Bimtek BIM

Tekla Structures Foundation Course 2017
Tekla Structures Foundation Course

2017
Lesson I – Lesson X
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Table of Contents
Lesson I – Evolution of BIM & About Tekla Structures ................................................................... 13
1. Evolution of BIM ............................................................................................................. 14
a. Manual Drafting .............................................................................................................. 14
b. Two Dimensional Computer Aided Design (2D CAD) .................................................... 15
c. 3D CAD – Solid Modeling................................................................................................. 15
d. Parametric Modeling ................................................................................................... 15
e. First BIM Software ....................................................................................................... 16
2. What is BIM .................................................................................................................... 17
3. Collaboration and Information Management .................................................................. 17
4. BIM Technology .............................................................................................................. 18
5. Why BIM? ....................................................................................................................... 18
6. BIM Is Not Everywhere.................................................................................................... 18
7. Tekla Structures BIM Software ........................................................................................ 19
8. One software solution, different configurations and environments ................................ 19
9. Other Tekla Products ...................................................................................................... 23
10. Key Benefits .................................................................................................................... 24
11. Main Features ................................................................................................................. 24
12. Starting Tekla Structures ................................................................................................. 26
13. Opening a Tekla Structures model .................................................................................. 29
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 29
14. Tekla Structures Interface ............................................................................................... 30
a. Zoom in and out .............................................................................................................. 31
b. Rotate the model ........................................................................................................ 31
c. Pan the model ................................................................................................................. 31
d. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 31
15. Coordinate System .......................................................................................................... 31
a. Local Coordinate Symbol ................................................................................................. 31
b. Global Coordinate Symbol ........................................................................................... 32
c. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 32
16. Selecting Objects............................................................................................................. 32
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a. Switching rollover highlight on or off .............................................................................. 32

b. Selecting single objects ................................................................................................ 33
c. Selecting multiple objects ............................................................................................... 33
d. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 34
17. View Manipulation .......................................................................................................... 34
a. Part representation options ............................................................................................ 34
b. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 36
c. View list .......................................................................................................................... 36
d. Arranging views ........................................................................................................... 37
e. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 37
f. Switching between 3D and plane view ............................................................................ 38
g. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 38
h. Creating a clip plane .................................................................................................... 38
i. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 39
j. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 40
k. Hiding selected parts....................................................................................................... 40
l. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 41
m. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 41
n. Show selected parts .................................................................................................... 41
o. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 42
p. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 42
q. Flying through the model ............................................................................................ 42
r. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 43
18. Extracting Basic Information ........................................................................................... 43
a. Inquiring the model ........................................................................................................ 43
b. Inquiring model objects ............................................................................................... 43
c. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 44
d. Bill of quantities .......................................................................................................... 44
e. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 45
19. Using Commands ............................................................................................................ 45
a. Repeating a command .................................................................................................... 45
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b. Ending a command ...................................................................................................... 45

c. Undoing a command ....................................................................................................... 45
d. Redoing a command .................................................................................................... 46
Lesson II – Basic Modeling 1 .......................................................................................................... 47
1. Creating a new model ..................................................................................................... 48
2. Grid ................................................................................................................................. 49
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 49
a. Grid Properties................................................................................................................ 50
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 52
b. Grid Views ................................................................................................................... 52
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 54
3. Pad Footing ..................................................................................................................... 55
a. Creating a pad footing ..................................................................................................... 55
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 55
b. Modify a pad footing ................................................................................................... 55
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 56
4. Steel Column ................................................................................................................... 57
a. Creating a steel column................................................................................................... 57
b. Steel column properties .............................................................................................. 58
c. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 59
5. Steel Beam ...................................................................................................................... 60
a. Creating a steel beam ..................................................................................................... 60
b. Steel beam properties ................................................................................................. 61
c. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 62
6. Copying an object ........................................................................................................... 63
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 64
7. Mirroring an object ......................................................................................................... 65
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 65
8. Rotating an object around the z axis ............................................................................... 66
a. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 67
9. Steel Polybeam ............................................................................................................... 68
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a. Creating a steel polybeam ............................................................................................... 68

b. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 69
Lesson III-A – Basic Modeling 2 ..................................................................................................... 71
1. Selection Switches .......................................................................................................... 72
2. Snap switches ................................................................................................................. 73
a. Main snap switches ......................................................................................................... 74
b. Other snap switches .................................................................................................... 74
3. Component ..................................................................................................................... 75
a. Concepts ......................................................................................................................... 75
b. System components .................................................................................................... 76
c. Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 76
4. Add a component to a model .......................................................................................... 76
a. Component status........................................................................................................... 78
b. View a component in a model ..................................................................................... 78
c. Working with the Applications & components catalog .................................................... 80
d. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 81
e. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 82
f. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 82
g. Exercise........................................................................................................................... 83
5. Exploding components .................................................................................................... 83
Lesson III-B – Basic Modeling 3 ...................................................................................................... 84
6. Work area ....................................................................................................................... 85
a. Defining work area .......................................................................................................... 85
b. Temporary hiding the work area ................................................................................. 87
7. View Plane ...................................................................................................................... 87
a. Basic views ...................................................................................................................... 87
b. Create view using two points ....................................................................................... 89
c. Create view using three points ........................................................................................ 89
d. Create view on work plane .......................................................................................... 90
8. Work plane ..................................................................................................................... 90
a. Set work plane parallel to a plane ................................................................................... 91
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b. Set work plane using three points ............................................................................... 92

c. Set work plane parallel to view plane .............................................................................. 92
d. Set work plane using work plane tool .......................................................................... 92
e. Work plane grid ........................................................................................................... 92
f. Shifting work plane ......................................................................................................... 93
g. Restoring the default work plane .................................................................................... 93
h. Exercise ....................................................................................................................... 93
9. Construction objects ....................................................................................................... 95
a. Creating a construction line ............................................................................................ 95
b. Creating a construction circle ...................................................................................... 96
c. Points .............................................................................................................................. 96
d. Creating a point ........................................................................................................... 96
10. Advanced Snapping ......................................................................................................... 97
a. Snapping to a position using coordinates ........................................................................ 97
b. Options for entering coordinates ................................................................................. 97
c. Creating a temporary reference point ............................................................................. 98
d. Lock X, Y or Z coordinate ............................................................................................. 99
Lesson IV – Basic Detailing 1 ........................................................................................................ 100
1. Bolts.............................................................................................................................. 101
a. Creating a bolt group .................................................................................................... 101
b. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 101
c. Bolt Properties .............................................................................................................. 102
d. Changing or adding bolted parts ................................................................................ 105
e. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 105
2. Holes ............................................................................................................................. 106
a. Creating round holes ..................................................................................................... 106
3. Welds............................................................................................................................ 107
a. Creating a weld between parts ..................................................................................... 107
b. Creating a polygon weld ............................................................................................ 107
c. Weld Properties ............................................................................................................ 108
d. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 110
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4. Reinforcements............................................................................................................. 110
a. Reinforcing bar group ................................................................................................... 111
b. Creating a reinforcing bar group ................................................................................ 112
c. Distribution area ........................................................................................................... 113
d. Defining bar grade ..................................................................................................... 114
e. Distribution of bars .................................................................................................... 114
f. Omitting reinforcing bars .............................................................................................. 117
g. Defining hook for reinforcing bar .................................................................................. 118
h. Defining the reinforcing bar cover thickness .............................................................. 119
i. Reinforcing bar group types .......................................................................................... 119
j. Exercise......................................................................................................................... 120
Lesson V – Basic Detailing 2 & Numbering ................................................................................... 122
1. Splitting and combining parts ........................................................................................ 123
a. Splitting parts ................................................................................................................ 123
b. Combining parts ........................................................................................................ 123
2. Cutting a part ................................................................................................................ 124
a. Fitting ........................................................................................................................... 124
b. Line cuts .................................................................................................................... 124
c. Polygon cuts.................................................................................................................. 125
d. Part cuts .................................................................................................................... 126
3. Steel contour plate........................................................................................................ 126
a. Creating a steel contour plate ....................................................................................... 126
b. Adding a corner to a contour plate ............................................................................ 127
c. Corner chamfers ........................................................................................................... 127
4. Working with reinforcement ......................................................................................... 128
a. Attaching reinforcement to parts .................................................................................. 128
b. Modifying reinforcement........................................................................................... 129
c. Ungrouping a reinforcement ......................................................................................... 129
d. Group reinforcements ............................................................................................... 130
e. Adding points to a reinforcement .............................................................................. 130
f. Removing points from a reinforcement......................................................................... 131
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g. Splitting reinforcing bar groups ..................................................................................... 131

h. Splitting reinforcing bars in a group ........................................................................... 131
i. Combining two reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups into one .............................. 131
j. Reinforcement geometry validity .................................................................................. 132
k. Reinforcing bar bending types....................................................................................... 132
l. Exercise......................................................................................................................... 132
5. Basic Numbering ........................................................................................................... 132
a. What is numbering........................................................................................................ 132
b. Numbering objects .................................................................................................... 132
c. Numbering series .......................................................................................................... 133
d. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 134
Lesson VI – Basic Drawings 1 ....................................................................................................... 136
1. Main features of drawings ............................................................................................ 137
2. Drawing Types .............................................................................................................. 137
a. General Arrangement (GA) Drawings ............................................................................ 137
b. Cast Unit Drawings .................................................................................................... 141
c. Assembly Drawings ....................................................................................................... 142
d. Single Part Drawings .................................................................................................. 144
e. Multidrawings ........................................................................................................... 145
3. Finding and opening drawings....................................................................................... 147
a. Opening the Drawing List .............................................................................................. 148
b. What is displayed in the Drawing List ........................................................................ 148
c. Modifying Drawing List contents ................................................................................... 149
d. Selecting drawings in the Drawing List ....................................................................... 149
e. Checking whether parts have drawings ..................................................................... 150
Lesson VII – Basic Drawings 2 ...................................................................................................... 151
1. Renaming drawings ....................................................................................................... 152
2. Giving titles to drawings ................................................................................................ 152
3. Adding views in drawing ............................................................................................... 153
a. Creating a detail view .................................................................................................... 153
b. Creating a section view .............................................................................................. 153
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c. Creating a curved section view ...................................................................................... 154

d. Creating additional views of parts ............................................................................. 154
e. Creating a view of an entire model view .................................................................... 154
f. Creating a view of a selected area in a model view ....................................................... 155
g. Creating a view of a selected area in a drawing view ..................................................... 155
h. Adding single-part views in assembly drawings ......................................................... 155
i. Copy drawing views from another drawing: .................................................................. 156
j. Moving views to another drawing ................................................................................. 156
k. Linking views from another drawing ............................................................................. 156
4. Changing drawing views ................................................................................................ 157
a. Resizing drawing views ................................................................................................. 157
b. Resizing the drawing view boundary ......................................................................... 157
c. Moving drawing views .................................................................................................. 158
d. Aligning views ............................................................................................................ 158
e. Rotating drawing views ............................................................................................. 158
5. Adding Dimensions ....................................................................................................... 159
a. Adding manual dimensions ........................................................................................... 159
b. Adding predefined reinforcement dimensions ........................................................... 161
c. Adding dimension (distribution) lines to reinforcing bars .............................................. 162
6. Editing dimensions ........................................................................................................ 163
a. Moving the end of the dimension line ........................................................................... 163
7. Associative annotation objects...................................................................................... 163
a. Adding part marks ......................................................................................................... 163
b. Adding associative notes ........................................................................................... 163
c. Change symbols ............................................................................................................ 164
8. Independent annotation objects ................................................................................... 165
a. Adding text ................................................................................................................... 166
b. Adding links to text files ............................................................................................ 166
c. Adding hyperlinks ......................................................................................................... 167
d. Adding links to dwg and dxf files................................................................................ 168
9. Grids in drawings .......................................................................................................... 168
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a. Modifying grid and grid line properties ......................................................................... 168

b. Moving grid labels ..................................................................................................... 169
c. Hiding grids or grid lines ................................................................................................ 169
10. Three levels of modifying drawings ............................................................................... 169
a. Drawing level ................................................................................................................ 169
b. View level .................................................................................................................. 170
c. Object level ................................................................................................................... 171
11. Drawing layouts ............................................................................................................ 171
a. Table Layout ................................................................................................................. 172
b. Drawing size .............................................................................................................. 173
Lesson VIII – Collaboration .......................................................................................................... 175
1. Merging two Tekla Structures models ........................................................................... 176
b. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 176
2. Multi-user mode ........................................................................................................... 176
a. General information on the multi-user mode ................................................................ 177
b. Overview of the multi-user system ............................................................................ 177
c. How multi-user works ................................................................................................... 178
d. Modeling in multi-user mode .................................................................................... 179
e. Drawings in multi-user mode ..................................................................................... 182
3. Tekla BIMsight .............................................................................................................. 184
a. Download and installation ............................................................................................ 184
b. Create New Project ................................................................................................... 185
c. Adding a model into a project ....................................................................................... 185
d. Moving a model......................................................................................................... 185
e. Navigation ................................................................................................................. 185
f. Clip Planes .................................................................................................................... 186
g. Validating a model ........................................................................................................ 186
h. Markup...................................................................................................................... 187
i. Commenting ................................................................................................................. 188
j. Documents ................................................................................................................... 188
k. Exercise......................................................................................................................... 189
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l. Exercise......................................................................................................................... 190
m. Exercise (Optional) .................................................................................................... 190
Lesson IX – Interoperability ......................................................................................................... 192
1. Reference Models ......................................................................................................... 193
a. Inserting a reference model .......................................................................................... 193
b. Modifying visibility of a reference model ................................................................... 194
c. Detecting changes in a reference model ....................................................................... 194
d. Viewing reference model layers ................................................................................ 194
e. Clash detection between objects in reference model and Tekla Structures model..... 195
f. Converting IFC objects .................................................................................................. 195
g. Exercise......................................................................................................................... 195
2. Import and export ......................................................................................................... 196
a. Import DWG / DXF files ................................................................................................. 196
b. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 198
c. Export DWG / DXF files ................................................................................................. 198
d. Exporting 3D DGN...................................................................................................... 199
e. Exporting BVBS .......................................................................................................... 199
f. Export DSTV .................................................................................................................. 200
g. CIS and CIMSteel ........................................................................................................... 200
h. Exercise ..................................................................................................................... 203
3. Analysis and design systems.......................................................................................... 203
a. Basics ............................................................................................................................ 204
b. Analysis and design direct links.................................................................................. 205
c. Robot ............................................................................................................................ 205
d. SAP2000 .................................................................................................................... 206
e. STAAD.Pro ................................................................................................................. 206
f. ISM ............................................................................................................................... 206
Lesson X – Open Discussion & Certification Examination ............................................................. 208
Appendix – Additional Exercise ................................................................................................... 209
1. Exercise 1 ...................................................................................................................... 210
2. Exercise 2 ...................................................................................................................... 211
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3. Exercise 3 ...................................................................................................................... 212

4. Exercise 4 ...................................................................................................................... 213
5. Exercise 5 ...................................................................................................................... 214
6. Exercise 6 ...................................................................................................................... 215
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Lesson I – Evolution of BIM & About Tekla Structures
Evolution of BIM & About Tekla

Structures
Lesson I
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1. Evolution of BIM
a. Manual Drafting
Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in architecture,
engineering and construction (AEC) industries. To make the
drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols,
perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems,
visual styles, and page layout.
The basic drafting procedure is to place a piece of paper on

a smooth surface with right-angle corners and straight
sides – typically a drawing board. A sliding straightedge
known as a T-square is then placed on one of the sides,
allowing it to be slid across the side of the table, and over
the surface of the paper.
"Parallel lines" can be drawn simply by moving the T-

square and running a pencil or technical pen along the T-
square's edge, but more typically the T-square is used as a tool to hold other devices such as set
squares or triangles.
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b. Two Dimensional Computer Aided Design (2D CAD)

