DESIGN EXAMPLE

Design the members of the following floor system for the given loading:
Dead load:
ceiling: 10psf
floor finishes: 2psf
HVAC: 8psf
partitions: 20psf
plus self weight
Live load: 100 psf

girders
slab

columns

3 @ 27’-0”

4 @ 27’-0”
lbf lbf
Define units: ksi := 1000⋅ psi kip := 1000⋅ lbf psf := pcf :=
2 3
ft ft
Span Length of girders: Lspan := 27⋅ ft

Loading:

wll := 100⋅ psf

wdl0 := 10⋅ psf + 2 ⋅ psf + 8 ⋅ psf + 20⋅ psf plus self weight wdl0 = 40 psf

3/5/2002 1
 Select material properties:

fy := 60⋅ ksi Yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement

ffc := 4000⋅ psi Nominal compressive strength of concrete

γ RC := 150⋅ pcf Weight density of normal-weight concrete

  ffc 
β 1 := if  ffc ≤ 4000⋅ psi , 0.85 , if  ffc < 8000⋅ psi , 1.05 − 0.05⋅ , 0.65   β 1 = 0.85
  1000⋅ psi 

A. SELECT BEAM LAYOUT

length
All of these are one-way slab systems, because ≥ 2
span
Lspan
Select the first layout, since it is the simplest.Thus: Lslab := Lslab = 13.5 ft
2
B. SLAB DESIGN
(1) selct slab depth, h. Use ACI Table 9.5 for deflection considerations during serviceability loads

Lslab
one end continuous: h slab.min :=
1 24
both ends continuous: Lslab  6.75 
h slab.min := h slab.min =   in
2 28  5.786 

max( h slab.min) = 6.75 in

Select: h slab := 7 ⋅ in
(2) Determine design loads
wslab := γ RC⋅ h slab wslab = 87.5 psf

wdl := wdl0 + wslab

wdl = 127.5 psf wll = 100 psf
wu := 1.4⋅ wdl + 1.7⋅ wll
wu = 348.5 psf

3/5/2002 2
 (3) Design Moments and Shears
Since the conditions of ACI 318-99 8.3.3 are met [(a) there are 2+ spans, (b) spans are approximately
equal, (c) loads are uniformly distributed, (d) unit live load does not exceed 3x the dead load and (e) members
are prismatic], there is no need to do a frame analysis with a series of load patterns. We can use the moment
coefficients given in ACI 318-99 section 8.3.

2
M u = α M⋅ wu⋅ Ln Ln is the clear span for positive moment, and the average of adjacent
clear spans for negative moment. (assume a beam width of 12 inch)
Ln := Lslab − 1 ⋅ ft
Ln = 12.5 ft

A B

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

αM 1/24 1/14 1/10 1/11 1/16 1/11 1/11

T
use vectors to combine procedures: α M := 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  Mu slab := α M⋅ wu⋅ Ln
2

 24 14 10 11 16 11 11 

(4) Design flexural reinforcement
ACI 318-99 7.7
T kip⋅ in
Mu slab = ( 27.2 46.7 65.3 59.4 40.8 59.4 59.4 )
ft
3 1
cover slab := ⋅ in db assumed := ⋅ in (assume #4 reinforcement)
4 2

effective depth of reinforcement

1
d slab := h slab − cover slab − ⋅ db assumed d slab = 6 in
2

design slab strip: b strip := 1 ⋅ ft Mu strip := Mu slab⋅ b strip

T
Mu strip = ( 27.2 46.7 65.3 59.4 40.8 59.4 59.4 ) kip⋅ in

2  fy 
Design for: M u < φ ⋅ M n = φ ⋅ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d ⋅ fy⋅  1 − 0.59⋅ ρ ⋅  solve for ρ for each value of M.u
 ffc 

You obtain a quadratic equation:
 .59⋅ φ ⋅ fy2⋅ b ⋅ d 2  2
 ⋅ ρ − ( φ ⋅ fy⋅ b ⋅ d ) ⋅ ρ + M u = 0
2 2
 A⋅ ρ + B⋅ ρ + M u = 0
 fc 

Strength-reduction factor for flexure, ACI 318-99 9.3.2.1 φ M := 0.9

2 2         →
.59⋅ φ M⋅ fy ⋅ b strip⋅ d slab 2
A := B := −φ M⋅ fy⋅ b strip⋅ d slab
2 −B − B − 4 ⋅ A⋅ Mu strip
ffc ρ slabM :=
2⋅ A

