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8 EDITORIAL NOIDA/DELHI
Listen to these four girls
The tragic suicide of students in Panapakkam in Tamil Nadu points to the crisis that grips India’s education system
ference for camaraderie in taking er is often perceived as an
Testing times a decision.
As a nation, our record of deal
investment towards her marriage.
The fear of being viewed as a poor
Structural reforms alone oer a viable ing with adolescents is rather performer at school adds to the
poor. To be an adolescent means stress at home. Teachers usually
longterm solution to the bad loans mess that you don’t feel comfortable have scant awareness of a stu
Krishna Kumar
with what all is going on around dent’s state of mind. When they
T
he Central government has been working hard to
you, but older people don’t nd it ask students to bring parents to
P
anapakkam is a rural town in easy to deal with you. This is part school, they assume this will
it hasn’t had much to show in the form of results.
Tamil Nadu’s Vellore district. ly because adolescent behaviour is create additional pressure to en
The Financial Stability Report released by the Reserve Last month, it was in the often prickly and petulant. The courage harder work. This simplis
Bank of India, for one, suggests that India is still far news when four adolescent girls larger reason, however, is that tic logic carries great risk, as the
away from solving the troubles ailing its banks and large disappeared from their school, adolescents live in an ideal world Panapakkam incident shows.
business corporations. According to the report released leaving their bags behind. Their and measure everyone, including
last week, gross nonperforming assets (NPAs) in the shoes were later found beside a parents and teachers, by their uto Assessing the Boards
banking system as a whole rose to 10.2% at the end of sizeable well into which they had pian standards. This is not merely The state of education being what
apparently jumped in order to end an emotional response to an im clared either ‘pass’ or ‘fail’. Social girls who chose to end their lives it is at present, it is unlikely that
September, from 9.6% at the end of March. This, ac
their lives. They were students of perfect world; it is also proof of history is rife with instances of un were studying in Class XI. We do the voices drowned in the well at
cording to a research report released by CARE Ratings, Class XI. This is precisely the grade their fully developed logical ca warranted failure and opprobrium not know how they individually Panapakkam will be heard, but an
puts India fth among signicant economies with the level at which a vast number of In pacity. By defying the adults sur of family seniors. came to choose the subjects to stu eort must be made to do so.
most NPAs. The RBI stated further that it expects NPAs dia’s adolescents feel seriously un rounding them, adolescents deve The matriculation examination dy in this fateful class. For a vast Boards responsible for the exami
to continue to rise to as high as 11.1% of total outstand happy and resentful. If you consult lop their own identity as is part of family lore in every part majority of students moving into nation industry must realise that
ing loans by September 2018, so the end to the bad a typical textbook on adolescent individuals. This is not easy, so of India. Fear of failing in it and Class XI, the choice of elective sub that it is no longer useful to install
loans mess seems nowhere near. The bad loans pro psychology, you will nd such they depend on their peers to plan thereby closing all doors to a jects is made by their parents or helplines to provide justintime
emotions to be common. The text and decide. Their private fantasies worthwhile future gures in many senior siblings and teachers. Sub advice for a 16yearold in despair.
blem has also not spared private sector banks – these
will probably dwell on identity, are mostly benign and transforma autobiographies written during jects are seen as tickets to the fu The entire Board examination sys
lenders have seen their asset quality deteriorate at a fas selfworth and petulance. Teach tive. We can say that adolescent the colonial period. Examination ture. Some are regarded as solid tem and the culture associated
ter pace than public sector banks. Private bank NPAs in ers are taught about these com dreams represent a nation’s mania is instilled into the young tickets for a coveted future while with it constitute an endemic
creased by almost 41%, as compared to 17% in the case mon symptoms, and those who wealth. In India, this wealth is mind from the start of primary others are seen as bogus tickets, problem.
of public sector banks at the end of September. Non learn them well enough to discuss mostly burnt up in preparation for schooling. Popular understanding carrying the risk of lifelong stag Plenty of ideas for reforming
banking nancial companies that compete against them correctly get through their examinations. of education, which is widely nation. These are, of course, stere the Boards and the examination
banks also saw a jump in NPAs. There are, however, B.Ed. (Bachelor of Education) ex Ignoring or oppressing adoles shared in political and ocial cir otypes, but they persist as curren system they govern have been gi
amination without much cram cents is not uncommon in other cles, equates learning with perfor cy of practical wisdom in a blind ven over the years. Some of these
some signs of hope as credit growth has begun to turn
ming. When they become teach countries, but India’s case is some mance on tests. The nationwide market controlled by Boards. No ideas have been put into practice
the corner and shown faster growth on a yearonyear ers, they soon realise that passing what extreme. Over more than a industry that specialises in oer principal, teacher or parent dares here and there, as isolated steps
basis when compared to March. the B.Ed. examination is a lot ea century, our system of schooling ing help in passing examinations to demand openness from a Board lacking a wider frame of reference
Reforms undertaken until now though may not be sier than dealing with real adoles has honed its tools to oppress and and entrance tests makes no dis about its procedures. A tight cover to curricular reform. The National
good enough to tackle the problem. The resolution of cents — boys or girls. defeat the adolescent. The tool tinction between cramming, of condentiality is maintained to Curriculum Framework, 2005 in
bankruptcy cases, particularly against large borrowers used to subdue the rebellious ado cheating and learning. The Class X conceal the abysmal quality of the sisted on coherence between re
that contribute a major share of bank NPAs, under the A poor record lescent mind is the Board exami examination continues to ‘fail’ mil marking system, question papers forms in curriculum, examina
The Panapakkam girls are report nation. The term ‘board’ has ac lions every summer. and the evaluation process. tions and teacher training. This
new Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code should help
ed to have been scolded by a quired connotations of terror for In the case of girls, schoolrelat perspective continues to pose a
bring the NPA situation under some control. In fact, teacher for their poor academic the young on account of the dark The Class XI hurdle ed anxieties get compounded by challenge to an institutional struc
despite its many imperfections and the slow pace of re performance and told to call their ness into which it pushes them be If an adolescent successfully sur older, entrenched anxieties asso ture marked by rivalry and turf
solutions by the National Company Law Tribunal, the parents. The girls decided to avoid fore some are let back out into nor vives the Class X examination, his ciated with gendering. Family and wars.
Code can be helpful in cleaning up bank books in future that ordeal and embraced death mal light and further education. or her ordeal enters a more com kinship fuel the apprehensions
credit cycles. The recapitalisation of public sector instead, thereby displaying anoth Boards of examinations maintain a plicated phase, involving choice of that girls internalise early child
banks too can help increase the capital cushion of er familiar characteristic of the tight secrecy over how a young subjects for the higher secondary hood onwards about their matri Krishna Kumar is former director of
banks and induce them to lend more and boost eco adolescent mind, namely, its pre student will be marked and de examination. The Panapakkam monial future. Educating a daught NCERT
nomic activity. But bad debt resolution and recapitali
Unmindful of history
sation are only part of the solution as they, by them
selves, can do very little to rein in reckless lending that
has pushed the Indian banking system to its current sor
ry state. Unless there are systemic reforms that address
the problem of unsustainable lending, future credit cy A proposed memorial to a Meitei king could send the wrong signal in Manipur
cles will continue to stress the banking system. In this
regard, the government will do well to consider the re ment) Bill — which upset the tri state has given protection to the with the Zo people along the India
bals and led to violent protests. site in Chivu where the inscription Myanmar border, invoking his
cent advice of the International Monetary Fund to re #4 1 3 9 7 5
T
he disclosure in Parliament that the Centre is not
ready with the rules to implement the Compen led the Bharatiya Janata Party away from Behiang. by Major General Nuthall, the then M.C. Joshi in 1993 (p.120). Rumblings in the various local
(BJP) to capture power in the State. Intended to commemorate the ociating Political Agent of Mani social media indicate that the issue
satory Aorestation Fund Act, 2016 demon
valour of 94odd Zou martyrs who pur, as a part of the Cachar Murmurs of protest will not disappear any time soon.
strates that the government’s resolve to meet a variety The tribal issue sacriced their lives ghting column. Possibly mindful of the past which If Mr. Singh genuinely believes in
of environmental objectives, including major commit Given that the BJP won only 21 against the British attempt to forci In a distortion of historical continues to inform hillsvalley re Chingtam Amani (hillvalley are
ments under the Paris Agreement on climate change seats against the 28 seats won by bly deploy them as labour corps facts, the Chibu Stone Inscription, lations in Manipur, neither the one), he will need to respect and
and the Sustainable Development Goals, remains woe the Congress in the 60member during World War I, the memorial subsequently commissioned by State nor the ASI has ever attempt honour the Zo people in particular
fully weak. It is, of course, debatable whether the Act, Assembly in the 2017 elections, was intended to symbolise the in Chandrakirti, commemorates the ed to invoke the name of Maharaja and the hill tribal people in gener
with the disbursal mechanism through national and Mr. Singh has to make a special ef dependence and lordship of the successful completion of the Brit Chandrakirti. In his attempt to de al both in words and deed. The big
fort to maintain a stable coalition Zo people over their land. On the ish expedition as if it was a victory velop the site into a tourism park question is whether Mr. Singh can
State funds that it mandates, is a sound remedy for loss
government of 21 BJP, four Naga other hand, Chivu and the name of of the Maharaja over the tribals. as part of the larger exercise to de navigate his politics in ways which
of rich forests that continues to occur because of deve land People’s Front, four National Maharaja Chandrakirti Singh Interestingly, the three stone slabs velop Behiang and Chivu as the would be capacious enough to
lopmental and biotic pressures. The evidence on com People’s Party and one Lok Jan evoked a sense of betrayal of trust (each edifying the Maharaja, Nuth “second gateway to Southeast transcend mere symbolism and
pensatory aorestation in a big project such as the Sar shakti Party MLAs. He has to tread among the local people. This is be all and the two Meitei majors) are Asia” under India’s Look East Poli genuinely accommodate tribal
dar Sarovar Dam, for instance, is not encouraging. cautiously as he inherited a trou cause one of their powerful chiefs, being used as a marker of the Mah cy, Mr. Singh not only ignores this icons, sensitivity and autonomy
About 13,000 hectares were compensated there, but blesome legacy from his predeces Go Khaw Thang, died in 1872 in jail araja’s, and by extension, Mani historical fact but also panders to aspirations or whether he will be
only with patchy outcomes: healthy monoculture plan sor, Ibobi Singh, whose govern after he was ‘treacherously seized’ pur’s border. This amounts to ov majoritarian nationalism. In the increasingly integrative/assimila
ment passed three controversial — to borrow words from Brigadier erstretching the imagination as no process he opens up an old wound tionist by embarking upon a ma
tations having low biodiversity value came up in some
bills in August 2015 — the Protec General Bourchier, commander of Meitei king ever succeeded in ex and hurts the sentiments of the Zo joritarian path. Time will tell.
