Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
105-115 110
Subgrade CBR (%)= 14 5.24
95-105 100
Granular Subabse Thickness (mm) = 200 8.99
99.99
Trial Slab thickness (m) over DLC, h1 0.26
14
11859
Axle Load Spectrum Data
Rear Tandem Axle Rear Tridem Axle
100 100
OK
10 55 60.600
15 62
IRC:58-2015 Guidelines for Design of
Plain Jointed Rigid Pavements for Highways
Fatigue Damage Analysis
Example of Design of Slab Thickness for Pavement
(with and without doweled transverse joints. Beta value will be 0.66 for doweled joint and 0.90 for without dowels case) Axle Load Spectrum Data
Bottom-up Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Day-time (6 hour) traffic and
Type of pavement considered Pavement Structural Details
Positive Temperature Differential Top-Down Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Night-time (6 hour) traffic and Negative Temperature Differential
Carriageway 4-lane divided Modulus of subgrade reaction of subgrade, MPa/m 45
Thickness of Granular Subbase, mm 150 Rear Single Axle Rear Tandem Axle Rear Tridem Axle Rear Single Axles Rear Tandem Axles Rear Single Axles Rear Tandem Axles Rear Tridem Axles
(Stess computed for 50% of axle load) (Stress computed for 33% of axle load)
Load Mid-Point of Frequency Load Group Mid-Point of Load Mid-Point of Frequency Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Allowable Fatigue Expected Stress Allowable Fatigue
Shoulders :- Tied concrete shoulders ? (yes/no) Yes Thickness of Dry Lean Concrete subbase, mm 150 0.042 Group Load Group
(%) (kN)
Load Group Frequency (%) Group Load Group
(%)
Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Stress Ratio Repetitions Damage Repetitions Flex Stress MPa
Ratio (SR)
Repetitions Damage
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) MPa (SR) (Ni) (ni/Ni) (ni) (Ni) (ni/Ni)
Effective modulus of subgrade reaction of foundation,
Transverse joint spacing (m) 4.5 MPa/m 242.5 0.0481018228 185-195 190 0.00 380 - 400 390 0.00 530-560 545 0.00 0 3.403 0.687 2716 0.000 0 2.9601 0.598 32688.3122 0.000 0 3.095 0.625 15329 0.000 0 3.135 0.633 12239 0.000 0 3.0281502838 0.612 22308 0.000
Lane width (m) 3.5 Unit weight of Concrete, kN/m3 24 1.4310712635 175-185 180 0.00 360 - 380 370 0.00 500-530 515 0.00 0 3.286 0.664 5231 0.000 0 2.855 0.577 59013.1141 0.000 0 3.015 0.609 24046 0.000 0 3.0549 0.617 19199 0.000 0 2.9480071314 0.596 34994 0.000
Transverse Joints have dowel bars? (yes/no) Yes 28-day Flexural strength of cement concrete, MPa 4.5 1.0962 165-175 170 0.00 340 - 360 350 0.00 470-500 485 0.00 0 3.170 0.640 10075 0.000 0 2.7498 0.556 106538.007 0.000 0 2.935 0.593 37721 0.000 0 2.9747 0.601 30117 0.000 0 2.867863979 0.579 54895 0.000
Max. day-time Temperature Differential in slab, 0C (for
Design Traffic Estimation bottom-up cracking) 21 2.6173730863 155-165 160 0.00 320 - 340 330 0.00 440-470 455 0.00 0 3.053 0.617 19405 0.000 0 2.6447 0.534 199116.042 0.000 0 2.855 0.577 59173 0.000 0 2.8946 0.585 47245 0.000 0 2.7877208266 0.563 86114 0.000
Av. Annual rate of growth of commercial traffic 0.055 Load Transfer Efficiency Factor for TDC analysis, Beta = 0.66 125-135 130 1.12 260 - 280 270 2.80 350-380 365 4.00 6914 2.703 0.546 139257 0.050 9264 2.3292 0.471 4960185.84 0.002 8764 2.614 0.528 244377 0.036 11742 2.6541 0.536 187367 0.063 5830 2.5472913694 0.515 401787 0.015
(expressed as decimal) 0.66 for dowel Joints, 0.90 for joints without dowels
Cumulative No of Commercial vehicles during design 36988090 Elastic Modulus of Concrete, Ec (MPa) 30000 115-125 120 4.49 240 - 260 250 9.09 320-350 335 4.00 27719 2.586 0.522 297878 0.093 30075 2.2241 0.449 infinite 0.000 35133 2.534 0.512 448152 0.078 38121 2.574 0.520 326319 0.117 5830 2.4671482171 0.498 823625 0.007
period (two-way), A
Average No of axles per commercial vehicle, B 2.11 Poisson's Ratio of Concrete, Mu 0.15 105-115 110 5.24 220 - 240 230 12.59 290-320 305 10.00 32349 2.470 0.499 803824 0.040 41656 2.1189 0.428 infinite 0.000 41002 2.454 0.496 944182 0.043 52799 2.4939 0.504 636848 0.083 14576 2.3870050647 0.482 2069130 0.007
Cumulative No of Commercial Axles during design
period (two-way), C = A*B 78044871 Radius of relative stiffness, m 0.60436 604.3587519668 95-105 100 8.99 200 - 220 210 19.58 260-290 275 26.00 55499 2.353 0.475 3368258 0.016 64783 2.0138 0.407 infinite 0.000 70345 2.374 0.480 2483012 0.028 82113 2.4137 0.488 1477554 0.056 37897 2.3068619123 0.466 7497432 0.005
Factor for selection of traffic for BUC analysis (for six- 0.20 Front single (steering) Axles = H * K1 954259 99.99 100 100 617281 Fat Dam from Sing. Axles = 0.262 330863 Fat Dam from Tand Axles = 0.006 782404 Fat Dam from Sing. Axles = 0.224 419369 Fat Dam from Tand Axles = 0.391 145756 Fat Dam from Tridem Axles = 0.111
hour period during day), F
Factor for selection of traffic for TDC analysis (for six- Total Bottom-up Fatigue Damage due to single and
hour period during day), G 0.30 Rear single Axles = H * K2 617343
tandem axle loads = 0.262 + 0.006 = 0.268 Total Top-Down Fatigue Damage = 0.224 + 0.391 + 0.111 = 0.726
Front Single Axles and Rear Tridem axles not considered for bottom-up analysis
Design axle repetitions for BUC analysis (for 6 hour day
time traffic), H = B*E*F 2017460 Tandem Axles = H * K3 330863 Sum of CFD for BUC & TDC= 0.994 DESIGN IS SAFE SINCE SUM OF CFD FOR BUC AND TDC< OR EQ.1
20894858
Design of dowel bars: Design of Tie bars:
Design wheel load (kN) 66.5 Slab thickness
Lane (cm)width, or spacing between longitudinal
width or slab 29.5
Percentage of load transfer (%) 50 joints (b) (m) 7.5
Slab thickness (h) (mm) 300 Co-efficient of friction between slab & base (f) 1.5
Joint width (z) (mm) 20 Density of concrete (kg/m3) 2400
Radius of relative stiffness (l) (mm) 604.36
Allowable tensile stress in plain bars (as per IRC:15-2011)
Characteristic compressive strength (fck) (Mpa) 40 (kg/cm2) 1250
Diameter of dowel bar,'b' (assumed) (mm) 36 Allowable tensile stress in deformed bars (as per IRC:15-2011)
Permissible bearing stress in concrete as per ACI (MPa) 27.5485564304 (kg/cm2) 2000
Let, spacing between dowel bars (mm) 275 Allowable bond stress for plain tie bars (kg/cm2) 17.5
Load carried by the outer dowel bar, Pt (kg) Let, the length of tie bar be increased by 10 cm for loss of bond
20.34 due to painting and another 10 cm for tolerance in placement.
Therefore the length is 64 say 65 cm.
Check for bearing stress:
Moment of inertia of dowel (I) (mm^4) 82406.160
Elastic modulus of dowel material (Ed ) (MPa) 200000
Modulus of dowel/concrete interaction (k) (Mpa/m) 415000
3.451
Relative stiffness of dowel bar embedded in concrete (beta) 0.0218 4.451
30.03 0.02757
NOT Ok
This is less than the permissible bearing stress in
Bearing stress in dowel bar (kg/cm2) concrete 28 kg/cm2
Provide a dowel spacing (mm) 275
30
Bearing stress in dowel bar (kg/cm2) NOT Ok
Hence dowel bar details are as follows:
Diameter of bar (mm) 36
Spacing of bars (mm) 275
Length of bars (mm) 500
Placement of first dowel is at a distance (mm) from pavement edge 150
IRC:SP 76-2015 GUIDELINES OF CONVENTIONAL
AND THIN WHITETOPPING
Calculation for Design of Rigid overlay
Design Parameters
i) Design Life 30 Years
ii) Traffic Growth Rate, r 0.05
iii) Commercial Traffic 1399 cvpd
iv) Grade of Concrete M40
v) Cumulative Repetitions in 20 Years 33926000.8947012
vi) Design traffic 8481500.2236753
vii) CBR 14%
viii) Corresponding ‘k’ value: 6.2 kg/cm3
A minimum value of modified modulus of subgrade
xi) reaction has been considered in the design. 16 kg/cm3
Sum of Fatigue life consumed for single and tandem axle loads 0.05
OK
The cumulative life consumed both by single and tandem axle is 0.06 which is less than 1; the design is safe for the traffic proposed from fatigue
consideration.
Temperature Curling Stresses:
σT= 1.933-241000(αΔT) + 1.267(L/Ie)
σT = 15.1720583815
α= 0.00001
ΔT = -4.53
L= 150
Ie = 81.85606
Total flexural stresses due to load and curling = Maximum load stresses + curling stresses = 36.3681739849
This is less than the minimum flexural strength of 45 kg/cm2
Hence, design is safe. White topping thickness of 30.2 cm can be adopted.
Annexure-A
Traffic data: D- E
Growth rates =
Slab Due to
Thickness,m Due to
Rear
Tandem Total CFD
Single
Axles
Axles
0.26 1.893 0.014 1.907
0.27 0.834 0.002 0.836
0.28 0.364 0.000 0.364
0.29 0.151 0.000 0.151
0.3 0.057 0.000 0.057
ue Analysis for Day-time (6 hour) traffic and Positive Temperature Differential
Rear Tandem Axles
Allowable Fatigue
Fatigue Expected Flex Stress Stress Ratio
Repetitions Damage
Damage (ni/Ni) Repetitions (ni) MPa (SR)
(Ni) (ni/Ni)
0.02 0 2.15 0.43 infinite 0.00
0.02 0 2.08 0.42 infinite 0.00
0.01 22216 2.02 0.41 infinite 0.00
0.01 29622 1.96 0.40 infinite 0.00
0.00 37027 1.89 0.38 infinite 0.00
0.00 148110 1.83 0.37 infinite 0.00
0.00 259192 1.77 0.36 infinite 0.00
0.00 274003 1.70 0.34 infinite 0.00
0.00 296220 1.64 0.33 infinite 0.00
0.00 348058 1.58 0.32 infinite 0.00
0.00 348058 1.51 0.31 infinite 0.00
0.00 3184363 1.45 0.29 infinite 0.00
0.057 4946872 Fat Dam from Tand Axles = 0.000
e and tandem axle loads
0.057 + 0.000 = 0.057
wn Cracking Fatigue Analysis for Night-time (6 hour) traffic and Negative Temperature Differential
Rear Tridem Axles
Rear Tandem Axles (Stess
computed for 50% of axle load)
computed for
Expected
Fatigue Damage Expected Allowable Fatigue
Flex Stress MPa Stress Ratio (SR) Repetitions
(ni/Ni) Repetitions (ni) Repetitions (Ni) Damage (ni/Ni)
(ni)