AutuCAD

− AutoCAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) program used for 2-D and 3-D
design and drafting. AutoCAD is developed and marketed by Autodesk Inc.
and was one of the first CAD programs that could be executed on personal
computers AutoCAD was initially derived from a program called Interact,
which was written in a proprietary language.

− The first release of the software used only primitive entities such as
polygons, circles, lines, arcs and text to construct complex objects. Later, it
came to support custom objects through a C++ application programming
interface. The modern version of the software includes a full set of tools for
solid modeling and 3-D. AutoCAD also supports numerous application
program interfaces for automation and customization.

− DWG (drawing) is the native file format for AutoCAD and a basic standard for
CAD data interoperability. The software has also provided support for Design
Web Format (DWF), a format developed by Autodesk for publishing CAD
data.
DAY-1 DATE-12/10/18
TOPICS COVERED –
 UNITS CONTROL
 COORDINATE SYSTEM
 DRAFTING SETTINGS

I. First thing to do to start drafting in autoCAD is to set a specific unit and

precision according to our work.

II. There are three types of coordinate system is availbale in autoCAD

1. absolute coordinates – all input point specify in your drawing using
standard cartesian coordinate x and y.
to specify point type (x,y) [ENTER].
2. relative coordinates – after first point entered, your next point can be
entered by specifying the next coordinate relative to the previous one.
to specify point type @(x,y) [ENTER].
3. polar coordinates – polar coordinate is used when you need to draw the
next point at an specific angle.
to specify point type @DISTANCE<ANGLE [ENTER].

III. Practice the simple coordinate systems by using line draw commad.
to create a line type- L [ENTER].

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DAY – 2 DATE- 13/10/18
TOPICS COVERED –
 DRAW COMMANDS

I. LINE- to draw a line this command is used. to give line command type
L[ENTER].
II. POLYLINE- the polyline command also creates line but in a single
segment. to give polyline command type PL [ENTER].
III. CIRCLE- to create a circle simply give command C [enter]. there are many
way to draw circle i.e. specify center and radius, specify center and
diameter, 3 point method, 2 point method, TTR, TTT.
IV. ARC- to create an arc give command ARC [ENTER].
V. ELLIPSE- to create an ellipse give command EL [ENTER].
VI. RECTANGLE- to create a rectangle give command REC [ENTER].
VII. HATCH- to create hatch pattern give hatch command type HAT [enter].
Different type of hatch pattern and gradient can be created with hatch
command.
VIII. POLYGON- To create polygon of side having 3, 4 ,5 etc. give command
POL [ENTER]. Polygon can be created inscribed in a circle, circumscribed
about a circle and with the length of edges.
IX. SPLINE- It is a command used to draw curved lines. To give spline
command type SPL [ENTER]. We can adjust the curve with the control
point on the spline.

Used these draw command and drawn practice drawings in practice session.

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DAY – 3 DATE – 14/10/18
TOPICS COVERED –

 MODIFY COMMAND

I. MOVE – This command is used to move the created object from one
coordinate to another. To give move command type MO [ENTER].
II. ROTATE – This commad is used to rotate the created object at a specified
angle. To give rotate command type RO [ENTER].
III. COPY – To copy any object simply type CO [ENTER]. We can multiple copy
any object by copy command.
IV. TRIM – Trim command is used for cut or remove any part of drawn
sketch, which have to touch any edge. To give trim command TR [ENTER]
[ENTER].
V. FILLET – Fillet command is used to give an circular arc between two
intersecting lines or adjacent polyline segments.
VI. MIRROR – Mirror command is used for create a mirror image of selected
object. To give mirror command type MI [ENTER].
VII. ARRAY – The array command makes multiple copies of selected object in
a rectanglular matrix (columns and rows) or a polar (circular) pattern. To
give array command type ARR [ENTER].
VIII. CHAMFER – Chamfer command used for cutting to edges or rectangle
with a given distance. To give chamfer command CHA [ENTER].
IX. OFFSET – The offset command creates a new object parallel to or
concentric with a selected object. To give offset command type OFF
[ENTER].
X. SCALE – Scale command is used to reduce or increase the object by given
scale. To give scale command type SC [ENTER].
XI. ERASE – To erase any object erase command is given by E [ENTER].
XII. EXPLODE – Explode is used to separate the elementary component of any
drawn object. To give explode command X [ENTER].

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DAY – 4 DATE – 15/10/18
TOPICS COVERED-
 ANNOTATION
 TEXT
 INSERT A TABLE
 LAYERS
 DRAWING AIDS
 ISOMETRIC DRAWING
I. ANNOTATION – After the drawing is completed the necessary
thing is to give the annotation (dimensions) of the drawing. For
this open annotation tab and select the type of annotation i.e.
linear, angular, radius, diameter, aligned length etc. The text style
and misc setting can be done in dimension setting DIMST [ENTER].

II. TEXT – To write texts on the drawing text command is used. There
are two types of text single line text second multi line text. To give
single line text use TEXT [ENTER], and for multi line text MTEXT
[ENTER].
III. INSERT A TABLE –To insert a table on workspace with a specified
rows and column open annotation tab and click on the table

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 icon.We can choose and modify which type of table is useful forus.

IV. LAYERS – Layers command is used to draw the drawing in different

layers. Layers are like transparent sheet on which different line
type, line colour can be made. In a drawing which contains many
types of line it is most useful command.

V. DRAWING AIDS –
1. ORTHO MODE – ortho is short form of orthogonal, which means
either vertical or horizontal. It is a drawing mode which can be
turned on or off. The quickest method way is just to click on the
ORTHO button on the status bar. Shortcut key is F8.
2. GRID MODE – The drawing grid is regular pattern of dots displayed
on the screen which acts as a visual aid, it is the equivalent of
having a sheet of graph paper behind your drawing on drawing
board. We can control the spacing of grid. Shortcut key is F7.
3. SNAP MODE – With snap mode turned on autoCAD only allows us
to pick points which lie on a regular grid. The snap grid is
completely independent of the display grid. Shortcut key to turn
on or off snap mode is F9.
4. OBJECT SNAP – Object snap mode is used to determine the
various point of the object i.e. endpoint, midpoint, center, etc.
Shortcut key for on or off object snap is F9.

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 VI. ISOMETRIC DRAWING – To create isometric drawing in autoCAD
use command SNAPSTYL and then press 1 [ENTER]. The plane
automatical change into isoplane and to change the isoplane use
F5 button.

DAY – 5 DATE – 16/10/18

TOPICS COVERED

 3D MODELING

I. PRE DFEINED 3D OBJECTS – In autoCAD pre defined 3D objects

are provided i.e. box, sphere, wedge, cylinder, cone, pyramid
etc.

II. EXTRUDE COMMAND – Extrude command is used to give third

dimension to a 2D object. Extrusion of a 2D object into 3D is
possible if and only the 2D object is a single line segment
otherwise it would be extruded as a plane.
III. PRESSPULL – It is just like extrude command where the
boundary is not necessary, only select the area and give height
to the object.
IV. REVOLVE – Creates a 3D solid or surface by sweeping an object
around an axis. When solid tab is active the revolve command
creates a solid and when the surface tab is active it creates a
surface.
V. SWEEP – Creates a solid or surface by sweeping. Creates a
sloid by sweeping a 2D object or sub object along a path.

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VI. LOFT – Loft command creates a 3D solid or surface in the
space between several cross sections.

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