2017

Work and Energy

Engr. Usman Varsi

UET Lahore
www.varsi.me
Chapter 4: WORK AND ENERGY SHORT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q1: A person holds a bag of groceries while standing still, talking to a

friend. A car is stationary with the engine running. From the stand point
of work, how are these two situations similar?
Answer: The theory of work requires the effect of force as displacement. In both of
these cases, there is no displacement in any direction. Hence there is no work being
done.

        ‫     ر‬          ، ‫   ر‬            ‫م       دو ں    ر ں‬      ‫ر‬

 ‫ر۔‬

‫    ۔‬             ‫  م     وا‬    ‫   ا ل‬  
Q2: Calculate the work done in kilo joules in lifting a mass of 10 kg (at
steady velocity) through a vertical height of 10 m.
Given Data: 10 kg
Mass =

Height =

Required:
= =
Work =?

Solution:

Force = = = = 10 × 9.8 = 98

Displacement = = ℎ = 10

Work = . = 98 × 10 = 980

To convert in kilo joules, we divide by 1000

Work = 0.980 kJ

   ‫    ورت       دو ں   د     ۔ وزن‬ ‫    رس اور ڈ‬ ‫  م    ر‬    

 ‫م‬  ‫    ب د       م    ار‬    ‫م      ى‬  ‫   وزن‬  ‫ ا   رس ) ت(     اس‬
‫  ۔‬  

Prepared by: Engr Usman Varsi +92 321 77 44 77 8 | www.varsi.me

Chapter 4: WORK AND ENERGY SHORT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q3: A force F acts through a distance L. The force is them increased to

3F, and then acts through a further distance of 2L. Draw the work
diagram to scale.
The work is done in two parts, first with force = F and displacement traveled = L

Then in the second phase, force = 3F and displacement = 2L

In the given graph/diagram, distance is on x-axis and force on y-axis

So,

Area under the curve method:

3F
There are two rectangles,

Rectangle 1: Length = F, Width = L

Area 1 = F.L
F
Rectangle 2: Length = 3F, Width = 2L

Area 2 = 3F.2L = 6FL

L 2L
Total Area = Work done = W = FL + 6FL = 7FL

Numerical Method:

Total work done = Work done with f=F and d=L + work done with f=3F, d= 2L

Total work done = . + . = . + 3 .2 = 7

 ‫ و ز دى‬         ‫ و‬ ‫ ا‬    ‫   اور دو ں  ر‬  ‫( دو  ر‬ )  ‫ں  رس اور ڈ‬

   (‫   اور   ورك) م‬  ‫ل‬ ‫ دو ں  ر ان و ز   ا‬  ‫ل‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫   دو  ر ورك    ر‬  ‫  ۔ اس‬
‫  ۔‬      ‫ دو ں‬      ‫م‬

     ‫۔ اور   دو ں‬      ‫م‬     ‫ × ڑا‬   ‫ا   ۔ دو ں   ر‬ ‫   ڈا‬  ‫ دو‬،  ‫اف   د‬
‫م        ۔‬  ‫     ورك‬

‫م        ۔‬  ‫   درج          م‬ ‫ا   ح دو ں    ر‬

Prepared by: Engr Usman Varsi +92 321 77 44 77 8 | www.varsi.me

Chapter 4: WORK AND ENERGY SHORT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q4: In which case is more work done? When a 50 kg bag of books is

lifted through 50 cm, or when a 50 kg crate is pushed through 2m across
the floor with a force of 50 N.
Case 1 Case 2
When a 50 kg bag of books is lifted When a 50 kg crate is pushed through
through 50 cm 2m across the floor with a force of 50 N
Mass = m = 50 kg Mass = m = 50 kg
Displacement = h=50 cm = 50/100 m = 0.5 m Force = F = 50 N
Work Done = W =? Displacement = d=2 m
= . Work Done = W =?
= ( ). (ℎ) = (50 × 9.8). (0.5) = 245 J = .
= (50). (2) = 100 J
Conclusion: There is more work done in Case 1

     ‫    د‬  ‫ د     ۔‬  ‫ں  ف  س اور‬    ‫ت      ص  ق‬    ‫اس  رت    س‬

   ‫  ۔  د ر  وزن‬  ‫م‬  ‫رس اور ورك‬     ‫      رس   دى   و  اور ڈ‬
‫  ۔‬    ‫رس‬ ‫م      ۔‬  ‫   ورك‬  ‫ل‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫ڈا‬

Q5: An object has 1 J of potential energy. Explain what does it mean?