places, while others resulted in unhealthy plantations tion of Manipur People Bill, the the Cachar Column of the Lushai tending their border and control people.
with few trees. Be that as it may, diversion of forests for Manipur Land Revenue and Land Expedition (18711872) — on March over the ‘ferocious’ and ‘indepen Given that Chandrakirti was not
nonforest use seems inevitable to some degree, and Reforms (Seventh Amendment) 7, 1872 at Chivu camp by Chandra dent’ tribes beyond Moirang town, particularly known for his success Kham Khan Suan Hausing is professor,
the accumulation of about 40,000 crore in compensa Bill, and the Manipur Shops and kirti’s soldiers led by Majors Than a fact supported by all colonial and ful military exploits, but for his co department of political science, University
tory funds clearly points to signicant annexation of im Establishments (Second Amend gal and K. Balaram Singh. The local oral historical accounts. The wardice and treachery in dealing of Hyderabad
portant habitats. The task is to make an assessment of
suitable lands, preferably contiguous with protected
areas that can be turned over for management to a joint LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters emailed to letters@thehindu.co.in must carry the full postal address and the full name or the name with initials.
apparatus consisting of forest department sta and
scientic experts. Deteriorating ties ornaments like the and Pakistan, instead of parties to hurl allegations at confusion prevailing in one part of the country
Putting in place a scientic national plan to expand The accusations of Pakistan mangalsutra are removed. getting agitated over the each other during an Tamil Nadu, people expect alone (“Through the smog
good green cover is essential, since the sequestration of being a sponsor of So, what is the fuss about? treatment to Kulbhushan election campaign (“BJP, the DMK to play an screen”, Dec. 28). The
terrorism have increased of The electronic media is Jadhav’s family, India Congress end stalemate”, important role as a lackadaisical approach to
carbon through sustainably managed forests is a key
late (“Unseemly spat”, Dec. only further spoiling Mr. should have taken solace in Dec. 8). But personal constructive Opposition initiating as well as
component of the commitment made under the Paris 28). Kulbhushan Jadhav’s Jadhav’s chances of being the fact that Pakistan rivalries and group factions party. It is time for the eectively implementing
Agreement. There is already a Green India Mission, case gives Pakistan an let o. allowed his family to meet have no role when leaders of the DMK to keep already existing solutions
which is distinct from the framework envisaged for opportunity to project itself T. Anand Raj, him. While I agree that the parliamentarians assemble aside their selsh interests and instead pass on the
compensatory aorestation. What the Centre needs to of being innocent and a Chennai family’s visit should have in Parliament. Otherwise, it and work in a responsible buck is worsening the
do is to enable independent audit of all connected pro victim of counterterrorism. been handled better by would cause much chaos manner for the party’s situation. While the public
grammes, in order to sensibly deploy the nancial re The humanitarian drama in Pakistan has stooped to a Pakistan, India’s quick and stall progress in the good and for the welfare of blames farmers for burning
sources now available. It must be emphasised, howev Islamabad was perhaps new low by conscating the reaction was to nitpick House. When the country is the State. paddy stubble in Haryana
done to augment this belief. shoes worn by Kulbhushan rather than be content that facing many problems both D. Sethuraman, and Punjab, they out rules
er, that replacing a natural forest with a plantation does
Undoubtedly, rejecting Jadhav’s wife and sending a reunion was arranged. It internally and externally, Chennai and judicial orders happily,
not really serve the cause of nature, wildlife, or the for India’s demand of a family them for forensic tests was indeed a avoiding such a stalemate is as we saw during Diwali.
estdwelling communities who depend on it, because of reunion would have (“Shoes of Jadhav’s wife “humanitarian gesture” by praiseworthy. Bad air has no borders There is need for all of us to
the sheer loss of biodiversity. Yet, there is immense po aected Pakistan’s case sent for tests”, Dec. 28). Pakistan to allow citizens of A.J. Rangarajanm, The problem of pollution is introspect. Naming and
tential to augment the services of forests through a adversely in the Pakistan’s claim that the a nation with which is has a Chennai a point of immediate blaming is a futile exercise.
careful choice of plants and trees under the aoresta International Court of shoes were conscated on complicated relationship to concern not only for Atin Sharma,
Justice. the grounds of security is visit a prisoner on their soil. Picking up the pieces Delhiites but for every Jammu
tion programme. All this can make a beginning only
Shivam Koushal, hilarious. Its intimidating Pakistan has scored some At a time when the DMK is citizen of India as pollution more letters online:
with the actualisation of the law passed in 2016. It is Jammu www.hindu.com/opinion/letters/
tactics have been exposed, brownie points by still recovering from a huge does not restrict itself to
worth pointing out that the method used to calculate and New Delhi would do responding to its defeat in the R.K. Nagar
the net present value of forests, taking into account all The media in both India well to convey its neighbour’s request; India byelection, it is corrections & clarifications: Former naval ocer Kulb
ecosystem services they provide, is far from perfect, as and Pakistan is needlessly displeasure over the Jadhav has come out of this unfortunate that M.K. hushan Jadhav met his mother and wife in Islamabad and not his
many scientists point out. Some of the momentum for giving too much attention incident through episode as the complaining Alagiri is insulting M.K. mother and sister as mentioned in the report, “Jadhav’s family har
to what is an ordinary diplomatic channels. one. Stalin (“Alagiri snipes at assed: India” (Some editions, Dec. 27, 2017).
compensatory aorestation has come from judicial di
rectives, but now that there is a new law in place, it event. All that the Indian N.J. Ravi Chander, R. Prabhu Raj, Stalin, says DMK won win It is the policy of The Hindu to correct signicant errors as soon as possible. Please specify
Bengaluru the edition (place of publication), date and page. The Readers’ Editor’s office can be
media wanted to do was Bengaluru under him”, Dec. 28). The
should be given a foundation of rules that rest on scien contacted by Telephone: +91-44-28418297/28576300 (11 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday to
pick holes in the treatment comment will lead to Friday); Fax: +91-44-28552963; Email:readerseditor@thehindu.co.in; Mail: Readers’
tic credibility. of Jadhav’s family. In Indian Considering the thorny All is well in the House tussles within the DMK and Editor, The Hindu, Kasturi Buildings, 859 & 860 Anna Salai, Chennai 600 002, India.
All communication must carry the full postal address and telephone number. No personal
jails too, metallic relationship between India It is natural for political weaken the party. In the visits. The Terms of Reference for the Readers’ Editor are on www.thehindu.com
CM A
YK
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone https://t.me/pdf4exams
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THE HINDU
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29, 2017
NOIDA/DELHI
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OPED 9
YES, NO, IT’S COMPLICATED
A 1.76 lakh crore scam — just notional?
YES The CAG report’s conclusions were ights of com sector went
through many policy x
capping the total number
of telecom service pro
Existing players, who had got the li
cences and bundled spectrum for a
conveniently sweeping under the
carpet the fact that all telecom li
fantasy and an exercise in ction writing es including telecom li viders in each telecom mere pittance in 199495, and then censees between 1994 and 2007
cences becoming tech circle. At that point, again in 2001, realised that when were also given bundled spectrum
The 2G saga began in 1994 with the A bulk of these private operators nology neutral with the there were 53 UASL ap their licenses expired between at administered prices. In fact, the
announcement of the National Te were unable to full their contrac introduction of the Un plications pending dispo 20142015 and 2021, respectively, policy of giving spectrum at admi
lecom Policy that opened the sector tual obligations and the then Na ied Access Services Li sal in the Ministry of they would not get renewed at the nistered prices as opposed to auc
to private participation. Initially, tional Democratic Alliance govern censing (UASL) regime Communications. This 2001 prices. The new licensees, tion went across the Narasimha
eight private operators were grant ment, which allowed them to in 2003. This stipulated that tele reference created a panic in the te who would now get their licences in Rao, Deve Gowda, I.K. Gujral, Atal
ed mobile licences for 10 years. In migrate from a licence fee to a reve com licences and bundled spec lecom industry. Between April and 20072008 at 2001 prices, would Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan
Manish Tewari
was Information and
December 1995, 34 more mobile li nue share regime through a migra trum would be granted on a rst August 2007, by the time TRAI gave continue till 2027 and 2028. Singh governments. It is the reason
Broadcasting Minister cences were auctioned across 18 te tion package in 1999, among other come, rst served basis on the price its recommendations, 167 new ap for exponential teledensity, zero ta
in the UPA government lecommunication circles for 10 concessions, extended the period discovered in the fourth cellular plications for telecom licences had Misinformation campaign ris, and virtually free Internet con
and member of the JPC years. A third licence was given to of their licence from 10 to 20 years. auction in 2001. been received. After the recom Thus commenced a huge campaign nectivity. The conclusions arrived
that examined the MTNL and BSNL, for other telecom This migration package caused an mendations came in, the govern of misinformation in which the at in the CAG report were ights of
telecom sector for circles to launch mobile telephony actual, as opposed to presumptive, Inection point ment set a cuto date of October 1, Comptroller and Auditor General of fantasy, an exercise in ction writ
19942009 services in 1997 and 2000, respec revenue loss to the government of The inection point came in April 2007 after which no licences for India (CAG) also became a willing ing. The report wrecked the nation.
tively. All mobile licences came 42,080.34 crore. In 2001, a fourth 2007 when the Telecom Ministry new applications would be re participant. The CAG alleged a loss The principle enunciated by the Su
with bundled spectrum granted by cellular licence was auctioned for a sought the opinion of the Telecom ceived. By then, the total number of of 1.76 lakh crore in the grant of preme Court in 2012 when it can
the government at administered panIndia price of 1,658 crore. Regulatory Authority of India applications had mounted to 575. bundled spectrum to the new licen celled 122 telecom licenses requires
prices. Between 2001 and 2007, the tele (TRAI) on a host of issues including That is when it got convoluted. sees at administered prices while a revisit.
