistan just because the local companies do not have the modern technology to
complete the projects in less time and in a small budget with maximum efficiency
According to industry sources, the construction machinery sub-sector holds an approximate
market share of 45% of the overall construction market. During FY 2015-16, this sub-sector,
which has a market size of approximately $2.4 billion, increased by approximately 6% as
compared to the last fiscal year.

ADVANTAGES OF UTILIZING CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY/EQUIPMENT

 Increase the rate of output through work progress with the best effective and efficient
methods.
 Reduce the overall construction costs especially for large contracts.
 Carry out activities which cannot be done manually or to do them more economically
and much faster.
 Eliminate the heavy manual work by human thus reducing fatigue and eliminates various
other hazards and health issues.
 Maintain the planned rate of production where there is a shortage of skilled or unskilled
labor.
 Maintain the high quality standards often required by present-day design and
specifications (technical standards).

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EQUIPMENT SELECTION

The following basic relationships exist for equipment selection:

 As equipment productivity increases so does the initial purchase price, operating, and
maintenance costs.

 As equipment capacity increases, so does the hourly production.

 As equipment productivity increases, the unit cost ($/cubic yard, $/square foot, $/ton,
$/load) for the work decreases.

SELECTION CRITERIA FOR EARTHWORK EQUIPMENTS

Equipment selection is typically company-specific and directly influenced by specific project and
financial considerations. Equipment needs are further influenced by the complexity and
uniqueness of a specific work activity. Contractors typically stretch the versatility of a piece of
equipment by using it for multiple types of work. The goal is always to match the best hourly
cost to the required production for the work activity.
The selection of earthmoving equipment is mainly dependent on the following factors:
 Quantities of material to be moved
 The available time to complete the work the job conditions
 The prevailing soil types, the swell and compaction factors, etc.
 The job conditions include factors such as availability of loading and dumping area,
accessibility of site, traffic flows and weather conditions at site.
In order to plan the number of Earthwork Equipment needed, the planner first determines the
following:
 The suitable class of equipment for earthwork-
for example, if the soil to be excavated is loose and marshy, and bulk excavation is
involved in the project, one may opt for a dragline.
 The appropriate model of equipment based on different characteristics such as payload
of bucket and speeds required.
For example, draglines come in different capacities ranging from 0.38 cum to 3.06 cum;
scrapers in capacities ranging from 8 cum to 50 cum and so on.
 The number of equipment needed for the project to carry out the given quantity. The
number of associated equipment required to support the main equipment

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FACTORS FOR THE SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

1. Economic Considerations
2. Company-Specific
3. Site-Specific
4. Equipment-Specific
5. Client And Project-Specific
6. Manufacturer-Specific
7. Labor Consideration

1. The economic considerations such as owning costs, operating labor costs and operating
fuel costs of equipment are most important in selection of equipment.
Besides, the resale value, the replacement costs of existing equipment, and the salvage
value associated with the equipment are also important.
2. The selection of equipment by a company may be governed by its policy on 'owning' or
'renting’. While emphasis on 'owning' may result in purchase of equipment keeping in
mind the future requirement of projects, the emphasis on 'renting' may lead to putting
too much focus on short-term benefits.
3. Site conditions-both ground conditions as well as climatic conditions-may affect the
equipment-selection decision.
For example, the soil and profile of a site may dictate whether to go for a crawler-
mounted equipment or a wheel-mounted equipment. If there is a power line at or in the
vicinity of site, one may go for a fixed-base kind of equipment rather than a mobile kind
of equipment.
4. Construction equipment come with high price tags. While it may be tempting to go for
the equipment with low initial price, it is preferable to opt for standard equipment.
Such equipment are manufactured in large numbers by the manufacturers, and their
spare parts are easily available, which would ensure minimum downtime. Besides, they
can also fetch good salvage money at the time of their disposal.
5. The owner/client in a certain project may have certain preferences that are not in line
with the construction company's preferred policies as far as equipment procurement is
concerned. The schedule, quality and safety requirements demanded of a particular
project may in some cases force the company to yield to the demands of the client.
6. A construction company may prefer to buy equipment from the same manufacturer
again and again, and that too from a specific dealer. This may be to bring in uniformity in
the equipment fleet possessed by the company or because the company is familiar with
the working style of the manufacturer and the dealer.
7. Shortage of manpower in some situations may lead to a decision in favor of procuring
equipment that is highly automated. Further, the selection of equipment may be
governed by the availability or non-availability of trained manpower.