If we analyze the unit of energy, J

= . = .

It means that an object of mass 1 kg has been lifted through 1 m by force of 1 N. This
energy is stored as P.E which means that this object can do 1J of work. Given the ideal
conditions.

 ‫  ۔   ا     ام‬ ‫ اور     ڈاٹ  اڈ‬        ‫  ؤل    ر‬،       ‫ا    ورك اور ا‬

  ‫ ر ( ۔   ا‬           ‫   ا‬ ‫ ا     ى   ا     ۔ )اس دوران ا‬ ‫س     او‬
 ‫د  ں۔‬     ‫ آ‬  ‫  ۔‬    ‫ل‬ ‫ ا‬    ‫اب اس    ر      ۔          م‬

Prepared by: Engr Usman Varsi +92 321 77 44 77 8 | www.varsi.me

Chapter 4: WORK AND ENERGY SHORT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q6: A ball of mass m is held at a height above a table. The table top is
at a height ℎ above the floor. One student says that the ball has
potential energy but another says that it is ( + ). Who is
correct?

ℎ
ℎ

We know that in the calculation of Potential Energy, we take arbitrary height. Which
means we ourselves set a zero point. The first student has taken Table as the zero
point to measure the height while the other has taken the surface of earth as zero
point to measure the height. Both are correct in their own cases.

‫  پ    ۔‬     ‫          ا‬     ‫ ا‬    ‫    ں‬ ‫دو ں   ا    در‬

‫  ۔‬ ‫ دو ں   ا    در‬               ‫ دو ے   دو ے   ز‬       ‫  ڈ‬

Q7: When a rocket re-enters the atmosphere, its nose cone become very
hot. Where does this heat energy come from?
Answer: The atmosphere of the earth has large amount of gases. As the rocket enters
the atmosphere, the molecules of the gases strike with the rocket’s nose and produce
heat.

This heat makes it very hot. This energy comes from heat produced due to friction.

   ‫  ء‬ ‫   را‬  ‫د  ۔‬    ‫  رے‬      ‫د  ۔‬          ‫ز    او   ء‬

   ‫   و     ا‬   ‫ درا‬ ‫  ۔   ا‬  ‫    ارت  ا‬      ‫   اس    ا‬     ‫دا‬
‫۔‬

Prepared by: Engr Usman Varsi +92 321 77 44 77 8 | www.varsi.me

Chapter 4: WORK AND ENERGY SHORT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Q8: What sort of energy is in the following:

(a) Compressed spring, (b) Water in a high dam, (c) A moving car
Answer:

(a) Elastic Potential Energy

(b) Gravitational Potential Energy
(c) Kinetic Energy

  ‫ ا‬   ‫ ا‬ ‫     ا‬  ‫   اس‬   ‫   د‬        ‫  ۔‬   ‫ ا‬ ‫   ا‬

  ‫ ا‬    ‫  ر‬   ‫  ۔ ا‬   ‫ ا‬     ‫   و‬         ‫ ا    ڈ‬  ‫  ۔‬  
‫  ۔‬
Q9: A girl drops a cup from a certain height, which breaks into pieces.
What energy changes are involved?
When the cup was in the hands of girl, it had gravitational P.E. When the cup is
dropped, its P.E. is converted into the K.E. On striking the ground, this energy is
converted into sound energy, heat energy and work done in breaking the cup into
pieces.

      ‫ ا‬  ‫   دوران وہ‬    ،  ‫  ر‬ ‫ ا‬    ‫ اس‬،              

  ‫ اد‬    ‫ اور اس‬    ‫ اور‬ ‫  ارت ) ِ (   ا‬، (‫ و ز‬ )  ‫      ا    ؤ    آواز   ا‬
 ‫    ۔‬    (‫    رت   ورك ) م‬   ‫اد‬
Q10: A boy uses a catapult to throw a stone which accidentally smashes
a greenhouse window. List the possible energy changes.
Initially, the catapult had elastic P.E. when the stone is thrown, its P.E. is converted into
K.E. On striking the window, this energy is converted into sound energy, heat energy
and work done in breaking the window into pieces.

     ‫    ۔‬     ‫ ا‬  ‫  ا    وہ‬  ‫د  ۔‬   ‫ ا‬    ( )     ‫وع‬

‫    ۔‬    ‫( اور  م‬ ‫) ِ  ا‬ ‫  ار  ا‬،  ‫ آواز   ا‬

Prepared by: Engr Usman Varsi +92 321 77 44 77 8 | www.varsi.me