NO
The UPA government was itself convinced of managed to favour those
who were able to know
to handle complex mat
ters of policy.
vernment did not question the cor
rectness of the 2G judgment. This
scam resulted in a loss of about
1.76 lakh crore to the public exche
the illegalities. Now, it argues otherwise in advance change in the Third, contradictory clearly indicates that the UPA go quer. The Congress claims that
implementation of the alibis from the Congress vernment was itself convinced of these gures are not based on tangi
The 2G scam exposed the extent of poses these hollow claims. rstcomerstserved expose logical inconsis the illegalities. Even former Prime ble grounds. On the other hand,
systemic corruption in the United First, far from contradicting the principle.” tencies. The UPA govern Minister Manmohan Singh had put what is tangible are the revenue
Progressive Alliance (UPA) regime. arguments put forth by the Su ment in the arbitrary se the blame for the 2G scam on the gains of 1.75 lakh crore in spec
Betrayed by the UPA government, preme Court in 2012, the trial court Policy paralysis lection process of then Telecom Minister. He claimed trum allocation realised by the cur
the common man decisively voted judgment does not even refer to Second, the trial court ruling itself 20072008 had given away 122 li that the scam was a result of “com rent NDA government in 20152016.
BhupendER Yadav it out of power. However, in line them. The apex court had held in has a few issues. In paragraph 1,806 cences for a paltry 9,200 crore. pulsions of the coalition govern How does the Congress explain this
is a BJP Member of with its habit of misleading the pu 2012 that the entire policy of spec of the judgment, it is observed that However, under the Supreme ment” and that “compromises had ‘tangibility’?
Parliament in the blic, the Congress seems to be treat trum allocation adopted by the UPA it was the ocers who misled the Courtmandated auctionbased al to be made” while managing such a Public money is hardearned. Pe
Rajya Sabha ing the trial court judgment as a government was “…wholly arbi Prime Minister’s Oce. The Con location in 2014, the same govern government. He now says that the ople’s loss of trust in the Congress is
badge of honour. In one stroke, the trary, capricious and contrary to gress uses this reasoning to absolve ment could recover 68,000 crore. allegations were “without any foun not just about the uncountable
Congress has now conjured up a public interest apart from being itself of all guilt. Ironically, this ex If there was indeed ‘zero loss’, how dation”. Suddenly, those compul number of zeroes in the loss gure,
‘zero loss theory’ which not only violative of the doctrine of equali cuse exposes the extent of irrespon can the Congress explain these in sions seem to have evaporated into but about the audacity with which
contradicts all the opinions of ex ty”. The court said that the way the sibility of the UPA government. creased revenue gains? Appearing thin air. these losses are being justied. No
perts and government reports but Letters of Intent were granted to That the highest political oce of in the Natural Resources Allocation matter how hard the UPA tries to
is also at variance with its earlier ali applicants “leaves no room for the nation could so easily be misled Case of 2012, the then Attorney 2G scam is no ction bury its sins, its fraudulent argu
bi. A careful analysis of the case ex doubt that everything was stage speaks volumes about its capability General submitted that the UPA go According to the CAG report, the 2G ments nd no takers in a New India.
technical analysis. At best, it was a The objective of providing univer del had worked quite well. In the tainty. So, seen in retrospect, there ceedings. Once again, real, not pre merited further discussion; it may
product of mechanical arithmetic. sal aordable access and broad frenzy, a meaningful discussion got can always be a presumptive loss. sumptive, payouts are involved. not entail the losses alleged. In our
However, a verdict of ‘not guilty’ band all but disappeared. The pu lost as outrage overtook the nation. The exaggerated estimate of pre But the same court declined to fury, we have lost sight of public
does not necessarily imply inno blic policy choice of administrative The other real cost was the resul sumptive loss and the ensuing take a position on the public policy policy objectives and how they are
cence. Special court judge O.P. Sai allocation of spectrum (provided it tant bureaucratic collapse. Mala storm have had an enduring impact choice when the presidential refe to be realised to this day. This must
ni ruled that the charges of criminal was done fairly) versus the auction de could be easily alleged. In the on decisionmaking in the civil ser rence was made. They left it to the change.
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SINGLE FILE FROM ARCHIVES
also neither Nelson Mandela,
nor B.R. Ambedkar with whom he tried to draw a parallel soon Mr. B.G. Horniman moved a resolution urging repeal of the
after his arrest following conviction by a special Central Bur Press Act. He said that he thought that it was the sixth or se
eau of Investigation court in Ranchi in the second fodder scam CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
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CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC venth occasion on which the Congress had passed a resolution
case. But Dylan’s words ring true for Mr. Prasad: he has seen against the Press Act and the protest of the Congress had been
many failures turn into successes and successes morph into CONCEPTUAL ACT ONE supported in an almost unprecedented manner throughout
failures. the country. That Act still remained on the Statute Book of
Mr. Prasad is back in jail for the eighth time, even as pundits Overton Pay raise for judges what had been called a free dependency.
are busy charting out possible electoral alliances in Bihar. If window
Mr. Prasad’s political trajectory is anything to go by, jail bars
PUBLIC POLICY This follows revisions for Central government employees
have never aected his electoral fortunes. Delhi University CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
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professor and national spokesperson of the RJD, Manoj Jha, as Also known as the window Krishnadas Rajagopal pensions of the judges, ated because of the in
serts that the RJD’s structure will only become “robust”, and with the High Court and crease in the same of Cent DATA POINT
of discourse, this refers to
that the party will have a larger social constituency in time for the range of ideas con Judges of the constitu Supreme Court Judges ral government
the 2019 Lok Sabha elections. “It is now a direct battle between sidered to be acceptable in tional courts are often (Salaries and Conditions of employees.
the RJD and the BJP. Nitish Kumar will be relegated to a foot public discourse and those who have left lucrat Service) Amendment Bill, The 2017 Amendment
note in Bihar politics,” he says. hence likely to be adopted ive careers in the legal pro 2017. Bill seeks to revise the
The equation in Bihar is far more complex though.The im as policy. Politicians in any fession to follow the path The salaries, allow salaries of judges with ef
pact of Mr. Prasad’s conviction will be on the party, but also democracy generally do of justice administration. ances, and pensions of the fect from January 1, 2016
beyond. There are two questions that arise from his convic not propose ideas that fall This means a big cut in judges of the Supreme as follows: Chief Justice of
tion. One, can his son and heir apparent, Tejashwi Yadav, keep far beyond the range of the their income and a limited Court and High Courts India: from 1,00,000 per
the party intact, the cadre energised, and the voters en Overton window as those social life, leave aside were last revised with ef month to 2,80,000 per
chanted, especially as the Enforcement Directorate is trying to ideas could be considered transfers out of their par fect from January 1, 2006, month; Supreme Court
bring cases against him and other family members under the extreme and unacceptable ent State High Court. as per the High Court and judges: from 90,000 per
Prevention of Money Laundering Act? And two, does the con to the voting public. Such In the case of retired Su Supreme Court Judges month to 2,50,000 per
viction jeopardise Mr. Prasad’s place in the Opposition? Bar public pressure can also preme Court judges, there (Salaries and Conditions of month; Chief Justice of the
ring an oblique comment from the Congress, most of the Op discourage scholars from is no return to the legal Service) Amendment Act, High Court: from 90,000
position parties have remained mum on the conviction. pursuing ideas that are profession after retirement 2009. per month to 2,50,000
The RJD is losing no time in trying to convince people that considered too radical, at 65 years, which is when The Seventh Central per month; High Court
Mr. Prasad is being targeted, shouting slogans like “Lalu ko jail, thus perpetuating existing a lawyer is often at the Pay Commission recom judges: from 80,000 per
Jagannath ko bail, dekho Modi sarkar ka khel (Lalu goes to jail, ideas on various policy is peak of his or her career. mended revision in the month to 2,25,000 per
Jagannath gets bail, look at how the Modi government is play sues. The idea is named Former Chief Justice of salaries and pension bene month.
ing games).” Disqualied Janata Dal (United) MP Ali Anwar after American public India T.S. Thakur said this fits of Central government The Bill also seeks to re
says: “They acquitted a pandit (former Bihar Chief Minister policy expert Joseph P. convention should end. employees, including vise the rates of house rent
Jagannath Mishra) and convicted a Yadav. This is exactly the Overton. Judges should be allowed members of All India Ser allowance with effect from
narrative that Mr. Prasad has been propagating all along. It will to return to the legal prac vices. The government ac July 1, 2017 and the rates of
resound with the voters.” tice rather than be made cepted the majority of sumptuary allowance with
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
In October 2013, Mr. Prasad was convicted in the the rst
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC to retire and live on a pen these recommendations effect from September 22,
fodder scam case and sentenced to ve years in prison. Much MORE ON sion, he said in his retire and the revised pension 2017.
was written about how the grounds had been cleared for Mr.
Kumar, who broke away from a 17year alliance with the BJP, to
rule alone. But Mr. Prasad came back into the spotlight when
THE WEB 3 ment speech. He would
love to practice as a law
yer, he added.
rules came into force on
January 1, 2016.
Increases in the salar
The government said in
its statement of objects
and reasons for the pro
How India binge-watched While change takes a ies, allowances and pen posed Bill that the subject
he and Mr. Kumar announced the Mahagathbandhan to halt
Netflix in 2017 long time, the government sion of the judges of the matter of the Bill is
the BJP’s juggernaut. Then, Mr. Kumar walked out of the alli
ance to join hands with the BJP once again and Mr. Prasad is has meanwhile proposed Supreme Court and the pending and the President
http://bit.ly/NetixInd2017 to hike the salaries and High Courts was necessit has been informed.
once again out of power. For now.