Many CAD software vendors were founded in the 1970s and many new commercially available CAD
software programs were released. In 1970 M&S Computing (later to become Intergraph) was
established while in the following year Dr. Hanratty founded MCS. In 1972 MCS released the ADAM
CAD software which was rapidly licensed as an OEM product by other CAD software companies,
including Computervision, Gerber Scientific and United Computing and was used as the core (or
kernel) of their commercial CAD software systems.
Most CAD software programs were still 2D replacements for drafting, with the main benefits to
reduce drawing error and increase reusability of drawings.
Beginning in the 1980s computer-aided design programs

reduced the need of draftsmen significantly, especially in
small to mid-sized companies. Their affordability and
ability to run on personal computers also allowed
engineers to do their own drafting and analytic work,
eliminating the need for entire departments.
c. 3D CAD – Solid Modeling

Solid modeling is a consistent set of principles for
mathematical and computer modeling of 3D solids.
Solid modeling is distinguished from related areas of
geometric modeling and computer graphics by its
emphasis on physical fidelity. Together, the principles
of geometric and solid modeling form the foundation
of CAD and in general support the creation, exchange,
visualization, animation, interrogation, and
annotation of digital models of physical objects.
The use of solid modeling techniques allows for the

automation of several difficult engineering
calculations that are carried out as a part of the design
process. Simulation, planning, and verification of processes such as machining and assembly were
one of the main catalysts for the development of solid modeling.
d. Parametric Modeling
Parametric modeling represented a different approach to CAD compared to 2D drafting or 3D
modeling. It was often called Feature Based modeling. Parts were composed of features of positive
or negative space. A positive space could be an extruded boss, a negative space could be a hole or
segment that was cut away. Often the feature was sketched 2 dimensionally and extruded, revolved
or swept into a 3 dimensional object.
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In 2D CAD designs were object driven. That meant if you changed the object the dimension would
change. In Parametric Modeling designs were dimension driven. Changed the dimension and the
object would change.
In this system you sketched a feature and made

it 3D. Objects of the sketch and dimensions
could be "constrained". Constraints were
elements that enhance design intent. Some
common constraints were making sketch
elements parallel, perpendicular, tangent,
coincident, horizontal or vertical.
Mathematical equations could also be setup
within dimensions and features can have a
hierarchical relationship.
e. First BIM Software

ArchiCAD is an architectural BIM CAD
software for Macintosh and Windows
developed by the Hungarian company
Graphisoft. ArchiCAD offers
specialized solutions for handling all
common aspects of aesthetics and
engineering during the whole design
process of the built environment —
buildings, interiors, urban areas, etc.
Development of ArchiCAD started in

1982 for the original Apple Macintosh.
ArchiCAD is recognized as the first
CAD product on a personal computer
able to create both 2D drawings and parametric 3D geometry. In its debut in 1987 ArchiCAD also
became the first implementation of BIM under Graphisoft's "Virtual Building" concept.
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2. What is BIM
“With BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, one or more accurate virtual models of a
building are constructed digitally. They support design through its phases, allowing better analysis
and control than manual processes. When completed, these computer-generated models contain
precise geometry and data needed to support the construction, fabrication, and procurement
activities through which the building is realized.”
This definition of Building Information Modeling in the Handbook of BIM (Eastman, Teicholz, Sacks
& Liston 2011, http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470541377.html)
encompasses a lot starting from a technology to embracing the whole construction process.
3. Collaboration and Information Management

At Tekla, we think that the I like Information in BIM is an extremely significant letter. In the US, the
National Building Information Model Standard (NBIMS-US™, http://www.nationalbimstandard.org/)
Project Committee sees Building Information Models as shared knowledge resource for information
about a facility, while collaboration of stakeholders is another basic feature.
Working with others can be a pain point in a project. According to the NBIMS-US™ Project
Committee, “Buildings cost more than they should to design, build and sustain and they take too
long to deliver. We must do a better job of collaborating between the many stakeholders involved
in the building process.” In the US, a study by NIST
(http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build04/art022.html) shows that lack of interoperability causes
owners an additional cost of 15.8 billion dollars every year. The construction industry could
definitely benefit from better communication and information management.
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4. BIM Technology
BIM means automation of the use of information – creation of information became automated
already when CAD arrived. From software, BIM asks for accuracy and capability to handle lots of
information, and in practice also compatibility with other solutions as otherwise achieving a
collaborative workflow would be challenging at best. Tekla has chosen Open BIM and constructable
models as we want to make good BIM workflows achievable for our customers.
5. Why BIM?
The users list many benefits of BIM. Companies that utilize BIM, like Skanska
(http://group.skanska.com/BIM) and Barton Malow (http://www.bartonmalow.com/bim), have
reported benefits for scheduling, estimation and risk analysis, more collaborative processes and
better facility management. BIM also brings the opportunity to try out solutions in advance before
building the structure on site: with a constructable model, the structure can be prototyped virtually.
Project parties can understand and review the design more easily, which helps guarantee its
accuracy and completeness, and visualize and evaluate alternatives in terms of cost and other
project parameters. BIM has gathered compliments for improved communication between project
parties and generally better quality.
6. BIM Is Not Everywhere

All models representing a building are not BIM, for example those models that contain only visual
3D data but no object attributes, or those that allow changes to dimensions in one view but do not
automatically reflect those changes in other views. These examples miss the above-mentioned data
for supporting the construction, fabrication, and procurement.
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7. Tekla Structures BIM Software
Models created with Tekla software carry the accurate, reliable and detailed information needed
for successful Building Information Modeling and construction execution. Welcome smoother
workflow to your company with Tekla Structures and constructable models.
Tekla works with all materials and the most complex structures – you set the limits. Our customers
have used Tekla Structures to stadia, offshore structures, plants and factories, residential buildings,
bridges and skyscrapers.
8. One software solution, different configurations and

environments
Tekla Structures is one product available in different configurations that provide specialized sets of
functionalities to suit the needs of the construction industry. Tekla Structures can be used to cover
the entire building process from conceptual design to fabrication, erection and construction
management.
Tekla also offers configurations of Tekla Structures for students for both home and classroom use.
For more information, visit www.tekla.com/solutions/students.
The help covers the content of the Full configuration, so the configuration you are using may not
contain all the described features.
Feature Map
The features included in different configurations are:
Configuration Full Steel Detailing Precast Rebar Engineering Construction Primary Project Viewer Drafter
Feature Concrete Detailing Modeling
Detailing
Viewing ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Grids, ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
construction
lines, points
Building ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔1
elements
Assemblies ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
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Detailing
Precast cast ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
units
Pour modeling ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2
Pour viewing ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2 ✔2
Cast in Place ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
cast units
Numbering ✔ ✔6 ✔ ✔3 ✔
Assigning ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
control
numbers
Conceptual ✔ ✔ ✔
components
Steel ✔ ✔ ✔
components
Concrete ✔ ✔ ✔5 ✔
components
Lotting ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Sequencer ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
User-defined ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔4
attributes
Project status ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
visualization
(4D)
Multi-user ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Locking ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Clash check ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔4 ✔4
manager
Task manager ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Organizer ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔4 ✔4
Printing and publishing
Printing and ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
plotting
Publish models ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
External editors
Symbol Editor ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Template ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Editor
Drawings, plans and reports
Creating ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
general
arrangement
drawings (plan,
section,
erection)
Modifying ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
general
arrangement
drawings (plan,
section,
erection)
Creating steel ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
fabrication
drawings
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Detailing
(single-part
drawings)
Modifying ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
steel
fabrication
drawings
(single-part
drawings)
Creating steel ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
fabrication
drawings
(assembly
drawings)
steel
fabrication
drawings
(assembly
drawings)
Creating ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
precast
concrete
drawings (cast
unit drawings)
precast
concrete
drawings (cast
unit drawings)
Creating cast- ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
in-place
concrete
drawings (cast
unit drawings)
Modifying ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
cast-in-place
concrete
drawings (cast
unit drawings)
Anchor bolt ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
plans
Reports ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Interoperability
Export CNC, ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
DSTV
Steel MIS links ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Import 2D and ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
3D DWG, DXF
Export 3D ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
DWG, DXF,
DGN
Export ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
drawings (DXF,
DWG)
Import and ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
export CAD
and FEM
packages
IFC 2x3 export ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
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Detailing
CIS/2 import ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
and export
EliPlan import ✔ ✔ ✔
and export
BVBS export ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
HMS export ✔ ✔ ✔
Unitechnik ✔ ✔ ✔
export
View reference ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
models
Attach ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
reference
models (DXF,
DWG, DGN,
3DD, IFC, XML,
PDF)
Analyzing
Create analysis ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
model
Analysis and ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Design
interface
Loads ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Open API
Open API ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔4
capabilities
✔1 = Limitation: 2500 parts, 5000 reinforcing bars + reinforcing bar groups, unlimited number of bolts.
✔2 = Pours are enabled by an advanced option.
✔3 = Numbering is limited to cast-in-place parts, cast units and reinforcing bars.
✔4 = View only.
✔5 = Only Cast in Place concrete components.
✔6 = Numbering is limited to steel parts and cast units.
Tekla Structures has 30 localized environments and 14 user interface language to make using and
implementing the software easier around the world.
Environments available in Tekla Structures

Default environment Australasia
Austria Brazil
China Czech
Finland France
Germany Greece
Hungary India
Italy Japan
Middle-East Netherlands
Norway Poland
Portugal Russia
South Africa South America
South-East Asia Spain
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Sweden Switzerland
Taiwan United Kingdom
United States (Imperial) United States (Metric)
9. Other Tekla Products
Tekla Model Sharing Tekla Structural Designer

Tekla Model Sharing allows Tekla Structures Analyze and design buildings efficiently and
project teams to work efficiently together. profitably.
Tekla BIMsight Tekla Tedds

The professional tool for construction project Powerful software to automate your repetitive
collaboration. structural calculations.
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Tekla Field3D Tekla Civil

BIM collaboration in your pocket. Powerful product model and editing tools for
managing infrastructure data.
10. Key Benefits

 Collaborate and integrate thanks to open BIM approach.
 Model all materials.
 Handle even the largest, most complex structures.
 Create accurate, constructable models.
 Let information flow from design and detailing to construction site.
11. Main Features

Tekla Structures includes the following features:
 Easy modelling of basic objects, such as beams, columns and slabs.
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 Catalogs of available material grades, profiles, bolts and reinforcements.
 Modeling tools to create complex structures, such as staircases
 Intelligent connections
25
 Custom component editor, that you can use to create your own parametric connections,
details and parts
 Links to industrial standard formats, such as IFC

 Drawing tools
 Data output to CNC machines
 Tekla Open API, that makes extension development possible
12. Starting Tekla Structures

To start Tekla Structures:
 Click the Windows Start button

 Click All apps
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 Go to the Tekla Structures 2016i menu item

 Click the Tekla Structures 2016i icon
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 Wait for the login dialog box to appear

 Select the environment: South-East Asia
 Select role: All
 Select license: Full (or Educational)
 Click OK
Tekla Structures start-up user interface:
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13. Opening a Tekla Structures model

To open an existing Tekla Structures model:
 Click All Models

 Click Browse
 Browse to your model folder
 Click Select Folder
a. Exercise
Open a Tekla Structures model “Lesson 1” that has been supplied to you.
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14. Tekla Structures Interface
1. This is your Tekla Structures model. If you are starting a completely new project, you will
only see the default model view and an empty grid at this point.
2. The box around the grid represents the work area. In a view, you can only see the parts that
are within this area. Objects that are outside the work area exist in the model, but they are
not visible. You can shrink and expand the work area to suit your needs. You can also hide
the work area box.
3. The coordinate symbol with the three axes x, y, and z represents the local coordinate system.
It also indicates the direction of the model.
4. The green cube symbol represents the global coordinate system and it lies at the global
origin (x=0, y=0, z=0).
5. The ribbon contains all the commands and other functions you will use when building your
model. You can hide some tabs if you do not need them in your current project.
6. If you cannot find the command you are looking for, search with Quick Launch.
7. When you create objects, the status bar will tell you how to proceed and when to pick points.
8. The File menu is where you manage your models. You can save models, print drawings,
and import and export models, among other things.
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9. The selection switches control which objects you can select.
10. The snap switches control which positions you can pick when creating objects.
11. Use the side pane on the right-hand side of the screen to add reference models and
components.
a. Zoom in and out

To zoom in and out the model:
 Pan the model using mouse wheel

o Zoom in – Scroll forward with the mouse wheel.
o Zoom out – Scroll backward with the mouse wheel.
b. Rotate the model

To rotate the model:
 Rotate the model using the middle mouse button

o Hold down the Ctrl key, click and drag with the middle mouse button to
rotate the model.
o To relocate the centre of rotation, press v, pick a position in the view.
c. Pan the model

To pan the entire model:
 Pan the model using the middle mouse button

o Hold down the middle mouse button and drag the model anywhere
within the view window.
d. Exercise
Open an existing model, try rotate, move and zoom the model.
15. Coordinate System

a. Local Coordinate Symbol
The symbol with three axes (x, y and z) represents the local coordinate system.
It is located in the lower right corner
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The coordinate symbol follows the local coordinate system of the model
b. Global Coordinate Symbol

The green cube symbol represents the global coordinate system and lies at the
global point of origin.
c. Exercise
Rotate the model and observe changes on the local and global coordinate symbol.
16. Selecting Objects

You need to select objects to carry out many Tekla Structures commands.
Tekla Structures highlights the selected objects. The number of selected objects and handles is
displayed in the bottom right corner of the status bar.
a. Switching rollover highlight on or off

When you move the mouse pointer over objects in rendered model views, Tekla
Structures highlights the objects in yellow, so that you can easily see which objects you
can select.
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To switch rollover highlight on or off:
 Press H
b. Selecting single objects

To select a single object:
 Click the object with left mouse button
c. Selecting multiple objects

To select multiple objects:
 Window-select:
o Hold down the mouse left button and drag the mouse from left to right
to select objects that are completely within that rectangular area
 Cross-select:
o Hold down mouse left button and drag the mouse from right to left to
select objects that are completely or partly within that rectangular area
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d. Exercise
Select all steel columns by using cross-selection method.
17. View Manipulation

a. Part representation options
Options on how parts are displayed in Tekla Structures:
 Wireframe
o Part outlines are displayed, surfaces are not.
o Parts are transparent.
o Ctrl-1 for parts.
o Shift-1 for components.
Ctrl-1, Shift-2 Shift-1, Ctrl-2
 Rendered Wireframe
o Parts outlines are displayed.
o Parts are transparent.
o Surfaces are rendered.
o Ctrl-2 for parts.
o Shift-2 for components.
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Ctrl-2, Shift-2
 Grayscale
o Objects are shown in grayscale.
o Ctrl-3 for parts
o Shift-3 for components
 Rendered
o Part surfaces are displayed
o Parts are not transparent
o Ctrl-4 for parts
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 Show Only Selected

o Selected parts are displayed.
o Other parts are almost completely transparent
o Ctrl-5 for parts
b. Exercise
Experience yourself the use of shortcut Ctrl-1 to 5 and Shift-1 to 5
c. View list
A view is a representation of a model from a specific location and viewing angle. Each
view is displayed in its own window inside Tekla Structures window.
To view and open an existing view:
 On the View tab, click View list to open the Views dialog box.
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In Views dialog box, invisible named views are displayed on the left, and all
visible views are shown on the right.
d. Arranging views
Views can be manually arranged by dragging and dropping each view within Tekla
Structures window.
Alternatively, views can be automatically arranged by Tekla Structures.
To arrange views automatically:
 On the View tab, click Window, and then

o to arrange all open views in a stack, click Cascade
o to arrange all open views horizontally, click Tile Horizontally
o to arrange all open views vertically, click Tile Vertically
o to close all views, click Close All
e. Exercise
Close all views, open and tile vertically the following views:
 Plan 1F
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 Roof Plan
 Elevation 24
 3d
f. Switching between 3D and plane view

To switch between 3D and plane view:
 Mouse left-click on the view

 Press Ctrl-P
g. Exercise
Open Roof Plan view, and switch the view between 3D and plane view
h. Creating a clip plane

Clip planes allow you to focus on the required detail in a model.
To create a clip plane:
 Mouse click anywhere in a view window

 Mouse right-click to display the drop down menu
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 Select Create Clip Plane

 Select a surface plane
 Press Esc to finish creating the clip plane
 To move a clip plane, click the clip plane symbol and drag it to a new
location
 To delete a clip plane, click the clip plane symbol and press Delete
i. Exercise
Create several clip planes to get a view as shown below.
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j. Exercise
Delete all clip planes
k. Hiding selected parts

