Starter Gramática

unit
Subject pronouns and Possessive have got
adjectives Afirmativa Negativa
Pronombres sujeto Adjetivos posesivos I’ve got I haven’t got
I my You’ve got You haven’t got
you your He / She / It’s got He / She / It hasn’t got
he / she / it his / her / its We’ve got We haven’t got
we our You’ve got You haven’t got
you your They’ve got They haven’t got
they their Interrogativa Respuestas breves
Uso Have I got … ? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Los pronombres sujeto sustituyen a sustantivos y Have you got … ? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
nombres propios. Has he / she / it Yes, he / she / it No, he / she / it
  Katy is English. She’s from Manchester. got … ? has. hasn’t.
Nota: los pronombres sujeto nunca se pueden Have we got … ? Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
omitir. Have you got … ? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
  It is on the desk. NO Is on the desk. Have they got … ? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.
Los adjetivos posesivos se colocan delante de los Uso
sustantivos para indicar a quién pertenecen estos Have got se utiliza para indicar posesión o hablar de
últimos. los miembros de la familia.
 My pencil is blue.  This is our classroom.  He’s got a ruler.
 We’ve got two pens.
Possessive ’s  I’ve got a sister.
Nota: en las respuestas breves no se incluye got.
La forma ’s se coloca detrás de los sustantivos en  Have you got a calculator? Yes, I have.
singular. NO Yes, I have got.
  the teacher’s desk  Tom’s book
Se añade ’ a los sustantivos en plural acabados en s. Imperatives
  the students’ school bags  my parents’ laptop
Añadimos ’s a los sustantivos en plural que no Afirmativa Negativa
acaban en s. Look at the book. Don’t look at the book.
  the children’s teacher  the men’s chairs Sit down. Don’t sit down.
Uso La forma de imperativo coincide con la del infinitivo
El posesivo en ’s se utiliza para indicar que algo sin to.
pertenece a alguien. La negativa se construye con Don’t seguido del
 Katy’s dictionary  the boys’ notebooks infinitivo sin to.
Uso
El imperativo se utiliza para dar instrucciones y
órdenes.
 Open your books.  Read the text.
  Don’t talk.  Don’t eat that.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Starter unit  Gramática

 Starter Vocabulario
unit
Countries and nationalities
American (adj)  /əˈmerɪkən/ estadounidense
Argentina (n)  /ɑːdʒənˈtiːnə/ Argentina
Argentinian (adj)  /ɑːdʒənˈtɪniən/ argentino, argentina
Australia (n)  /ɒˈstreɪliə/ Australia
Australian (adj)  /ɒˈstreɪliən/ australiano, australiana
Brazil (n)  /brəˈzɪl/ Brasil
Brazilian (adj)  /brəˈzɪliən/ brasileño, brasileña
British (adj)  /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ británico, británica
Canada (n)  /ˈkænədə/ Canadá
Canadian (adj)  /kəˈneɪdiən/ canadiense
China (n)  /ˈtʃaɪnə/ China
Chinese (adj)  /tʃaɪˈniːz/ chino, china
Colombia (n)  /kəˈlɒmbiə/ Colombia
Colombian (adj)  /kəˈlɒmbiən/ colombiano, colombiana
England (n)  /ˈɪŋglənd/ Inglaterra
English (adj)  /ˈɪŋglɪʃ/ inglés, inglesa
France (n)  /frɑːns/ Francia
French (adj)  /frentʃ/ francés, francesa
German (adj)  /ˈdʒɜːmən/ alemán, alemana
Germany (n)  /ˈdʒɜːməni/ Alemania
Greece (n)  /griːs/ Grecia
Greek (adj)  /griːk/ griego, griega
India (n)  /ˈɪndiə/ India
Indian (adj)  /ˈɪndiən/ indio, india
Ireland (n)  /ˈaɪələnd/ Irlanda
Irish (adj)  /ˈaɪrɪʃ/ irlandés, irlandesa
Italian (adj)  /ɪˈtæliən/ italiano, italiana
Italy (n)  /ˈɪtəli/ Italia
Japan (n)  /dʒəˈpæn/ Japón
Japanese (adj)  /dʒæpəˈniːz/ japonés, japonesa
Kenya (n)  /ˈkenjə/ Kenia
Kenyan (adj)  /ˈkenjən/ keniano, keniana
Mexican (adj)  /ˈmeksɪkən/ mexicano, mexicana
Mexico (n)  /ˈmeksɪkəʊ/ México
Pakistan (n)  /pækɪˈstæn, -ˈstɑːn/ Paquistán
Pakistani (adj)  /pækɪˈstæni,
 -ˈstɑːni/ paquistaní
Portugal (n)  /ˈpɔːtʃʊgl/ Portugal
Portuguese (adj)  /pɔːtʃuˈgiːz/ portugués, portuguesa
Russia (n)  /ˈrʌʃə/ Rusia
Russian (adj)  /ˈrʌʃn/ ruso, rusa
Scotland (n)  /ˈskɒtlənd/ Escocia
Scottish (adj)  /ˈskɒtɪʃ/ escocés, escocesa
South Africa (n)  /ˌsaʊθ ˈæfrɪkə/ Sudáfrica
South African (adj)  /ˌsaʊθ
 ˈæfrɪkən/ sudafricano, sudafricana
Spain (n)  /speɪn/ España
Spanish (adj)  /ˈspænɪʃ/ español, española
the UK (n)  /ðə ˌjuː ˈkeɪ/ Reino Unido
the USA (n)  /ðə ˌjuː ˌes ˈeɪ/ Estados Unidos
Turkey (n)  /ˈtɜːki/ Turquía
Turkish (adj)  /ˈtɜːkɪʃ/ turco, turca
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Starter unit  Vocabulario
The classroom
bin (n)  /bɪn/ papelera
book (n)  /bʊk/ libro
calculator (n)  /ˈkælkjəleɪtə(r)/ calculadora
chair (n)  /tʃeə(r)/ silla
desk (n)  /desk/ mesa, pupitre
dictionary (n)  /ˈdɪkʃnri/ diccionario
door (n)  /dɔː(r)/ puerta
laptop (n)  /ˈlæptɒp/ ordenador portátil
notebook (n)  /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ cuaderno
poster (n)  /ˈpəʊstə(r)/ póster
school bag (n)  /ˈskuːl ˌbæg/ mochila, bolsa
wall (n)  /wɔːl/ pared
whiteboard (n)  /ˈwaɪtbɔːd/ pizarra blanca
window (n)  /ˈwɪndəʊ/ ventana
Prepositions of place
behind  /bɪˈhaɪnd/ detrás (de)
between  /bɪˈtwiːn/ entre
in  /ɪn/ en
in front of  /ˌɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/ delante de
next to  /ˈnekst tə/ junto a
on  /ɒn/ sobre, encima de
under  /ˈʌndə(r)/ bajo, debajo de
School subjects
Art (n)  /ɑːt/ arte
English (n)  /ˈɪŋglɪʃ/ inglés
French (n)  /frentʃ/ francés
Geography (n)  /dʒiˈɒgrəfi/ geografía
History (n)  /ˈhɪstri/ historia
Maths (n)  /mæθs/ matemáticas
Music (n)  /ˈmjuːzɪk/ música
PE (n)  /ˌpiː ˈiː/ educación física
Science (n)  /ˈsaɪəns/ ciencias naturales
Functional language
Classroom language
Be quiet!
How do you spell ‘goodbye’?
Don’t eat in lessons!
What does ‘notebook’ mean?
Can you repeat that, please?
Put your hands up!
 Unit 1 Gramática