Longitudinal reinforcement ratio required for bending:

T
ρ slabM = ( 0.118 0.204 0.287 0.261 0.178 0.261 0.261 ) %

3/5/2002 3
 Convert ratio to steel area per unit width:
2
T in
As slab := ρ slabM⋅ d slab As slab = ( 0.085 0.147 0.207 0.188 0.128 0.188 0.188 )
ft
2
Use #4 reinforcement Ab slab := 0.196⋅ in

As  →
bar Ab slab
Spacing of reinforcement s= sslabM :=
As As slab
ft
T
sslabM = ( 27.7 16 11.4 12.5 18.4 12.5 12.5 ) in

Spacing limits for reinforcement (ACI 318-99 7.6.5)

 3 ⋅ h slab   21 
sslab.max :=   sslab.max =   in
 18⋅ in   18 

(5) Temperature & Shrinkage (ACI 318-99 7.12.2.1), note that here ρ is defined by the slab thickness, not d
this may control some cases.
2
in
ρ TS := 0.0018 As TS := ρ TS ⋅ h slab As TS = 0.151
ft
As  →
bar Ab slab
s= sTS := sTS = 15.6 in
As As TS
ft

ipoint := 1 .. rows( α M)
Temperature & Shrinkage: Use No.4 @ 16inch O.C.

  min( sslab.max)  
Combine all spacing requirements: smax := min   smax = 15.6 in
 sTS 

  smax  
sslab 
:= min

ipoint   sslabM 
 ipoint  

T
Minimum spacing of #4: sslab = ( 15.6 15.6 11.4 12.5 15.6 12.5 12.5 ) in

Select spacing of #4 in slab: sslab := ( 16 16 11 12 16 12 12 ) ⋅ in

#4 @ 16”OC
#4 @ 12”OC
A #4 @ 16”OC B
7”

#4 @ 16”OC #4 @ 16”OC #4 @ 16”OC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

3/5/2002 4
 (6) Check Cracking
kip
fs := 0.6⋅ fy d c := 1 ⋅ in A := 2 ⋅ in⋅ 16⋅ in Zlimit := 155⋅
in
1
kip
z := fs⋅ ( d c⋅ A)
3
z = 114 z = 0.737 Zlimit
in

(7) Check Shear in slab:

Since the conditions of ACI 318-99 8.3.3 are met [(a) there are 2+ spans, (b) spans are approximately equal, (c)
loads are uniformly distributed, (d) unit live load does not exceed 3x the dead load and (e) members are
prismatic], there is no need to do a frame analysis with a series of load patterns. We can use the moment
coefficients given in ACI 318-99 section 8.3.
Also ACI 318-99 11.5.5.1 states taht slabs are excepted from the requirement of providing a nominal amount of
shear reinforcement at Vu>φVc/2. Therefore, if Vu<φVc, we do not need to provide a shear reinforcement. We
want to make sure that this holds throughout the slab because we do not want to place shear reinforcement in
the slab.

A B

1 2 3 4 5

αV 1/2 1.15/2 1/2 1/2 1/2

T
1
α V := 
1.15 1 1 1 
Vuslab := α V⋅ ( wu⋅ Ln)
T
Vuslab = ( 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 )
kip

2 2 2 2 2  ft
T
Design slab strip: Vustrip := Vuslab⋅ b strip Vustrip = ( 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 ) kip

Calculate shear strength of concrete:

Vc := 2 ⋅ ffc⋅ psi ⋅ b strip⋅ d slab Vc = 9.1 kip

T
Vustrip = ( 0.239 0.275 0.239 0.239 0.239 ) Vc OK.

The concrete can resist the shear without shear reinforcement in the slab itself.
NOTE: There is no minimum shear reinforceement required for slabs (ACI 318-99 11.5.5.1)

B. BEAM DESIGN
(1) Estimate beam size, from ACI Table 9.5a
Assume a girder width of 1.5ft b girder := 1.5⋅ ft

Beam length: Lbeam := Lspan − b girder

Lbeam = 25.5 ft
Lbeam
one end continuous: h beam.min :=
1 18.5
both ends continuous: Lbeam
h beam.min :=  16.5 
2 21 h beam.min =   in
 14.6 

max( h beam.min) = 16.541 in Select: h beam := 18⋅ in

3/5/2002 5
 (2) Determine Design Loads:
Lslab = 13.5 ft
self weight of slab: wslab = 87.5 psf

dead load: wdl0 = 40 psf

lbf
combine these area-distributed loads: wdl1 := ( wslab + wdl0) ⋅ Lslab wdl1 = 1721
ft