CM A ND-NDE
YK
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone https://t.me/pdf4exams
8 ISSUES AND INSIGHTS
>
MUMBAI | FRIDAY, 29 DECEMBER 2017 1
Your New Year begins today and hence the appointment can’t be
rescheduled. So basically, you are
telling the boss that the problem is
urgent but the process of addressing
are so novel and brutally honest
that the boss is stumped and
doesn’t know how to respond. For
example, one of the employees
> CHINESE WHISPERS
After all, there is no shortage of excuses for taking leave it is time-consuming. said she “woke up in a good mood
If you have a child, you are set and didn’t want to ruin it.” Missing in action
That person happens to be your sounds important, that’s time- for life. This resource is so great But if you just can’t seem to The Lok Sabha on Thursday passed the
boss, who according to officegoers dependent and requires you to be you can milk at least seven to come up with wacko-enough lies 'Muslim Women (Protection of Rights
across the world is a bully, intrusive, somewhere else. And second, make eight excuses for taking leave. “My to find your way out of work, here on Marriage) Bill', commonly known
controlling, picky and petty creature. the reason boring so that no one child is sick” can be used over and are some more solutions for you: as the 'Triple Talaq' Bill. While
So what do you tell him? After all, wants to ask follow-up questions. over again, without any problem. Your glasses broke and obviously members of nearly all the parties
it has to sound credible enough. “Sir, For example, one employee But if you don’t have a child, you can’t see a thing. No boss can participated in the discussion, those
I am not well today” will hardly wrote: “Due to eating at a new place, replace child with spouse, though deny you leave. Another almost from Trinamool Congress (TMC) were
wash, as this dialogue has been used had food poisoning and vomiting a that may not be that effective. foolproof excuse is a sudden conspicuous by their absence. TMC is
generations by generations. While lot. It also may be an allergic reac- Car problem is another popular appointment for house-hunting. the third largest Opposition party in
your boss will perhaps allow leave, tion with some food. So, went to the one. And a study done by a If your landlord needs to show you the Lok Sabha and the ruling party in
he will immediately link it with the hospital.” HR managers say this kind healthcare company found vom- round, you usually don't have a West Bengal. The state has one of the
HUMAN FACTOR New Year revelries and can label you of message is a sure winner as the iting was the most acceptable rea- lot of say on it. highest percentages of Muslims and so
a shirker. A lot of people use ‘per- person has kept the reason broad son to take a day off, closely fol- But do remember that this list of other parties looked forward to
SHYAMAL MAJUMDAR sonal emergency’ as the reason. But enough – it can be food poisoning or lowed by diarrhoea. excuses for being absent may help hearing its views on the issue. TMC
this is too vague as it can mean any- allergic reaction. No boss will waste Many people find it convenient you give pointers but a lot depends leaders claimed that they didn't take
part to protest the introduction and
I
t’s early morning on the 29th of thing from fatigue to an appoint- his time in trying to figure out the to discover a non-existent old rel- on the creativity part – how best
December, all cosy and warm in ment with your hairdresser, and your actual reason. In any case, it’s some- ative and make him dead due to you are presenting your case. You discussion of the Bill at a short notice.
the bed and you just can’t think of boss knows it. So it’s avoidable. thing that’s typically gone in 24 natural causes. But it is probably must have the guile and skills to There was another reason. TMC chief
submitting yourself to the pain of Don’t sweat. There are many oth- hours and doesn’t warrant you get- a bad idea and you can use it so pull wool over your boss’s eyes and West Bengal Chief Minister
your work. After all, it’s a matter of er reasons that people have thought ting a doctor’s note. There can be many times before you run out of without getting caught. If nothing Mamata Banerjee is currently touring
just a day’s off as the next three days of, and which have become an inte- many variations of this kind of such ‘relatives.’ Besides, you are still works, there is a solution for Sagar Island to oversee the
are anyway ‘holidays’. But just one gral part of office life. There are two reporting sick. For example, you are going to feel terrible if your col- that too. Imagine your boss’s face preparations for the annual
person is standing in the way of your broad principles for this: Think having a terrible toothache and have leagues shower you with sympa- as a punching bag and get started. Gangasagar pilgrimage, and there was
exercising the right to bunk office so about a reason that the boss finds to visit the dentist who will be on thy to cheer you up. That’s a perfect beginning to your a communication gap between TMC
close to the New Year. hard to turn down – something that leave over the New Year weekend; Some of the reasons given out New Year partying. Lok Sabha members and her over the
position that the party should take on
the contentious Bill.
Both Baroda House, headquarters of Northern Railways, and Rail Bhavan, headquarters of Indian Railways, up in 1847 as a College of Civil
Engineering, but came to be given the
were acquired through adverse possession, indelicately referred to as squatter’s rights name of Thomason in 1853. This col-
lege was set up to supply canal engi-
DALIP KUMAR neers for the Ganga Canal project. The
the Gaekwad family amicably settled locomotive and the college were both
disputes over ancestral property. There named after Thomason, James
are two in Delhi, involved in litigation Thomason, who was Lieutenant
not between family members, but Governor of North Western Provinces
between family members and govern- between 1843 and 1853.
ment. Or so it seems. One is the Sirmur The hoary tale is as follows. In the
plot, the second is Baroda House. They immediate post-Independence chaos,
are adjacent. it wasn’t obvious who owned what prop-
Sirmur plot is where New erty in Delhi. With NR having been
Maharashtra Sadan is. It originally formed, as GM, Karnail Singh, discov-
belonged to Maharaja of Sirmur, but ered unoccupied prime real estate in A young lawyer learnt the hard way
INFRA DIG Gaekwads bought it in 1930, in case it the form of Baroda House. Overnight, he how selfie-craze can court trouble. A
BIBEK DEBROY was needed for expanding Baroda brought some trucks in and claimed it lower court judge in Mumbai pulled
House. (Baroda House was completed for NR. In legal terms, this is adverse him up for taking a selfie within the
in 1936. It was designed by Edwin possession, indelicately referred to as courtroom. Confiscating his bar council
card, the judge admonished, “This is a
T
here has to be more than one con- Lutyens and in an odd coincidence, squatter’s rights. There is a similar sto-
nection between Maharaja of Lutyens designed it on a train.) ry about Rail Bhavan too, now head- courtroom not a selfie-point.”
Gaekwad and railways. After all, Post-Independence, no one worried quarters for IR. The credit for this, and Interestingly, the selfie episode came to
the then Maharaja (Khanderao) made too much about the ownership of Sirmur some other Bhavans, goes to CPWD’s the judge’s notice only after an
Baroda the first Princely State to start plot — Union government, Maharashtra HISTORICALLY SPEAKING Rail Bhavan was completed in 1962, but a plaque in the Chief Architect, Habib Rahman. undertrial sitting behind a lawyer in
railways, though initially, in 1862, this government, Gujarat government, building mentions December 30, 1960 as inauguration date Architects have lambasted this style as the courtroom made a complaint.
narrow gauge line (between Dabhoi and Gaekwads. After some wrangling, “Delhi Despotic”.
Miyagam Karjan, a distance of 20 miles) Maharashtra obtained clear title/pos- Gaekwad family settlement. promptly paid. How did NR come to Rail Bhavan was completed in 1962,
had trains pulled by oxen. Eventually, session in 1999. Something similar seems Baroda House is now the headquar- occupy Baroda House? There is a hoary but a plaque in the building mentions
steam locomotives were introduced in to have happened with Baroda House. ters of Northern Railways (NR), formed tale told by railway old-timers. I haven’t December 30, 1960 as inauguration A‘KUVI’ for Suvi
1873 and this led to the evolution of Until recently, there was a case in Delhi in April 1952. The legendary Karnail found it documented anywhere. But all date. Jagjivan Ram was Railway Car buyers who also populate Twitter often
Baroda State Railway and later, Bombay, High Court, where Gaekwad descen- Singh belonged to IRSE (Indian Railway old-timers vouch it is true and the tale Minister between 1956 and 1962 and post pictures of their new acquisitions and tag
Baroda & Central India Railway. Baroda dants were litigating against the gov- Service of Engineers) and was the first concerns Karnail Singh. Karnail Singh was CRB (Chairman, top executives of the company/brand
state merged with India through an ernment. The petition argued Union GM (General Manager) of NR. There By the way, before joining IRSE, Railway Board) between 1960 and 1972. concerned. In most cases, the executive who
accession agreement signed in March government paid rent for Sirmur plot may be litigation with Gaekwad descen- Karnail Singh studied in Thomason Apparently, the new building was meant is tagged reciprocates by liking, commenting
1949. All Baroda state’s property did not and Baroda House till 1965. Later, when dants about alternative property as com- College of Civil Engineering, Roorkee. It to house army headquarters, a com- or re-tweeting these posts and congratulating
automatically become property of Union both were acquired by government(s), pensation, but there is no dispute that is unlikely he then knew he was going to panion to Vayu Bhawan/Bhavan. the buyer on choosing their product. One such
government, or Maharashtra or Gujarat alternative property was promised as Baroda House now belongs to NR and join railways, so that’s another odd coin- However, emboldened by success with buyer happened to post a photograph of his
state governments, as the case might be. compensation, a promise not acted Indian Railways (IR). cidence. A steam locomotive was Baroda House and proximity with the daughter with a new KUV100, a compact SUV
More accurately, state property did upon. One petition in Delhi High Court Indeed, there was an instance where imported in early 1850s and it came to be then Prime Minister, Jagjivan Ram manufactured by M&M, and tagged company
become government property, but the was dismissed because the claimant NR didn’t pay a private company its known as Thomason. In 1851, the Solani and Karnail Singh used adverse pos- chairman Anand Mahindra. “My daughter
Maharaja, and other rulers, possessed couldn’t prove his ancestral right. But dues. Despite an arbitrator’s award in viaduct or aqueduct (near Roorkee), session, even before the building could Suvi loves our new KUV100,” the proud father
private property too. That continued to the issue about some claim to the Sirmur 2007 and a Delhi High Court order in India’s first aqueduct, was being con- be completed. tweeted. Mahindra replied promptly saying a
remain in private hands and as families plot and Baroda House, even if it is in the 2012, NR persisted in its refusal. structed. This was part of the Ganges beautiful girl will naturally choose a beautiful
splintered, there was, and continues to form of alternative property as compen- Therefore, in 2014, Delhi High Court Canal, an anti-famine irrigation and nav- The author is chairman, Economic Advisory car. “Thank you Suvi for choosing a KUV… or
be, litigation. For instance, a few years sation, is presumably valid, since both ordered attachment and auction of igation waterworks programme. Council to the Prime Minister. Views are should I say Kuvi,” he tweeted.
ago, after litigation in courts, members of properties find a mention in the Baroda House to recover payment. NR The Indian Institute of Technology personal
>
OPINION 9
STAY INFORMED THROUGH THE DAY @ WWW.BUSINESS-STANDARD.COM.
Fiscal deficit worries wait for such news to fade from public memory
while their government contacts procrastinate to
allow the leads to go cold.
Revenue uncertainty increases the strain In the US, overlapping deep state interests have
become more visible under President Donald
T
he government’s decision to expand its market borrowing pro- Trump. For instance, Mr Trump’s first trip abroad
gramme for 2017-18 by ~50,000 crore is a clear signal that the fis- was to Saudi Arabia in May 2017 and was accompa-
cal deficit target of 3.2 per cent of the gross domestic product nied by announcements of $110 billion worth of
(GDP) may be breached. The government’s finances have not arms sales. Similar size arms deals were also con-
been in the best of health and the strain has been showing on the expen- cluded by the Barack Obama administration with
Saudi Arabia. In contrast there is no hint of any form
diture as well as the revenue fronts. Data from the Controller General of
of sanctions against Saudi Arabia for its role in
Accounts showed that the fiscal deficit had reached 96.1 per cent of its full- fomenting extremist Wahhabi sentiments in West
year target by the end of October, much higher than the 79.3-per cent Asia, Afghanistan and South Asia.
mark it had touched during the same period a year ago. To some extent, it The clout of deep state interests in the US is also
was expected that there might be some amount of additional borrowing by evident from the manner in which it has negated Mr
the government, but the markets were surprised by the quantum. Though Trump’s intention to improve relations with Russia.
shallow leadership
nerable position. On the revenue front, collection of the goods and serv- Chinese companies is quite stark.
ices tax (GST) is a cause for concern. The total GST collection added up to In the past there were mumblings about the
need for reforms to make the revolving door syn-
~80,808 crore in November, which was a 14 per cent drop from receipts in drome in the US more transparent. It must be the
July when the new indirect tax system was introduced. The sharp fall is deep state power of the US financial sector that
being attributed to the wide-ranging cuts in tax rates that the GST Council Wall Street executives have often become the
permitted after complaints arose in several quarters. But the situation may Checks on deep state are less effective if segments of media, judiciary US Treasury Secretary.
not improve much as the December GST collection is likely to reflect the are complicit, especially when political leadership is shallow At times nation states become indistinguish-
able from deep states as in the cases of Julian
effects of long-pending refunds. It is noteworthy that the GST revenue
I
n his farewell address on January 17, 1961, the up of bankrupt companies over decades. Assange and Edward Snowden. They should be
accounts for about 35 per cent of the Centre’s gross tax collections and a then US President Dwight D. Eisenhower said: Unbelievably, the repeal of SICA was approved by the given legal immunity since their cross-questioning
significant shortfall on this account will land the government in trouble. “In the councils of government, we must guard Indian Parliament in December 2003 and the noti- in open court would bring valuable additional
Moreover, non-tax revenue has been underwhelming. The Reserve Bank against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, fication to that effect came 13 years later in information to the public domain. Hacking into
of India has slashed its dividend by around ~30,000 crore — though whether sought or unsought, by the military-indus- November 2016. computer systems of foreign governments and
efforts are on to persuade the central bank to shell out more — and spec- trial complex”. The judgment announced on December 21, 2017, phones of opponents and foreign officials is con-
President Eisenhower was probably referring to after seven long years, by the special CBI court exon- sidered patriotic duty. If the same persons reveal
trum fees from telecommunication companies have fallen far short of tar-
the activities of private armaments and industrial erating all accused in the 2G telecom case raises far details of the questionable behaviour of their own
get. Though the government is banking on higher disinvestment receipts companies encouraging the raising of US defence too many questions. Despite the Indian govern- governments they are deemed guilty of treason. A
and dividends from public sector units, these may not be adequate miti- budgets. More recently, conspiracy theories specu- ment’s recent efforts anecdotal evidence indicates balance between national interest and acceptable
gating factors this year. late that wars were engendered that there has been little change in behaviour of governments is required. The inter-
On the expenditure front, too, the picture is not pretty. There has in the oil- and gas-rich West the extortionist behaviour of a sig- national court of justice (ICJ) could take suo moto
been increased outgo on account of the Pay Commission’s recommenda- Asia and Persian Gulf regions nificant proportion of tax and notice to seek the unfettered freedom of whistle-
for the fillip that such conflicts police officials. Cynics would blowers such as Assange and Snowden. That is
tions. Apart from the actual deficit numbers, what is equally crucial is that
give to weapons manufacture comment that deep state interests probably too much to ask of sinecure judges.
the Narendra Modi government is now entering its last phase before the in developed countries. abound in all countries and as in Another example of the damage that deep
next general election. There is just one full Budget left at its disposal, and In this article deep states refer other democracies the Indian states do is to wink at the production and smug-
with widespread rural distress there is an apprehension that the govern- to subterranean alliances within media and judiciary are expected gling of drugs. The billions of dollars of profit
ment may resort to populist measures. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley has and across nation states to pro- to keep these in check. However, involved make it impossible for government agen-
amply demonstrated his determination to maintain macroeconomic sta- mote private profit at the cost of checks and balances are less effec- cies to do more than pick up individual offenders.
public interest. Such cartel-like JAIMINI BHAGWATI tive if segments of the media and Making non-toxic drugs legal would eliminate
bility. This resolve must not weaken during the run-up to the 2019 gener-
alliances are easier to forge when the judiciary are complicit with most of this clandestine industry. Deep state
al election. In the absence of revenue certainty, the government should go high capital costs restrict the Indian deep state interests and interests clothe their resistance to any such move
in for well-targeted capital expenditure so that a deepening of the fiscal number of players as in defence industries, the pow- particularly when political leadership is shallow. by heightening unwarranted fears of widespread
problem is avoided. er sector, telecommunications or banking. The November 2017 ordinance to amend the addiction if drugs were to be low cost.
In India the current high proportions of non-per- Indian Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code has been Deep states are like gigantic icebergs only one-
forming bank assets point to inflation of project criticised on the grounds that creditor banks will ninth visible above the water. Impartial commen-
I
n the immediate aftermath of a bitterly fought Gujarat Assembly elec- the Sick Industrial Companies Act (SICA) and Board jective judgement. It is such needless shades of Well, glaringly obvious or not deep state activi-
tion as well as the 2G case verdict, there were growing worries of a com- for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) grey that deep states exploit. ties need to be highlighted and checked.
plete washout of the winter session of Parliament. Thankfully, the evi- indicates collusion across Indian deep state interests. Tax laws in Panama, Cayman Islands (British
dence of the past couple of days shows that the two main political Much to the agony of creditors the bumbling or mala autonomous territory), Mauritius, Cyprus and The writer is RBI chair professor at ICRIER
parties are getting down to business, notwithstanding the sharp differ- fide actions of the BIFR often extended the winding Singapore help to mask tax evasion as legitimate j.bhagwati@gmail.com
ences over the Triple Talaq Bill, which eventually was passed by the Lok
Sabha late on Thursday. The Bharatiya Janata Party, which was heavily crit-
W
hen I was at business school at SPJIMR in opportunity through a new lens. could be a significant way to solve the knowledge
ty member that hurt the dignity of the Prime Minister’s Office. Bridging of the early nineties, a senior executive from In the last month, I got a taste of two such excit- deficit in Maths and Science (and later, all subjects)
the chasm between these two parties is crucial because it allows Parliament P&G’s global team came to speak to our ing projects that signal just how much the needle has among learners in the K-12 space. However, the chal-
to enforce legislative accountability on the executive. class about their work leading up to the launch of moved. I met the head of strategy at Medtronic Lab, lenge is to stitch together an ecosystem of stake-
Though this conciliatory mood has come too late in the day as far as Ariel detergent. It was a fascinating session — the company that is best known as an innovative holders across the various state educational depart-
this year is concerned, it will, hopefully, endure in the remaining days of detailed and insightful. And for us newbies, it maker of medical devices. The lab, a brainchild of ments, schools, both government and private,
showed us how one of the best-run global multi- Omar Ishrak, its global CEO of Bangladeshi origin, is teachers, school boards, students and their fami-
the current Lok Sabha. This is required as 2017 has been quite a poor year nationals painstakingly crafted strategy for a com- mandated to create low-cost, disruptive solutions for lies. It is no mean task. Khan Academy’s managing
in terms of the total number of days on which Parliament functioned. plex market like India. under-served segments in emerging markets. director told me that they’re slowly starting to gain
According to an analysis by PRS Legislative Research, by the end of this A few years later, as a busi- When he set it up last year, traction. A recent talent search initiative to find
month, Parliament would have worked for just 57 days. That is well short ness journalist for this paper, I Mr Ishrak wanted the lab to teachers to help co-create its video-based instruc-
of the 70-day mark, the annual average since the year 2000. Though the did a series of investigative, in- open up new addressable mar- tion in at least five languages, including English,
depth feature stories on not just kets in emerging markets and Hindi, Kannada, Marathi and Tamil, has yielded
analysis says that despite meeting on fewer occasions, Parliament did
Ariel’s journey in India but also help tackle chronic healthcare great results. The Karnataka government’s education
manage to pass a lot of crucial bills, clearing key legislation is just one side on the big shifts in P&G’s global challenges. The lab has already department has taken the lead to support a pilot to
of the story. The worrisome aspect is that the trend of disruption that strategy and how that played out begun work in Africa and India. create local language content. And the results of
started in 2010 continues unabated in both Houses of Parliament. in India. That was the time Here, it has recently hired an that pilot could open doors for more such state gov-
The year had started well with the Lok Sabha working for 108 per cent when P&G’s much-talked about award-winning social entre- ernments to embrace partnership models with Khan
and the Rajya Sabha for 86 per cent of their scheduled time in the budget battle against Unilever’s much- preneur to lead the develop- Academy. Lean principles will once again shape the
vaunted subsidiary, Hindustan ment of a new solution to treat project, as it gathers momentum. The Karnataka
session. But these percentages fell sharply during the monsoon and winter
Lever, made big news. Those diabetes Type II, a disease that pilot is managed by just one person, with the digital
sessions to as low as 36 per cent for the Rajya Sabha in the ongoing session. were the days when consumer is taking on scary proportions tech support from Khan Academy.
An associated worry is an alarming decline in the role of parliamentary com- product companies ruled the in India, the diabetes capital of While both these experiments are at an early
mittees in scrutinising legislation. Some of the key bills were passed with- roost, defined modern market- STRATEGIC INTENT the world. The new ‘intrepre- stage, they provide a good mental picture of how
out adequate legislative examination. In fact, the record of the 16th Lok ing, and were considered the neur’ has a five-year runway. emerging market innovation models could blos-
best places to work. INDRAJIT GUPTA She will use a combination of som in future.
Sabha is shockingly poor — less than 30 per cent of the bills have been scru-
Maybe they still are. Except design thinking, ethnography, Back in the late 1980s and early 1990s, P&G
tinised by the standing committees. The corresponding figures for the 15th
that marketing of soaps and detergents, colas and rapid prototyping tools and techniques, and frugal pumped in billions of dollars behind the Ariel mar-
and 14th Lok Sabha are 70 per cent and 60 per cent, respectively. In the com- biscuits don’t quite fire up the public imagination as innovation methods to craft a commercially viable ket development and launch in India, with global
ing year, Parliament has some important legislation on its agenda — such they used to. India has bigger challenges at hand. solution, with technology and R&D support from R&D teams from Japan and the US making frequent
as the Code on Wages Bill, 2017, which seeks to consolidate laws related to There are enormous problems to solve in spaces like the lab. That’s not all. Mr Ishrak is hoping that the trips to India, trying to reverse engineer a global for-
wages, as well as a bill on protecting personal data, especially Aadhaar-relat- education, healthcare, agriculture and even manu- leadership team at the lab can also act as evangelists mula to fit the needs of the local market. Instead, the
ed information. It will be in India’s long-term interest if the two main polit- facturing. Innovative entrepreneurs are leveraging to transform mindsets of its leadership team in the Medtronic Lab and the Khan Academy model are
technology and new business models to change the US and other developed markets — and help them scrappy, frugal and very local. And I’m willing to
ical parties undertake some serious introspection on their parliamentary
ground rules completely. And as I had mentioned in develop a deeper understanding of markets in bet that it could emerge as a more sustainable way to
duties, despite the electioneering in eight states due next year. the last instalment of my column, India is the biggest Africa and India. innovate in emerging markets like India.
laboratory of social innovation in the world. And Now, take the case of a completely different ven-
even global firms are starting to look at the India ture from the non-profit world: Khan Academy. In The writer is co-founder at Founding Fuel
16 THE ECONOMIC TIMES The Edit Page THE ECONOMIC TIMES | NEW DELHI / GURGAON | FRIDAY | 29 DECEMBER 2017
Fiscally Sinning or GoI’s announcement of more borrowings could affect interest rates, which can affect the economy
Not, Communicate
If the fiscal deficit breaches target, explain
The government has announced that it would borrow an
How to Spend the Next Year (a tenth of a percentage point) from
7.21to 7.31, a very large move by bond
additional .̀ 50,000 crore. Will this increase the fiscal defi- market standards.
cit, beyond its target of 3.2% of GDP for the current finan-
cial year? What does the government plan to do with the
But why make all this fuss over a
government bond? You can think of Stop It All
this yield as a sort of ‘core’ interest
money? Will it go to pay for outstanding dues on revised
pay for civil servants? Or will it fund extra route-km of
rate that directly or indirectly influ-
ences all borrowing and lending ra-
& Stay Still
tes in the economy. Then it may make
national highways or higher support prices for farm pro- Abheek Barua sense to fret over how much more
THICH NHAT HANH
duce? These questions should have been rendered super- this yield will increase. People speak of meditation in
fluous. The government should have come out with credi- nDecember 27, the govern- The good news is that the bond terms of samatha and vipassa-
ble communication on all these and other matters, while
announcing the additional borrowing.
Overshooting a fiscal deficit target might or might not
be a sin, depending on how much of non-government sa-
O ment announced that it wo- market was expecting some overrun
uld borrow .̀ 50,000 crore in the fiscal deficit and had traded yi-
more from the bond market elds up over the last few weeks. The
in 2017-18 than it had bud- 10-year bond yield rose by a hefty 60
geted in February. This would mean basis points between mid-September
a raft of bond auctions in the last qu- and the last week of December. The
na. Samatha means stopping
and vipassana means looking
deeply. If you stop, you stop well.
And if you look, you look well.
Stopping is an art. Stopping, in
order to give your body and your
vings are available for the government to tap without cre- arter of this fiscal year, taking the key question now is how much extra mind a chance to heal because
FILE PHOTO
ating excess demand and the intended purpose of the ex- Centre’s total annual borrowings up draft the market was expecting. Opini- our mind has the capacity of he-
tra borrowing. The point is to make things clear without from an already hefty .̀ 5,80,000 crore ons differ, and while most of the bond aling itself. Our body, if we allow
to .̀ 6,30,000 crore. traders I spoke to seem to have pencil- it, will be able to heal itself too.
allowing uncertainty to build up in the market. If T-Bills This means that GoI did some stra- led in .̀ 50,000 crore, some had expec- Not to jump to conclusions But because we don’t know
are replaced with dated securities, that is, very short-term ight talking and admitted that the pro- ted the number to be slightly smaller. how to stop, how to give our
debt is replaced with longer-term debt, jections it presented in last Februa- However, the bottom line is that a collections. The RBI had to foot a hef- ly sign of a breach in targets could body a chance, our body cannot
ry’s Budget had gone awry, leaving significant fraction of the borrowin- ty bill to handle demonetisation and mean that the RBI could actually start heal itself. Our mind also is a
it might appear that there is no net ad- behind a larger gap between revenue gs had been ‘priced in’ into the bond this translated into lower dividends hiking interest rates for the first time. kind of body, a spiritual body.
dition to borrowing and so the fiscal and spending. It needs more money yields, and after Thursday’s knee- for GoI. These are one-offs that the fis- The bond markets would move before Our mind does have the capaci-
deficit would not be impacted. Howev- since it has a bigger gap to fill than it jerk, they could actually down off a cal deficit should accommodate and the central bank, dumping bonds and ty of healing itself. But if it does
had expected. little over the next few days and settle print a few percentage points higher taking yields up sharply. The net re- not heal itself, it’s because we
er, since T-Bills are to be settled within in a lower range. The fear that some as a share of GDP if needed. sult would be an environment where have not given it a chance —
the year, they are not counted while Mind the Gap investors and bankers seem to share If the government tries to stick to interest rates keep climbing. that is why you have to learn the
toting up the fiscal deficit. So, other This announcement should also im- of the yield moving up over 7.5% is the 3.2% target, it would have to pru- Would this matter? There are some deep art of stopping.
ply that GoI will breach its fiscal defi- perhaps exaggerated. ne expenditures (particularly capital signs that after a hiatus of almost five Imagine a river reflecting the
things remaining the same, the fiscal cit target of 3.2% of the year’s GDP. The strange thing is that not all spending on road and port projects). years, some segments of the private full moon. The river must be
deficit would go up — of course, there would be a minor The deficit target is simply a limit it economists are screaming bloody That would slow down the momen- sector are thinking of adding to capa- calm in order to reflect the full
saving on the interest outgo on the replaced T-Bills, as in- sets itself for the amount it wishes to murder. Why? For some time now, tum of an already sluggish economy. city in 2019. They could shelve their moon. If the river is full of wav-
borrow for the year to fund the excess there has been a clear divide between plans if rising cost of capital makes es, if it is too turbulent, then it
terest on dated securities would be paid only in the next of spend over earn. those who counsel strict adherence Fiscal Self-Discipline their projects unviable. So, instead of can never reflect the beautiful
fiscal. But other things need not remain the same. Tax If it has lived beyond its means and to deficit targets and those who belie- This is part of a broader debate that ‘crowding in’ expenditures through a image of the moon. Our body, if
plans, the fiscal deficit should prima ve that meeting the target willy-nilly, is likely to get a little noisier as we ap- fiscal stimulus, GoI could end up cro- it is not calm, if it is not restful,
collections could go up, if income-tax officials diligently
facie go up. The consensus is that it despite changed circumstances, wou- proach Budget 2018. Fiscal discipli- wding out potential private investors. then it will not be able to resto-
follow the goods and services tax audit trail, small savin- will rise to 3.5% of GDP. ld do more harm than good. narians would urge much more cau- Finally, there are eight state elec- re itself, to heal itself.
gs collections could be lower, disinvestment proceeds co- The immediate impact of this has Their argument goes thus: 2017-18 tion going forward, while the ‘pump tions due in 2018 and the general elec- You know that when an ani-
been felt on government bond yields. was an exceptional year. The teething primers’ would push for some elbow tions in 2019. Any expenditure by GoI mal gets wounded, it will find a
uld be higher, the government could ask for special divi-
As on Thursday morning, yields on troubles related to the goods and ser- room to spend, as long as it is on ‘pro- that seems out of whack with revenu- calm place to lie down. It will
dends from public enterprises without a clue as to how to the 10-year benchmark government vices tax (GST) slowed growth down ductive’ capital expenditure and the es will raise the bogey of ‘populism’. stay there quietly, not eating
invest their huge surpluses. The government is unlikely bond are up by roughly 10 basis points with its unavoidable impact on tax revenue deficit (items like wages, sub- Cynics may see this as par for the co- anything, until the wound is
sidies) is tamed. urse in an India election cycle. But sh- healed; because the animal
to curtail expenditure, however. I would tend to side with the disci- ould we risk our international credibi- knows that if it continues to
What is needed is clarity on the fiscal stance and its plinarians for a couple of reasons. In- lity and reverse our strategy of prun- look for something to eat, then
clear communication. Chicken Little would have little to Inflation is rising and the Reserve Bank of India is flation is rising and the RBI is likely ing national debt? Perhaps not. its body will have no chance to
likely to frown upon anything that threatens to add to frown upon anything that threat- rest and restore itself. The ani-
fear, even if the fiscal deficit does exceed the target by a ens to add to price pressures. Fiscal mals can do it, why can’t we do
The writer is chief economist,
couple of decimal points. to price pressures. Fiscal laxity is on top of this list laxity is on top of this list, and any ear- HDFC Bank it ourselves.
MONIKA ADWANI
G K Chesterton’s Noah made light of the Great Flood by say- pulation of 7.5 billion) is unravelling were taken on August 11, ahead of the with one’s PAN (Permanent Account time — are in the works. They will be Indore
a complex and difficult year. Independence Day long weekend. Number) card, and book Jio phones. well-equipped to do accurate sentime-
ing that he didn’t care where the water goes, so long as it does-
n’t go into the wine. But now in a latter-day reprise of the Bib-
This was a year when women found
their voice and hashtag #MeToo
On Twitter, Narendra Modi, Amita-
bh Bachchan and Shah Rukh Khan
Globally, it was a difficult year with
terror attacks and natural disasters
nt and mood analysis of social med-
ia, detecting global emotional peaks Transport First,
lical deluge, the western world is once again being inundated made headlines. Merriam-Webster
chose ‘feminism’ as its word of the
were the top three most-followed per-
sonalities in 2017, with Deepika Pad-
in an abrasive political atmosphere.
On Facebook’s top global moments
and troughs not just in shades of sad-
ness and happiness but complex em-
Towns Later
with water, which is not just getting into the wine but becom-
year. Collins Dictionary picked ‘fake ukone as the only woman in the top were International Women’s Day, Su- otions like anger, fear and surprise. Apropos ‘Planned Towns for
ing a substitute for not only that beverage but for all potables news’. For Oxford Dictionary, the 10. Among top hashtags were #GST, per Bowl 51, Las Vegas violence, Me- They will be broad-based and data- Public Transport’ (Dec 27), sin-
and comestibles. In a fad causing waves of concern among word was ‘youthquake’. In a year #tripletalak and #ain’tnocindrella. xico earthquake and Hurricane Har- rich tapping into multiple sources ce traffic-transport manageme-
nutritionists, a growing number of people in the US are put- when language increasingly reflect- The search giant Google — owner vey. Among the celebs, men like US like Google, Chinese Baidu and pub- nt requires long gestation peri-
ting themselves on a ‘water diet’. The idea is to imbibe noth- ed deepening unrest and exhausted of YouTube and Google Search — TV journalist Matt Lauer, accused lications like The Times of India and od and large-scale investments,
nerves, ‘youthquake’ was a rare po- of sexual misconduct, rubbed shou- multiple languages like Arabic, Hin- it should precede planned dev-
ing but aqua till all one’s body fat has been burned away and litical word that sounded a hopeful lders with soon-to-be British royalty di and Mandarin. These hedonomet- elopment of towns. In additi-
converted into energy. Though doctors have warned that the note, explained the publishers of Meghan Markle. Fidget spinners, sol- ers can potentially create powerful on, master cities should have
practice represents a serious eating disorder, the diet has ga- Oxford Dictionary. ar eclipse and bitcoins caught every- public health dashboards. hi-tech traffic management,
ined over 17,000 followers on a social media platform. For Dictionary.com, the word was one’s fancy. For example, analyses of Instagram booths to certify roadworthi-
‘complicit’. The word’s usage spiked How real is this revealed virtual photos correctly identified markers ness of vehicles on the pattern
In India, those protesting against the policies of the powers first in March when actor Scarlett world? For long, digital natives have of depression — depressed people of pollution-checking booths
that be often undertake fasts unto dearth, if not unto death, Johansson played US President Don- lived parallel lives — in the real wor- posting bluer and darker photos. Mi- and an implementable integra-
during which only jal may be had without any accompanying ald Trump’s daughter Ivanka in a sa- ld with their real selves, and in the crosoft researchers are trying to find ted urban transport policy. So,
tirical ad for a perfume called Comp- virtual world often creating and por- if there is a connection between web what’s needed is a systems-bas-
paan. The various ‘river’-sharing wars’ being waged between
licit, which was marketed as ‘the frag- traying their ideal selves, built on search patterns and early symptoms ed approach to develop a mod-
some states also underline the importance of what might be rance for the woman who could stop posts, likes and fans. of brain diseases like Parkinson’s ern transportation system.
called ‘paani-bijli’ politics. These, however, are susceptible all this but won’t!’ The real-virtual boundaries now and Alzheimer’s.
Many social network giants like are blurring. Social media, with its Expect future annual look-back re- A L AGARWAL
FILE PHOTO
the bijli out of the paani, the second dam would be redundant. and cricket dominated. On Facebook’s Looking back ahead social network platforms. malini.goyal@timesgroup.com editet@timesgroup.com
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14 hindustantimes HINDUSTAN T IMES, NEW DELH I
FRI DAY, D EC EMBER 29, 2017
e sta b l i s h e d i n 1 9 24
comment
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Sticktothe The big idea of 2017 is ‘Indo-Pacific’
skillsministry Given its location and maritime aspirations, India
is the geopolitical keystone of the Indian Ocean
are a single, shared strategic space. What
happens in one, has implications in the other.
Thus the militarisation of the South China
Sea directly affects India, just as develop-
ments in the Indian Ocean have immediate
P
Abe did not use the phrase Indo-Pacific, but continental features (e.g. Asia), it automati-
rime Minister Narendra Modi has often said that ratheralludedtoabookbytheMughalprince cally elevates the maritime element of our
Dara Shikoh in describing the “dynamic cou- way of thinking about the region. For India,
the only holy book in his eyes is the Constitution
pling” of the Indian and Pacific oceans as the this means thinking more seriously about
A
of India. Clearly, his junior minister for skill s another year comes to an end, it “confluence of the two seas.” In October 2010, maritime trade, the blue economy, and naval
is perhaps worth reminding our- former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton requirements and capabilities.
development, Anant Kumar Hegde, is not on the selves that political leaders and described the importance of the “Indo-Pacific Three, although the “Indo-” in Indo-Pa-
same page. Mr Hegde recently said that his gov- controversies come and go, but basin...to global trade and commerce.” cific refers to the Indian Ocean and not India,
ideas, concepts, and terminology This year, the idea picked up steam, espe- it is impossible to think about the Indo-Pa-
ernment is “here to often have a longer shelf life. What were the cially in official circles. Abe’s government cific without considering the role of India.
change the Constitution” and that it ourtake big ideas of 2017?
Some, inevitably, are the product of tech-
outlined a vision for a “free and open Indo-
Pacific.” Australia’s 2017 Foreign Policy
Given its central location, its status as the
largest economy, its long coastline, and its
would, pointedly referring to the use of nological developments: blockchain and White Paper made numerous mentions of it. n PM Narendra Modi with Japanese Prime blue water naval capabilities, India is the
the term secular, which is one of the adjectives used to define deeplearning bymachineshavebeen around In his January address to the Raisina Dia- Minister Shinzo Abe, New Delhi, 2015 geopolitical keystone of the Indian Ocean.
for some time as applied concepts, but have logue, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said Therefore, the use of the term Indo-Pacific
India in the Constitution. He has since apologised after even his only recently become a part of popular con- that India “believe[s] that respecting free- A common query is what part of the implicitly acknowledges India’s central role
sciousness. Other notions that have gained dom of navigation and adherent to interna- earth’s surface is actually covered by the in regional security and commercial dynam-
party distanced itself from his unwarranted remarks. The
salience are political in nature, such as ‘fake tional norms is essential for peace and eco- Indo-Pacific? The US NSS defines it as ics.
fringe right-wing, even some members of the BJP, have been news.’ Some are purely linguistic. Online nomic growth in...the Indo-Pacific.” And, extending from the west coast of the United This shared understanding - and the full
searches for the rather archaic word ‘dotard’ somewhat belatedly, the US described the States to the west coast of India. Japan’s view significance of the adoption of Indo-Pacific by
talking about this change of the Constitution for some time spiked after North Korean leader Kim Indo-Pacific as a priority region in its 2017 is perhaps the most ambitious, extending to Indian, American, Japanese, and Australian
using sly arguments about how it should be based on the ethos Jong-Un used it to insult Donald Trump. National Security Strategy (NSS). Trump two oceans and two continents (Asia and leaders - has not necessarily been appreci-
In the international political realm, I appears personally seized with the idea, and Africa). India has not formally defined it, but ated in capitals around the world, including
of society. The ethos often referred to reflects a majoritarian would venture that the idea of the year is the used the phrase Indo-Pacific numerous times it is clear that in Indian conceptions it in New Delhi. But it has been noted in Beijing.
approach that seems to involve stamping out individualism, Indo-Pacific. In 2017, with its official adoption during his November tour of Asia. Thus, extends from the east coast of Africa, across Its adoption and acceptance in official circles
by the US, it reached a new threshold, and it Indo-Pacific is now firmly part of the official the Indian Ocean, to the western and south may have been belated, but it is nonetheless
circumventing civil liberties, erasing socialism ,and eliminat- may now be with us to stay. The Indo-Pacific strategic vocabulary of India, the United Pacific. a welcome and important addition to the
ing all vestiges of secularism. is not a new idea, nor is it originally an Amer- States, Japan, and Australia. The coming But the exact geographical scope of the ideas that shape our thinking about the
ican one. It actually arises from the natural together of these four countries in a dialogue Indo-Pacific is almost beside the point. What world.
Mr Hegde ought to have known that a 13-judge bench of the sciences, referring to a large bio-geographic earlier this year, while still exploratory, also matters is the shared understanding of the Dhruva Jaishankar is Fellow for Foreign Policy,
region of warm water in the Indian and began to cement the idea of the Indo-Pacific term. Essentially, it is three-fold. One, it Brookings India, New Delhi
Supreme Court in the Kesavananda Bharati case in 1973 had
Pacific Oceans. Its evolution as a strategic as an operational construct. implies that the Indian and Pacific Oceans The views expressed are personal
stated that the basic structure of the Constitution could not be
altered in exercise of the constituent powers of Parliament to
amend the Constitution. It should be changed only if a cataclys-
mic event necessitates it but only after a judicial scrutiny. To
W E L FA R E S TAT E
A déjà vu of diplomatic
be sure, people opposed to the terms socialist and secular often
refer to the 42nd amendment, which introduced these words lows in Indo-Pak ties
into the document in 1975. The amendment also made other
changes, and it was enacted at a horrible time in India’s history,
The treatment of Jadhav’s relatives would seem velvety
but that doesn’t change the fact that it isn’t easy to take offence compared to what the Rajesh Mittal’s family suffered
at the two terms in a pluralistic society. mother.
VINOD It was a given that this meeting would be
The BJP leadership should make it clear to its ministers to SHARMA in a sanitised, highly regimented environ.
not use the Constitution to make political points, as was obvi- The terrain would’ve been no different if
New Delhi were to facilitate a family union
ously Mr Hegde’s intent. If indeed Mr Hedge wants to be seen as with a person tried and convicted, rightly
a radical thinker, then he should perhaps start closer home — or wrongly, for terrorism.