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EQUIPMENT/MACHINERY ACQUISITION

A construction company can acquire a construction plant and equipment through:

1. Cash or outright purchase

2. Renting
3. Leasing

1. Buying or financing equipment is most sensible if the equipment is essential to your core
fleet and expected to provide reliable service for a long time. If you decide it's worth the
large outlay of funds to buy or finance equipment, you'll find owning equipment can
provide long-term tax benefits--principally from deduction of interest expense and
depreciation of equipment.
 If the equipment purchased by the contractor becomes obsolete or if another
equipment is available with superior performance, the contractor cannot take advantage
of such situation.
 The sum invested for purchase of equipment will be blocked and cannot be available for
another purpose.
 The disposal of equipment after the project completion becomes difficult due to
modernization of machinery.
 The owned equipment may be utilized by the contractor beyond its economic life,
thereby reducing his profit.
 The purchased equipment remains idle during the period of no work.

2. Renting entails a short-term agreement or contract to use capital equipment weekly or

monthly, with the rental rate decreasing as the term lengthens.
Following are some other popular reasons for renting equipment:
• To fill in for peak periods, special projects, or broken machinery
• To try out equipment before buying or leasing it
• To lessen the risk of purchasing costly equipment that won’t be needed later.

3. Leasing can be an attractive option if you use the equipment frequently but don’t have
the resources to purchase equipment outright or make an adequate down payment.
However, leasing carries higher interest rates and contractors usually are responsible for
the insurance and personal property taxes on the equipment being leased.

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Advantages of Hiring

• The equipment could be rented as and when required for a calculated period of
time.
• The hiring agencies are responsible for repair, replacements and even operation
depending on the contractual terms.
• On completion of the hiring period, the executing agency would be liability-free
of the rented items.
• The sum to be invested for the purchase of equipment can be diverted to the
other projects.
• There is no fear of obsolescence of equipment and full advantage of rented
equipment can be taken by the contractor.

CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

1. Earth-moving equipment

2. Hauling equipment
3. Hoisting equipment
4. Conveying equipment
5. Aggregate and concrete production equipment
6. Pile-driving equipment
7. Tunneling and rock drilling equipment
8. Pumping and dewatering equipment
9. Dredging equipment

EQUIPMENT/MACHINERY USED IN HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

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Road construction has two major heads:

A. Road works/Earthworks
B. Drainage and Erosion Works. (Concrete and masonry)

A. Machinery used for Road Works/Earthworks:

1. Equipment used for Survey

 Total Stations
 Automatic level
 Global Positioning System
 Compasses
 Measuring tape

2. Equipment used for soil Excavation and earth moving.

Excavation only
 Hydraulic Excavator and Jack Hammer on Excavator
 Power Shovel
 Back Hoe
 Drag Line
 Clam Shell
Excavation and moving
 Scrapers
 Bull Dozers
 Tractors

3. Equipment used for site clearance, stripping and grubbing .

 Scrapers
 Bull Dozers
 Tractor
4. Equipment used for Subgrade preparation .
 Bull Dozers
 Tractors
 Graders
 Roller
 Dumper
5. Equipment used for Embankment formation.
 Hydraulic Excavator
 Power Shovel
 Scrapers

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 Dumper
 Grader
 Roller
6. Equipment used for Sub-base and Aggregate Base course.
 Front End loader
 Crush Plant
 Dumper
 Grader
 Roller
7. Equipment used for Asphalt works
 Asphalt plant
 Dumpers
 Asphalt paver
 Bitumen sprayer
 Rollers

B. Machinery used for Concrete Works:

1. Equipment used for concrete works in flexible pavement

2. Equipment used for concrete works in Rigid Pavement

 Crush Plant
 Concrete Batching Plant
 Concrete Pavers
 Mixing Machines
 Transit Mixer
 Vibrators

OPERATIONS INVOLVED IN A CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

 Excavation
 Digging of large quantities of earth
 Moving them to distances which are sometimes fairly long
 Placement

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 Compacting
 Leveling
 Dozing
 Grading
 Hauling

SOIL EXCAVATION
It includes:

 Excavation in Hard rock (Any rock which cannot be removed with Ripper of a 200 H.P
Bulldozer)
 Excavation in medium rock (Any rock which cannot be removed with the blade of 200
H.P. Bulldozer but can be removed by the ripper)

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 Excavation in soft rock (Any rock which can be removed with the blade of a 200 H.P.
Bulldozer)
 Excavation in common material (can be removed with excavator)

DRILLING AND BLASTING EQUIPEMNT (Hard Rock)

 Dipper: Used to drill blasting hole to required depth
 Jumper: used to make blast hole and more effective in boring a near vertical hole.
 Priming needle: used to maintain the hole while tamping is done and is in the form of
thin
Copper rod with a loop at one end
 Scraping spoon: used to remove dust of crushed stone from blast hole.
 Tamping bar: used to tamp the material while refilling a blast hole.