Estimate beam width: b beam := 12⋅ in

lbf
weight of beam below slab: wdl2 := ( h beam − h slab) ⋅ b beam⋅ γ RC wdl2 = 137.5
ft

lbf
Total dead load: wbeam.dl := wdl1 + wdl2 wbeam.dl = 1859
ft

lbf
Live load: wbeam.ll := wll⋅ Lslab wbeam.ll = 1350
ft

kip
Load combination: wu := 1.4⋅ wbeam.dl + 1.7⋅ wbeam.ll wu = 4.9
ft

(3) Design Moments

Since the conditions of ACI 318-99 8.3.3 are met [(a) there are 2+ spans, (b) spans are approximately
equal, (c) loads are uniformly distributed, (d) unit live load does not exceed 3x the dead load and (e) members
are prismatic], there is no need to do a frame analysis with a series of load patterns. We can use the moment
coefficients given in ACI 318-99 section 8.3.

2
M u = α M⋅ wu⋅ Ln L.n is the clear span for positive moment, and the average of adjacent
clear spans for negative moment. (assume a beam width of 12 inch)

Please note that the beams framing into the columns may be part of the lateral-force-resisting system and will
have to be designed accordingly (..... later.....).

Moment Coefficients:

1 2 3 4 5
αM
A: 1/24 1/14 1/10 1/11 1/16 1/11 1/10 1/14 1/24
B: 1/16 1/16

A: if beam is supported by girder

B: if column adjacent
T
use vectors to combine procedures:  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
α M :=  Mu beam := α M⋅ wu⋅ Lbeam
2

 24 14 10 11 16 11 11 

T
Mu beam = ( 1592 2730 3821 3474 2388 3474 3474 ) kip⋅ in

At this point we must deal with positive and negative moment conditions separately since we have T beams that
have a different width of the compression zone, depending on the moment direction.

3/5/2002 6
 (4) Design flexural reinforcement
Check minimum and maximum requirements on beam longitudinal reinforcement:

ffc  87000⋅ psi 

Balanced steel ratio: ρ b := 0.85⋅ β 1⋅ ⋅  ρ b = 2.85 %
fy  87000⋅ psi + fy 

ACI 318-99 10.3.3: ρ max := 0.75⋅ ρ b ρ max = 2.14 %

Start with an initial value for the longitudinal steel ratio of 1/2 of the maximum value prescribed by the
balanced point. This is for ease of placement, crack control, and ductility
ρ max
= 1.069 % select: ρ beam := 1 ⋅ %
2

(a) Design top steel (negative moment) in center span. Moment at point 3 controls since we want the
same amount of longitudinal reinforcement on either side of the "support"

1 2
Mu neg := ⋅ wu⋅ Lbeam Mu neg = 3821 kip⋅ in
10

we have ρ, we want to solve for b and

2  fy 
Design for: M u < φ ⋅ M n = φ ⋅ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d ⋅ fy⋅  1 − 0.59⋅ ρ ⋅  d.
 ffc 

2 Mu neg
b⋅ d = bd2 :=
 fy 
φ M⋅ ρ beam⋅ fy⋅  1 − 0.59⋅ ρ beam⋅ 
 ffc 

3
bd2 = 7764 in
bd2 h beam = 18 in
select b and solve for d: d=
b

bd2
b beam := 12⋅ in = 25.4 in make h=24" and check
b beam

bd2 not very slender beam

b beam := 16⋅ in = 22 in
b beam

let's increase the beam depth h, we can recalculate ρ from the required moment strength,since what
we had was really just an initial estimate. and the new sizes are nice:
b beam := 12⋅ in h beam := 24⋅ in

kip
Here we should recalcuate the dl weight of the beam: originally we had: wu = 4.9
ft

combined dead loads and self weight of slab: lbf

wdl1 = 1721
ft
we keep the same beam width:
b beam = 12 in

3/5/2002 7
 lbf
new weight of beam below slab: wdl2 := ( h beam − h slab) ⋅ b beam⋅ γ RC wdl2 = 212.5
ft

lbf
Total dead load: wbeam.dl := wdl1 + wdl2 wbeam.dl = 1934
ft

lbf
Live load: wbeam.ll = 1350
ft

kip
Load combination: wu := 1.4⋅ wbeam.dl + 1.7⋅ wbeam.ll wu = 5
ft

The change in the distributed load is not significant, we can move on without recalculating the Mu's.