To hide selected parts:
 Select parts to hide

 Press Shift key and select Hide
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To make the hidden parts visible again:
 Mouse right-click
 Select Redraw view
l. Exercise
Hide some of the hollow core slabs
m. Exercise
Make the hidden parts visible again.
n. Show selected parts

To hide all unselected parts in a view:
 Select parts to show

 Press Shift key and select Show Only Selected
To make the hidden parts visible again:
 Select Redraw view
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o. Exercise
Select one of the columns and hide the rest.
p. Exercise
Make all hidden parts visible again.
q. Flying through the model

Using the Fly command, you can travel through a model, changing direction and varying
the speed as you go.
To fly through a model:
 Set view projection to Perspective

o Mouse double-click the view to open the View Properties dialog box
o In the Projection list box, select Perspective
o Click Modify button
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 On the View tab, click Fly, and then
 Select a view
o The mouse pointer changes into an arrow and a cross
o The arrow indicates the current flying direction
 Drag the mouse to move around in the model

o To fly forward, move the mouse forward
o To change the flying direction, drag the mouse in the desired direction
o To move up or down, hold down Ctrl and drag the mouse forward or
backward
o To change the camera angle, scroll with the mouse wheel
o To fly in the direction of the camera angle, hold down shift and scroll
forward or backward.
 To stop flying, press Esc
r. Exercise
Try flying thru the model.
18. Extracting Basic Information

a. Inquiring the model
To inquire information about model size:
 On the ribbon, click Inquire objects > Model size
b. Inquiring model objects

To inquire information about object properties:
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 On the ribbon, click Inquire objects > Object

 Click a part
c. Exercise
Find out concrete volume required for a pilecap.
d. Bill of quantities
You can create accurate report of the information included in models.
To create reports:
44
 On the Drawings & reports tab, click Reports.
 Select a report template from the list

 Optional: Under Titles in reports, enter report titles you want to use
 Optional: In the Name box, enter a name for the report file
 Optional: Set the report options on the Options tab
 Unless you want to create a report of the entire model, select objects you want
to include in the report
 To create report for the entire model, click Create from all
 To create report for selected objects, click Create from selected.
e. Exercise
What is the total weight of all the steel columns?
19. Using Commands

In previous sessions, you have used several Tekla Structures commands, such as Fly, Redraw view,
Inquire Object and Create Clip Plane
a. Repeating a command
To repeat the last command:
 Press Enter
b. Ending a command
To cancel or end a command, do one of the following:
 Mouse right click > Interrupt

 Press Esc
c. Undoing a command
To undo a command, do one of the following
 Click
 Press Ctrl + Z
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 In the Quick Launch box, type undo and press Enter
d. Redoing a command
To redo a command, do one of the following:
 Click
 Press Ctrl + Y
 In the Quick Launch box, type redo and press Enter
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Lesson II – Basic Modeling 1
Basic Modeling 1
Lesson II
47
1. Creating a new model

To create a new model:
Create a separate model for each Tekla Structures project. Each model is stored in its own folder
under the TeklaStructuresModels folder.
 On the File menu, click New.

 In the Name box, enter a name for the new model.
o Do not use special characters ( / \ ; : | ). We recommend that you try to decide
on a permanent name at this point. The name of the model can be changed
afterwards, but it involves changing several file names.
 Define where to save the new model.
o By default, the model is saved in the TeklaStructuresModels folder that was
created during installation. You can change the default folder by clicking
Browse. You can also select a recently used folder from the Save in list.
 If you want to use a model template, select one.
 Under Type, define whether to run Tekla Structures in single-user or multi-user mode.
o Single-user: the model will be used by one person at a time.
o Multi-user: the model is stored on a server and may be used by several people
simultaneously. Enter the name of the server in the Server box.
 Click Create.
o Tekla Structures creates the model and opens the default model view. The
contents of the model view may differ based on the model template you chose
earlier.
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2. Grid
Grids are used as an aid in locating objects in a Tekla Structures model.
A grid represents a three-dimensional complex of horizontal and vertical planes.
The grid is shown on the view plane using dash-and-dot lines
a. Exercise
Toggle the grid line view from 3D to plane view
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Hint:
Switching between 3D and plane view, Lesson 1
a. Grid Properties
50
1
2
6
4 3
1 2 1. Grid x and y coordinates

 x and y coordinates are relative.
 Entries for x and y are always relative to the previous entry.
 Two ways to enter the x and y coordinates:
i. Define the coordinates individually ( 0 4000 4000 )
ii. Define several grid lines with equal spacing ( 0 2*4000 )
 Use a zero at the start to represent a grid on 0,0 coordinate
 Use a spaces as separators for the coordinates
6 2. Grid z coordinates
 z coordinates are absolute, which means that entries for z are
absolute distances from the global coordinates.
 z coordinates are elevations in the structure.
3 3. Origin
 The coordinates of the grid origin in the global X, Y and Z directions.
4 4. Line extensions
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 It defines how far the grid lines extend in the directions Left/Below
and Right/Above
5 5. Labels
 These are the names of each individual grid line.
a. Exercise
Modify the existing grid to settings as shown in picture below.
Elevations of first and second floor is 0.0m and 3.5m respectively.
Labels for elevations are +0.0 and +3.5
b. Grid Views
Grid views are views along the grid lines.
To create grid views:
 Select the grid

 Mouse right-click > Create View > Along Grid Lines…
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 Click Create
53
 The Views dialog box appears.
 Click the arrow buttons to show or hide grid views.
a. Exercise
Open views Grid 1, Plan +0, Grid K and 3d and tile them as shown in the picture below.
54
3. Pad Footing
a. Creating a pad footing
To create a pad footing:
 On the Concrete tab, click Footing > Pad footing
 Pick the pad footing position
a. Exercise
Create pad footings into positions L/1, L/3 and K/2 at 0.0m level.
b. Modify a pad footing

To modify a pad footing:
 Double-click the pad footing
55
 Use the Pad Footing Properties dialog box to modify the properties
 Click Modify button
a. Exercise
Modify the pad footing to the following properties:
Profile size: 750*750
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Material grade : C35
Footing top level: 0.0, bottom level: -550
Class: 2
4. Steel Column
a. Creating a steel column
To create a steel column:
 On the Steel tab, click Column
 Pick the position of the column
57
b. Steel column properties
Option Description
Part prefix and start number The part mark series of the column.
Assembly prefix and start The assembly mark series of the column.
number
Name The user-definable name of the column.
Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists, and
to identify parts of the same type.
Profile The profile of the column.
Material The material of the column.
Finish The type of finish.
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Option Description
Finish is user-definable. It describes how the part surface has

been treated, e.g. with anti-corrosive paint, hot galvanized, fire
retardant coating, etc.
Class Used to group columns.
For example, you can display parts of different classes in different

colors.
User-defined attributes User-defined properties of the column.
Vertical The position of the column, relative to its handle.
Rotation How the column is rotated around its axis.
Horizontal The horizontal position of the column, relative to its handle.
Top The position of the second end of the column in the global z
direction.
Bottom The position of the first end of the column in the global z
direction.
Deforming tab Warping, cambering, and shortening of the column.
c. Exercise
Create steel columns at grid intersection L/1, L/3 and K/2.
Size: UC152*152*23
Material: S275
Bottom Level: 0.0m, Top Level: 3.5m
Class: 3
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5. Steel Beam
a. Creating a steel beam
To create a steel beam:
 On the Steel tab, click Beam > Steel beam
 Pick the starting point

 Pick the end point
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b. Steel beam properties
Option Description
Part prefix and start number The part mark series of a beam.
Assembly prefix and start The assembly mark series of the beam.
number
Name The user-definable name of the beam.
Tekla Structures uses part names in reports and drawing lists, and
to identify parts of the same type.
Profile The profile of a beam.
Material The material of a beam.
Finish The type of finish.
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Option Description
Finish is user-definable. It describes how the part surface has

been treated, e.g. with anti-corrosive paint, hot galvanized, fire
retardant coating, etc.
Class Used to group beams.
For example, you can display parts of different classes in different

colors.
User-defined attributes User-defined properties of a beam.
On plane The position of a beam on the work plane.
Rotation How much a beam is rotated around its axis on the work plane.
At depth The position of a beam, in terms of depth perpendicular to the

work plane.
End offset The offsets of beam ends, relative to the beam’s handles.
Radius The plane of curvature and radius of a curved beam.
Number of segments The number of segments Tekla Structures uses when drawing a
curved beam.
Deforming tab Warping, cambering, and shortening of the column.
c. Exercise
Create two steel beams accordingly to picture shown below.
Steel beam along grid line L : UB406*140*39
Steel beam along grid line 2: UB305*102*33
Class: 4
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6. Copying an object
To copy an object:
 Select the object to copy

 Mouse right-click > Copy
 Pick the origin for copying

 Pick one or more destination points
63
a. Exercise
Create additional parts in your model by copying object.
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7. Mirroring an object
When you copy or move an object, you can mirror it through a plane that is perpendicular to the
plane and passes through a line you specify
To mirror an object:
 Select the objects to copy or move

 Mouse right-click > Copy Special / Move Special > Mirror…
 Pick the starting point of the mirror plane

 Pick the end point of the mirroring plane
 Click Copy / Move
a. Exercise
Mirror parts as shown in the picture.
65
8. Rotating an object around the z axis

To rotate an object around the z axis:
 Select the objects to copy or more
66
 Select Z in the Around list box

 Pick a point to define the rotation axis
 If you are copying, enter the number of copies

 Optional: Enter the dz value, which is the difference in position between the original
and copied object in the z direction
 Enter the rotation angle
 Click Copy or Move
a. Exercise
Create additional parts to the model by copy-rotate, as shown in the picture below.
Angle of rotation: 30 degree.
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9. Steel Polybeam
A polybeam can contain straight and curved segments.
a. Creating a steel polybeam

To create a steel polybeam:
 On the Steel tab, click Beam > Polybeam
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 Pick the points you want the beam to go through

 Click mouse middle button to finish picking
b. Exercise
Create a polybeam as shown in the picture below.
Polybeam size: UB203*102*23
Class: 5
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70
Lesson III-A – Basic Modeling 2
Basic Modeling 2
Lesson III-A
71
Selection Switches
Selection switches are commands that control selection of objects.
Main selection switches control whether you can select objects in a component or assembly
hierarchy. These switches have the highest priority.
Main selection switches
Switch Selectable objects Description
Components When you click any object belonging to a

component, Tekla Structures selects the
component symbol and highlights (but does not
select) all component objects.
Component objects Objects created automatically by a component

can be selected.
Assemblies and cast units When you click any object in an assembly or a
cast unit, Tekla Structures selects the assembly
or cast unit and highlights all objects in the same
assembly or cast unit.
Objects in assemblies and cast units You can select single objects in assemblies and
cast units.
Use other selection switches to control which object types you want to select.
Other selection switches
Switch Selectable objects Description
Any objects Turns all switches on. You can select all object
types, except for single bolts.
Components You can select component symbols.
Parts You can select parts, such as columns, beams, or

plates.
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Surface treatments and surfaces You can select surface treatments and surfaces.
Points You can select points.
Construction lines and circles You can select construction lines and circles.
Reference models You can select entire reference models.
Grids You can select entire grids by selecting one line

in the grid.
Grid lines You can select single grid lines.
Welds You can select welds.
Cuts and added material You can select line, part, and polygon cuts,
fittings, and added material.
Views You can select model views.
Bolt group You can select entire bolt groups by selecting

one bolt in the group.
Single bolts You can select single bolts.
Reinforcing bars You can select reinforcing bars and bar groups.
Pour breaks You can select pour breaks.
Planes You can select construction planes.
Distances You can select distances.
Tasks You can select Task Manager tasks.
1. Snap switches
Use the snap switches to control which positions you can pick in the model or drawing. By using
snap switches, you can position objects precisely without having to know the coordinates. You can
use snap switches whenever Tekla Structures prompts you to pick a point.
Click the snap switches on the Snapping toolbar to switch them on or off. If there is more than one
point available to snap to, press the Tab key to cycle forward through the snap points, and Shift+Tab
to cycle backwards through them. Click the left mouse button to select the appropriate point.
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a. Main snap switches
Main snap switches
The two main switches define whether you can snap to reference points or any other points on
objects. These switches have the highest priority. If both these switches are off, you cannot snap to
any positions, even if all the other switches are on.
Switch Snap positions Description Symbol
Reference lines You can snap to object reference points Large

and points (points that have handles).
Geometry lines and You can snap to any points on objects. Small
points
b. Other snap switches
Other snap switches
Switch Snap positions Description Symbol
Points Snaps to points and grid line intersections.
End points Snaps to end points of lines, polyline segments, and arcs.
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Centers Snaps to centers of circles and arcs.
Midpoints Snaps to midpoints of lines, polyline segments, and arcs.
Intersections Snaps to intersections of lines, polyline segments, arcs, and

circles.
Perpendicular Snaps to points on objects that form a perpendicular

alignment with another object.
Line extensions Snaps to the line extensions of nearby objects, and reference
and geometry lines of drawing objects.
Any position Snaps to any position.
Nearest point Snaps to the nearest points on objects, e.g. any point on part
edges or lines.
Lines Snaps to grid lines, reference lines, and the edges of existing
objects.
Dimensions and Snaps to annotation geometries in drawings.

marks
Available only in drawings.
2. Component
a. Concepts
Components are tools that you can use to connect parts in the model. Components automate tasks
and group objects so that Tekla Structures treats them as a single unit. You can save the properties
of a component and use them in other projects.
Components adapt to changes in the model, which means that Tekla Structures automatically
modifies a component if you modify the parts it connects. When you copy or move objects, Tekla
Structures automatically copies or moves all the associated components with the objects.
All components are stored in the Applications & components catalog. Click the Applications &
components button in the side pane to open the Applications & components catalog.
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b. System components
Tekla Structures contains a wide range of predefined system components by default. There are
three types of system components:
 Connection components connect two or more parts, and create all the required objects such
as cuts, fittings, parts, bolts, and welds.
For example, end plates, clip angles, and bolted gussets are connections.
In the Applications & components catalog, the connection symbol is .
 Detail components add a detail or a reinforcement to the main part. A detail is only
connected to one part.
For example, stiffeners, base plates, and lifting hooks are steel details, and beam
reinforcement and pad footing reinforcement are concrete details.
In the Applications & components catalog, the detail symbol is .
 Detailing components automatically create and assemble the parts to build a structure, but
do not connect the structure to existing parts.
For example, stairs, frames, and towers are detailing components.
In the Applications & components catalog, the detailing symbol is .
You can also create your own components, custom components if you do not find a system
component that suits your needs. You can use custom components in the same way as system
components.
c. Discussion
• What is an assembly?
• What is a cast unit?
3. Add a component to a model

When you add a component to a model, you either attach the component to existing parts in the
model, or pick positions to indicate the location or length of the component.
Connections and details have a main part that you select first. Connections also have one or more
secondary parts that you select after you have selected the main part. Detailing components do not
always have a main part and secondary parts. Instead, they automatically create and assemble the
parts to build a structure when you pick a position in the model.
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If you use a component you are unfamiliar with, use the default properties of the component. Then
check what needs to be modified, and modify only few properties at a time to see how the
modifications affect the component. This is quicker than trying to set all the component properties
before seeing what the component actually creates.
Tekla Structures opens a command prompt when you add a component. Do not close the prompt
window, because it displays information on adding the component. This information can be useful
in problem situations.
1. Click the Applications & components button in the side pane to open the Applications
& components catalog.
You can also press Ctrl + F.
2. Select a component and do one of the following:
To Do this
1. Select the main part.

Add a connection
2. Select the secondary part or parts.
 If there is one secondary part, the connection is automatically
created when you select the secondary part.
 If there are several secondary parts, click the middle mouse
button to finish selecting the parts and to create the connection.
In the example image below, the numbers from 1 to 4 show the
selection order of parts. The blue parts should already exist in the model
before you create the component.
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1. Select the main part.

Add a detail
2. Pick a position in the main part to determine the location of the detail.
Add a detailing Pick one to three positions to determine the location of the objects that
the detailing component creates.
component
a. Component status
When you have added the component, Tekla Structures shows the component status using the
symbols shown in the table below. Double-click the symbol to open the component properties.
Color Status
The green symbol shows that the component was created successfully.
The detailing component symbol in the model is .
The yellow symbol shows that the component was created, but has problems.
This often occurs when bolts or holes have an edge distance that is less than the
default value.
The red symbol shows that the component was not created.
Common reasons are that the properties are incorrect or that the up direction is not
appropriate.
b. View a component in a model

You can create several views of a component to view it from different viewpoints.
1. Click the component symbol in the model to select the component.
2. Right-click and select Create View > Default Views of Component.
Tekla Structures creates four views: front, end, top, and perspective.
The example image shows the default views of the End plate (144) connection.
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c. Working with the Applications & components catalog
Click the Applications & components button in the side pane to open the Applications &
components catalog. You can also press Ctrl + F.
Components are stored in the Applications & components catalog and organized into two different
types of groups.
The groups are shown against different background colors in the catalog.
 Default groups are automatically available:
 Recent contains the 12 components and applications that have most recently been
used in the model.
 Ungrouped items contains the components and applications that are not in any
predefined groups.
 Ungrouped items can be, for example, imported components that have not been
moved to any other group yet.
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 Applications contains applications, macros and drawing plugins. If you create your
own macros, you can add them to this group.
 Connections contains connections and seams.
 Detailing contains detailing components.
 Details contains details.
 Parts contains custom parts.
 Legacy catalog shows the folder structure of the Component Catalog used in
previous Tekla Structures versions if Component Catalog catalog definition files are
found in the standard folder search paths.
 Depending on your environment, the catalog may also contain predefined groups for specific
usage, such as Steel > Beam to beam connections. You can create your own groups
according to your needs, for example, your own favorite connections.
Model-specific components are shown only in the model view and drawing-specific components are
shown only in the drawing view.
d. Exercise
Apply the connection 1014 to the base of steel column.
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e. Exercise
Using system component 77, apply reinforcement to the pilecaps.
f. Exercise
Apply system component Full depth S (185) on beam to beam joint.
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g. Exercise
Apply system component Column seating (39) with details as shown in the pictures
Below.
4. Exploding components
Explode Components ungroups the objects in an existing component, you can then
remove and modify parts and other objects in the component.
To explode a component:
 Select the component to explode

 Mouse right-click > Explode Component
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Lesson III-B – Basic Modeling 3
Basic Modeling 3
Lesson III-B
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5. Work area
Tekla Structures indicates the work area of a view using green, dashed lines.
You can define the work area to suit particular situations, for example, to concentrate on a particular
area of the model.
Objects outside the work area still exist, but they are not visible.
a. Defining work area

You can shrink and expand the work area by picking the corner points of the new work
area, or size the work area to include selected parts, or all model objects.
Fit work area to selected parts

To fit work area to a select part:
 Select the part

 Mouse right-click > Fit Workarea to Selected Parts
 You can define the work area in a selected view, or in all visible views.
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Fit work area using two points

You have to be working with a plane view in order to fit work area using two points.
To fit work area using two points:
 On the View tab, click Work area > Using two points
 Pick the two points you want as corner points for the work area
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Fit work area to entire model in selected views

To fit the work area to the entire model:
 Select the view to fit

 Mouse right-click >Fit Work Area to Entire Model
b. Temporary hiding the work area

To temporary hiding the work area:
 Select the view

 Ctrl + Shift + mouse right-click > View > Redraw all
6. View Plane
Each view has a view plane on which the grids are visible.
a. Basic views
Basic views are those parallel to the global basic planes (xy, xz and zy).
In basic views, two axes always define the view plane and the axes appear in the plane
name.
This third axis is perpendicular to the view plane. It does not appear in the plane name.
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In the basic plane view, the model is shown from the direction of the third axis.
The view plane options for basic views are:
To create basic view:
 On the View tab, click New view > Basic view
 Select the Plane

 Set the Coordinate
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The view plane coordinate is the distance from the global origin in the direction of
the third axis.
 Click Create
b. Create view using two points

To create view using two points:
 On the View tab, click New view > Using two points
 Pick first position

 Pick second position
c. Create view using three points

To create view using three points:
 On the View tab, click New view > Using three points
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 Pick first position, which is the origin of the view plane

 Pick second position, indicating the direction of the x axis
 Pick third position, defining the direction of the y axis
d. Create view on work plane

You can use this command to create view to the same plane as the work plane.
To create view on work plane:
 On the View tab, click New view > On work plane
7. Work plane
The red coordinate arrow symbol indicates the work plane.
Work plane is the local coordinate system of the model.
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The red arrow symbol shows the xy plane. The z direction follows the right-hand rule.
a. Set work plane parallel to a plane

You can set the work plane parallel to the xy, xz or zy directions.
To set the work plane parallel to a plane:
 On the View tab, click Work plane > Parallel to XY(Z) plane
 Select the Plane

 Enter the Depth coordinate.
The Depth coordinate defines the distance of the work plane from the global
origin along a line that is perpendicular to the plane parallel to the third axis.
 Click Change
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b. Set work plane using three points

You can set the work plane by picking three points.
The first point you pick is the origin, the second point defines the x direction, and the
third point defines the y direction of the work plane.
Tekla Structures fixes the z direction according to the right-hand rule.
To set a work plane using three points:
 On the View tab, click Work plane > Using three points
 Pick the origin for the work plane
 Pick a point in the position x direction
 Pick a point in the position y direction
c. Set work plane parallel to view plane

You can use this command to set the work plane to the same as the view plane of a
selected view.
To set a plane parallel to a view plane:
 On the View tab, click Work plane > Parallel to view plane
 Select the view you want to modify
d. Set work plane using work plane tool

Set the work plane to any part plane or grid intersection. Move your mouse over the
model to preview the work plane direction. Click the left mouse button to set the work
plane.
 On the View tab, click Work plane > Work plane tool
 Pick a point.
e. Work plane grid

Work plane has its own grid, which can be used for positioning parts. Tekla Structures
displays the work plane grid in dark red color.
To display the work plane grid:
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 Select Work plane from the second list box on the Snapping toolbar.
f. Shifting work plane

You can shift work plane to any position by picking points, parallel to one of the global
basic planes, or on a part or view plane.
When modeling sloped parts, shifting the work plane helps you to place parts accurately.
To shift work plane:

 On the View tab, click Set work plane and select one of the commands
 Shift the work plane by following the instructions on the status bar
g. Restoring the default work plane

To restore the default plane:
 On the View tab, click Work plane > Parallel to XY(Z) Plane
 Set Plane to XY
 Set Depth coordinate to 0
 Click Change
h. Exercise
Open a Tekla Structures model “Lesson 1” that has been supplied to you. Do the followings:
 Close all the views and also delete them all.

 Create a basic 3D view and name it “3d”
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 Create a “True Roof Plan” view. Set the Work Plane so that it is parallel to “True Roof Plan”
view.
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8. Construction objects
Construction planes, lines and circles help you place other objects.
For example, you can easily pick the points at intersections of construction lines and circles.
The snap priority of construction objects is the same as with the other lines.
Construction objects remain in the model when you update or redraw views and windows. They do
not appear in drawings.
a. Creating a construction line

To create a construction line:
 On the Edit tab, click Construction object > Line

 Pick the starting point of the construction line
 Pick the end point of the construction line
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b. Creating a construction circle

To create a construction circle:
 On the Edit tab, click Construction object > Circle using center point and radius
 Create the construction circle by following the instructions on the status bar.
c. Points
You can create points to make it easier to place objects at positions where no lines or
objects intersect.
When you create points, Tekla Structures always places them according to the work
plane coordinate system.
Points located on the view plane are yellow, and points outside the view plane are red.
d. Creating a point
To create a point:
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 On the Edit tab, click Points > At any position
9. Advanced Snapping
a. Snapping to a position using coordinates
You can use coordinates when snapping to a position. Use the Enter a Numeric Location dialog box
to specify the coordinates.
To snap to a position using coordinates:
1. Run a command that requires you to pick points.
For example, start creating a beam.
2. Enter the coordinates using the keyboard.
For example, type 3000,0. When you start typing, Tekla Structures displays the Enter a
Numeric Location dialog box automatically.
3. After entering the coordinates, press Enter to snap to the position.
b. Options for entering coordinates

The table below explains the types of information you can enter in the Enter a Numeric
Location dialog box.
You can Description Special

enter character
One A distance to an indicated direction.

coordinate
Two If you omit the last coordinate (z) or angle, Tekla Structures assumes
coordinates that the value is 0.
Three In drawings, Tekla Structures ignores the third coordinate.

coordinates
Cartesian The x, y, and z coordinates of a position separated by commas. , (comma)

coordinates
For example, 100,-50,-200
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Polar A distance, an angle on the xy plane, and an angle from the xy plane <
coordinates separated by angle brackets.
For example, 1000<90<45
Angles increase in the counter clockwise direction.
Absolute The coordinates based on the origin of the work plane. $

coordinates
Relative The coordinates relative to the last position picked. @

coordinates For example, @1000,500 or @500<30
Global The coordinates relative to the global origin and the global x and y !
coordinates directions.
For example, !6000,12000,0
This is handy, for example, when you have set the workplane to a wall
and want to snap to a position defined in the global coordinate system
without changing the workplane to global.
c. Creating a temporary reference point

You can create a temporary reference point to use as a local origin when snapping in models and
drawings.
1. Run a command that requires you to pick points.

2. Pick the start point.
3. Hold down the Ctrl key and pick a position.
A green cross indicates that this position is now a temporary reference point.
4. Repeat step 3 to create as many reference points as needed.

5. Release the Ctrl key and pick the end point.
Tekla Structures creates the object between the start point and the end point.
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d. Lock X, Y or Z coordinate
You can lock the x, y, and z coordinates on a line. This is useful when you need to determine a point
to pick and the needed point does not exist on the line. When a coordinate is locked, you can snap
to points only in that direction.
1. Run a command that requires you to pick positions.

2. To lock the x coordinate, press X.
You can snap to points only in the x direction.
3. To unlock the coordinate, press X again.
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Lesson IV – Basic Detailing 1
Basic Detailing 1
Lesson IV
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1. Bolts
To create bolts, you can either create a single bolt group or apply a component that automatically
creates bolt groups.
You can define the work area to suit particular situations, for example, to concentrate on a particular
area of the model.
Objects outside the work area still exist, but they are not visible.
a. Creating a bolt group
To create a bolt group:
 From Steel tab > Click Create bolts icon

 Select the main part, to which the secondary parts will be bolted
 Select the secondary parts
 Click the mouse middle-button to finish selecting parts
 Pick a point, which is the bolt group origin
 Pick a second point to indicate the bolt group x direction
b. Exercise
Model two L profile as shown in picture below, and bolt them together at mid-length.
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c. Bolt Properties
Option Description
Bolt size Bolt diameter
Bolt standard Bolt assembly standard / grade
Bolt type Defines whether the bolts are assembled on-site or in the shop
Connect Indicates whether you are bolting a secondary part or a sub-
part/assembly assembly
Thread in Indicates if the thread of the bolt can be inside the bolted parts.
material Tekla Structures does not use this value when calculating the
length of full-threaded bolts.
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Cut length Indicates which parts the bolt connects. The value defines the
area Tekla Structures should search for parts that belong to the
bolt group. Using cut length you can determine whether the bolt
will go through one flange or two.
Tekla structures searches for parts using half the cut length value,
in both directions from the bolt group plane.
In the example below, A is the cut length and B is the bolt origin.
Tekla Structures calculates the search area as A/2 in both
directions from point B.
Tekla Structures warns you if the cut length is too small.
If there are large gaps between the connected parts, the gap is
added to the length of the bolt.
If you want to force a bolt to be of certain length, enter a negative

value for cut length (e.g. -150)
Option Description
Extra Additional bolt length.
length
Increase the material thickness that Tekla Structures uses when
calculating bolt length. For example, you might need extra bolt length
to allow for painting. You can also build additional lengths into bolt
assemblies.
Shape Bolt group shape.
You have the following options for bolt group shape:

 Array for rectangular
 Circle for circular
 xy list for any shape
Tekla Structures uses the values of the Bolt dist X and Bolt dist Y fields
to determine how many bolts the bolt group contains:
Shape Bolt dist X Bolt dist Y

Array Spacing between bolts, in the Spacing between bolts, in the y
direction of the bolt group direction of the bolt group.
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Circle Number of bolts Diameter of the bolt group

xy list x coordinate of each bolt, from y coordinate of each bolt, from
the bolt group point of origin the bolt group point of origin
Toleranc Tolerance = Hole diameter – Bolt diameter

e
Hole type Oversized or slotted.
Field activated after you select the Part with slotted holes check boxes
Slotted x allowance of a slotted hole.
hole X Zero for a round hole.
Slotted y allowance of a slotted hole.
hole Y Zero for a round hole
Rotate If the bolt connects several parts, you may want to rotate alternate
Slots holes by 90 degrees.
This allows the bolt to move in different directions.
ITEM NEEDED
On plane Moves the bolt group perpendicular to the bolt group x axis.
Rotation Defines how far the bolt group is rotated around the x axis, relative to
the current work plane.
For example, you can use this field to indicate on which side of the
connected parts you want the bolt head to be.
At depth Moves the bolt group perpendicular to the current work plane.
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Dx, Dy, Dz Offsets that move the bolt group by moving the bolt group x axis. Use
to change the position of the bolt group.
d. Changing or adding bolted parts

To change the parts a bolt group connects to:
 Select the bolt group to edit > mouse right-click > Bolt parts
 Reselect the main and secondary parts

Tekla Structures automatically updates bolt length to suit these changes.
e. Exercise
Create 2 plates using beam with profile PLT12*300, and a bolt group using the following
information.
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Make a copy of an existing plate and bolt all 3 plates together.
2. Holes
Tekla Structures uses the same command for creating bolts and holes.
Before creating holes, you need to change some of the properties in the Bolt Properties dialog box.
If you want to create only holes without any bolts, clear all the Include in bolt assembly check boxes:
a. Creating round holes

Tekla Structures calculates the diameter of a round hole as the sum of the Bolt size and
Tolerance.
To create round holes:
 Mouse double-click the Create bolts icon to open the Bolt Properties dialog box
 Optional: Modify the hole properties
 If you do not want to create any bolts, clear all the Include in bolt assembly
check boxes
 Click Apply to save the changes
 Create the holes the same way you would in creating a bolt group.
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3. Welds
a. Creating a weld between parts
To weld parts together:
 On steel tab, click on Weld icon

 Select the part to weld to
If you are creating a workshop weld, this is the main part of the assembly
 Select the part to be welded
If you are creating a workshop weld, this is the secondary part of the assembly
b. Creating a polygon weld

To weld parts together using a polygon:
 Steel tab > Weld > Create Polygon Weld

 Select the part to weld to
If you are creating a workshop weld, this is the main part of the assembly
 Select the part to be welded
If you are creating a workshop weld, this is the
secondary part of the assembly
 Pick the points you want the weld to go through
 Click mouse middle-button to create the weld.
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c. Weld Properties
Option Description
Prefix a : Design throat thickness
s : Penetration throat thickness
z : Leg length
Size The size of the weld.
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If you enter a zero or negative weld size, Tekla Structures creates the
weld, but does not display it in drawings.
Type
Angle The angle of weld preparation, bevels, or groove

Contour The fill type contour of a weld:
Finish Weld finishes:
Length The length of a regular weld depends on the length of the connection
between the welded parts.
You can set the exact length of a polygon weld by, for example, defining
the start and end points of the weld.
Pitch The center-to-center spacing of welds for non-continuous welds.
To create a non-continuous weld, define the center-to-center spacing and
the pitch of the welds.
Tekla Structures calculates the distance between the welds as the pitch
minus the length of the weld.
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d. Exercise
Create a UC254*254*73 column, a 20*400*400 plate and a 6mm fillet weld.
4. Reinforcements
You can add reinforcements to concrete parts.
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The Concrete toolbar contains commands used for reinforcement:
a. Reinforcing bar group

A reinforcing bar group includes several identical, or very similar, reinforcing bars.
Tekla Structures creates reinforcing bar group using the properties in the Reinforcing Bar
Properties dialog box.
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b. Creating a reinforcing bar group

To create a reinforcing bar group:
 Mouse double-click Reinforcing bar group icon

 Enter or modify the bar group properties.
 Click OK to save the properties
 Select the part to reinforce
Tekla Structures attaches the reinforcing bar group to the part
 Pick the reinforcing bar start point
 Pick the other reinforcing bar reference point
 Click mouse middle-button to finish picking
 Pick the start point of the bar group
 Pick the end point of the bar group
Example: applying closed shear link to a rectangular beam
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Step: activate Create reinforcing bar group command
 Mouse single-click Create reinforcing bar group icon

 Assign reinforcing part
o Click the rectangular concrete beam
 Define rebar shape
o Pick point 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
o Mouse middle-button
 Define distribution area

o Pick point 1 and 2
c. Distribution area
In addition to the shape of the reinforcing bars, you need to define the distribution area
of the reinforcing bars.
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The distribution area points can be positioned on the outer contour of the concrete part.
Usually, the distribution area is perpendicular to the plane so the cover thickness on the
sides can be defined in the From plane box in the Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box.
The selection order of the handles, which determines the cover area, is important when
the bars are placed. The bars are placed on the right side of a line that is defined by the
two selected handles.
The General tab in the Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box contains the same options
for both a single reinforcing bar and a reinforcing bar group. However, the Group tab
contains additional options for defining the properties of a reinforcing bar group. If you
open the Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box for a single reinforcing bar, the Group
tab is disabled.
d. Defining bar grade

To define reinforcing bar grade:
 Mouse double-click on the reinforcing bar

 Click the Select button in the Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box
 Select the bar grade.
e. Distribution of bars
You can define the way the bars are distributed over the cover area by selecting the
Creation method list.
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The creation method options are:
 Equal distribution by number of reinforcing bars
 Equal distribution by target spacing value
 By exact spacing value with flexible first/last/middle space
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 By exact spacing value with flexible last space
 By exact spacing value with flexible middle space
 By exact spacing value with flexible first and last space
 By exact spacings
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f. Omitting reinforcing bars
 None
 First
 Last
 First and last
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g. Defining hook for reinforcing bar

To define a hook:
 Mouse double-click the reinforcing bar
 Select a hook type from the Shape lists.

A hook does not have to be modelled. It is added to the reinforcing bar
automatically.
 Define the values for the custom hook
o Enter a value between -180 and +180 degrees in the Angle box
o Enter the internal bending radius of the hook in the Radius box
o Enter the length of the straight part in the hook to the Length box
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h. Defining the reinforcing bar cover thickness

To define the concrete cover thickness for reinforcing bar:
 Mouse double-click the reinforcing bar

 Define the reinforcing bar cover thickness in the Cover thickness area
Cover thickness can be defined in three directions:
 On plane, distance form beam’s bottom, top, and side surfaces to

the bar.
 From plane, distance from the end surface of the beam to the bar
 Start and end, end distance in the longitudinal direction of the bar
i. Reinforcing bar group types

Tekla Structures has several reinforcing bar group types:
Type Description
Normal Not tapered
Tapered One bar dimension
Tapered ridge One bar dimension changes linearly.

The dimension is longest in the
middle of the group
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Tapered curved One bar dimension changes along a

curve. The dimension is longest in the
middle of the group
Tapered N One bar dimension changes linearly

between N ridges. Enter the number
of ridges in the Number of cross
sections box in the Group tab of the
Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box
Spiral The reinforcing bars rise in a

polygonal or circular shape along the
longitudinal axis of the part.
You can use the Group tab in the Reinforcing Bar Properties dialog box for selecting
and modifying the reinforcing group types.
j. Exercise
Create a concrete beam with reinforcement details as shown in the following page.
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121
Lesson V – Basic Detailing 2 & Numbering
Basic Detailing 2 & Numbering
Lesson V
122
1. Splitting and combining parts

You can split and combine parts in Tekla Structures.
Tekla Structures retains the properties, attached objects, and connections even when parts are split.
a. Splitting parts
You can use splitting with straight parts, curved beams without offsets, or normal and
tapered reinforcing bar groups.
You can also split plates and slabs by using a polygon.
You cannot split polybeam.
To split a part:
 Click Edit > Split

 Select the part you want to split
 Pick points for the dividing line
b. Combining parts
You can combine existing parts in Tekla Structures.
When combining, the part properties of the first selected part are used for the combined
part.
To combine parts:
 Click Edit > Combine

 Select the first part
 Select the second part
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If the centerlines of the parts are not in line with each other, centerlines are combined
by taking the largest distance between the start and end points from both parts.
2. Cutting a part
a. Fitting
You can fit the end of a part to a plane by creating a straight cutting line between two
points.
A fitting adjust the end of a beam on a plane, perpendicular to the view plane, which
passes through the cutting line you pick.
Fitting cannot be used on contour plates.
To create a fitting:
 Click Fit Part End icon from Edit tab
 Select the part you want to cut with a fitting

 Pick the first point of the cutting line
 Pick the second point of the cutting line
b. Line cuts
A line cut cuts the end of a beam on a plane that passes through the line you pick.
Tekla Structures displays the cut line using dash-and-dot lines
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To cut a part with a line:
 Click Line cut icon from Edit tab
 Select the part you want to cut

 Pick the first point of the cutting line
 Pick the second point of the cutting line
 Pick the side you want to remove
c. Polygon cuts
A polygon cut cuts a part using a polygonal shape.
Tekla Structures displays the cut using dash-and-dot

lines.
You much create cuts in a plane view.
To cut a part using a polygonal shape:
 Ensure that the work plane is on the plane you are cutting on
 Click Polygon cut from Edit tab

 Pick positions to outline the polygon to be used for cutting
 To close the polygon, click mouse middle-button
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d. Part cuts
You can cut a part using another part.
Tekla Structures displays the cut using dash-and-dot lines
To cut a part with another part:
 Click Create part cut icon from Detailing toolbar

 Select the cutting part
Tekla Structures cuts the selected main part. The part cut does not affect other parts
 Delete the cutting part
o Ensure that the Select cuts and fittings selection switch is off
o Select the cutting part and press Delete
3. Steel contour plate

a. Creating a steel contour plate
Contour plates are free-form shaped plates
To create a steel contour plate:
 Click the Plate icon from Steel tab
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 Pick the start point

 Pick the corner points of the contour plate
 Click mouse middle-button to finish picking
b. Adding a corner to a contour plate

To add a corner to a contour plate:
 Select the contour plate to which you want to add a corner

 From Quick launch type Modify Polygon Shape
 Pick an existing corner (1)
 Pick a new corner (2)
 Pick another existing corner (3)
c. Corner chamfers
You can use the Chamfer command to
shape the following parts:
 Concrete and steel polybeams

 Contour plates
 Strip footings
 Concrete slabs
 Concrete panels
Tekla Structures creates chamfers using the active properties in the Chamfer
Properties dialog box. Mouse double-click an existing chamfer.
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Option Description
Type Defines the shape of the chamfer
x The dimension of the chamfer
y The second dimension of straight chamfers
dz1 Moves the top surface of the part corner in the local z direction of the part
dz2 Moves the bottom surface of the part corner in the local z direction of the
part
Example:
4. Working with reinforcement

a. Attaching reinforcement to parts
Tekla Structures automatically attaches reinforcement to the part you pick during the
process of creating reinforcement.
You can also manually attach reinforcement to a part or cast unit.
Attaching rebar manually

To manually attach reinforcement to a part or cast unit:
 Select the reinforcement to attach

 Mouse right-click and select Attach to Part from the pop-up menu
 Select the part to attach the reinforcement to
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Detaching rebar
To detach reinforcement from a part:
 Select the reinforcement to detach

 Mouse right-click and select Detach from Part from the pop-up menu
b. Modifying reinforcement
Moving reinforcement handles
Tekla Structures uses handles to indicate:
 Ends and corners of a reinforcing bar

 Distribution length of a bar group
 Corners and main bar direction of a mesh
When you select a reinforcement, the handles turn magenta.
To modify reinforcement using handles:
 Select the reinforcement to display its handles

 Click the handle you want to move. Tekla Structures highlights the handle
 Move the handles(s)
c. Ungrouping a reinforcement
You can ungroup reinforcing bar groups and reinforcement meshes.
To ungroup a reinforcement:
 Click Detailing > Create Reinforcement > Ungroup

 Select one of the reinforcing bars in a reinforcing bar group
The reinforcing bar group is replaced with single reinforcing bars.
The single bars get the same properties and offsets as the group.
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d. Group reinforcements
You can group single reinforcing bars into groups.
All groups are created with exact spacings.
To group single reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups:
 Click Detailing > Create Reinforcement > Group

 Select all the reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups that you want to group
 Click mouse middle-button
 Select one reinforcing bar or reinforcing bar group to copy the properties from.
The new group gets the same properties as the selected reinforcing bar.
e. Adding points to a reinforcement

You can modify the shape of a single reinforcing bar, reinforcing bar group by adding
points to the reinforcement
To add points to a reinforcement:
 Select a single reinforcing bar, or a reinforcing bar group

 Pick the first existing polygon point (1).
 Pick new points (2, 3)
 Pick the second existing polygon point (4)
The new points are added to the reinforcement, and the shape of the
reinforcement is modified.
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f. Removing points from a reinforcement

You can modify the shape of a single reinforcing bar and reinforcing bar group by
removing points from the reinforcement.
To remove points from a reinforcement:
 Select a single reinforcing bar or reinforcing bar group

 Pick the first existing polygon point (1)
 Pick the second existing polygon point (2)
 Pick a point to be removed (3 or 4)
The point to be removed needs to be in between the two previously picked (1)
and (2) points.
g. Splitting reinforcing bar groups

You can split normal and tapered reinforcing bar groups into two groups:
 Click Split from Edit tab

 Select the reinforcing bar group
 Pick two points to indicate where to split the group
You cannot split reinforcing bar groups diagonally.
h. Splitting reinforcing bars in a group

You can split reinforcing bars in normal and tapered reinforcing bar groups using a split
line:
 Click Split from Edit tab

 Select the reinforcing bar group
 Pick two points to indicate where to split the bars
i. Combining two reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups into one

You can combine two single reinforcing bars or reinforcing bar groups into one.
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The combined reinforcement gets the same properties as the first selected bar.
To combine two single reinforcing bars or two reinforcing bar groups into one:
 Click Combine from Edit tab

 Select the first single bar or bar group to be combined
 Select the second single bar or bar group to be combined.
j. Reinforcement geometry validity

Reinforcement creation or modification can result in invalid reinforcement geometry.
For example, bending radius which is to big can cause invalid reinforcement geometry.
The invalid geometry is visualized in the model. Tekla Structures display a warning
message, and draws a thin line between the reinforcement handles. You can correct the
reinforcement geometry by selecting the line and modifying the reinforcement
properties.
k. Reinforcing bar bending types

Tekla Structures recognizes different reinforcing bar bending shapes and assign bending
type identifier to them.
l. Exercise
Try some of the exercises in the Appendix.
5. Basic Numbering
a. What is numbering
Tekla Structures assigns a mark to each part, assembly and cast unit in a model.
The mark includes part, assembly or cast unit prefix and position number.
Numbering is vital in fabrication, shipping and erection stages of construction.
Tekla Structures uses numbers to identify parts, cast units and assemblies when
producing drawings and reports, and exporting models.
b. Numbering objects
If numbering of a part, cast unit or assembly is not up to date, a question mark (?) is
displayed in the numbering label.
Example: in the Inquire Object dialog box,
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To number objects in a model:
 From Drawing & Reports tab select Perform Numbering
 Select one of the following commands

o Number Series of Selected Objects
o Number Modified Objects
o Number Welds...
c. Numbering series
Number series consists of a Prefix and Start number.
When you run numbering, Tekla Structures compares parts that belong to the same
series. All identical parts under the same numbering series are given the same part
number.
Example 1: Numbering steel columns

This example shows how different settings in numbering series result in different
result in different part numbers when you modify a part.
To number identical columns:
 Create three identical columns with the numbering series prefix P and start
number 1
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 Number the model. All columns have the part position number P1
 Modify one of the columns, such as changing its column profile size or height.
 Number the model. You should now have two columns P1 and one P2
 Change back the column P2 to be identical to the others
 Number the model. All columns are now having mark P1.
 Change Start number of one of the column to 1000.
 Number the model. You should have two columns P1 and one column P1000.
Example 2: Numbering pilecaps

 Create three identical pile caps with the numbering series prefix PF and start
number 1
 Apply system component Pad footing reinforcement (77) to each pile cap
 Investigate how pile cap and reinforcement sizes affect the numbering
d. Exercise
Open a Tekla Structures model “Lesson 1” that has been supplied to you. Examine the numbering
of various objects using one of the following methods:
 Ribbon menu > Inquire Object
 Drawings and Reports tab > Create Report > Assembly List, Cast Unit List, etc. > Create
from all OR Create from selected
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Do the numbering and examine the result again.
Makes changes to some objects, do the numbering and examine the result again.
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Lesson VI – Basic Drawings 1
Basic Drawings 1
Lesson VI
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1. Main features of drawings

Tekla Structures includes the following features for drawings:
 All information in a drawing comes directly from the model.

o Model is the single source of information for drawing.
o Drawing is just another view to the model.
o This ensures that information is drawings and reports is consistent and always
up-to-date.
 Tekla Structures integrates drawings with the model.
o Drawing objects are associated with model objects, and updated when the
model changes.
o Changing some of the properties in model requires recreation of the drawings.
 Automatic workshop, cast unit and assembly drawings.
 Automatic general arrangement drawings
 Revision control of drawings
 Interactive editing tools that you can use for adding dimensions, various shapes, texts,
additional annotations, symbols and links in the drawings.
 Standard and customized drawing layouts.
 Export capabilities
2. Drawing Types
a. General Arrangement (GA) Drawings
You can create general arrangement (GA) drawings for:
 Several views in one drawing, including the entire model or portion of it

 Plan drawings (foundation, floor, deck layout and anchor bolt plans)
 Elevation plans
 Information from model views, including 3D views
Example of a GA drawing
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Creating GA drawings
To create GA drawings using default settings:
 If you have not already done so, create the model views you need
If you want to switch between 3D view and plane view in the created view, press
Ctrl+P.
 In Drawing & Reports tab > Create Drawing > GA Drawing...
 In the Create General Arrangement Drawing dialog box, select the views for the
drawing
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 Select the desired option from the Options list.
 Click the Drawing properties to modify the drawing properties

Select the appropriate predefined drawing properties (saved settings) from the list,
and click Load > click OK
 Tick the Open drawing checkbox if you would like to have the drawing opened
after it is created
 Click Create button
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Exercise 1
Exercise 2
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b. Cast Unit Drawings

Cast unit drawings are dimensional, formwork or reinforcement drawings used in
concrete design and construction. They show cast-in embeds, edge chamfers, and hard
and soft insulation.
Cast unit drawings can be created only for concrete parts and cast-in embeds.
Example of cast unit drawing:
Creating cast unit drawings

To create cast unit drawings using default settings:
 In modelling environment, select one or more cast units for the drawing creation.
 In Drawing & Reports tab > Create Cast Unit Drawing
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Tekla Structures creates the drawings and adds them in the Drawing List.
To open the drawing:

 Drawings & Reports tab > Drawing List
Exercise:
Create cast unit drawing for a precast beam.
c. Assembly Drawings
Assembly drawings are typically workshop drawings showing fabrication information for
one assembly.
In most cases, an assembly consists of a main part and secondary parts. The secondary
parts are either welded or bolted to a main part.
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Example of an assembly drawing:
Creating assembly drawing:

To create assembly drawing using default settings:
 In modelling environment, select one or more assemblies for the drawing

creation.
 Drawing & Reports tab > Create drawings > Assembly Drawing
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 Drawings & Reports > Drawing List
d. Single Part Drawings

Single part drawings are workshop drawings that show the fabrication information for
one part (usually without welds).
Example of a single part drawing:
Creating single part drawing:

To create single part drawing using default settings:
 In modeling environment, select one or more assemblies for the drawing

creation.
 Drawing & Reports > Create drawings > Single-Part Drawing
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 Drawings & Reports > Drawing List
e. Multidrawings
Multidrawings are workshop drawings that gather several single-part or assembly
drawings on one sheet.
Create multidrawings when you want to:
 Have more than one assembly on a sheet

 Collect multiple single-part drawings on a large sheet
Example of a multi-drawing:
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Creating Multi-Drawing of selected drawings

You can create multidrawing of the drawings you select.
To create a multidrawing of selected drawings:
To Do this
Create multi-drawings of the 1. Select the drawings from the Drawing List
selected drawings 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > Selected
Drawings
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Create multi-drawings of the 1. Select the drawings from the Drawing List
selected drawings, keeping the 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > Selected
layout of each selected drawing Drawings with Layout
Creating Multi-Drawings of Selected Parts

Creating single-part and assembly drawings of the parts that you select and place the
drawings in a multi-drawing.
To create a multi-drawing of selected parts:
To Do this
Create single-part drawings of the 1. Select the parts.
selected parts and place the drawings in a 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > New Single-
multi-drawing Part Drawings of Selected Parts
Create single-part drawings of the 1. Select the parts.
selected part, keep the layout of each 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > New Single-
drawing, and place the drawings in a Part Drawings of Selected Parts with Layout
multi-drawing
Create assembly drawings of the selected 1. Select the parts.
parts and place the drawings in a multi- 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > New Assembly
drawing Drawings of Selected Parts
Create assembly drawings of the selected 1. Select the parts
parts, keep the layout of each drawing, 2. Drawings & Reports > Multi-Drawing > New Assembly
and place the drawings in a multi-drawing Drawings of Selected Parts with Layout
3. Finding and opening drawings

All drawings in a Tekla Structures model are displayed in the Drawing List dialog box.
You can search, sort, select and display drawings according to different criteria.
Drawing List dialog box helps in locating drawing parts in the model, and finding out if a part is
included in any of the drawings.
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a. Opening the Drawing List

To open the Drawing List dialog box:
 In the model, select Drawings & Reports > Drawing List...
b. What is displayed in the Drawing List

The Drawing List contains the following columns:
Column Flag Description

Issue The drawing has been issued.
The issued drawing has been edited or otherwise
changed
Up to date Parts are modified
Parts’ quantity are increased or decreased
Parts are deleted
Lock The drawing is locked. It cannot be opened or deleted.
Changes Textual information about the changes in the drawing
Created The creation date of the drawing
Modified The latest modification date of the drawing
Revision The revision number or revision mark of the drawing
Size The paper size of the drawing uses
Type W Single-part drawings
A Assembly drawings
C Cast unit drawings
G General arrangement drawings
M Multi-drawings
U Unknown drawings, meaning an error has occurred
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Mark Part position for single-part drawings

Assembly position for assembly drawing
Name The name given for the drawing in the drawing properties
dialog box
Title 1, Title 2, and Title 3 Extra drawing titles added in the drawing properties dialog
box
c. Modifying Drawing List contents

In addition to using search, you can select which drawings you want to see in the list and
in which order.
To filter the Drawing List contents:
To Do this
Display a predefined set of drawings Select a set of
drawings from the
select drawing set list
Saved search results

are also displayed in
this list.
List all drawings Click Show all
Invert the contents of the current list Click Invert
List selected drawings only Select the drawings
and click Selected
List up-to-date drawing only Click Up to date
List drawings that need to be updated Click Up to date >
Invert
Lists only drawings associated with the objects you have Select objects in the
selected in the model model > click Invert
Sort the list according to Column name Click the column
name
d. Selecting drawings in the Drawing List

The Drawing List allows you to select one or several drawings at a time.
To select drawings in the Drawing List:
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To Do this
Select one drawing Click the drawing in the list
Select several consecutive drawings Click the first drawing, then hold down the Shift key
and click the last drawing.
Select several non-consecutive drawings Click the first drawing, then hold down the Ctrl key
and click the other drawings you want to select
Select all drawings in the list Press Ctrl-A
e. Checking whether parts have drawings

You can use the Drawing List to identify parts in the model that have associated drawings:
 Open a model view where all parts are clearly visible

 In the drawing list, press Ctrl-A to select all drawings
 To highlight the parts that have drawings, click Select objects.
 Highlight the parts that do not have drawings by holding down Ctrl key and
selecting the entire model
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Lesson VII – Basic Drawings 2
Basic Drawings 2
Lesson VII
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1. Renaming drawings
Tekla Structures names the drawing according to the name given in the drawing properties.
The drawing name is displayed in the Drawing List and in drawing templates.
To rename a drawing:
 In the Drawing List, mouse right-click the drawing

 Select Properties
 Switch all the check box off in the dialog box by clicking the on/off switch at
the bottom of the dialog box.
 Select the check box next to the Name box
 Enter the new name in the Name box
 Click Modify
2. Giving titles to drawings

You can define titles for your drawing.
Tekla Structures shows the title in the Drawing List, drawing and report.
To give a title to a drawing:
 In the Drawing List, mouse right-click the drawing

 Select Properties
 Switch all the check boxes off in the dialog box by clicking the on/off switch at
the bottom of the dialog box.
 Select the check boxes next to the Title boxes you want to use
 Enter the titles
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 Click Modify
3. Adding views in drawing

a. Creating a detail view
You can create a detail view from a selected area in an existing drawing view in another
scaled-up view.
The direction of the detail view is the same as that of the original view.
To create a detail view:
 Open a drawing
 Click View > Create Drawing View > Detail View
 Depending on the selected detail boundary shape, do one of the following:
o If the shape is Circle:
 pick the centre point of the circle
 pick a point on the circle
o if the shape is Rectangle:
 pick corner points for the rectangle
 Pick a position for the detail mark
 Pick a position for the detail view
To modify properties of the detail view, mouse double-click the detail mark to display
the Detail symbol properties dialog box
b. Creating a section view

To create a section views of the parts in a drawing view:
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 Open a drawing. The drawing must contain at least one view

 Click View > Create Drawing View > Section View
 Pick two points to define the position and the direction of the section
 Pick two points to indicate the cut box
 Select a position for the section view
A view symbol follows the cursor allowing you to see where you are about to place the
section view.
Tekla Structures creates the section view using the current properties in the View
Properties and Section Symbol Properties dialog boxes and adds a section mark in the
original view.
c. Creating a curved section view

To create a curved section view of an existing drawing view:
 Open a drawing
 Click View > Create Drawing View > Curved Section View
 Pick three points on the cut plane
 Pick two points to indicate the cut box
 Pick a point to indicate the location of the curved section view
A symbol follows the cursor allowing you to see where you are about to place the curved
section view.
d. Creating additional views of parts

You can create additional views of a part within a single-part, cast unit or assembly
drawing.
You can select the part plane (front, top, back, bottom) to use or create a 3D view.
To create additional views of parts:
 Open a drawing
 Click View > Create Drawing View > Of Parts in Drawing
 Select one of the commands Front, Top, Bottom, 3D
To modify the view properties:
 Mouse double-click the view frame to open the View Properties dialog box.
e. Creating a view of an entire model view

You can create a drawing view of an entire model view and add it in the drawing.
To create a view of the entire model view:
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 Open a drawing
 Open a model view list by clicking Views > Model Views > Model View List…
 Open a model view from the model view list
 Click the open model view
f. Creating a view of a selected area in a model view

You can create a drawing view of a selected area in the model and add it in the drawing.
To create a drawing view of a selected area in the model and add it in your drawing:
 Open a drawing
 Open a model view list by click View > Model Views > Model View List…
 Open a model view from the model view list
 Pick two corners in the model to define the x and y dimensions of the drawing
view.
The x and y directions use the coordinate system of the model view. The view depth
of the drawing view is the same as the depth of the model view.
Tekla Structures creates the drawing view using the current properties in the View
Properties dialog box.
Tekla Structures places the view in the lower left corner of the drawing.
g. Creating a view of a selected area in a drawing view

You can create a new drawing view of an area in an existing drawing view.
To create a new drawing view of an area in the existing drawing view:
 Open a drawing
 Click View > Create Drawing View > Of Selected Area in Drawing View
 Select the area in the drawing view of which you want to make a new view
 Select a position for the new view
A symbol representing the view that you are about to place follows the mouse pointer,
so it is easier for you to see where to place the view.
h. Adding single-part views in assembly drawings

In addition to automatically including single-part views in assembly drawings, you can
also add single-part drawing views in a final assembly drawing.
To add single-part views in assembly drawing:
 Open the assembly drawing
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 In the drawing view, select the parts of which you want to create a single-part
view
 Mouse right-click and select Create single-part views.
i. Copy drawing views from another drawing:

To copy a drawing view from another drawing:
 Open a drawing
 Open the Drawing List by pressing Ctrl+O
 Select the drawing containing the view you want to copy.
You can select several drawings
 Click View > Add Views from Other Drawing
 Select Copy or Copy with Layout
j. Moving views to another drawing

You can move section and detail views to another drawing through the drawing list.
When you move views to another drawing, the source drawing and the target drawing
will contain references to each other.
To move a drawing view to another drawing:
 In an open drawing, select the frame of the drawing view you want to move
 Mouse right-click > Move to drawing
 Select the target drawing from the Drawing List
 Click Move in the Move view to drawing dialog box
 Close and save the source drawing.
Tekla Structures moves the selected view to the target drawing and creates
references between the source and target drawings.
 Open the target drawing from the Drawing List
The Drawing List indicates that the drawing has been updated.
 Arrange the drawing views, if necessary.
 Save the target drawing
k. Linking views from another drawing

To link drawing views:
 Open a drawing
 Open the Drawing List by pressing Ctrl-O
 Select the drawing containing the view you want to link.
You can select several drawings.
 Click View > Add Views from Other Drawing
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 Select Link or Link with Layout
4. Changing drawing views

a. Resizing drawing views
To resize the views using view frame handles:
 Click the view frame

 Click a view frame handle
 Drag the handle to the desired location
b. Resizing the drawing view boundary

The view boundary is the dashed frame around the contents of a drawing view.
The view boundaries are not visible in the views that you create in the final drawing.
To resize the view boundary:

 Click one of the handles on the view boundary
 Drag the handles along the x or y axis of the view
 Make the view smaller by clicking the view frame and dragging the view frame
handles.
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c. Moving drawing views

To move drawing views by drag and drop:
 Drag the view to a new location

The view follows the cursor while you drag the view, so you know what the end
result will be.
d. Aligning views
To align views vertically:
 Select a drawing view in an open drawing > mouse right-click

 Select Align vertically
 Pick a point in the selected view
 Pick a point in the view with which you want to align selected view.
Tekla Structures moves the views so that the picked points line up vertically.
e. Rotating drawing views

To rotate views in the drawings
 Click the frame of the view to rotate

 Click View > Rotate Drawing View…
 Enter the angle in degrees
 Click Rotate
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5. Adding Dimensions
a. Adding manual dimensions
Manual dimensions can be added by using commands on the Dimensioning tab
Button Description
Add horizontal dimension
Add vertical dimension
Add orthogonal dimension
Add free dimension
Add parallel dimension
Add perpendicular dimension
Add curved dimension with radial reference lines
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Add curved dimension with orthogonal reference lines
Add radial dimension
Add angular dimension
Dimension centre of gravity

 Pick first point to specify the origin of the dimensions
The origin is the point from which you want to measure the
location of the centre of gravity. This point must be within the view
frame
 Pick the second point to place the dimensions.
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Result:
Add dimension points

 Select the dimension line
 Click
 Click a position on the part where you want to add the dimension
point
Remove a dimension point from the selected dimension set
Combine dimension lines
 Hold down Ctrl and click dimension lines you want to combine
 Click icon
Unlink dimension lines

Link dimension lines
You can connect two perpendicular dimension lines.
 Hold down Ctrl and select two perpendicular dimension lines to
connect
 Click icon
b. Adding predefined reinforcement dimensions

You can add dimensions to reinforcing bar groups in an open cast unit drawing.
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Each reinforcing bar group with identical spacing has a mark and dimension line. You can
define the contents of the marks yourself or use predefined dimension settings files.
To add reinforcement dimensions using predefined dimension settings:
To Do this
Create dimensions including  Mouse right-click the reinforcing bar
dimension marks group
 Select Add Mark > Dimension Mark
Create dimensions including  Mouse right-click the reinforcing bar

dimension marks and group
dimension tags  Select Add Mark > Tagged Dimension
Mark
c. Adding dimension (distribution) lines to reinforcing bars

To create a dimension line to reinforcing bar groups:
 Open a cast unit drawing

 Mouse right-click a reinforcing bar group
 Select Create dimension line
Tekla Structures creates the dimension line.
 You can drag a reinforcement dimension line out of the reinforcing bar group.
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When you do this, Tekla Structures draws a dashed line from the reinforcing bar to
the dimension line.
6. Editing dimensions
a. Moving the end of the dimension line
To move the end of the dimension line:
 In an open drawing, click the dimension

The dimension line handle becomes visible
 Select the handle and drag the end of the line to the desired position.
It is easier to select the handle when you hold down Alt.
7. Associative annotation objects

a. Adding part marks
ITEM NEEDED
Add part marks for all Drawing > Part Marks > For All Parts
parts If you have deleted marks manually from the drawing, this
command will not create the marks.
Add part marks for  Select the parts
selected parts  Mouse right-click > Add Part Mark
b. Adding associative notes
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Associative note with Associative note without Associative note

leader line leader line along line
An associative note is an extra mark that can include any additional information.
To add an associative note:
 Open the drawing

 On Drawing Objects toolbar, click , or
 Pick part to add associative note to
 Pick a position to place the note
To modify content of the associative note, mouse double-click the associative note.
c. Change symbols
Tekla Structures highlights the marks and dimension marks that have changed due to
changes in the model.
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Tekla Structures highlights the changes in the following way:
 a change symbol (by default, a cloud) is drawn around the old point, the new
point and the dimension values, or around the changed mark or note.
 An arrow is drawn from the old dimension point to the new one.
Removing change symbols

To remove change symbols:
To Do this
Remove all dimension Click Dimensioning > Review Dimensions > Remove
change symbols Dimension > Change Symbol > All
Remove the selected  Select the change symbols to remove
dimension change symbols  Click Dimensioning > Review Dimensions > Remove
Dimension Change Symbol > Single
Remove all mark change Click Annotating > Review Marks > Remove Mark Change
symbols Symbol > All
Remove the selected mark  Select the change symbols you want to remove
change symbols  Click Annotating > Review Marks > Remove Mark
Change Symbol > Single
Remove all associative note Click Annotating > Review Marks > Remove Associative Note
change symbols Change Symbol > All
Remove the selected  Select the change symbols you want to remove
associative note change  Click Annotating > Review Marks > Remove
symbols Associative Note Change Symbol > Single
8. Independent annotation objects

Independent annotation objects are not linked or connected to Tekla Structures model in any way.
Tests, text files, dwg/dxf file, symbols, revision marks, links and hyperlinks are all independent
annotation objects.
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a. Adding text
Create text with leader line Create text
Create text along line Create text along line, arrow at start
point
Create text along line, arrow at end

point
b. Adding links to text files

You can insert a text file inside a frame in a drawing.
Tekla Structures creates a link to the text file.
To add a link to a text file:
 Open the drawing where to add the text file to

 Drawing > Rich Text
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 Set the text color, height, and font

 Set the frame line type and color
 Select if you want to scale the text
 Browse for the file
 Click OK or Apply
 Pick one or two points in the drawing to indicate the corners of the text file
frame
c. Adding hyperlinks
To add a hyperlink:
 Open a drawing to add a
hyperlink to
 Drawing > Link
 Modify the text color, height,
font and effect
 Modify the frame line type
and color
 Select if you want to scale
the link
 In the File or URL text box,
enter an Internet address or
filename and path
If you need to locate the file, click Browse…
 If you want to display text for the hyperlink instead of the hyperlink, enter the
text in the Text box
 Click OK or Appy
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 Pick one or two points in the drawings to indicate the corners of the hyperlink
frame.
d. Adding links to dwg and dxf files

To add a link to a dwg or dxf file:
 Open the drawing to insert a dwg/dxf link

 Drawing > DWG/DXF
 Select the scaling options
 Select the link frame line
type and color
 In Name, browse for the
dwg or dxf file you want to
use
 Pick one or two points in
the drawing to place the
frame
 Click OK or Apply
9. Grids in drawings
a. Modifying grid and grid line properties
To modify grid properties:
 Ensure that you have the correct selection switch selected
o To modify grids, use the selection switch
o To modify grid lines, use
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 Mouse double-click the grid or grid line.
 Visible shows the grid lines in the drawing.

It you want to see the labels only, select
Only grid labels visible.
 Modify the label text placing, grid line and
text settings as required.
 Click Modify.
b. Moving grid labels

To move a grid label:
 Ensure that you have the grid line selection
switch selected
 Click a grid label
 Hold down Shift and drag the label by the label handle to a new position
c. Hiding grids or grid lines

To hide grids or grid lines:
 Ensure that you have the correct selection switch selected.
o To hide grids, use the selection switch
o To hide grid lines, use

 Click a grid or a grid line
 Mouse right-click the grid or the grid line
 Select Hide > Hide from drawing view
10. Three levels of modifying drawings

In Tekla Structures, you can modify drawings on three levels, depending on how permanent and
extensive modifications are needed.
a. Drawing level
Drawing level is the highest level of setting the drawing properties.
By setting properties on the drawing level, you can change the drawing properties of all
objects and elements in a drawing.
To change drawing properties at drawing level:

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 Mouse double-click the drawing area or select Edit > Drawing Properties
 Click the buttons to open the sub-dialog boxes and make modifications
 Click Modify
b. View level
You can modify the drawing properties on the view level. This means that the changes
you make apply only to the view that you have selected in the drawing
To modify drawing properties on the view level:

 Mouse double-click the drawing view frame
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 Check the point square to open the sub-setting and make modifications
 Click Modify
c. Object level
You can modify the drawing properties on the object level. Changes apply only to the
selected individual objects in the drawing.
To modify object properties in a drawing:
 Mouse double-click on the object to change, click Part, for example
 Change the desired settings

 Click Modify
11. Drawing layouts

Drawing layout:
1
defines which drawing tables to be included in a drawing
2
set the selection rules for drawing size.
3
set the scale of drawing views
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Tekla Structures selects the smallest defined drawing size which will fit the drawing views and the
table layout.
a. Table Layout
Table layout is a group of tables or templates included in a drawing of a certain type and
size.
The layout defines:
 which tables are included in the drawing

 where tables are located in the drawing
 how much space Tekla Structures leaves between the drawing frame and views
and between the drawing views
To modify drawing layout according to predefined setting:

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 Click Layout... button
 Select option from Layout
 Click Modify
b. Drawing size
To get Tekla Structures automatically asign fixed drawing size according to prededined
setting:

 Select Autosize from Size definition mode

 Select Fixed sizes from Autosize
 Click Modify
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To manually specific drawing size and table layout according to predefined setting:

 Select Spefific size from Size definition mode

 Specify drawing width and height in Drawing size
 Select predefined tables from Table layout
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Lesson VIII – Collaboration
Collaboration
Lesson VIII
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1. Merging two Tekla Structures models

To merge one Tekla Structures models from one to another, either completely or partially:
 Click Edit > Copy Special > From Another Model...
 Select the model to copy from in the Model directories list

 Enter the phases numbers of the objects to copy from, separated by spaces
For example: 2 7
 Click Copy
b. Exercise
Create a new model and copy all objects from model “Lesson 1”.
Question: What is the effect on numbering and drawings?
2. Multi-user mode
You can work on Tekla Structures models in either single-user or multi-user mode. Multi-user mode
allows several users to access the same model at the same time. Several users can work on the same
project and be aware of the others’ progress. This eliminates the need for copying and merging
models.
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a. General information on the multi-user mode

When to use multi-user mode
You can use Tekla Structures in either single-user or multi-user mode. In single-user
mode, only one user can work on a model at one time. When modeling a large project,
multi-user mode allows many users to work on a model simultaneously.
Advantages
 No duplicate models to control, track or store
 Using only one model reduces on site errors
 Erection plans based on a single master model
 Bolt and material lists generated from a single master model
 Ability to share the workload of large projects among many users
 Ability to collect model history (see XS_COLLECT_MODEL_HISTORY)
Switching between single-user and multi-user modes

You can easily switch between single-user and multi-user modes by using the different
options in the Open dialog box.
To open a multi-user model in single-user mode:
1. In the Open dialog box, select the multi-user model.

2. Right-click and select Open as single-user model from the pop-up menu.
To open a single-user model in multi-user mode:
1. In the Open dialog box, select the single-user model.

2. Right-click and select Open as multi-user model from the pop-up menu.
3. Tekla Structures asks for the name of the server. In the Open as multi-user
model dialog box, enter the server name or select it from the list box, and then
click OK.
Changing the server of a multi-user model

To change the Tekla Structures server of a multi-user model:
1. In the Open dialog box, select the multi-user model.

2. Right-click and select Change server from the pop-up menu.
3. Tekla Structures asks for the name of the new server. In the Change server dialog
box, enter the server name or select it from the list box, and then click OK.
b. Overview of the multi-user system

A Tekla Structures multi-user system runs on a TCP/IP network and consists of:
• A server computer running xs_server.exe

• A file server computer containing the master model
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• Client computers running Tekla Structures
The Tekla Structures multi-user server

The Tekla Structures multi-user server program performs these main tasks:
 Distributes ID numbers for new objects

 Locks the model when somebody saves or numbers the model
 Identifies client computers
 Keeps track of active multi-users
 Gives numbers for general arrangement drawings and multidrawings
 Displays warnings if an another user has already edited or is currently editing
drawings or the same model object
To optimize the performance of a multi-user system, run as few other programs as

possible on the Tekla Structures multi-user server. This ensures that it processes
network requests for object ID numbers efficiently.
Server shutdown
Users should save their working models to the master model before the Tekla Structures
multi-user server is shut down. If the server closes down before saving the working
models, simply restart it, then have users save their working models to the master model.
c. How multi-user works
The multi-user model consists of a single master model. Each user can access this model and open
their own local view of the model. This local view is called a working model. The above image
shows one possible configuration of the multi-user system.
Any changes a user makes to his working model are local and are not visible to other users until he
saves the working model to the master model.
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The multi-user system can contain several client computers, where users work on their working
models. The master model can be located anywhere on the network, including any of the client
computers.
When you open a multi-user model on a client computer, Tekla Structures makes a copy of the
master model and saves it locally on the client computer (a working model).
When you click Save to save your working model back to the master model, Tekla Structures:
1. Takes a new copy of the master model and compares your working model with it.
2. Saves the changes in your working model to the copy of the master model (locally).
3. Saves this copy back to the master model. (Other users can now see your changes.)
4. Takes a new copy of the master model and saves it locally as your working model. (You
can see your own changes and those uploaded by other users.)
d. Modeling in multi-user mode

Working with a master model
Before you start a project, assign each user an area of the model. To prevent potential
save conflicts, you need to avoid having more than one user working on the same, or
adjacent model objects.
Example
If three users are to model a project, User #1 could model columns, User #2 the 1st floor
beams, and User #3 the 2nd floor beams. In the following example, three users are
working on the same model. You can see how modeling and saving works in practice.
The master model contains columns and grids, as you can see here. Each user opens the
model in multi-user mode. All users are now working on working models, locally.
On the working models:
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User #1 adds base plates to the columns:
User #2 adds and connects the 1st floor steel beams:
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User #3 adds and connects the 2nd floor steel beams:
User #1 clicks Save to save to the master model. His working model now shows the base
plates he added and looks like this:
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User #2 clicks Save to save to the master model. His working model now shows his 1st
floor framing and User #1’s base plates:
User #3 clicks Save to save to the master model. His working model now shows all three
users’ work:
To see the updated master model, Users #1 and #2 need to save to the master model
again to update their working models.
e. Drawings in multi-user mode

The multi-user environment is very useful when several users are simultaneously editing drawings.
This section describes aspects of drawing production that are specific to multi-user mode.
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About drawing files

Tekla Structures saves each drawing in a unique file. These drawing files are located in
the drawing folder in the master model folder.
The file is in the format D0000123456.dg. dg files are part of the model, so you
can only open them using the Tekla Structures drawing editor.
dg files contain the locations of views, details of any editing done to the drawing, and
the positions of dimensions, part marks, and text. The dg filename does not contain any
reference to assembly, part, or multidrawing numbers.
If two users open and save the same drawing in their working models, then save their
changes to the master model, one set of changes will be lost. The master model will only
contain the changes of the user who most recently saved their working model to the
master model.
The Tekla Structures server program xs_server.exe assigns the general

arrangement drawing numbers automatically. This means that each drawing gets the
first free number available. If users A and B both create a general arrangement drawing
at the same time, they are automatically assigned different numbers. The same applies
to multidrawing numbers.
Guidelines for multi-user drawings

You may find the following guidelines useful when you edit or check drawings:
Action Recommendation
Saving drawings Periodically save your working model to the master model
(every 5–10 drawings).
Editing drawings  Assign each user a different range of drawings to
edit.
 Lock finalized drawings.
 If Tekla Structures displays the message Database
write conflicts detected and a drawing ID number,
two or more users have opened and saved the same
drawing.
Checking drawings Only check locked drawings.
Printing drawings Make sure that no-one else is working with the same
drawing. If you print a drawing while someone else is
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editing it and then save the model, the other user’s

changes will be lost, even though you have not opened,
modified, or saved the drawing.
You can disable the print date by using the advanced option
XS_DISABLE_DRAWING_PLOT_DATE.
Creating general Create a set of empty general arrangement drawings in the
arrangement drawings beginning of the project, and assign a a certain range of
these ready-created empty drawings to each user (for
example, GA1 to GA10 to User A, GA11-GA20 to User B and
so on). This prevents overlapping general arrangement
drawing numbers in the project.
Locks for drawings

When you are about to open a drawing, Tekla Structures displays a notification on the
status of the drawing. The options are:
 Someone is already editing it.

 Someone has already edited it (drawing has been saved to their computer, but
not yet to the server).
 The drawing has already been saved and there is a newer version available on
the server.
3. Tekla BIMsight
Tekla BIMsight is a tool for construction project collaboration.
All disciplines of the construction workflow can combine their models, check for clashes, markup
and share information under 3D environment.
Tekla BIMsight enables project participants to identify and solve issue already in the design phase
before actual construction.
Tekla BIMsight is free to download and distribute through the internet.
a. Download and installation

Three installation steps:
 Download Tekla BIMsight from the following web site

www.TeklaBIMsight.com
 Online installation
 Register yourself for unlimited use
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b. Create New Project

To create new project:
 Project > New Project

 Select the default project name New Project, and rename it
 Click View to select models to add to the project
 Click Open
 Click Fit to view to display the whole model
c. Adding a model into a project

You can add as many models in a project as needed.
To add a model in a project:
 Go to the Models tab

 Click the Add File(s) button
 Browse for the model file
 Click Open
d. Moving a model
To move a model:
 Select a model to move

 Go to the Models tab
 Click the Move button below the model list
 Enter the Elevation, X and Y value
e. Navigation
Rotating around a point
Click and hold mouse left button to rotate
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Zoom in and out

Scroll the mouse wheel to zoom in and out
Pan the view

Click and hole mouse middle button to pan the view
f. Clip Planes
To add clip planes to focus on required details in the model:
 Go to the Clipping tab

 Click the Add Clip Plane button
 Snap to an object
Tekla BIMsight displays the orientation of the clip plane
 Click the object to set the clip plane

 A clip plane symbol appears
 To move a clip plane, drag the clip plane symbol to a new location
g. Validating a model
Creating a conflict rule
You can create your own conflict rules to suit various conflict checks.
A conflict rule determines the inspected objects and conflict conditions.
To create a conflict rule:
 Go to the Conflict Checking tab

 Click the Add a New Rule button
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The Edit Rule dialog box opens

 Modify the rule properties as required
 Click Save Changes to save the conflict rule
The new conflict rule appears as the Conflict Checking tab
Running a conflict check

You can run a conflict check to validate a model and see the possible clashes between
model objects.
To run a conflict check:
 Go to the Conflict Checking tab

 Select the conflict check you want to run
 Click to run the check
Tekla BIMsight displays a progress bar on the conflict rule during the
checking.
When the checking is finished, conflicts are indicated with symbols in the
model view and listed in the conflict browser.
h. Markup
Redlining
You can draw redline on the model view to highlight important details on the model.
To add redlining:
 Go to Markup tab > click Marker
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 Move mouse cursor to select the right plane to

draw on
 Snap the right location and draw the redlining with
your mouse
 Click Marker to finish drawing
To delete redlining:
 Mouse select the redlining

 Press Delete key
Measure distances
To measure distances:
 Go to Markup tab > click Distance

 Measure distance by picking two vertexes, edges or surfaces
To change the measurement unit:
 Go to Settings tab > change the Unit System
i. Commenting
Add a note
To add a note:
 Select objects in the model to link the note to

 Go to Note tab > click Add Note
 Type in the note
 Click Save
j. Documents
Add a document
You can add documents of your project and link them to
model object in Tekla BIMsight.
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To add a document:
 Go to Documents > click Add files

 Browse to the file and click Open to add it
You can see the document is added to the Document tab
 Enter a tag for the document
 Mouse double-click on the name of the document to see a preview of it
 Mouse double-click on the preview to see the full document
 To link objects to the document
o Mouse select the objects
o Click +Link to Selected
k. Exercise
Open a Tekla Structures model “Lesson 1” and publish it to Tekla BIMsight.
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l. Exercise
Open the Tekla BIMsight model “Lesson 8” that has been given to you. Examine the model and
answer the followings:
1. What application is used to create the architectural model?
2. What application is used to create the M&E model?
3. Where are all the HEB400 columns?
4. Where are all the conflicts between structural and MEP objects?
5. Add notes to some of the conflicts you have found.
m. Exercise (Optional)
Optional:
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Install Tekla BIMsight Note app on your Android/iOS device. Share the notes that you have done
on your (or other people) device.
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Lesson IX – Interoperability
Interoperability
Lesson IX
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1. Reference Models
You may create a referencing link to an external file or model in Tekla Structures.
An architectural model, plant design model, or a mechanical and electrical model can be used as a
reference model.
The following file types are supported:
 AutoCAD (*.dxf, *.dwg)

 MicroStation (*.dgn, *.prp)
 Cadmatic models (*.3dd)
 IFC files (*.ifc)
 IGES files (*.igs, *.iges)
 STEP files (*.stp, *.STEP)
 Tekla Structures xml files (*.xml)
You can snap to geometry in reference model.
Tekla Structures loads the reference model from the file each time you open your model. It
does not save the reference model when you save the current model.
a. Inserting a reference model

To insert a reference model:
 Open a Tekla Structures model

 Check the work plane position, as it determines the rotation of the reference
model in Tekla Structures environment
 Click File > Insert Reference Model...
 Click Browse... to locate the reference model file

 Set the scale of the reference model, it is difference from Tekla Structures’.
 Click Apply
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 Pick a position to place the reference model into Tekla Structures environment
The point you pick defines the reference model’s origin.
b. Modifying visibility of a reference model

To modify properties of a reference model:
 Click File > Reference Model List...

 Select either Show or Hidden in the Visibility list box
c. Detecting changes in a reference model

Changes between an old and a new reference model can be detected by using
commands in the Reference Model Properties dialog box
To view changes in a reference model:
 Mouse double-click the reference model

 In the Reference Model Properties dialog
box, browse for the old reference file by
clicking the Browse... button next to the
Old file name field
 Select an option in the Show list box in
the Change detection section
 Click Display.
d. Viewing reference model layers

You can view different layers of a reference model.
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To view reference model layers:
 Mouse double-click the reference model

 In the Reference Model Properties dialog box > click Select layers...
 Select the layers you want to view.
 Click OK
 Click Modify in the Reference Model Properties dialog box
e. Clash detection between objects in reference model and Tekla Structures

model
To perform clash detection:
 Make sure that Select objects in components is turn on in Selection

toolbar
 Select both objects in the reference model and Tekla Structures model
 Mouse right-click > Clash Check
f. Converting IFC objects

You can convert linear IFC objects into native Tekla Structures objects. Supported IFC
objects include beams, column, braces, plates, slabs, footings and walls.
To convert IFC object:
 Make sure that Select objects in components is turn on in Selection

toolbar
 Click Tools > Convert IFC objects
 Select the IFC objects you want to convert
 Click Convert
g. Exercise
Create a new Tekla Structures model and insert “rac_advanced_sample_project.ifc” as a

reference model. Turn on/off some of the layers to study the architectural reference model. Try
to convert some of the IFC objects as native Tekla Structures objects.
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2. Import and export

You can use import and export in Tekla Structures for several purposes:
 Import 2D or 3D models created by other softwares, then detail them using Tekla
Structures. Once detailing is completed, export the model and return it to the architect
or engineer for review.
 Export Tekla Structures models to use in analysis and design in several formats. Then
import the design and analysis results back to Tekla Structures.
 Export date for use in the fabrication phase:
o CNC data for use by automated cutting, boring and welding machinery
o MIS (Manufacturing Information System) for fabricators can track project
progress
a. Import DWG / DXF files

To import DWG / DXF file:
 Click File > Import > DWG / DXF...
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You will need to include the following additional information about the import file:
 Create:
o Reference lines - displays parts in the model using their reference lines in
the original model.
o Parts - displays the full profile of parts in the original model, based on the
profile sizes in the Beam profile and Plate profile fields. You can only use
metric profiles with this option.
 Check Use 2D import to import a two dimensional representation of the original
model. This is useful when you use the reference line option. Leave Use 2D
import blank to import the model in 3D.
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b. Exercise
Create a new Tekla Structures model and import a DXF file “Space Frame.dxf” that has been
exported from STAAD.Pro using default settings.
Question: Do you see any problem? What is the difference between “import” and “reference”?
c. Export DWG / DXF files
You can export models to a 3D DWG or 3D DXF file types.
By default, Tekla Structures creates the model.dwg file in

the current model folder.
To export to 3D DWG/DXF:
 Select File > Export > 3D DWG/DXF…

 Accept the default file name, or use the ... button to browse for another
file.
 Select whether to export as DWG or as DXF.
 Modify the export options as required.
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 In the Export list, select one of the following options:

o All objects to export the whole model, or
o Selected objects to export selected parts from the model.
 Click Create.
d. Exporting 3D DGN
The 3D DGN export tool creates a model.dgn file in the current model folder.
To export a 3D DGN file:
1. Open a Tekla Structures model.

2. Select the objects in the model to export.
3. Click File > Export > 3D DGN... to open the Export 3D DGN dialog box.
4. In the Output file box, enter the name of the export file or click the .. button
to browse for it.
5. In the Export list, select All objects, or Selected objects to export the selected
parts.
6. Click Create.
e. Exporting BVBS
You can export the geometry of reinforcements into BVBS (Bundesvereinigung

Bausoftware) format.
The result is a text file in ASCII format. The supported version of the BVBS format is
2.0 year 2000.
You can export bent reinforcing bars, reinforcing bar groups and polygonal or
rectangle not-bent meshes. The export of the hooks is also supported.
To export reinforcement to BVBS format:
 Ensure that numbering is up to date

 Click File > Export > BVBS...
 Select which reinforcements you want to export in the Model objects to
be exported list box.
 Select how to export drawing data:
o Select a source for the drawing name in Drawing name source.
o To use a fixed drawing name in the export, select Fixed text in
Drawing name source and enter the required name in Fixed
drawing name..
o Enter the drawing revision number in Rev.
 Select how the reinforcement is exported:
o To export information on all reinforcement in one file, select
Single file. To browse for the file, use the ... button.
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o To export information of reinforcement in each cast unit in a

separate file, select One file per each cast unit.
 Select what BVBS elements to export by selecting the appropriate check
boxes in BVBS elements to be exported.
 Click Export.
f. Export DSTV
DSTV format is an industrial standard defined by the German Steel Construction
Association. It is the format most recent NC machine can read.
To create DSTV files:
 Select the parts from which you want to create NC files.

 Click File > Export > CNC > Create NC Files... to display the NC files dialog box.
 Click Add to display the NC file settings dialog box.
 Go to the File format field on the Files and part selection tab and select DSTV.
 In the Settings name field, enter a distinctive name for the settings.
 Click OK to save your settings and close the NC file settings dialog box.
 Go to the NC File settings section of the NC files dialog box and select the DSTV
file settings you created.
 Select the Selected parts checkbox.
 Click Create.
This will create nc1 files for all selected parts and put them in the model folder.
The filename consists of a position number and the extension nc1.
g. CIS and CIMSteel

The CIS (CIMsteel Integration Standards) is one of the results of the Eureka CIMsteel project. The
current version CIS/2 is an extended and enhanced second-generation release of the CIS. It was
developed to facilitate a more integrated method of working through the sharing and management
of information within, and between, companies involved in the planning, design, analysis and
construction of steel framed buildings and structures.
There is one limitation: multi-material objects cannot be defined, because the standard
concentrates on steel objects.
Importing a CIMSteel model

To import a CIS (CIMSteel) model:
1. Select File > Import > CIMSteel....
The Import Model dialog box is displayed.
2. Select Import CIS model from the Type list.

3. Use the default name import model or enter a new name.
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4. Click OK.
5. Select the model from the list.
6. Click Properties... to open a dialog box where you can define the settings for the
import file type you selected.
7. On the Parameters tab, enter the following information:
 Select the Model type, which can be Analysis, Design or SP3D.
 Select CIS/1 or CIS/2 from the CIS version list.
 Enter the name of the model file in the Input file box.
You can also browse for the file.
 Set the origin coordinates to place the file in a specific location.
 To combine several elements in the CIS model into one part in Tekla
Structures, set Combine members to Yes.
 Use Max length for combining to define the maximum length for combining
parts (the maximum length of the combined parts together).
 Set Ignore offsets Yes if you want Tekla Structures to use member offsets to
locate the physical members.
 In Ignore forces, indicate how forces are imported.
 To also import part GUIDS, set Import GUID (design model) to Yes.
8. On the Conversion tab, enter the conversion file names or browse for the
conversion files.
9. Click OK to go to the Import Model dialog box.
10. Click Import.
Tekla Structures displays the Import model info dialog box.
11. Select which version of parts to import.
12. Click Accept all.
If you have changed the model and want to re-import it, you can also reject all
changes by clicking Reject all, or accept or reject individual changes by clicking
Select individual....
13. Tekla Structures displays the message Do you want to save the import model
for subsequent imports? Click Yes.
Tekla Structures displays the import model in a model view.
14. Right-click the model view and select Fit work area to entire model to ensure
that the imported model is completely visible.
15. If parts are missing, check the View depth Up and Down values in the View
Properties dialog box and change them if necessary.
Exporting to a CIMSteel analysis model

To export to a CIMsteel analysis model:
1. Open a Tekla Structures model that you want to export.
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2. Select the objects to export using the appropriate selection switches or filters.
3. Click File > Export > CIMSteel > Analysis model....
4. Select the CIS version from the CIS version list.
 CIS/1 generates a file that is compatible with the CIMsteel LPM4DEP1
schema declaration.
 CIS/2 generates a file compatible with the CIMSteel CIS/2
(STRUCTURAL_FRAME_SCHEMA) schema declaration.
5. Enter a name for the export file in the Step file box or accept the default.
You can enter the path or browse for it. If you do not enter a path, Tekla
Structures creates the export file in the current model folder.
6. If required, enter the name and organization to identify who created the export
file.
7. From the Flavor list, select one of the following standards to apply to the export:
UK, EUROPEAN, or US.
8. Set units to metric or imperial in the Linear units (CIS/2 only) box.
Imperial is only available for CIS/2. CIS/1 is always exported in metric units.
9. Enter coordinate values in Origin X, Y, and Z boxes if you want to export the
model to a specific location.
The origin comes from the origin in Tekla Structures.
10. To split a part in the Tekla Structures model into several elements in the CIMsteel
model, set Split members to Yes.
For example, three columns may be connected to a beam in a model, so that one
column is in the middle and the others are at each end of the beam. With the
Yes option the beam is split into two equal elements in the CIMsteel model. With
the No option there will be one beam, a single linear element, and two nodes (a
node at each end) in the CIMsteel model.
11. Click Apply and Create.
Tekla Structures exports the CIMSteel analysis model to the current model folder,
or to another folder you specified, using the name you specified.
202
h. Exercise
Create a new Tekla Structures model and import a CIS/2 file called “Space Frame.stp”. Use
appropriate profile conversion file if necessary.
3. Analysis and design systems

Analysis and design systems are used to design and analyze the frame or components within a
structure. These applications calculate the loading, stresses and strains on the elements. They also
calculate the moments, shears and deflections on objects under various loading conditions.
These types of applications make use of various forms of analysis from the traditional first order
static, second order p-delta, geometric non-linear or buckling analysis. They can also make use of
various forms of dynamic analysis from modal extraction to time history and response spectrum
analysis along with the sizing of steel, concrete and timber elements to the relevant national and
international design codes.
Some examples of these systems are CSC Orion, ETABS, STAAD.Pro, SAP2000, Robot, ISM, S-
Frame, MIDAS, Dlubal, SCIA, Powerframe, GTStrudl, Strusoft, and AxisVM.
203
a. Basics
1 Parts
2 Loads
3 Node
4 Analysis bar and member
5 Analysis model
6 Physical and load models
Physical model
A physical model includes the parts you have created in the model, and information
related to them. Each part in the physical model exists in the completed structure.
Load model
The load model contains information about loads and load groups. It also contains
information about the building code Tekla Structures uses in load combination.
204
Analysis model
An analysis model is used when structural analysis is run. Tekla Structures generates the
required analysis members automatically for the physical model parts when you have
an analysis model selected in the Analysis & Design models dialog box. The following
analysis objects are generated:
 Nodes and analysis members and elements of the physical parts

 Support conditions for nodes
 Connectivity between the members and nodes
 Loads to members and elements
The analysis model also includes load combinations.
Analysis application
Tekla Structures links with a number of analysis applications and also supports export
with them in several formats. The analysis application you use to run structural analysis
uses data from the analysis model to generate analysis results.
For more information on the analysis applications that you can use with Tekla Structures,
visit Tekla Extranet at https://extranet.tekla.com. You can also access Tekla Extranet
from Tekla Structures at Help > Online Support > Tekla Extranet.
b. Analysis and design direct links

When you have a direct link to an analysis and design application, and you export the
analysis model from Tekla Structures using that particular analysis application, the
model is opened in the application. Tekla Structures and the analysis and design
application need to be installed on the same computer.
The analysis and design direct links are created either using the Tekla Open API or the
older COM link (Common Object Model transfer technology). A number of direct links
are available including AxisVM, CSC Orion, Diamonds, Dlubal, ETABS, GTStrudl, ModeSt,
MIDAS, NISA, Powerframe, ISM, Robot, SAP2000, SCIA, S-Frame, STAAD.Pro, STRUDS,
and Strusoft. CSC Orion, ETABS, STAAD.Pro, SAP2000, Robot and ISM are available for
downloading on the Tekla Extranet. For the other applications, the links can be
downloaded from the vendor web sites or by contacting the vendor.
There are special 64-bit installations for STAAD.Pro, SAP2000, Robot and ISM. The other
direct links should only be used with 32-bit installations of Tekla Structures, which can
be loaded on a computer with a 64-bit operating system.
c. Robot
The Robot Millennium A&D application is owned by Autodesk Inc. Full product details can be found
on the Robot Millennium web site.
205
 This application is suitable for basic interoperability, and it can export and import cis/2 files.
 If you install Tekla Structures and Robot Millennium on the same computer, then a direct
link can be used.
 Currently only the EC3, LRFD, CM66, E32 and ANS design codes are available in Robot when
using the direct link.
 If you are upgrading to Robot 2012, you will need to uninstall Robot 2011 along with the
Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis link. Then install Robot 2012 and the link again. This way
you make Tekla Structures point to the Robot 2012 application.
d. SAP2000
The SAP2000 analysis & design application is written by Computers & Structures, Inc. Full product
details can be found on their website.
 The SAP2000 analysis & design application can export and import cis/2 and ifc files, and
export SDNF files.
 If Tekla Structures and SAP2000 are installed on the same computer, then a direct link can
be used.
 It is important that you run SAP2000 for the first time as a standalone application before
your load the link. Just start SAP2000 and create a new model, save it and close SAP2000.
This will then update your registry which is needed by the link.
e. STAAD.Pro
The STAAD.Pro analysis and design application is owned by Bentley Systems, Incorporated. Full
product details can be found on their website.
 STAAD.Pro can export and import CIS/2 files, along with their std format. It has become a
semi-industrial standard especially in the plant and heavy engineering segments.
 If Tekla Structures and STAAD.Pro are installed on the same computer, then a direct link can
be used.
 Profile mapping for different installation environments is achieved by mapping the profiles
used by Tekla Structures and Bentley in files called ProfileExportMapping.cnv and
ProfileImportMapping.cnv located in the TeklaStructures\TS_STAAD folder.
Currently these files are only used in import.
f. ISM
Bentley’s Integrated Structural Modeling (ISM) is a technology for sharing structural engineering
project information among structural modeling, analysis, design, drafting and detailing applications.
ISM is similar to Building Information Modeling (BIM), but focuses on the information that is
important in the design, construction and modification of the load bearing components of buildings,
bridges and other structures. Full product details can be found on their website.
206
The ISM link is different form the other analysis and design links in that the physical model is also
transferred at the same time as the analysis and design model and the ISM model can be imported
into an empty Tekla Structures model. The round-trip of model information is also controlled by a
synchronizer.
If Tekla Structures version 17.0, 18.0, 18.1 or later and an ISM enabled Analysis & Design application
or Bentley Viewer v8i are installed on the same computer then a direct link can be used.
In order to use the link the ISM Structural Synchronizer version 3.0 needs to be loaded before the
link.
207
Lesson X – Open Discussion & Certification

Examination
Open Discussion & Certification

Examination
Lesson X
208
Appendix – Additional Exercise
Additional Exercise
Appendix
209
1. Exercise 1
210
2. Exercise 2
211
3. Exercise 3
212
4. Exercise 4
213
5. Exercise 5
214
6. Exercise 6
215

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Tekla Structures Foundation Course 2017

Tekla Structures Foundation Course

a. Switching rollover highlight on or off .............................................................................. 32

b. Ending a command ...................................................................................................... 45

a. Creating a steel polybeam ............................................................................................... 68

b. Set work plane using three points ............................................................................... 92

g. Splitting reinforcing bar groups ..................................................................................... 131

c. Creating a curved section view ...................................................................................... 154

a. Modifying grid and grid line properties ......................................................................... 168

3. Exercise 3 ...................................................................................................................... 212

Lesson I – Evolution of BIM & About Tekla Structures

Evolution of BIM & About Tekla

The basic drafting procedure is to place a piece of paper on

"Parallel lines" can be drawn simply by moving the T-

b. Two Dimensional Computer Aided Design (2D CAD)

Beginning in the 1980s computer-aided design programs

c. 3D CAD – Solid Modeling

The use of solid modeling techniques allows for the

In this system you sketched a feature and made

e. First BIM Software

Development of ArchiCAD started in

3. Collaboration and Information Management

6. BIM Is Not Everywhere

7. Tekla Structures BIM Software

8. One software solution, different configurations and

The features included in different configurations are:

Printing and publishing

Drawings, plans and reports

Steel MIS links ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

IFC 2x3 export ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Environments available in Tekla Structures

9. Other Tekla Products

Tekla Model Sharing Tekla Structural Designer

Tekla BIMsight Tekla Tedds

Tekla Field3D Tekla Civil

10. Key Benefits

11. Main Features

 Easy modelling of basic objects, such as beams, columns and slabs.

 Catalogs of available material grades, profiles, bolts and reinforcements.

 Modeling tools to create complex structures, such as staircases

 Links to industrial standard formats, such as IFC

12. Starting Tekla Structures

 Click the Windows Start button

 Go to the Tekla Structures 2016i menu item

 Wait for the login dialog box to appear

Tekla Structures start-up user interface:

13. Opening a Tekla Structures model

 Click All Models

14. Tekla Structures Interface

9. The selection switches control which objects you can select.

a. Zoom in and out

 Pan the model using mouse wheel

b. Rotate the model

 Rotate the model using the middle mouse button

c. Pan the model

 Pan the model using the middle mouse button

15. Coordinate System

It is located in the lower right corner

b. Global Coordinate Symbol

16. Selecting Objects

a. Switching rollover highlight on or off

To switch rollover highlight on or off:

b. Selecting single objects