MATERIAL SCIENCE

Test booklet MECHANICAL – MATERIAL SCIENCE

Date : June 1, 2016
Time : 11 AM to 12:30 PM

A
Test Duration (Minutes) : 90
No of questions : 80
No of Pages (Including : 14
cover sheet)

Instructions to the Candidate

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 𝟐
1. If a matrix A is such that A = [−𝟒] [𝟏 𝟗 𝟓] then the determinant of A is equal to
𝟕
a. 1
b. 0
c. Can`t be determined
d. None of the above

2. At equilibrium, the maximum number of phases that can coexist in a ternary system at constant
pressure is
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

3. Metals which can be plastically deformed very easily have unit cells of
a. BCC structure
b. FCC structure
c. HCP structure
d. Simple Cubic Structure

4. Match the reaction in Column I with its name in Column II.

L – liquid, α, β, γ – different solid solution phases

a. P-1, Q-4, R-3

b. P-2, Q-1, R-4
c. P-2, Q-3, R-1
d. P-4, Q-2, R-3

5. An allotropic material has

a. Fixed structure at all temperature
b. Atoms distributed in random pattern
c. Different crystal structures at different temperature
d. Fixed structure but random atom distribution

6. What is the movement of block of atoms along certain crystallographic plane and directions termed as?
a. Glide
b. Twinning
c. Slip
d. Jog

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 7. For the tensile stress-strain curve of a material shown in the schematic, the resilience (in MPa) is

a. 3.6
b. 1.8
c. 8.7
d. 4.3

8. Creep in metals is defined as

a. The maximum energy a solid can absorb elastically
b. The maximum energy a solid can absorb by plastic deformation
c. The stress at which plastic deformation starts
d. Slow plastic deformation due to diffusion of atoms usually at high temperature (T > half the
melting point)

9. Match List -1 (Crystal Structure) with List-2 (Atomic packing factor) and select the correct answer using
the codes given below in the list
List – I List – II
A. Simple cubic 1. 74%
B. Body centered cubic 2. 74%
C. Face centered cubic 3. 52%
D. Hexagonal closed packed 4. 68%

A B C D
a. 3 4 2 1
b. 4 3 2 1
c. 3 4 1 2
d. 4 3 1 2

10. Which one of the pairs is not correctly matched?

a. Point defect in crystal lattice – Self interstitial
b. Linear defect in crystal lattice – Grain boundary
c. Planar defect in crystal lattice – External surface
d. Volume defect in crystal lattice – Other phases

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 11. During tensile testing of a specimen using universal testing machine, the parameters actually measured
are
a. True stress and True strain
b. Poisson’s ration and Young’s modulus
c. Engineering stress and engineering strain
d. Load and elongation

12. Materials which show direction dependent properties are called

a. Homogeneous
b. Viscoelastic
c. Isotropic
d. Anisotropic

13. Jominy end quench test is carried out to determine

a. Recrystallization temperature of steel
b. Glass transition temperature of a material
c. Hardenability of steel
d. Hardness of steel

14. In a triclinic unit cell

a. α = β = ϒ = 900
b. α = β = ϒ = 1200
c. α = β = 900 ≠ ϒ
d. α ≠ β ≠ ϒ ≠ 900

15. What is the diameter of the largest sphere in terms of lattice parameter a, which will fit the void at the
centre of the cube edge of a BCC crystal?
a. 0.134a
b. 0.25a
c. 0.433a
d. 0.5a

16. The effective number of lattice points in the unit cell of simple cubic, body centered cubic and face
centered space lattices, respectively are
a. 1,2,2
b. 1,2,4
c. 2,3,4
d. 2,4,4

17. Shock resisting steel should have higher

a. Stiffness
b. Hardness
c. Toughness
d. Shear Strength

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 18. Atomic packing factor (APF) in the case of copper crystal is
a. 0.52
b. 0.68
c. 0.74
d. 1.633

19. During peritectic solidification, one liquid

a. Combines with one solid to form a second new solid
b. Solidifies into two different solids
c. Forms one solid
d. Forms one solid and another liquid

20. Aluminium crystal structure is

a. FCC
b. BCC
c. HCP
d. None of these

21. A typical Fe3C alloy containing greater than 0.8%C is known as

a. Eutectoid steel
b. Hypoeutectoid steel
c. Hypereutectoid steel
d. Mild Steel

22. The iron carbon diagram and the TTT curves are determined under
a. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions respectively
b. Non-equilibrium and equilibrium conditions respectively
c. Equilibrium conditions for bot
d. Non-equilibrium conditions for both

23. Stokes Theorem connects

a. A line integral and surface integral
b. A surface integral and volume integral
c. A line integral and volume integral
d. Gradient of a surface and its surface integral

24. Line imperfection in a crystal is called

a. Miller defect
b. Frenkel Defect
c. Schottky defect
d. Edge Dislocation

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 25. Match the heat treatment processes of steels given in group 1 with the microstructural feature given in
Group 2:
Group 1 Group 2
P. Quenching 1. Bainite
Q. Normalizing 2. Martensite
R. Tempering 3. Pearlite
S. Austempering 4. Iron carbide precipitates
5. Intermetallic precipitates

P Q R S
a. 2 3 4 1
b. 3 4 5 1
c. 4 1 5 3
d. 2 5 4 3

26. During normalizing of steel, the specimen is heated

a. Between the upper and lower critical temperature and cooled in still air
b. Above the upper critical temperature and cooled in furnace
c. Above the upper critical temperature and cooled in still air
d. Between the upper and lower critical temperature and cooled in furnace

27. When 1% carbon steel is slowly cooled from molten state to 7400C the resulting structure will contain
a. Austenite and Ferrite
b. Austenite and Cementite
c. Ferrite and Cementite
d. Pearlite and Cementite

28. Tool steels are quenched and tempered to impart

a. High hardness
b. High toughness
c. Combined hardness and toughness
d. High strength

29. In a binary system of A and B, a liquid of 20% A (80% B) is coexisting with a solid of 70% A (30% B). For
an overall composition having 40% A, the fraction of solid is
a. 0.40
b. 0.50
c. 0.60
d. 0.75

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 30. In the phase diagram shown in the figure, four samples of the same composition are heated to
temperatures marked by a, b, c and d

At which temperature will a sample get solutionized the fastest?

a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d

31. A mixture of chemical compounds or elements that have a single chemical composition and solidifies at
the lowest temperature than any other composition made up of the same ingredients.
a. Phase balanced system
b. Eutectic system
c. Binary thermally balanced system
d. Intrinsic system

32. The essential ingredient of any hardened steel is

a. Austenite
b. Pearlite
c. Martensite
d. Cementite

33. A material is dimensionally stable at room temperature if its glass transition temperature (T g) is
a. Below room temperature
b. Just above room temperature
c. Equal to room temperature
d. Well above room temperature

34. Precipitation hardening is applicable for

a. Pure aluminium
b. Low carbon steel
c. Non-metal
d. Aluminium – copper alloy

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 35. Which of the following regions of electromagnetic spectrum would be used to determine the structure
of crystalline solids?
a. Microwave
b. Infrared
c. X-Ray
d. Visible

36. Time dependent recoverable deformation under load is called ___________ deformation.
a. Elastic
b. Anelastic
c. Elastic after effect
d. Visco elastic

𝒅𝒚
37. The solution for the differential equation 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 𝒚 with condition that y=1 at x=0 is
𝟏
a. y = 𝒆𝟐𝒙
𝒙𝟑
b. ln(y) = 𝟑
+𝟒
𝒙𝟐
c. ln(y) =𝟐
𝒙𝟑
d. y = 𝒆 𝟑

38. Following is wrong about a phase diagram.

a. It gives information on transformation rates
b. Relative amount of different phases can be found under given equilibrium conditions
c. It indicates the temperature at which different phases start to melt
d. Solid solubility limits are depicted by it

39. Not a Hume-Ruthery condition:

a. Crystal structure of each element of solid solution must be the same
b. Size of atoms of each two elements must not differ by more than 15%
c. Elements should form compounds with each other
d. Elements should have the same valence

40. Stainless steel is so called because of its

a. High strength
b. High corrosion resistance
c. High ductility
d. Brittleness

41. Not a characteristic property of ceramic material

a. high temperature stability
b. high mechanical strength
c. low elongation
d. low hardness

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 42. The process of reheating the martensitic steel to reduce its brittleness without any significant loss in its
hardness is
a. Normalizing
b. Annealing
c. Quenching
d. Tempering

43. Austempering of steel is done for obtaining

a. Bainite structure
b. Martensitic structure
c. Austenitic structure
d. Ferritic structure

44. Most commercial glasses consist of

a. Lime
b. Soda
c. Silica
d. All

45. One of characteristic properties of polymer material __________

a. High temperature stability
b. High mechanical strength
c. High elongation
d. Low hardness

46. Elastic deformation in polymers is due to _____________

a. Slight adjust of molecular chains
b. Slippage of molecular chains
c. Straightening of molecular chains
d. Severe of Covalent bonds

47. Usually softer constituent of a composite is

a. Matrix
b. Reinforcement
c. Both are of equal strength
d. Can’t define

48. Mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites depend on

a. Properties of constituents
b. Interface strength
c. Fiber length, orientation, and volume fraction
d. All the above

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 49. Difficult to monitor and very dangerous form of corrosion
a. Galvanic
b. Pitting
c. Crevice
d. Stress

50. FRP is a
a. Thermoplastic
b. Thermoset
c. Composite
d. Elastomer

51. Two coins are simultaneously tossed. The probability of two heads simultaneously appearing is
a. 1/8
b. 1/6
c. 1/4
d. 1/2