Calculate effective beam depth:

ACI 318-99 7.7: assume bar diameters:
1
cover := 1.5⋅ in db tie := ⋅ in db gird := 1 ⋅ in db beam := 1 ⋅ in
2
db beam
d beam := h beam − cover − db tie − db gird − d beam = 20.5 in
2

The girder beam is more heavily loaded, so it is expected to have more reinforcement, maybe
2 layers.

Recalculate longitudinal steel ratio required for bending using the assumed sizes:

2  fy 
Solve: Mu = φ ⋅ fy⋅ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d ⋅  1 − 0.59⋅ ρ ⋅  for the longitudinal steel ratio ρ
 fc 

2 2
.59⋅ φ ⋅ fy ⋅ b ⋅ d
You obtain a quadratic equation:
2
( 2
)
⋅ ρ − φ ⋅ fy⋅ b ⋅ d ⋅ ρ + M u = 0
φ M = 0.9
fc

2 2
2 .59⋅ φ M⋅ fy ⋅ b beam⋅ d beam 2
A⋅ ρ + B⋅ ρ + M u = 0 A := B := −φ M⋅ fy⋅ b beam⋅ d beam
ffc

2
Initial estimate:
−B − B − 4 ⋅ A⋅ Mu neg
ρ beamM := ρ beamM = 1.642 % ρ beam = 1 % ρ max = 2.138 %
2⋅ A

Convert steel ratio to steel area:

2
b w := b beam As beamM := ρ beamM⋅ b w⋅ d beam As beamM = 4.039 in

Minimum reinforcement of flexural members (ACI 318-99 10.5.1)

ffc⋅ psi d beam  0.778  2

As min0 := 3 ⋅ ⋅ b w⋅ d beam As min0 := 200⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ As min0 =   in
1 fy 2 fy  0.82 

As min := min( As min0)

2
As min = 0.778 in

Flexural requirements control: Select 5#8 bars for beam negative reinforcement (top reinforcement)
2 2
Ab neg := 0.785⋅ in As neg := 5 ⋅ Ab neg As neg = 3.925 in As neg = 5.046 As min

3/5/2002 8
 Please note that ACI 318-99 10.6.6 (refers to section 8.10) requires that some of this reinforcement be distributed
over the effective flange with or span/10
h f := h slab h f = 7 in flange thickness
spacing := Lslab spacing = 13.5 ft

effective flange width, used also later:

ACI 318-99 8.10
 b w + 16⋅ h f 
   124 
bf limits :=  Lbeam 
b f := min( bf limits) bf limits  
= 76.5 in b f = 76.5 in
 4   
   162 
 spacing 
ACI 318-99 10.6.6:
  bf  
 
extend := min  Lbeam   extend = 30.6 in
  10  
 

(b) Design bottom steel (positive moment) in center span.

1 2
Mu pos := ⋅ wu⋅ Lbeam Mu pos = 2440 kip⋅ in
16
we use the same beam sizes as above: b beam = 12 in h beam = 24 in

depth of beam longitudinal reinforcement, no need to subtract for girder steel:

db beam
d beam := h beam − cover − db tie − db gird⋅ 0 − d beam = 21.5 in
2

For positive moment, the compression zone is at the top. The presence of the slab integral with the beam makes it
a T-beam. we have to find out whether the effective compression zone β1 c reaches into the beam web.

1. assume NA is in slab, β1 c<h slab, use bf from above.

b f = 76.5 in
Calculate longitudinal steel ratio required for bending using the assumed sizes:

2  fy 
Solve: Mu = φ ⋅ fy⋅ ρ ⋅ b f ⋅ d ⋅  1 − 0.59⋅ ρ ⋅  for the longitudinal steel ratio ρ
 fc 

φ M = 0.9 Strength-reduction factor for bending

2 2
.59⋅ φ ⋅ fy ⋅ b f ⋅ d
You obtain a quadratic equation:
2
( 2
)
⋅ ρ − φ ⋅ fy⋅ b f ⋅ d ⋅ ρ + M u = 0
fc

2 2
2 .59⋅ φ M⋅ fy ⋅ b f ⋅ d beam 2
A⋅ ρ + B⋅ ρ + M u = 0 A := B := −φ M⋅ fy⋅ b f ⋅ d beam
ffc