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BULL DOZERS

Bulldozer, which pushes earth and medium rocks with a blade installed at the
machine’s front end. Large- sized crawler dozers normally have a set of claws
called a ripper that is installed at the machine’s rear end and can crush a
medium and soft rock. The heavy blade attached to the tractor pushes the soft
material from one place to another. If the distance that the dirt must be moved
is less than about 500’ then a bulldozer or loader might be used.

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Classification of Bull dozers:

1. Based on Position of blades
a) Bull dozers in which the blade perpendicular to the direction of movement
b) Angle dozers in which the blade is set at an angle with the direction of movement.
2. Based on mountings
a) Wheel mounted
b) Crawler mounted

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3. Based on the control

a) Cable controlled
b) Hydraulically controlled

Applications
Bull dozers are mainly used for the following operations
1. For spreading the earth fill
2. For opening up pilot roads through mountainous and rocky terrains.
3. Clearing construction sites.
4. Maintaining haul roads
5. Clearing land from the trees and stumps
6. back-filling trenches at construction sites by dragging the earth from one place to
another

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D6

D8K

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D155

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Hydraulic Excavators/Jack Hammers

Excavators are machines with multiple uses. Excavate all types of earth except rock. Jack
Hammer is used for rock cut. They are primarily used for digging, demolition, forestry work,
grading, landscaping, heavy lifting, and brush cutting. The important features on these heavy
pieces of equipment are hydraulic powered motors or rams, sealed cab on rotating platform,
head attachments (such as a bucket), which are used for different purposes. These attachments
can change the functionality of the machine instantly from a trench digger to a logger. The
rotating platform adds convenience for other machinery. For example a dump truck can be
located directly behind the excavator and it can still easily deposit material by swinging around
on a 180 degree pivot.
Excavator is typically used to dig, or load earth. The scraper and bulldozer are examples of
machines that excavate and move earth. However, they would not be very effective for digging a
square hole 30-ft deep.
Excavators dig below grade or below the tires or tracks of the digging machine. Typically the
deeper the hole, the bigger the machine required (unless possibly the soil is non-cohesive like
sand). The optimum digging depth for a boom and arm is about 60 to 70% of the machine’s
reach below grade. To dig a trench 10’ deep, the excavator would have a rated digging depth of
about 17’.

Ex-200

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Ex-300

Ex-600

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Jack Hammer

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BACK HOE

Also known as hoe, back shovel and pull shovel

• It is used to excavate below the natural surface on which it rests.
• Generally used to excavate trenches, pits for basements and also for grading works, which
requires precise control of depths.
• The basic parts are boom, Jack boom, Boom foot drum, Boom sheave, Stick sheave, Stick,
Bucket and Bucket sheave

 It is the most suitable machine for digging below the machine level, such as, trenches,
footings, basements etc.
 It can be efficiently used to dress or trim the surface avoiding the use of manual effort
for dressing the excavated the surface

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POWER SHOVEL

They are capable of excavating all classes of earth, except solid rock, without prior loosening,
like in quarries, mines in any road projects etc.
 Power shovels are considered as basic tool for excavating the materials and loading.
 They may be mounted on crawler tracks, in which case they are referred to as crawler
mounted shovels. Such shovels have very low travel speeds.
 However, they may be mounted on rubber-tired wheels.
 Single-engine self-propelled units are powered and operated from excavator cab. The
non-self-propelled units mounted on the rear of tracks, which are referred to as truck
mounted, have separate engines for operating them.
 Size varies from 0.375cum to 5cum.
 Basics parts of power shovel including the track system, cabin, cables, rack, stick, boom
foot-pin, saddle block, boom, boom point sheaves and bucket.
 Suitable for close range of work
 Capable of digging very hard materials, can remove big sized boulders.
 It is used in various types of jobs such as digging in gravel banks, clay pits, digging cuts in
road works, road-side berms, etc.

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DRAG LINE

A dragline excavator is especially useful when there is need for extended reach in excavating or
when material must be excavated from underwater. The drag line is so name because of its
prominent operation of dragging the bucket against the material to be dug.

 Unlike the shovel, it has a long light crane boom and the bucket is loosely attached to
the boom through cables.
 Because of this construction, a dragline can dig and dump over larger distances than a
shovel can do.
 Drag lines are useful for digging below its track level and handling softer materials.
 The basic parts of a drag line including the boom, hoist cable, drag cable, hoist chain,
drag chain and bucket.
 It is the most suitable machine for dragging softer material and below its track level
 It is very useful for excavating trenches when the sides are permitted to establish their
angle of repose without shoring.
 It has long reaches.
 It is mostly used in the excavation for canals and depositing on the embankment
without hauling units.

