Management

Introduction of Management

"Anything minus management is Nothing" Sherlekar and Sherlekar

Management is the art of getting things done through others. Management

means decision making. Management is the process of getting things done
through the agency of a community.

According to Harold Koontz," Management is the art of getting things done

through others and with formally organized groups".
Nature of Management
1. Group Efforts
2. process
3. Art as well as Science
4. Dynamic
5. Intangible
6. Universal Activity.

Objective of Management
1. Utilization of funds
2. Improving performance
3. Mobilizing Best talent
4. Planning for future

Scope of Management
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Coordinating
4. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Controlling

Process of management
1. Planning:- It is a process of deciding in advance that what is to be done, when
and where has to be done, how it is to be done and by whom. Setting the
objective to achieve the goals.
2. Organizing:- It is concerned with the arrangement of organisation resources
what tasks are to be done, Who is to do them, how tasks are to be grouped, who
is to report to whom and where the decisions have to be made.

3. Staffing:- The process by which organisation meet their human resources

including forecasting future requirements, recruiting and selecting candidates and
orienting new employees.

4. Directing:- Directing is guiding and supervising the activities of the

subordinates. It has four parts:-
a) Leadership:- Influences other to act toward the attainment. to do work rhat
the leader wants to do.
b) Motivation:- Any influences that bring out, directs or maintenance.
c) Communication:- The transfer of information and understanding from one
person to another through words, symbols or gestures.
d) Supervision:- Monitor the progress of routine's work of one's subordinate .

5. Controlling:- The function of management concerned with the monetary

employees activities keeping the organization on track towards its goals and
making correction as required.
a) Setting standards of performance
b) Measuring actual performance.
c) Comparing actual performance to standard
d) Taking corrective actions.

Leadership with its theories

Leadership with its theories
"Leadership transforms the potential into reality". - Keith Davis

A leader is an individual who exercise is influence on all the persons in the group
in such a manner as to make them work with complete enthusiasm and confidence
and to their fullest capacity for the attainment of the objective of the enterprise.
such qualities of a leader are called leadership.
Leadership:- It refers to influence others in such a manner to do work what the
leader wants them to do. It defines as ability to influence people towards
accomplishment of organization goals.

Theories of leadership:-

1. Trait Theory:- Leadership ability in a particular person depends on his special

individual qualities. This theory believes that Leadership ability is inborn and it
cannot be achieved by making any efforts.
Stogdill divided it into 5 parts according to qualities
1. Physical Traits
2. Intelligence And Ability traits
3. Personality Traits
4. Task related traits
5. social traits

Criticism
1. Lack of uniformity
2. Ignorance about situation
3. Unclarity about the Degree of Traits.

2. Situation Theory:- when we take the decision according to the situation .

Management By Objective
" Involvement Lead to Commitment"
MBO literally means management on the basis of objectives. Peter F. Drucker is
the father of this point of view of management. He explained his point of view in
1954 in his book " the practice of management".

According to Peter F. Drucker," Management by objective is regarded as a system

for improving performance, both of the individual manager's and the enterprise
as a whole, by setting of objectives at the corporate, departmental and individual
manager's level".
Features:-
1. Goal oriented
2. Integration
3. Match the resources
4. Result oriented
5. Performance Appraisa
Advantage:-
1. Incentive for subordinates.
2. Improvement in communication network
3. Better management of resources and activities.
4. Encourages Innovations
5. No imposed control.

McGregor's theory X and theory Y

McGregor's Theory X And Theory Y
Theory X :- Manager believe that if workers are left alone they don't like working.
they are forced to do the work by motivation like praise and incentives. When you
deal with labors, you have to apply this theory.

Assumption:-
1. Dislike work or avoid work
2. They feel punished.
3. They avoid responsibility.
4. Negative view of nature.

Theory Y:- Manager believe that workers are happy to do the work, only if works
are assigned according to their interest and ability. Managers will be more open
to their suggestion and help them to try initiatives.

Assumption:-
1. Committed towards work
2. Willing to take responsibility.
3. Ability to make good decision.