Balloons

By: Kimberly Inga

Helium Balloons
Helium balloons are allowed to float
because they are less dense than air.
The molec-u-lar mass of he-li-um is 4,
while it is 32 for oxy-gen and 44 for
car-bon diox-ide. Therefore, helium is
less dense than air. This allows it to
float in the air. When a balloon is filled
with helium in a latex balloon. The
Helium will slowly leak out causing the
balloon to fall.
What is Helium?
The molecular mass of helium is 4. Helium is less dense than air.
Helium is nontoxic and is a monatomic gas and is the second element on the
periodic table. This gas has no color or smell. It is also less dense than oxygen and
carbon dioxide. Helium is made by the method of deep freezing natural gasses.
Here we have the element of He (Helium) represented 3 ways:
 He
Helium is the 2nd most
common elements in the
universe. But once it is
gone we cannot make it
again.
Experiment
In this video we see another way to make
balloons fly!
Caution
● Helium is less dense than normal air, when
inhaling it from a helium balloon it can briefly
changes the sound of yourvoice, causing the
voice to sound much higher. However,
breathing in too much helium can be very
dangerous, it can potentially choke people due
to a lack of oxygen.
Hot Air
Balloons
 Hot Air balloons
A hot air balloon is filled with hot air.The balloon is
called the ‘envelope’. It holds hot air that is made
by a burner.The burner creates an open flame by
burning a mix of liquid propane and air. Hot air
balloons are buoyant. Since the hot air inside the
envelope has a lower density than the colder air
outside. In the class text it states that the air in a
balloon expands when it is heated, also once air
is released from the top of the balloon it lowers
it thus, lowering the air density inside making the
balloon buoyant.(Adams, Hall 2015).
 Is a French physicist, who was the first

Jacques
person to fill a balloon with hydrogen gas.

He made the first solo balloon flight. He also

showed that the “volume of a given amount

Charles of gas (at constant pressure) increases

with the temperature of the gas.” That is,

(1746–1823)
the volume increases when the

temperature increases. (Adams, Hall,

2015).
The direct proportionality between volume

and temperature (in kelvins) is represented

by the equation known as Charles’s law :

V1/T1= V2/T2

CHARLES
Charles’s law “holds for a given sample of

gas at constant pressure. It tells us that (for

LAW
a given amount of gas at a given pressure)

the volume of the gas is directly proportional

to the temperature on the Kelvin scale”

(Adams, Hall, 2015).

How Hot Air
balloons
Stay Afloat
Air is made of matter.
Molecules of the same air
outside is sent into the balloon.
Then a heater heats up the air
inside of the balloon causing
the molecules to take up more
space so the air becomes less
dense. When these molecules
get heated up they bounce out
and spread. The hot air inside
the balloon is less dense than
the cool air outside. Warm air
floats up making the balloon
rise. The balloon loses air at
the top to float down.
 Work Cited
Brain, M. (2018, June 28). How Helium Balloons Work. Retrieved from
https://science.howstuffworks.com/helium2.htm

How to make a helium balloon. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://melscience.com/en/articles/how-make-helium-balloon/

Steven S. Zumdahl (Author), Donald J. DeCoste (2015). Introductory chemistry - A

Foundation, Eighth edition, Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste. New York:
Cengage Learning.

Science kids Hot Air Balloon Facts

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/vehicles/hotairballoons.html