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SCRAPER
Scrapers are designed to load, haul, and dump loose material. If the distance is 350’ to 500’ but
less than about 2 miles, then a scraper might be used. The scraper can excavate, haul, and
dump. They are a compromise between a bulldozer, an excavator, and a dump truck. Scrapers
are articulated, tractor powered, and pull a bowl that holds the soil.

 They can be used for a wide variety of material types and are economical for a range of
haul distances and conditions. The greatest advantage is their versatility.
 self-operating machine
 It is not dependent on other equipment.
 Wheels of machine cause some compaction.
 The basic parts of scrapers are the bowl, apron and tail gate or ejector.

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LOADERS
If the soil must be moved far than 2 miles, then the best choice is to use front-end loaders to
load the excavated soil into dump trucks and haul it to another location. Loaders are not very
effective for excavating, but are great for carrying or loading excavated soil one bucket at a time.
A loader (also known as: bucket/ frontend/pay/scoop/skip/wheel loader and or shovel.) is a
type of tractor, usually wheeled, sometimes on tracks, that has a front mounted square wide
bucket connected to the end of two booms (arms) to scoop up loose material from the ground,
such as dirt, sand or gravel, and move it from one place to another without pushing the material
across the ground.

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GRADERS
A grader, also commonly referred to as a road grader, a blade, a maintainer, or a motor grader, is
a construction machine with a long blade used to create a flat surface. Typical models have
three axles with the engine and cab situated above the rear axles at one end of the vehicle and
a third axle at the front end of the vehicle, with the blade in between. Some construction
personnel refer to the entire machine as "the blade."
In civil engineering, the grader's purpose is to "finish grade" (refine, set precisely) the "rough
grading" performed by heavy equipment or engineering vehicles such as scrapers and bull
dozers

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ROLLERS

 Smooth-wheel rollers.
 Sheep-foot rollers
 Pneumatic-tyred rollers

Smooth-wheel rollers
 Plain steel rollers
 Self-propelled type
 Weighing from 5 to 15 tones
 Used for ordinary rolling work where deep compaction is not required
 These rollers may have one front and two rear wheels The rear wheels being usually
larger in diameter and the front one being winder.
 CONSTRUCTION
 Weight of rollers may be increased by filling water or sand ballast in hollow cylinder.
 These rollers are effective in compacting granular soils, such as sand, gravel and crushed
stone.

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Sheep-foot rollers
 For compacting earth work in embankments and canals (where compaction deep into
the layer of the earth is required)
 These gives best result in compaction when the soil is clay or predominantly cohesive
and impervious.
 The sheep foot rollers may weigh up to 15 tons or more
 Travel at a speed of 25 kmph
 As roller moves over the surface, the feet penetrate the soil to produce a kneading
action and a pressure to mix and compact the soil from bottom to top layer.
 With repeated passages of the roller, the penetration of feet decreases

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Pneumatic-tyred rollers
 It consists a base or a platform mounted between two axles.
 The rear of which has one more wheel than the front.
 Most suitable for compacting fine-grained soil and well graded sands.
 Ballasting is done using either water, sand or pig iron in order to increase the self-
weight.

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DUMPERS
 These are used for earth moving purpose.
 The selection of the type of dump trucks for a specific job depend on the soil condition.

(a) Side or rear dump trucks.

 These are heavy duty trucks with strongly built body which is hinged on the truck
chassis at the rear end and one side respectively, and can be fitted to the rear in the case
of rear dump and to the hinged side in case of the side dump, through the action of
hydraulic jacks.
 These trucks are suitable for use in hauling wet clay, sand, gravel, quarry rocks etc.

Side dump truck

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Rear dump truck

(b) Bottom dump trucks

 These are similar to semi-trailers in which their front is supported on the rear of the
hauling tractor and their rear is resting on their own wheels.
 The body of the truck remains in the same position and the discharge of the material
takes place through its bottom after opening of two longitudinal gates.
 The gates are hinged to the side of the body.
 These trucks are suitable for use in hauling free flowing material, such as, sand, gravel,
dry earth, hard clay etc.