2
−B − B − 4 ⋅ A⋅ Mu pos
ρ beamM := ρ beamM = 0.129 %
2⋅ A

3/5/2002 9
 Maximum limit on longitudinal-reinforcement ratio:
ρ max = 2.138 % ρ beamM = 0.06 ρ max

Convert longitudinal steel ratio required for flexure to area of reinforcement

2
As beamM := ρ beamM⋅ b f ⋅ d beam As beamM = 2.126 in

Minimum reinforcement of flexural members (ACI 318-99 10.5.1)

ffc⋅ psi
d beam  0.778  2
As min0 := 200⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ As min0 =   in
As min0 := 3 ⋅ ⋅ b w⋅ d beam 2 fy  0.86 
1 fy

As min := min( As min0)

2
As min = 0.816 in

Flexure controls: Select 5 #6 bars for beam positive reinforcement

2 2
Ab pos := 0.44⋅ in As pos := 5 ⋅ Ab pos As pos = 2.2 in As pos = 2.697 As min

6
db pos := ⋅ in
8
b w − 2 ⋅ cover − 5 ⋅ db pos
Will the bars fit: clearspacing := clearspacing = 5.25 in
5−4

check that NA is in slab: h slab = 7 in

As pos⋅ fy
a := a = 0.507 in a = 0.072 h slab yes.
0.85⋅ ffc⋅ b f

Please note, there is no need to check whether the steel yields since we have chosen ρ less than ρ balanced.

(c) Shear in Center Span of Beam

1 2 3
αV
1/2 1.15/2 1/2 1/2 1.15/2 1/2

kip
1 Lbeam = 25.5 ft wu = 5
α V := ft
2

Vubeam := α V⋅ ( wu⋅ Lbeam) Vubeam = 63.8 kip

3/5/2002 10
 Accoring to ACI 318-99 11.1.3.1, sections located less than a distance d from face of support shall be permitted
to be designed for the same shar Vu as that computed at a distance d.

Shear Force Diagram

From symmetry, we need only design 1/2 the span

Shear at the section d away from support

Vumax := Vubeam − wu⋅ d beam Vumax = 54.8 kip

Calculate shear strength of concrete: b w = 12 in d beam = 21.5 in

Vc := 2 ⋅ ffc⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ d beam Vc = 32.6 kip

Strength reduction factor for shear (ACI 318-99 9.3.2.3): φ V := 0.85

Check maximum shear stress and compare it to Vc Vumax = 1.976 φ V⋅ Vc

Since Vu.max> φvVc, we need to provide shear reinforcement. Strength required for shear reinforcement:

Vumax
− Vc = 1.952 ffc⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ d beam
φV

Divide the half span into three regions:

1. region where Vu<φ1/2 Vc, no stirrups needed (midspan)
2. region where Vu<φ(Vc+Vs) where Vs is provided by required minimum reinforcement
3. region to the support
1.
Vc
Vu1 := φ V⋅ Vu1 = 13.9 kip Lbeam = 25.5 ft
2

Vu1 Lbeam
Lregion1o := ⋅ Lregion1o = 2.8 ft from midspan
Vubeam 2
Lbeam
Lreagion1 := − Lregion1o Lreagion1 = 9.977 ft from support
2. 2
Minimum reinforcement is given by ACI 318-99 11.5.5
s
Av min = 50⋅ b w⋅
fy

3/5/2002 11
 And there are maximum requirements for s (ACI 318-99 11.5.4):

d beam
smax1 := smax1 = 10.7 in
2

  smax1  
smax2 := 24⋅ in smax := min   smax = 10.7 in
  smax2  

Using the maximum spacing, we can determine the minimum area of shear reinforcement:

smax 2
Av min := 50⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ Av min = 0.107 in
fy

Select #3 stirrups at 10"OC:

2 2
Ab v := 0.11⋅ in Av region2 := 2 ⋅ Ab v Av region2 = 0.22 in
sregion2 := 10⋅ in

Shear strength provided by stirrups in region 2:

Av region2⋅ fy⋅ d beam

Vsregion2 := Vsregion2 = 28.38 kip
sregion2

Vuregion2 := φ V⋅ ( Vc + Vsregion2)
Vuregion2 = 51.863 kip

Vuregion2 = 0.946 Vumax

Since Vu.region2 is so close to Vumax, use reinforcement specified for Vumax in regions 2 and 3:

Vumax
Vsregion23 := − Vc Vsregion23 = 31.9 kip
φV

Vsregion23
= 0.488 since this is less than one, we are limited by the
4 ⋅ ffc⋅ psi ⋅ b w⋅ d beam minimum spacing of d/2

Select # 3 stirrups for both regions 2 & 3 and find required spacing:

2 2
Ab v := 0.11⋅ in Av region23 := 2 ⋅ Ab v Av region23 = 0.22 in

Av region23⋅ fy⋅ d beam

sregion23 := sregion23 = 8.9 in
Vsregion23

Select #3 stirrups at 8" OC for region from support to 10' from support.

3/5/2002 12
 (d) design longitudinal-reinforcement cutoff for span 2-3 (ACI 318-99 12.11 - 12.13)
(1) TOP STEEL (negative-moment reinforcement)(12.12):
must run 1/3 of steel to point of inflection plus greater of : Lspan = 27 ft

  d beam   Lbeam = 25.5 ft

 d beam   
   21.5  12⋅ db beam  
 
 12⋅ db beam  =  12  in max = 21.5 in
 L 
 L    beam
beam  
   19.125   16 
 16 
Use the figures in the Appendix A of MacGregor (Figure A-1) to find point of inflection (pi):

Lpi := 0.24⋅ Lbeam Lpi = 73 in from support

  d beam  
Cut-off point:  
  12⋅ db beam  
Lcutoff := Lpi + max Lcutoff = 94.9 in from support
 L 
beam
  Lcutoff = 7.912 ft
 16 
Development length of the #8 top reinforcement::
α := 1.3 top reinfocement (d>12")
β := 1 no epoxy coating fy⋅ α ⋅ β ⋅ λ
λ := 1 NWC Ld := ⋅ db beam
20⋅ ffc⋅ psi Ld = 61.7 db beam

Ld = 61.7 in
Check that the cutoff length is greater than the development length: Lcutoff = 1.54 Ld
Terminate all reinforcement at 8'-0" from support.
Note, since we are terminating the reinforcement beyond the point of inflection, we are not terminating it
in a tension zone, so ACI 318-99 12.10.5 does not apply, and we don't have to provide additional stirrups
at the cutoff.

(2) BOTTOM STEEL (positive-moment reinforcement)(12.11):

must run 1/4 of steel into the support. In these beams, it must extend into the support at least 6 inches.
We have 5 #6 bars. Since we need at least two bars, we shall extend those into the support and cut 3#6.

Calculate strength provided by2 #6 bars:

 1  ( 5 ⋅ Ab pos) ⋅ fy  
M 5bars := ( 5 ⋅ Ab pos) ⋅ fy⋅  d beam − ⋅   M 5bars = 2805 kip⋅ in
 2  0.85⋅ ffc⋅ b f  

 1  ( 2 ⋅ Ab pos) ⋅ fy  
M 2bars := ( 2 ⋅ Ab pos) ⋅ fy⋅  d beam − ⋅   M 2bars = 1130 kip⋅ in
 2  0.85⋅ ffc⋅ b f  

M 2bars = 0.403 M 5bars

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 Using figure A-1 in MacGregor, find theoretical point where reinforcement is no longer required for flexure:

Lflex := 0.225⋅ Lbeam Lflex = 68.9 in from support

  d beam  
Must run bars an additional d or 12db Lcut := Lflex − max   Lcut = 47.4 in from support
away from point of maximum moment   12⋅ db pos  
Lcut = 3.9 ft
(we subtract since the maximum
moment is at midspan)

Development length of the #6: db beam = 1 in

α := 1 top reinfocement (d>12")
β := 1 no epoxy coating fy⋅ α ⋅ β ⋅ λ
λ := 1 NWC Ld := ⋅ db pos
25⋅ ffc⋅ psi Ld = 37.9 db pos

Ld = 28.5 in from midspan

Measure development length from support:
Lbeam
Ldevelop := − Ld Ldevelop = 124.5 in Lcut = 0.38 Ldevelop
2
The cutoff development length controls:
Cut 3#6 bars at 4' from support.
ACI 318-99 12.11.3, check adequacy of reinforcement at point of inflection
From figure A-1, the point of inflection is located at:

Lpi := 0.146⋅ Lbeam Lpi = 44.7 in

Mn   d beam  
check: Ld < + La La := max   La = 21.5 in
Vu   12⋅ db pos  

 Lbeam 
Mn := M 2bars Mn = 1130 kip⋅ in Vu := wu⋅  − Lpi  Vu = 45.2 kip
 2 
Mn
+ La = 1.635 Ld
Vu okey

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