Present simple: be there is / there are + a, an, some

Afirmativa Negativa and any
Forma Forma Forma Forma Afirmativa
completa contracta completa contracta
Forma completa Forma contracta
I am I’m I am not I’m not
Singular There is a / an … There’s a / an …
You are You’re You are not You aren’t
Plural There are some … —
He is / He’s / He is not / He isn’t /
She is / It is She’s / It’s She is not / She isn’t / Negativa
It is not It isn’t
Forma completa Forma contracta
We are We’re We are not We aren’t
Singular There is not a / There isn’t a /
You are You’re You are not You aren’t an … an …
They are They’re They are not They aren’t Plural There are not There aren’t
Uso any … any …
El verbo be se utiliza para dar información sobre Uso
una persona, un lugar o un objeto. La estructura there + be se utiliza para indicar si
 I am English.  algo existe o no.
 Vigo is in Spain.    There is a lift at school.
  The books are on the desk.   There isn’t a swimming pool.
La forma contracta se utiliza en el registro informal Cuando el sustantivo está en plural, se utiliza la
de la lengua oral y escrita. forma de plural del verbo be.
 It’s Monday today.   There are some chairs.
 You’re late.   There aren’t any windows.
Interrogativa Respuestas breves En el registro informal de la lengua oral y escrita, se
Am I … ? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. utilizan las formas contractas.
Are you … ? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Nota: no existe una forma contracta para There are.
 There’s a big desk in my bedroom.
Is he … ? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
  There isn’t a sofa and there aren’t any chairs.
Is she … ? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
  There are four posters on the wall.
Is it … ? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
Los artículos a y an se utilizan con los sustantivos
Are we … ? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
en singular.
Are you … ? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.  There’s a big TV.
Are they … ? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.  There’s an orange door.
Uso Some y any se utilizan con los sustantivos en plural;
La interrogativa con be se utiliza para formular some en oraciones afirmativas, y any en frases
preguntas sobre una persona, un lugar o un objeto. negativas.
Nota: en las respuestas breves afirmativas, no se   There are some books in my bag.
utiliza la forma contracta del verbo (Yes, I am. NO   There aren’t any pens.
Yes, I’m.)
 ‘Is Harry in your class?’ ‘Yes, he is.’
 ‘Are those pens blue?’ ‘No, they aren’t.’

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 1  Gramática

 Unit 1 Vocabulario
1.1 Family
aunt (n)  /ɑːnt/ tía
brother (n)  /ˈbrʌðə(r)/ hermano
child (n)  /tʃaɪld/ hijo, hija, niño, niña
children (n)  /ˈtʃɪldrən/ hijos, hijas; niños, niñas
cousin (n)  /ˈkʌzn/ primo, prima
dad (n)  /dæd/ padre, papá
daughter (n)  /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ hija
father (n)  /ˈfɑːðə(r)/ padre
grandfather (n)  cat (n)  /kæt/ gato
  /ˈɡrænfɑːðə(r)/ abuelo
grandma (n)  /ˈɡrænmɑː/ abuela
grandmother (n)  pet (n)  /pet/ mascota
  /ˈɡrænmʌðə(r)/ abuela
grandpa (n)  /ˈɡrænpɑː/ abuelo
husband (n)  /ˈhʌzbənd/ marido
mother (n)  /ˈmʌðə(r)/ madre
mum (n)  /mʌm/ madre, mamá
parents (n)  /ˈpeərənts/ padres, padre y madre
sister (n)  /ˈsɪstə(r)/ hermana
son (n)  /sʌn/ hijo
uncle (n)  /ˈʌŋkl/ tío
wife (n)  /waɪf/ mujer, esposa
1.1 Extra vocabulary
different (adj)  /ˈdɪfrənt/ diferente
end (n)  /end/ final
new (adj)  /njuː/ nuevo
old (adj)  /əʊld/ viejo, (de) edad
start (n)  /stɑːt/ principio
same (adj)  /seɪm/ mismo, misma
1.2 Rooms and homes
balcony (n)  /ˈbælkəni/ balcón
bathroom (n)  /ˈbɑːθruːm,
 -rʊm/ (cuarto de) baño
bedroom (n)  /ˈbedruːm,
 -rʊm/ dormitorio
dining room (n)  /ˈdaɪnɪŋ
  ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/ comedor
fireplace (n)  /ˈfaɪəpleɪs/ chimenea
garage (n)  /ˈɡærɑːʒ, -rɪdʒ/ garaje
garden (n)  /ˈɡɑːdn/ jardín
kitchen (n)  /ˈkɪtʃɪn/ cocina
lift (n)  /lɪft/ ascensor
living room (n)  /ˈlɪvɪŋ
  ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/ sala de estar
patio (n)  /ˈpætiəʊ/ patio
stairs (n)  /steəz/ escaleras
toilet (n)  /ˈtɔɪlət/ baño, aseo
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 1  Vocabulario
1.2 Extra vocabulary
amazing (adj)  /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ increíble
beautiful (adj)  /ˈbjuːtɪfl/ precioso
fantastic (adj)  /fænˈtæstɪk/ fantástico
strange (adj)  /streɪndʒ/ extraño
ugly (adj)  /ˈʌɡli/ feo
unusual (adj)  /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ peculiar, poco común
1.3 Extra vocabulary
dog (n)  /dɒɡ/ perro
fish (n)  /fɪʃ/ pez, peces
rabbit (n)  /ˈræbɪt/ conejo
reptile (n)  /ˈreptaɪl/ reptil
snake (n)  /sneɪk/ serpiente
1.4 Functional language
Giving personal information
What’s your first name / surname / date of birth /
nationality?
What’s your address / postcode / phone number / email
address?
Can I have an emergency contact number, please?
How do you spell that, please?
Sorry, can you repeat that, please?
1.5 Extra vocabulary
alarm clock (n)  /əˈlɑːm klɒk/ despertador
bed (n)  /bed/ cama
bedside table (n) 
  /ˈbedsaɪd ˈteɪbl/ mesilla
chair (n)  /tʃeə(r)/ silla
desk (n)  /desk/ mesa, escritorio
laptop (n)  /ˈlæptɒp/ ordenador portátil
sofa (n)  / ˈsəʊfə/ sofá
TV (n)  /ˌtiː ˈviː/ tele
wardrobe (n)  /ˈwɔːdrəʊb/ armario
 Unit 2 Gramática

Present simple: affirmative and Present simple: questions

negative Interrogativa Respuestas breves
Afirmativa Do I / you / eat fruit? Yes, I / No, I /
we / they you / we / you / we /
I / You / We / They eat fruit.
they do. they don’t.
He / She / It eats fruit.
Does he / she / eat fruit? Yes, he / No, he /
Negativa it she / it she / it
does. doesn’t.
I / You / We / They don’t eat fruit.
He / She / It doesn’t eat fruit.
Uso
La forma interrogativa del present simple se
Uso
utiliza para formular preguntas sobre hábitos y
El present simple se utiliza para referirse a hábitos y
acciones que se repiten, o para descubrir si algo es
acciones que se repiten.
permanente o cierto.
 I watch TV every day.
 Do you make your bed?
 He gets up at seven o’clock.
 Does she live in the UK?
También se emplea el present simple para hablar de
En las respuestas breves afirmativas, se utiliza do o
cosas permanentes y ciertas.
does; en las respuestas breves negativas, se emplea
 We live in Africa. 
don’t o doesn’t.
 Elephants make a lot of noise.
 Do they speak Spanish?
La forma afirmativa del present simple se construye   Yes, they do.
con el infinitivo sin to. En la tercera persona del  Does he listen to music?
singular (he/she/it), se añade -s o -es al verbo.   No, he doesn’t.
 I clean – he cleans 
En preguntas encabezadas por Wh-, la partícula
 you go – she goes
interrogativa se coloca al comienzo. Estas frases
Nota: cuando el verbo acaba en -y, esta se elimina siempre incluyen do o does.
antes de añadir -ies; si acaba en -sh o -ch, se añade  What do you eat?
-es.  NO What you eat?
 you study – she studies   When does she watch TV?
 they wash – it washes 
 I teach – she teaches Subject and object pronouns
La forma negativa del present simple se construye
con do not o does not + el infinitivo sin to. En el Pronombres sujeto Pronombres objeto
registro informal de la lengua oral y escrita, se I me
utilizan las formas contractas. you you
 I don’t eat fruit.  he him
 She doesn’t make breakfast.
she her
it it
we us
you you
they them
Uso
Los pronombres objeto siguen a un verbo o una
preposición.
  I like chocolate. I like it.
  I play with my friends. I play with them.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 2  Gramática
 Unit 2 Vocabulario
2.1 Daily routine
brush your hair (v)  /ˌbrʌʃ
  ˌjɔː ˈheə(r)/ peinarse
clean your room (v)  /ˌkliːn
  ˌjɔː ˈruːm, ˈrʊm/ limpiar la habitación
eat fruit (v)  /ˌiːt ˈfruːt/ comer fruta
feed an animal (v)  /ˌfiːd
  ən ˈænɪml/ dar de comer a un animal
get changed (v)  /ˌɡet
 ˈtʃeɪndʒd/ cambiarse
get up early (v)  /ˌɡet ˌʌp
 ˈɜːli/ levantarse temprano
go for a walk (v)  /ˌɡəʊ ˌfər
  ə ˈwɔːk/ dar un paseo
go home (v)  /ˌɡəʊ ˈhəʊm/ irse a casa
have a bath / shower (v)  fun (adj)  /fʌn/ divertido
  /ˌhæv ə ˈbɑːθ, ˈʃaʊə(r)/ darse un baño
make breakfast (v)  /ˌmeɪk
 ˈbrekfəst/ preparar el desayuno
make the bed (v)  /ˌmeɪk ðə
 ˈbed/ hacer la cama
wash your hands (v)  /ˌwɒʃ
  ˌjɔː ˈhændz/ lavarse las manos
2.1 Extra vocabulary
get paid (v)  /ˌɡet ˈpeɪd/ cobrar
in danger (prep + n)  /ˌɪn
 ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ en peligro
lake (n)  /leɪk/ lago
noise (n)  /nɔɪz/ ruido
volunteer (n)  /vɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ voluntario, voluntaria
2.2 Free time activities
chat online (v)  /ˌtʃæt
 ɒnˈlaɪn/ chatear on line
do free running (v)  /ˌduː
  ˈfriː ˌrʌnɪŋ/ practicar el free running
go orienteering (v)  /ˌɡəʊ
 ɔːriənˈtɪərɪŋ/ practicar la orientación
go shopping (v)  /ˌɡəʊ
 ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ ir de compras
go to the beach (v)  /ˌɡəʊ tə
  ðə ˈbiːtʃ/ ir a la playa
go to the cinema (v)  /ˌɡəʊ tə
  ðə ˈsɪnəmə/ ir al cine
hang out with friends (v)  Yes, that’s fine.
  /ˌhæŋ ˌaʊt ˌwɪð ˈfrendz/ salir con los amigos
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 2  Vocabulario
listen to music (v)  /ˌlɪsn tə
 ˈmjuːzɪk/ escuchar música
play an instrument (v)  /ˌpleɪ
  ən ˈɪnstrəmənt/ tocar un instrumento
play computer games (v) 
  /ˌpleɪ kəmˈpjuːtə ˌɡeɪmz/ jugar con juegos electrónicos
sing in a choir (v)  /ˌsɪŋ ˌɪn ə
 ˈkwaɪə(r)/ cantar en un coro
watch TV (v)  /ˌwɒtʃ ˌtiː ˈviː/ ver la tele
2.2 Extra vocabulary
boring (adj)  /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ aburrido
dangerous (adj) 
  /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ peligroso
exciting (adj)  /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ emocionante
interesting (adj) 
  /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ, ˈɪntrestɪŋ/ interesante
scary (adj)  /ˈskeəri/ que da miedo
2.3 Extra vocabulary
autumn (n)  /ˈɔːtəm/ otoño
blossoms (n)  /ˈblɒsəmz/ flores de los árboles
boat (n)  /bəʊt/ barco, barca
costumes (n)  /ˈkɒstjuːmz/ trajes, disfraces
fireworks (n)  /ˈfaɪəˌwɜːks/ fuegos artificiales
harvest (n)  /ˈhɑːvɪst/ cosecha
spring (n)  /sprɪŋ/ primavera
summer (n)  /ˈsʌmə(r)/ verano
winter (n)  /ˈwɪntə(r)/ invierno
2.4 Functional language
Making invitations
What do you do on Fridays?
What time does it start / finish?
How about Saturday?
When can we meet?
Do you want to … ?
Are you free on Wednesdays?
Accepting and refusing invitations
Sorry. I’m busy.
I play the piano on Fridays.
That’s good for me.
 Unit 3 Gramática

Adverbs of frequency like + -ing / noun

100% I / You / We / They like listening to
He / She / It likes music.
always
I / You / We / They like science lessons.
He / She / It likes
80%
Do I / you / like listening I / You /
usually we / they to music? We / They
love it.
Does he / she / He / She /
65% it It loves it.

often Do I / you / like science I / You /

we / they lessons? We / They
love them.
50% Does he / she / He / She /
it It loves
sometimes them.
Uso
0% La estructura like + verbo en -ing / sustantivo se
utiliza para indicar que algo nos gusta.
never  I like swimming.
 He likes after-school clubs.
Uso Para responder a preguntas que comienzan por
Estos adverbios se utilizan para indicar con qué Do you like … ?, no se repite la forma en -ing o el
frecuencia realizamos las acciones. sustantivo. En singular se utiliza it, y en plural, them.
Cuando acompañan al verbo be, se colocan detrás   Do you like swimming? I love it.
de él.   Do you like exciting sports? I love them.
  I am always in the canteen at 12.45. También podemos expresar en qué medida nos
  Assemblies are usually interesting. gusta o no nos gusta algo.
Sin embargo, los adverbios de frecuencia se  I’m crazy about photography. J
colocan delante del resto de los verbos.  I love photography.
 We sometimes watch TV before school.  I like photography.
 Harry never goes to bed early.
 I don’t mind photography.
En la forma interrogativa, los adverbios de
 I hate photography.
frecuencia siguen al sujeto.
  Are science lessons always fun?  I can’t stand photography. L
  Do you often go to the library at break?

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 3  Gramática

 Unit 3 Vocabulario

3.1 School 3.2 Extra vocabulary

canteen (n)  /kænˈtiːn/ cafetería (del instituto) can’t stand (v)  /ˌkɑːnt ˈstænd/ no soportar
changing room (n)  hate (v)  /heɪt/ odiar, detestar
  /ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/ vestuario love (v)  /lʌv/ encantar
coach (n)  /kəʊtʃ/ entrenador, entrenadora (not) be crazy about (v) 
hall (n)  /hɔːl/ entrada   /(nɒt) bi ˈkreɪzi əˌbaʊt/ (no) volver loco
head teacher (n)  /ˌhed director, directora de (not) like (v)  /(nɒt) ˈlaɪk/ (no) gustar
 ˈtiːtʃə(r)/   instituto not mind (v)  /(nɒt) ˈmaɪnd/ no importar
ICT suite (n)  /ˌaɪ ˌsiː ˈtiː
 ˌswiːt/ sala de informática 3.3 Extra vocabulary
library (n)  /ˈlaɪbrəri/ biblioteca
playground (n)  /ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/ patio meet (v)  /miːt/ verse, quedar
playing fields (n)  /ˈpleɪɪŋ ride (v)  /raɪd/ ir en
 ˌfiːldz/ zona deportiva spend (v)  /spend/ pasar (tiempo)
science lab (n)  /ˈsaɪəns ˌlæb/ laboratorio de ciencias stay (v)  /steɪ/ alojarse
sports hall (n)  /ˈspɔːts ˌhɔːl/ gimnasio wear (v)  /weə(r)/ llevar (puesto)
staffroom (n)  /ˈstɑːfruːm,
 -rʊm/ sala de profesores 3.4 Functional language
Making suggestions
3.1 Extra vocabulary
How about playing ice hockey?
bell (n)  /bel/ timbre
break (n)  /breɪk/ descanso, recreo Let’s do street dance.
dream (n)  /driːm/ sueño Shall we do fashion design?
luck (n)  /ˈlʌk/ suerte
Why don’t we go to the music club?
registration (n) 
  /redʒɪˈstreɪʃn/ control de asistencia Giving opinions
That’s a good / bad idea.
3.2 Sports and sports equipment
That sounds interesting / boring / dangerous.
basketball (n)  /ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl/ baloncesto
belt (n)  /belt/ cinturón
goggles (n)  /ˈɡɒɡlz/ gafas (para nadar)
I’m not sure.
hockey (n)  /ˈhɒki/ hockey
hoop (n)  /huːp/ aro, canasta No, thanks! I don’t want to do that.
ice skating (n)  /ˈaɪs ˌskeɪtɪŋ/ patinaje sobre hielo
judo (n)  /ˈdʒuːdəʊ/ judo
racket (n)  /ˈrækɪt/ raqueta
running (n)  /ˈrʌnɪŋ/ correr
scuba diving (n)  /ˈskuːbə
 ˌdaɪvɪŋ/ (practicar) submarinismo
skates (n)  /skeɪts/ patines
stick (n)  /stɪk/ palo, stick
swimming (n)  /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ natación
tennis (n)  /ˈtenɪs/ tenis
trainers (n)  /ˈtreɪnəz/ zapatillas deportivas
wetsuit (n)  /ˈwetsuːt/ traje de neopreno

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 3  Vocabulario

 Unit 4 Gramática

Comparative adjectives
Formación Adjetivo Comparativo
Adjetivos breves fast faster
Se añade -er
Adjetivos breves acabados en -e strange stranger
Se añade -r
Adjetivos breves acabados en vocal + consonante big bigger
La consonante se duplica, y se añade -er
Adjetivos acabados en -y scary scarier
La -y se elimina antes de añadir -ier
Adjetivos largos frightening more frightening
Se añade more delante del adjetivo
Adjetivos irregulares good better
¡Hay que aprendérselos! bad worse
Uso
Los adjetivos en grado comparativo se utilizan para comparar dos personas, lugares o
cosas.
La partícula than a menudo sigue al adjetivo en grado comparativo.
 I’m older than you.
  London is bigger than Madrid.
  Books are more interesting than films.

Superlative adjectives
Formación Adjetivo Comparativo
Adjetivos breves cold coldest
Se añade -est
Adjetivos breves acabados en -e strange strangest
Se añade -st
Adjetivos breves acabados en vocal + consonante hot hottest
La consonante se duplica, y se añade -est
Adjetivos acabados en -y dry driest
La -y se elimina antes de añadir -iest
Adjetivos largos popular most popular
Se añade most delante del adjetivo
Adjetivos irregulares good best
¡Hay que aprendérselos! bad worst
Uso
Los adjetivos en grado superlativo se utilizan para comparar una persona, un lugar o una
cosa con otros dos elementos o más.
El artículo the se añade delante del adjetivo en grado superlativo.
 I’m the youngest person in my family.
  Galicia is the wettest region in Spain.
  Maths is the most difficult subject I study.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 4  Gramática

 Unit 4 Vocabulario
4.1 Adjectives
boring (adj)  /ˈbɔ:riŋ/ aburrido
cheap (adj)  /tʃiːp/ barato
crowded (adj)  /ˈkraʊdɪd/ lleno de gente
dangerous (adj)  /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ peligroso
difficult (adj)  /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ difícil
easy (adj)  /ˈiːzi/ fácil
enjoyable (adj)  /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ agradable
exciting (adj)  /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ emocionante
expensive (adj)  /ɪkˈspensɪv/ caro
fast (adj)  /fɑːst/ rápido
frightening (adj)  /ˈfraɪtnɪŋ/ que da miedo
high (adj)  /haɪ/ alto
long (adj)  /lɒŋ/ largo
low (adj)  /ləʊ/ bajo
near (adj) /nɪə(r)/ cerca de
noisy (adj)  /ˈnɔɪzi/ ruidoso
quiet (adj)  /ˈkwaɪət/ callado, (guardar) silencio
safe (adj)  /seɪf/ seguro
short (adj)  /ʃɔːt/ bajo, pequeño
slow (adj)  /sləʊ/ lento
surprising (adj)  /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ sorprendente
4.1 Extra vocabulary
queue (n)  /kjuː/ fila, cola
ride (n)  /raɪd/ ir en
roller coaster (n) 
  /ˈrəʊlə ˌkəʊstə(r)/ montaña rusa
show (n)  /ʃəʊ/ espectáculo, función
theme park (n)  /ˈθiːm ˌpɑːk/ parque temático
4.2 Weather
cloudy (adj)  /ˈklaʊdi/ nublado, nuboso
cold (adj)  /kəʊld/ frío
dry (adj)  /draɪ/ seco
foggy (adj)  /ˈfɒɡi/ (haber) niebla
hot (adj)  /hɒt/ caliente, (hacer) calor
icy (adj)  /ˈaɪsi/ helado
rain (n)  /reɪn/ lluvia
snow (n)  /snəʊ/ nieve
sunny (adj)  /ˈsʌni/ soleado
thunderstorm (n) 
  /ˈθʌndəstɔːm/ tormenta eléctrica
warm (adj)  /wɔːm/ caliente
wet (adj)  /wet/ mojado, húmedo
windy (adj)  /ˈwɪndi/ ventoso, con viento
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 4  Vocabulario
4.2 Extra vocabulary
cloud (n)  /klaʊd/ nube
fog (n)  /fɒɡ/ niebla
heat (n)  /hiːt/ calor
ice (n)  /aɪs/ hielo
rainy (adj)  /ˈreɪni/ lluvioso
snowy (adj)  /ˈsnəʊi/ nieve
storm (n)  /ˈstɔːm/ tormenta
stormy (adj)  /ˈstɔːmi/ (haber) tormenta
sun (n)  /sʌn/ sol
wind (n)  /wɪnd/ viento
4.3 Extra vocabulary
bring (v)  /brɪŋ/ traer, llevar
camera (n)  /ˈkæmərə/ cámara
fly (v)  /flaɪ/ volar
forget (v)  /fəˈɡet/ olvidar
headphones (n)  /ˈhedfəʊnz/ auriculares
journey (n)  /ˈdʒɜːni/ viaje
ride (n)  /raɪd/ ir en
travel (v)  /ˈtrævl/ viajar
trip (n)  /trɪp/ viaje
4.4 Functional language
Asking for travel information
What’s the best way to get there?
When’s the next train?
How long does the journey take?
It takes about …
How often do the buses / trains leave?
They go every 20 minutes / hour / two hours.
How much is a ticket?
Single / return
 Unit 5 Gramática

Present continuous: affirmative Present continuous: questions

and negative be + sujeto + forma en -ing del verbo
Sujeto + be (not) + forma en -ing del verbo Interrogativa Respuestas breves
Am I flying? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Afirmativa Negativa
Are you flying? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
I’m flying. I’m not flying.
Is he flying? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
You’re flying. You aren’t flying.
Is she flying? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
He’s flying. He isn’t flying.
Is it flying? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
She’s flying. She isn’t flying.
Are we flying? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
It’s flying. It isn’t flying.
Are you flying? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
We’re flying. We aren’t flying.
Are they flying? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
You’re flying. You aren’t flying.
They’re flying. They aren’t flying. Preguntas encabezadas por partículas en Wh-
Nota: forma en -ing del verbo What are you doing? I’m playing computer
Con la mayoría de los verbos, se añade -ing. games.
  fly – flying  eat – eating Uso
Cuando el verbo acaba en -e, esta vocal se elimina La forma interrogativa del present continuous se
antes de añadir -ing. utiliza para preguntar acerca de acciones que se
  dive – diving  practise – practising están desarrollando mientras hablamos.
Con verbos acabados en vocal + consonante, la Nota: en respuestas breves, se incluye el verbo be,
consonante se duplica, y se añade -ing. pero no la forma en -ing del verbo.
  sit – sitting  swim – swimming  ‘Are you studying?’ ‘Yes, I am.’
Uso  ‘Is he sailing a boat?’ ‘No, he isn’t.’
El present continuous se utiliza para describir
acciones que se están desarrollando mientras
hablamos.
 I’m watching TV.
 He’s writing an email.
 They’re playing hockey.

Present continuous and Present simple

Uso
Present continuous = acciones que se dan mientras hablamos
Present simple = rutinas y acciones que se repiten
Las frases en present continuous suelen contener expresiones como now y at the moment.
 We’re having dinner now.
 What are you doing at the moment?
Las frases en present simple suelen incluir adverbios de frecuencia.
  We often have dinner at 7.00 p.m.
 What do you usually do on Saturdays?
Nota: verbos como think, like, love, hate y want no se utilizan en present continuous.
 I think sport is fun.  We like football.
 NO I’m thinking sport is fun.  We’re liking football.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 5  Gramática

 Unit 5 Vocabulario

5.1 Action verbs 5.4 Functional language

build (v)  /bɪld/ construir Having a phone conversation
carry (v)  /ˈkæri/ llevar Can I speak to … ?
climb (v)  /klaɪm/ subir
close (v)  /kləʊz/ cerrar He / She isn’t here at the moment.
dive (v)  /daɪv/ zambullirse, meterse
draw (v)  /drɔː/ dibujar
Who’s calling?
fly (v)  /flaɪ/ volar
hold (v)  /həʊld/ sujetar
It’s … .
jump (v)  /dʒʌmp/ saltar
open (v)  /ˈəʊpən/ abrir
practise (v)  /ˈpræktɪs/ ensayar Do you want to leave a message?
sail (v)  /seɪl/ navegar
Can you ask him / her to call … ?
5.1 Extra vocabulary
Please tell him / her …
balloon (n)  /bəˈluːn/ globo
blog (n)  /blɒɡ/ blog
huge (adj)  /hjuːdʒ/ enorme
model (n)  /ˈmɒdl/ maqueta
tiny (adj)  /ˈtaɪni/ minúsculo

5.2 Equipment
backpack (n)  /ˈbækpæk/ mochila
binoculars (n)  /bɪˈnɒkjələz/ prismáticos
compass (n)  /ˈkʌmpəs/ brújula
first-aid kit (n)  /ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd botiquín de primeros
 ˌkɪt/   auxilios
insect repellent (n)  /ˈɪnsekt
 rɪˌpelənt/ repelente de insectos
map (n)  /mæp/ mapa
sleeping bag (n)  /ˈsliːpɪŋ
 ˌbæɡ/ saco de dormir
sunscreen (n)  /ˈsʌnskriːn/ crema de protección solar
tent (n)  /tent/ tienda de campaña
tools (n)  /tuːlz/ herramientas
torch (n)  /tɔːtʃ/ linterna
waterproof jacket 
  /ˌwɔːtəpruːf ˈdʒækɪt/ anorak, impermeable

5.3 Extra vocabulary

audition (n)  /ɔːˈdɪʃn/ casting, audición
charity (n)  /ˈtʃærəti/ asociación benéfica
lively (adj)  /ˈlaɪvli/ alegre, animado
musician (n)  /mjuˈzɪʃn/ músico, música
try (v)  /traɪ/ probar, intentar

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 5  Vocabulario

 Unit 6 Gramática

can / can’t Countable and uncountable nouns

Afirmativa Sustantivos Sustantivos
I / You / He / She / can go to the cinema contables en plural incontables
It / We / They tonight. Afirmativa There are some / There’s some /
a lot of grapes. a lot of water.
Negativa
Negativa There aren’t any / There isn’t any /
I / You / He / She / can’t wear trainers to many books. much rice.
It / We / They school.
Interrogativa How There are How There’s
Interrogativa Respuestas breves many … much …
people bread is
Can I / you / he / go out? Yes, I / you / he / she /
are there? there?
she / it / it / we / they can.
we / they No, I / you / he / she / Are there Yes, Is there Yes,
it / we / they can’t. any there any there
people? are. bread? is. No,
Uso No, there there
Can/can’t se utilizan para dar y pedir permiso, y aren’t. isn’t.
también para describir capacidades.
Nota: los sustantivos contables tienen una forma
Permiso Capacidad para el singular y otra para el plural; los incontables,
Can I open the window? I can speak English. sin embargo, tienen una única forma. Con los
He can’t go to the party. Can you play an sustantivos incontables no se utilizan a / an ni los
instrument? números.
Nota: can/can’t siempre van acompañados del Sustantivos Sustantivos
infinitivo sin to. contables incontables
a cap  two caps salt  two salts
 He can ride a bike. NO He can to ride a bike.
an onion  four onions fruit  three fruits
must / mustn’t Uso
Some, any y a lot of se utilizan con sustantivos
Afirmativa contables en plural y sustantivos incontables.
I / You / He / She / must go home at
Some se utiliza en frases afirmativas para describir
It / We / They 10.00 p.m.
una cantidad indefinida de algo.
Negativa   There are some people in the room.
I / You / He / She / mustn’t be late for school.  There’s some food on the table.
It / We / They A lot of se utiliza en frases afirmativas e indica que
Uso hay una gran cantidad de algo.
Must / mustn’t se utilizan para expresar obligación y   There are a lot of magazines.
prohibición.  There’s a lot of bread.
Obligación Prohibición Any se utiliza en negativa e interrogativa.
I must get up at 6.45 a.m. You mustn’t take photos   There aren’t any pens.  There isn’t any water.
in the pool.   Are there any pens?  Is there any water?
They must wear We mustn’t use our Many acompaña a los sustantivos en plural en
a uniform. phones in class. frases negativas.
Nota: must / mustn’t siempre van acompañados del   There aren’t many spices.
infinitivo sin to.
Much se utiliza con sustantivos incontables en
You must wear goggles. NO You must to wear
oraciones negativas.
goggles.
  There isn’t much meat.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 6  Gramática

 Unit 6 Vocabulario

6.1 Food 6.3 Extra vocabulary

beans (n)  /biːnz/ judías
beef (n)  /biːf/ carne de vaca
bread (n)  /bred/ pan
cheese (n)  /tʃiːz/ queso
chicken (n)  /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ pollo
chickpeas (n)  /ˈtʃɪkpiːz/ garbanzos
chilli sauce (n)  /ˌtʃɪli ˈsɔːs/ salsa de chile
grapes (n)  /ɡreɪps/ uva
jam (n)  /dʒæm/ mermelada, confitura
mushrooms (n)  /ˈmʌʃrʊmz,
 -ruːmz/ champiñones
oil (n)  /ɔɪl/ aceite
onion (n)  /ˈʌnjən/ cebolla
rice (n)  /raɪs/ arroz
salt and pepper (n)  /ˌsɒlt ən
 ˈpepə(r)/ sal y pimienta
spices (n)  /ˈspaɪsɪz/ especias
sugar (n)  /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/ azúcar
yoghurt (n)  /ˈjɒɡət/ yogur
6.1 Extra vocabulary
crunchy (adj)  /ˈkrʌntʃi/ crujiente
healthy (adj)  /ˈhelθi/ sano, saludable
salty (adj)  /ˈsɔːlti/ salado
spicy (adj)  /ˈspaɪsi/ picante, especiado
sweet (adj)  /swiːt/ dulce
tasty (adj)  /ˈteɪsti/ sabroso
canvas (n)  /ˈkænvəs/ lienzo
cartoon (n)  /kɑːˈtuːn/ dibujos animados, viñetas
graphic designer (n) 
  /ˈɡræfɪk dɪˌzaɪnə(r)/ diseñador/a gráfico/a
sculpture (n)  /ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/ escultura
spray paint (n)  /ˈspreɪ ˌpeɪnt/ pintura en spray
stencil (n)  /ˈstensl/ plantilla
6.4 Extra vocabulary
add (v)  /æd/ añadir
chop (v)  /tʃɒp/ trocear
cook (v)  /kʊk/ cocinar, preparar
heat (v)  /hiːt/ calor
mix (v)  /mɪks/ mezclar
6.4 Functional language
Ordering in a restaurant
The waiter
Are you ready to order?
What can I get you?
What would you like (to drink)?

6.2 At the market And to drink / for dessert?

a battery (n)  /ə ˈbætəri/ una pila

a cap (n)  /ə ˈkæp/ una gorra The customer
chewing gum (n)  /ˈtʃuːɪŋ
 ˌɡʌm/ chicle, goma de mascar I’d like / I’ll have … , please.
chocolate (n)  /ˈtʃɒklət/ chocolate
hair gel (n)  /ˈheə ˌdʒel/ gomina
an ice cream (n)  /ən ˌaɪs Can I have … ?
 ˈkriːm/ un helado
jewellery (n)  /ˈdʒuːəlri/ joyas Is there any … ?
a key ring (n)  /ə ˈkiː ˌrɪŋ/ un llavero
a magazine (n)  /ə mægəˈziːn/ una revista
a mobile phone case (n)  Does it come with … ?
  /ə ˌməʊbaɪl ˈfəʊn ˌkeɪs/ una funda de teléfono móvil
nail varnish (n)  /ˈneɪl ˌvɑːnɪʃ/ laca de uñas
a purse (n)  /ə ˈpɜːs/ una cartera Can we have the bill, please?
sweets (n)  /swiːts/ dulces
water (n)  /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ agua

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 6  Vocabulario

 Unit 7 Gramática

was / were Past simple: verbos regulares

Afirmativa Afirmativa
I / He / She / It was small. I / You / He / She / It / We / talked.
You / We / They were They

Negativa Negativa
I / He / She / It wasn’t small. I / You / He / She / didn’t talk.
It / We / They
You / We / They weren’t
Uso
Interrogativa Respuestas breves El past simple se utiliza para describir acciones y
Was I / he / she / small? Yes, I / he / she / it situaciones del pasado.
it was.  We watched TV last night.
No, I / he / she /  I visited London in 2012.
it wasn’t.
Past simple afirmativa: formación
Were you / we / Yes, you / we / they
they were. Con la mayoría de los verbos regulares, se añade
No, you / we / they -ed.
weren’t.   walk – walked  explain – explained
Uso Con verbos regulares acabados en -e, se añade -d.
Was / were se utilizan para dar información sobre   describe – described   phone – phoned
una persona, un lugar o un objeto en el pasado.
Con verbos acabados en vocal + consonante, la
 Max wasn’t at school.
consonante se duplica y se añade -ed.
  The beach was crowded.
  rob – robbed   travel – travelled
 Miniskirts were popular.
Con verbos regulares acabados en -y, esta se omite
Nota: there was / there were son las formas de
antes de añadir -ied.
pasado de there is / there are.
  carry – carried    try – tried
 There was a beautiful dress in the shop.
 There weren’t many people in the park. Las oraciones en past simple a menudo incluyen
expresiones temporales de pasado.
 I talked to Jenna yesterday. 
  Last week we travelled to Australia. 
 They sailed a boat at the weekend.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 7  Gramática

 Unit 7 Vocabulario
7.1 Clothes
boots (n)  /buːts/ botas
cap (n)  /kæp/ gorra
cardigan (n)  /ˈkɑːdɪɡən/ chaqueta de punto
dress (n)  /dres/ vestido
hat (n)  /hæt/ sombrero
hoodie (n)  /ˈhʊdi/ sudadera con capucha
jacket (n)  /ˈdʒækɪt/ chaqueta
jeans (n)  /dʒiːnz/ vaqueros
leggings (n)  /ˈleɡɪŋz/ mallas
sandals (n)  /ˈsændlz/ sandalias
shirt (n)  /ʃɜːt/ camisa
shoes (n)  /ʃuːz/ zapatos
shorts (n)  /ʃɔːts/ pantalones cortos
skirt (n)  /skɜːt/ falda
socks (n)  /sɒks/ calcetines
sweatshirt (n)  /ˈswetʃɜːt/ sudadera
top (n)  /tɒp/ top, camiseta
trousers (n)  /ˈtraʊzəz/ pantalones
T-shirt (n)  /ˈtiːʃɜːt/ camiseta de manga corta
7.1 Extra vocabulary
baggy (adj)  /ˈbæɡi/ holgado
collar (n)  /ˈkɒlə(r)/ cuello
fashionable (adj)  helmet (n)  /ˈhelmɪt/ casco
  /ˈfæʃnəbl/ de moda, moderno
hood (n)  /hʊd/ capucha
sleeves (n)  /sliːvz/ mangas
tight (adj)  /taɪt/ ajustado
7.2 Appearance
General appearance
fat (adj)  /fæt/ gordo
of average height (adj)  Shopping for clothes
  /əv ˈævərɪdʒ ˌhaɪt/ de altura media
short (adj)  /ʃɔːt/ bajo, pequeño
slim (adj)  /slɪm/ delgado, esbelto
tall (adj)  /tɔːl/ alto
well-built (adj)  /ˌwel ˈbɪlt/ corpulento
Hair style / type
bald (adj)  /bɔːld/ calvo
curly (adj)  /ˈkɜːli/ rizado
long (adj)  /lɒŋ/ largo
medium-length (adj)  I’m looking for (a new jacket).
  /ˈmiːdiəm ˌleŋθ/ ni corto ni largo
short (adj)  /ʃɔːt/ corto
straight (adj)  /streɪt/ liso
wavy (adj)  /ˈweɪvi/ ondulado
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 7  Vocabulario
Hair colour
blond (adj)  /blɒnd/ rubio
brown (adj)  /braʊn/ castaño
dark (adj)  /dɑːk/ oscuro
ginger (adj)  /ˈdʒɪndʒə(r)/ pelirrojo, rojizo
grey (adj)  /ɡreɪ/ cano
white (adj)  /waɪt/ blanco
Special features
beard (n)  /bɪəd/ barba
freckles (n)  /ˈfreklz/ pecas
glasses (n)  /ˈɡlɑːsɪz/ gafas
moustache (n)  /məˈstɑːʃ/ bigote
7.2 Extra vocabulary
arrest (v)  /əˈrest/ detener, arrestar
rob (v)  /rɒb/ robar
robber (n)  /ˈrɒbə(r)/ ladrón, ladrona
suspect (n)  /ˈsʌspekt/ sospechoso, sospechosa
7.3 Extra vocabulary
breathe (v)  /briːð/ respirar
float (v)  /fləʊt/ flotar
gloves (n)  /ɡlʌvz/ guantes
gravity (n)  /ˈɡrævəti/ gravedad
land (v)  /lænd/ aterrizar
orbit (v)  /ˈɔːbɪt/ girar alrededor de
space station (n)  /speɪs
  ˈsteɪʃn/ estación espacial
space suit (n)  /speɪs suːt/ traje espacial
take off (v)  /ˌteɪk ˈɒf/ despegar
7.4 Functional language
Shop assistant
Can I help you?
What size are you?
What colour would you like?
The changing rooms are …
Does it fit?
Customer
I’m a Small / Medium / Large.
Can I try it / them on?
It’s too big / small.
Can I try a smaller / bigger size?
How much is it / are they?
 Unit 8 Gramática

Past simple: irregular and Past simple: questions

regular verbs Interrogativa Respuestas
breves
Sujeto Afirmativa Negativa
Did I / you / he / go? Yes, I / you / he /
Verbos I / You / He / climbed. didn’t climb.
she / it / she / it /
regulares She / It / lived. didn’t live.
we / they we / they did.
We / They stopped. didn’t stop.
No, I / you / he /
Uso she / it /
El past simple se utiliza para describir acciones y we / they didn’t.
situaciones del pasado. What did I / you / he / do? –
La forma de past simple es la misma para todas las she / it /
we / they
personas del verbo.
 I climbed the mountain. Uso
 He climbed the mountain. La interrogativa del past simple se utiliza para
 They climbed the mountain. preguntar acerca de acciones y situaciones del
Con la mayoría de los verbos regulares, la forma de pasado.
past simple se construye añadiendo -ed.  Did you climb the mountain? Yes, I did.
  walk – walked   explain – explained  Did they go into the cave? No, they didn’t.
La negativa se forma colocando didn’t delante del  What did you do last week? We went to London.
infinitivo del verbo sin to.
 I didn’t go to the beach.  
 We didn’t swim in the river.

Sujeto Afirmativa Negativa

Verbos I / You / He / went. didn’t go.
irregulares She / It / bought. didn’t buy.
We / They
Uso
Los verbos irregulares tienen sus propias formas de
past simple.
  go – went   buy – bought   meet – met
  swim – swam   come – came   make – made

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 8  Gramática

 Unit 8 Vocabulario

8.1 Landscape places 8.2 Extra vocabulary

beach (n)  /biːtʃ/ playa alone (adj)  /əˈləʊn/ solo
cave (n)  /keɪv/ cueva far away (adv)  /ˌfɑːr əˈweɪ/ lejos
cliff (n)  /klɪf/ acantilado leave home (v) 
coral reef (n)  /ˈkɒrəl ˌriːf/ arrecife de coral   /ˌliːv ˈhəʊm/ marcharse de casa
desert (n)  /ˈdezət/ desierto lonely (n)  /ˈləʊnli/ solo
forest (n)  /ˈfɒrɪst/ bosque
island (n)  /ˈaɪlənd/ isla 8.3 Extra vocabulary
jungle (n)  /ˈdʒʌŋɡl/ jungla, selva
mountain (n)  /ˈmaʊntən/ montaña goods (n)  /ɡʊdz/ mercancías, productos
ocean (n)  /ˈəʊʃn/ océano grid (n)  /ɡrɪd/ cuadrícula
rainforest (n)  /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ bosque pluvial/tropical ruins (n)  /ˈruːɪnz/ ruinas, restos
river (n)  /ˈrɪvə(r)/ río site (n)  /saɪt/ lugar
valley (n)  /ˈvæli/ valle stone (n)  /stəʊn/ piedra
waterfall (n)  /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ cascada underground (adj) 
  /ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/ bajo tierra, subterráneo
8.1 Extra vocabulary
8.4 Functional language
ant (n)  /ænt/ hormiga
crab (n)  /kræb/ cangrejo Finding the way
crocodile (n)  /ˈkrɒkədaɪl/ cocodrilo Excuse me, how do I get to …, please?
elephant (n)  /ˈelɪfənt/ elefante
mosquito (n)  /məˈskiːtəʊ/ mosquito
Can you tell me the way to …, please?
shark (n)  /ʃɑːk/ tiburón
squid (n)  /skwɪd/ calamar
Turn left / right … (at the traffic lights).
8.2 Places in town
bakery (n)  /ˈbeɪkəri/ panadería Go straight on.
bookshop (n)  /ˈbʊkʃɒp/ librería
chemist’s (n)  /ˈkemɪsts/ farmacia Go to the end of this street.
church (n)  /tʃɜːtʃ/ iglesia
cinema (n)  /ˈsɪnəmə/ cine
department store (n)  Take the first / second / third left / right.
  /dɪˈpɑːtmənt ˌstɔː(r)/ grandes almacenes
newsagent’s (n)  It’s on the corner / at the end of the street / on the
  /ˈnjuːzeɪdʒənts/ quiosco left / right.
office block (n)  /ˈɒfɪs
 ˌblɒk/ bloque de oficinas
Prepositions
petrol station (n)  /ˈpetrəl
 ˌsteɪʃn/ gasolinera next to
post office (n)  /ˈpəʊst between
 ˌɒfɪs/ (oficina de) Correos on the left / right of
shopping centre (n) 
opposite
  /ˈʃɒpɪŋ ˌsentə(r)/ centro comercial
sports centre (n)  /ˈspɔːts behind
 ˌsentə(r)/ polideportivo in front of
sweet shop (n)  /ˈswiːt
 ˌʃɒp/ tienda de chuches
takeaway (n)  /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ local de comida para llevar
train station (n)  /ˈtreɪn
 ˌsteɪʃn/ estación de ferrocarril

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 8  Vocabulario

 Unit 9 Gramática

will / won’t be going to: affirmative

and negative
Afirmativa
I / You / He / She / will go. Sujeto + be (not) + going to + infinitivo sin to
It / We / They
Afirmativa Negativa
Negativa I’m going to fly. I’m not going to fly.
I / You / He / She / won’t go. You’re going to fly. You going to fly.
It / We / They aren’t
Interrogativa Respuestas breves He’s going to fly. He isn’t going to fly.
Will I / you / go? Yes, I / you / he / she / She’s going to fly. She isn’t going to fly.
he / she / it / we / they will. It’s going to fly. It isn’t going to fly.
it / we / No, I / you / he / she /
We’re going to fly. We aren’t going to fly.
they it / we / they won’t.
You’re going to fly. You going to fly.
Uso aren’t
Will se utiliza para expresar predicciones sobre el
They’re going to fly. They going to fly.
futuro. aren’t
“Will + infinitivo sin to” se utiliza con todas las
personas del verbo.
be going to: questions
 I will build a computer.
 It will be hotter. be + sujeto + going to + infinitivo sin to
 They will move house.
Interrogativa Respuestas breves
La forma contracta ’ll se utiliza en el registro
Am I going to fly? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
informal de la lengua oral y escrita.
Are you going to fly? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
 He’ll be late tomorrow.
 You’ll enjoy the film. Is he going to fly? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Is she going to fly? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
La negativa se construye con won’t + el infinitivo
del verbo sin to. Is it going to fly? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
 People won’t live in space. Are we going to fly? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
 We won’t buy a computer. Are you going to fly? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
La interrogativa con will se utiliza para hacer Are they going to fly? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
preguntas sobre predicciones de futuro. Uso
Nota: en las respuestas breves afirmativas no se Be going to se utiliza para hablar de planes de
utilizan las formas contractas. (Yes, I will. futuro.
NO Yes, I’ll.)  I’m going to play tennis this afternoon.
 Will computers be smaller?  We aren’t going to go to the cinema.
  Yes, they will. La interrogativa de be going to se utiliza para hacer
 Will you fly a plane? preguntas sobre planes de futuro.
  No, I won’t. Nota: en las respuestas breves solo se incluye el
verbo be, sin going to.
 Are you going to travel by bus?   Yes, I am.
 Is he going to work tomorrow?   No, he isn’t.

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 9  Gramática

 Unit 9 Vocabulario

9.1 Computers / technology 9.2 Extra vocabulary

digital camera (n)  cast (n)  /kɑːst/ equipo de actores y actrices
  /ˌdɪdʒɪtl ˈkæmərə/ cámara digital director (n)  /dəˈrektə(r),
e-book (n)  /ˈiː ˌbʊk/ e-book, libro electrónico   dɪ-, daɪ-/ director, directora
games console (n)  /ˈɡeɪmz role (n)  /rəʊl/ papel, personaje
 ˌkɒnsəʊl/ videoconsola scene (n)  /siːn/ escena
keyboard (n)  /ˈkiːbɔːd/ teclado
memory stick (n)  9.3 Extra vocabulary
  /ˈmeməri ˌstɪk/ lápiz de memoria
mobile phone (n)  audience (n)  /ˈɔːdiəns/ público
  /ˈməʊbaɪl fəʊn/ teléfono móvil novel (n)  /ˈnɒvl/ novela
mouse (n)  /maʊs/ ratón perform (v)  /pəˈfɔːm/ actuar
printer (n)  /ˈprɪntə(r)/ impresora sign (v)  /saɪn/ firmar
remote control (n)  thrilling (adj)  /ˈθrɪlɪŋ/ emocionante, apasionante
  /rɪˌməʊt kənˈtrəʊl/ mando a distancia title (n)  /ˈtaɪtl/ titulo
speakers (n)  /ˈspiːkəz/ altavoces
tablet (n)  /ˈtæblət/ tableta, tablet 9.4 Functional language
webcam (n)  /ˈwebkæm/ webcam
Wi-Fi (n)  /ˈwaɪ ˌfaɪ/ wi-fi Making arrangements
What are you doing at the weekend?
9.1 Extra vocabulary
Are you doing anything on Saturday evening?
engineer (n)  /ˌenʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ ingeniero, ingeniera
invention (n)  /ɪnˈvenʃn/ invento
inventor (n)  /ɪnˈventə(r)/ inventor, inventora What are you up to on Saturday night?
light (adj)  /laɪt/ ligero
prediction (n)  /prɪˈdɪkʃn/ predicción What else are you doing?
share (v)  /ʃeə(r)/ compartir
touch screen (n)  /tʌtʃ skriːn/ pantalla táctil
true (adj)  /truː/ cierto, verdad I’m going shopping / having a party / going away for the
weekend.
9.2 Films
action / adventure film (n)  película de acción /
  /ˈækʃn, ədˈventʃə ˌfɪlm/   aventuras
animation (n)  /ænɪˈmeɪʃn/ animación
comedy (n)  /ˈkɒmədi/ comedia
documentary (n) 
  /dɒkjuˈmentri/ documental
drama (n)  /ˈdrɑːmə/ película de género dramático
fantasy film (n)  /ˈfæntəsi película de género
 ˌfɪlm/   fantástico
historical drama (n) 
  /hɪˈstɒrɪkl ˌdrɑːma/ drama histórico
horror film (n)  /ˈhɒrə(r) ˌfɪlm/ película de terror
musical (n)  /ˈmjuːzɪkl/ musical
romantic film (n)  /rəʊˈmæntɪk
 ˌfɪlm/ película romántica
science fiction film (n)  /ˌsaɪəns
  ˈfɪkʃn ˌfɪlm/ película de ciencia ficción
thriller (n)  /ˈθrɪlə(r)/ thriller, película de suspense
western (n)  /ˈwestən/ película de vaqueros

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Unit 9  Vocabulario

 Verbos irregulares
Infinitive Past simple Past participle
ser / estar be /bi/ was / were /wɒz / wɜː(r)/ been /biːn/
volverse become /bɪˈkʌm/ became /bɪˈkeɪm/ become /bɪˈkʌm/
empezar begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ began /bɪˈɡæn/ begun /bɪˈɡʌn/
romper break /breɪk/ broke /brəʊk/ broken /ˈbrəʊkən/
construir build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ built /bɪlt/
comprar buy /baɪ/ bought /bɔːt/ bought /bɔːt/
poder can /kæn/ could /kəd/
coger catch /kætʃ/ caught /kɔːt/ caught /kɔːt/
venir come /kʌm/ came /keɪm/ come /kʌm/
hacer do /duː/ did /dɪd/ done /dʌn/
beber drink /drɪŋk/ drank /dræŋk/ drunk /drʌŋk/
comer eat /iːt/ ate /eɪt/ eaten /ˈiːtn/
caer fall /fɔːl/ fell /fel/ fallen /ˈfɔːlən/
encontrar find /faɪnd/ found /faʊnd/ found /faʊnd/
volar fly /flaɪ/ flew /fluː/ flown /fləʊn/
conseguir get /ɡet/ got /ɡɒt/ got /ɡɒt/
levantarse get up /ɡet ʌp/ got up /ɡɒt ʌp/ got up /ɡɒt ʌp/
dar give /ɡɪv/ gave /ɡeɪv/ given /ˈɡɪvn/
ir go /ɡəʊ/ went /went/ gone / been /ɡɒn / biːn/
tener have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/
esconder hide /haɪd/ hid /hɪd/ hidden /ˈhɪdn/
saber know /nəʊ/ knew /njuː/ known /nəʊn/
aprender learn /lɜːn/ learnt / learned /lɜːnt / lɜːnd/ learnt / learned /lɜːnt / lɜːnd/
salir leave /liːv/ left /left/ left /left/
perder lose /luːz/ lost /lɒst/ lost /lɒst/
hacer make /meɪk/ made /meɪd/ made /meɪd/
conocer meet /miːt/ met /met/ met /met/
leer read /riːd/ read /red/ read /red/
correr run /rʌn/ ran /ræn/ run /rʌn/
decir say /seɪ/ said /sed/ said /sed/
ver see /siː/ saw /sɔː/ seen /siːn/
vender sell /sel/ sold /səʊld/ sold /səʊld/
enviar send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/
sentarse sit /sɪt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/
dormir sleep /sliːp/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/
hablar speak /spiːk/ spoke /spəʊk/ spoken /ˈspəʊkən/
pasar (tiempo) spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/
nadar swim /swɪm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swʌm/
tomar take /teɪk/ took /tʊk/ taken /ˈteɪkən/
enseñar teach /tiːtʃ/ taught /tɔːt/ taught /tɔːt/
contar tell /tel/ told /təʊld/ told /təʊld/
pensar think /θɪŋk/ thought /θɔːt/ thought /θɔːt/
vestir wear /weə(r)/ wore /wɔː(r)/ worn /wɔːn/
escribir write /raɪt/ wrote /rəʊt/ written /ˈrɪtn/

Mosaic 1 Language Trainer  Verbos irregulares