BOTTOM DUMP TRUCK

ASPHALT PLANT
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Hot Mix Plant or Asphalt Drum Mix Plant is equipment for producing good quality of hot mix for
flexible pavement construction. The ingredients of the hot mix in required proportion are
continuously fed to the rotating drum in drying & mixing zones and the discharge end of the
drum delivers continuous output of the hot mix. The main ingredients of hot mix are virgin cold
aggregates of different grades, asphalt (bitumen) and mineral fillers. The output capacity of this
plant varies from 30 TPH to 120 TPH (Tone per hour).
In this the cold aggregates of different grades which are stored in the multiple feeder bins are
transferred in required proportion to the primary section of the rotary drum through slinger
conveyor. The burner fitted on the in feed side of the drum produce appropriate flame to
remove the moisture from the aggregates and heat the dried aggregates to the desired
temperature in the primary section of the drum.
The hot aggregates then travel down the secondary section where they are mixed & coated with
the asphalt & filler material. The asphalt and filler material are pumped in the secondary section
in predetermined proportion from asphalt tank and mineral filler unit respectively. These hot
mix from the drum is then transferred to truck through load out conveyor. The heavy dust is
collected by the multi cone type dust collector and the exhaust is passed through wet scrubber
type pollution control unit before letting it to the atmosphere.

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ASPHALT PAVER

Screed and the tractors are the two major constituents of asphalt pavers. Material is discharged
from the lorry in a tipping action. The width of the screed is adjustable. The important
constituents of the tractor are hopper, conveyor, distribution augur etc. Asphalt pavers are of
two types - asphalt crawler paver and wheeled paver.

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BATCHING PLANT
A concrete batching and mixing plant is a huge set up of machines meant to combine cement,
aggregates such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete (ready-mixed). These plants are
either mobile or stationary and their sizes range from portable mixer to heavy industrial mixing
plant.
Stationary plant mixer mixes the concrete before it is discharged into a truck mixer. Revolving
drums, conveyor and diesel or electric powered engines are used in this plant. The truck mixer is
used primarily as an agitating haul unit at a central mix operation. Dump trucks or other non-
agitating units are sometimes used for low slump and mass concrete pours supplied by central
mix plants.
Apart from stationary concrete plant mixer, mobile concrete mixing plant is also very popular
and widely used. Mobile concrete mixer plant is a unit mounted on a trailer which carries
sufficient unmixed materials, such as cement, sand, coarse aggregates, water, and any chemicals
required, for special mix specifications to the job site. In this type of plant cement, sand and
aggregates are carried in separate bins. The materials mixed proportionately are mixed with
water and then discharged through the conveyor system.

Static Batching Plant

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Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant

Jobsite Concrete Static Mixer Concrete Static Mixer jobsite

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TRANSIT TRUCK MIXER

The hydrostatic truck mixer transports concrete/mortar directly from plant to the place where it
is to be poured. Concrete mixer with various capacities like 3, 4 and 6 cum is mounted on truck.
It has a wide range of applications specially for mass concreting works like Multi-storeyed
buildings, Bridge works etc. The basic function of transit mixer is to maintain the concrete's
liquid state, through the turning of the drum till the point of delivering at construction site

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AGGREGATE CRUSH PLANT

Crushing plants are the huge assembly of machines designed to recycle and reprocess the
rubbles of buildings, roads, or other materials into commercially sized aggregate for use as base
materials or other value-added applications such as ballast for railway track.
Crushing plants are either static assemblies or mobile assemblies and consist of different arrays
of equipments like screens, pre-screener, intake hopper, magnetic separator, conveyor both
undersized and oversized, loading conveyor and crushing units like jaw crusher, cone crusher
etc. They find their applications in Road Construction; Building Construction; Construction of
over bridges; Construction of pavements and paths etc.

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CONCRETE PAVERS
Concrete lining paver is widely used for pavement of canal, Airport Apron & Runway roads,
Flooring, Reservoir, Bridges etc. It consists of sturdy frame structure made from plates, pipes &
angles etc. The frames are normally made in length of 1220mm, 1830, 2440mm & 3660mm for
easy handling. It consists of two hydraulic power pack units, one is at fix console from where the
operator operates the machine & another is traveling unit i.e. undercarriage. Each unit is
equipped with electric motor.
The complete frame (according to the required length) is mounted on 4 Nos. heavy duty
mechanical jacks which used for leveling of the machine. The four jacks are fitted on structure
which carried 2 set of rollers i.e. 4 bogies runs on rail.
The fix console is fitted at one end from where the operator controls long travel speed & drum
bogie operation. It is equipped with 10 H.P. electric motor and power pack. The undercarriage
also consists of power pack unit equipped with 15 H.P. electric motor which operates drum,
groove cutter, drum vibration.
The function of concrete lining paver is to finish the laid concrete in desired thickness & prepare
a level finished concrete layer.

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HIGHWAY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT