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• In the US, NG serves 66.7 million houses, and 5.4 million business,
provides 3 millions employment (American Gas Association 2017)
• Malaysia is no. 29 in NG consumption (CIA 2014)
• Differences in NG behavior and technology compared to oil
WHAT DOES THE COURSE TELL YOU?
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME
Distribution of proved reserves in 1995, 2005, and 2015
Middle East
Europe
Asia Pacific
Africa
North US
S.&Cent. US
Flow-after-flow test
Orifice meter
Malaysia high NG
consumption after N.
America, Europe and
Australia
• As Fuel
• residential fuel
• in furnaces
• water heaters
• cooking stoves, and clothes dryers
1000 mD
Good
Reservoir
Rock
Average 10 mD
Reservoir
Rock
0.1 mD
Poor Reservoir Rock
Unconventional Gas
Tight Gas CBM
Shale Gas Gas Hydrates (Oil and Gas Blog 2017)
• Oil:
– Pollution problems
– Easy to transport
• NG:
– Cleaner
– Difficult to transport to the market in long distances
and large quantities (remote gas fields might be
uneconomic due to transport cost)
– Alternatives: Bring the market to the field (build a
factory at the site e.g. fertilizer plant), install an LNG
facility.
ASSOCIATED GAS VS NON-ASSOCIATED GAS
https://www.ihrdc.com/els/po-
demo/module01/mod_001_02.htm
ASSOCIATED GAS VS NON-ASSOCIATED GAS
(https://www.2b1stconsulting.com/associated-gas/)
ACTIVE LEARNING 2 - THINK PAIR SHARE