52. Which of the following statement(s) are true?

a. Thermoplastic polymers have crossed linked chain structure
b. Thermosetting polymers have covalent bonded three dimensional structure
c. Polyethylene is a thermosetting polymer
d. Thermosetting polymers harden on heating and soften on cooling

53. Which one of the following method is best suited for converting austenite steel into very fine pearlite
steel
a. Oil quenching
b. Water quenching
c. Air cooling
d. Furnace cooling

54. Electrical switches made out of thermoset material are produced by

a. Compression moulding
b. Transfer moulding
c. Injection moulding
d. Vacuum Forming

55. Ageing of aluminium alloy leads to

a. Loss of hardness with time
b. Loss of toughness with time
c. Increase in hardness with time
d. Appearance of the oxide scales

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 56. Which one of the following defects is Schottky defect?
a. Vacancy defect
b. Compositional defect
c. Interstitial defect
d. Surface defect

57. Which one of the following is not a ceramic?

a. Alumina
b. Porcelain
c. Whisker
d. Pyrosil

58. Eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are always

a. Positive
b. Negative
c. Real
d. Imaginary

59. Nano composite materials are highly preferable in design considerations for their
a. High resistance to crack propagation
b. Vibration resistance
c. Impact resistance
d. High Resilience

60. Sialon ceramic is used as

a. Cutting tool material
b. Creep resistance
c. Furnace Linens
d. High strength

61. Addition of vanadium to steels results in improvement of

a. Heat treatability by quenching
b. Hardenability
c. Fatigue strength
d. Resistance to oxidation at elevated temperature

62. The structure of austenite is

a. Body centered cubic
b. Face centered cubic
c. Hexagonal closed packed
d. Body centered tetragonal

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 63. A measure of Rockwell hardness is the
a. Depth of penetration of indenter
b. Surface area of indentation
c. Projected area of indentation
d. Height of rebound

64. With the increase of percentage of carbon in the steel, which one of the following properties does
increase?
a. Modulus of elasticity
b. Ductility
c. Toughness
d. Hardness

65. For solving algebraic and transcendental equation which one of the following is used?
a. Coulomb’s theorem
b. Newton-Raphson method
c. Euler’s method
d. Stokes theorem

66. Increase in ferrite phase in steel increases

a. Strength
b. Hardness
c. Ductility
d. Brittleness

67. In tensile test necking starts at

a. Lower yield point
b. Upper yield point
c. Ultimate tensile stress
d. Proof stress

68. Assertion (A): The characteristic feature of High speed Steel is its red hardness.
Reason (R): Chromium and cobalt in High Speed promote martensite formation when the tool is cold
worked.
a. Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true

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 69. Consider the following statements:
1. Thermoplastics possess a strong intermolecular bonding compared to that of thermosetting plastics.
2. Plastics have a high creep under continuous loading.
3. Embrittlement occurs in plastics at low temperature.
Which of these statements are correct?
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. 1, 2 and 3

70. The material property which depends only on the basic crystal structure is
a. Fatigue strength
b. Work hardening
c. Fracture strength
d. Elastic constant

71. In the atomic hard-sphere model of the crystal structure of Copper, what is the edge length of unit cell?
a. 2 x Atomic radius
b. (4/√3) x Atomic radius
c. 2√2 x Atomic radius
d. √2 x Atomic radius

72. In a eutectic system, two elements are completely

a. Insoluble in solid and liquid states
b. Soluble in liquid state
c. Soluble in solid state
d. Insoluble in liquid state

73. Monel metal is an alloy of

a. Iron and carbon
b. Copper and zinc
c. Aluminium and copper
d. Copper and nickel

74. At a constant atmospheric pressure, the number of phases, P which coexist in a chosen system at
equilibrium, is related to the number of components, C in the system and the degree of freedom, F by
a. P+F=C-2
b. P+F=C+2
c. P+F=C+1
d. P+F=C-1

75. Which one of the following metals is commonly alloyed with iron to improve its corrosion resistance?
a. Co
b. Cr
c. Ti
d. Nb

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 76. As compared to the engineering stress-engineering strain curve, the true stress-true strain curve for a
given material
a. lies above and to the left
b. lies below and to the right
c. crosses the engineering stress-engineering strain curve
d. is identical

77. The following property of a crystalline material depend on crystal defects

a. Density
b. Hardness
c. Yield Strength
d. Elastic Modulus

78. Match the properties in Column I with the options in Column II

a. P-5, Q-1, R-3, S-2

b. P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1
c. P-4, Q-5, R-2, S-1
d. P-5, Q-4, R-3, S-2

79. TTT diagram indicate time temperature and transformation of

a. Cementite
b. Pearlite
c. Ferrite
d. Austenite

80. The coordination number for FCC crystal structure is

a. 4
b. 8
c. 12
d. 16

End of Question Paper

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