Statecraft brooks no emotion. Still, it’s
with his own ministry, for instance. India’s skills development
T
he external affairs ministry’s insti- difficult not to react to the women being
ministry has a big task in hand — ensuring that people acquire tutional memory is replete with made to change clothes and take off their
instances of ugly diplomatic face- mangalsutras. Islamabad also played foul
the kind of skills that are in demand in the job market. offs with Pakistan. One case stands through a choreographed exposure of Jad-
out for the nadir it touched. It involved a hav’s relatives to media-persons outside its
n The 20162017 Economic Survey had proposed a restricted Universal Basic Income of counsellor-level official in the Indian Mis- foreign office.
₹7,620 per year, with poverty and hunger alleviation as the stated objective HT sion, Rajesh Mittal. He was abducted and The scribes heckled and taunted the two
§
China’s initiative Universal Basic Income dustbin, what with its intelligence opera-
tives subjecting Mittal to torture. After
seven hours of captivity, the counsellor
was “a living cabbage when we got him
Pakistan failed abysmally if its intent
was to come across as reasonable in the
eyes of the international community and
The Hague court hearing the Jadhav case.
Islamabadcannotplayadouble Besides the high costs, the execution of this concept out,” according to a diplomat who handled
the case.
It was as much an opportunity lost to effect
a thaw in the frosty Indo-Pak relations.
on a national scale would face a myriad challenges I’ve a good memory of the Mittal saga, The casualty of it all is Jadhav. He may
gamewithBeijing onAfghanistan income tax in the 1960s and 70s, the idea
posted as I then was in Islamabad as Hindu-
stan Times’ resident representative. That
not be sent to the gallows. But an under-
standing on his fate is now unlikely till new
ANIL
C
started gaining swift traction from 2016, with wasn’t the age of real-time information regimes are in place after general elections
hina has taken a diplomatic bull by the horns by ANTONY several countries including Kenya, Brazil, platforms. Yet the incident made world on either side of the border. Pakistan goes
hosting a foreign ministers’ trilateral with Pakistan Finland, Netherlands, and Scotland starting headlines in the manner the Jadhav story to the polls next year, India in 2019.
small-scale experiments in basic income. has. It saw New Delhi calling off foreignsec- The treatment meted out to Jadhav’s rel-
and Afghanistan. It is seeking solutions to two prob- Back in 2010, India had a trial where retary-level talks—that eventually took atives in the Pakistan foreign office would
lems. One, to get Kabul and Islamabad on the same unconditional monthly cash transfers place in early 1994 without making any seem velvety when compared with what
between ₹100 and ₹300 were provided to over headway. the Mittal family suffered 25 years ago. The
page on almost any issue. That this is difficult should not be a
E
xponential technological innova- 6,000 people in Madhya Pradesh. Unsurpris- Sentenced to death this year by a mili- diplomat’s wife and father weren’t allowed
surprise given that Pakistan is supporting an insurgency, the tions have made it possible for us to ingly, the beneficiaries showed substantial tary court, Jadhav is in captivity since to return with him in the BSF aircraft New
envision a future with abundant improvements in their food sufficiency, and March 2016. His trauma must have been Delhi sent to Rawalpindi’s Chaklala air-
Taliban, to overthrow the Afghan government. In most cases, resources. Unfortunately, the rapid wellness levels. Our 2016-2017 Economic Sur- much worse. In just a half day’s captivity, base for his evacuation.
this would be a weak basis for cooperation. The other is to adoption of disruptive technologies such as vey had proposed a restricted UBI of ₹7,620 electrodes were used to brutalise Mittal. Therehasbeenmuchconsternation,and
Artificial Intelligence, 3D printing and robot- /year, with poverty and hunger alleviation Mittal was lucky; his freedom cameearly rightly so, over the delay in the arrival of a
build cross-border infrastructure in Afghanistan. The Afghan ics has cut down our human capital needs. the stated objective. It would, however, cost as his father and a domestic help were wit- car to ferry back Jadhav’s visitors from the
The trends in the cradle of global technologi- at least 5% of our GDP. Besides high costs, the ness to his capture from outside his resi- foreign ministry after the meeting. The
landscape is littered with wonderful-sounding connectivity
cal innovations, the Silicon Valley, could be execution of this concept on a national scale dence. The Indian Mission swung into affront was graver in Mittal’s case. The
projects — Lapis Lazuli corridor, Five Nations Railway and seen as an ominous harbinger of our future, anywhere would face a myriad challenges, action immediately. entrance to the airbase was locked when an
with the small concentrated area housing including the need to overhaul the existing The full story of Jadhav’s treatment by embassy official reached there with his
the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India gas pipeline five of the eight most valuable companies in social security and welfare systems; and the his captors will be known only when he injured colleague.
— which have never gone beyond the drawing board. the world, with a cumulative market cap of creation of unpredictable changes in the returns home. That prospect has been set Despite prior intimation, a security
almost $3 trillion; but with the tech-titans labour market. back by bilateral tensions concomitant to guard first wanted to know as to why they
It has been an overriding Indian strategic interest to help employing just under 700,000 between them, India, in the near future, can ill afford the Indian outrage over Pakistan’s han- were there. He then tossed on the ground
Afghanistan reduce its dependency on Pakistan and give it indicating the distressing trajectory of our another radical structural economic reform. dling of his meeting with his wife and the identity card presented by the diplomat
workforce requirements. Effective digitisation could be a practical who had escorted Mittal.
more resources to tackle the Taliban. Both of these would be Although we haven’t been able to yet cre- stop-gap measure, with Aadhaar linkage, The objective was to delay the flight. The
enhanced by Chinese investment. Despite Beijing’s closeness ate a redistributive system befitting this age along with the percolation of banking facili- THE CASUALTY OF IT ALL IS purpose: deny Doordarshan the footage of
of limited job opportunities and copious ties to the last-mile reducing pilferage; and KULBHUSHAN JADHAV. AN the diplomat’s return for its prime time bul-
to Islamabad, the track record of China in Afghanistan has resources, the most spoken about solution to could proficiently target our existing subsi- letin. Much in the manner in which Jad-
date is the introduction of a Universal Basic dies and transfers towards the intended ben-
UNDERSTANDING ON HIS FATE hav’s kin had to change clothes, remove
been one of promoting regional stability rather than hewing
Income (UBI), a regular and fixed amount for eficiaries. Nonetheless, our high levels of IS NOW UNLIKELY TILL NEW footwear, Mittal was bundled on the plane
blindly to Pakistan’s line. Beijing has repeatedly sought to the underprivileged from the State. poverty gives us strong grounds to design an
REGIMES ARE IN PLACE AFTER in the shirt and trouser he was wearing. His
While the concept of a basic income has alternative redistributive solution belongings were carted home later by his
promote regional understanding on Afghanistan. It proposed been spoken of from the middle of the 19th Anil K Antony is executive director GENERAL ELECTIONS ON EITHER wife and father.
India-Afghanistan-Pakistan talks in 2006. Since then it has century, with countries like the US and
Canada later experimenting with a negative
of Cyber India
The views expressed are personal
SIDE OF THE BORDER What a déjà vu of diplomatic lows!
n vinodsharma@hindustantimes.com
hosted a variety of talks that have included Afghanistan, Paki-
stan, the Taliban and the US. Afghanistan is a regular part of
the agenda of Russia-India-China meetings. None of these
efforts have borne any success. Shakir Alam Mazumder pass too. New year brings a time to have a mistake that people make is by setting com-
fresh start. It’s not that one has to forget all plex resolutions. So, it is better to set daily
Islamabad was vague about what it thought of China help- Traditionally New Year is time to make res- mistakes and past experiences but it is goals and working for it. Take small steps at
ing rebuild Afghanistan. After all, security for such projects
innervoice olutions. For some people, the year ends about learning from the mistakes and mov- first so one can taste his first victory. And
with troubles, heartaches and many other ing on.Setplansandpendown yourgoals on believe in yourself that you can do it. That’s
would have to be guaranteed by Pakistan, the primary exter- problems. But regardless of the situation, a paper, for it will help you stay focused. Reso- the reason why Mr. Obama always says,
nal supporter of the Taliban. When the US had proposed a sim-
LIFE IS TOUGH AT TIMES. new year comes with new hopes, expecta-
tions and opportunities. We cannot change
lutions are the promises that one makes to
either give up bad habits or starting a good
“Yes we can”. So, let’s start the new year
with new hopes, new beginnings!
ilar plan, Islamabad undermined it. It will find it much harder IT’S NEVER TOO LATE what has happened but it’s never too late to
have new beginning.
one. All resolutions aim to become success-
ful.
Inner Voice comprises contributions
from our readers.
to play that double game with its “all-weather friend”, China. FOR A NEW BEGINNING Life is tough at times. But like there is a
sunrise after every sunset, tough time will
Unfortunately, these promises are often
brokensoon aftertheyaremade. Acommon
The views expressed are personal
n Innervoice@hindustantimes.com
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PRINTED & PUBLISHED BY SHARAD SAXENA for and on behalf of HT Media Ltd. 18-20, Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi-110001 and printed at HT Media Ltd. Presses at Plot No.-8, Udyog Vihar, Greater Noida, Distt. Gautam Budh Nagar. (UP). Pin-201306, B-2, Sector 63, Noida, Distt. Gautam Budh Nagar. (UP),
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BOARD: (011)23361234 ● EDITORIAL: (011)66561234 Extn. 1254, 1268 ● CIRCULATION: (011)66561111 ● ADVERTISING: (011)66561389 ● FAX: (011)66561270.
MANAGING EDITOR: SOUMYA BHATTACHARYA
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THE TRIBUNE
10 OPINION CHANDIGARH | FRIDAY | 29 DECEMBER 2017
E
VERY time the Punjab Cabi- into budget-making, unless it was a con-
net sits down to take deci- scious but not-so-clever ploy of deliver-
A lawful society cannot countenance terror sions, people end up losing ing tax blows later in the year to avoid
jobs, money, or institutions. budget-time howls of protests.
A
SPECIAL National Investigation Agency (NIA) Court has Last week it took decisions which In August the government had hiked
handed out a partial — though not complete — exoneration to have serious financial consequences. the market fee and the rural develop-
Sadhvi Pragya Singh Thakur and Lt Col Prasad Purohit in the The focus is on levying taxes rather ment fee by 1 per cent to mop up Rs 900
Malegaon blasts case. A blast on September 29, 2008, in a Muslim than curbing tax evasion, recovering crore. Now it has imposed an entertain-
locality of Malegaon had left six dead; it was found later that an dues, plugging leakages or cutting ment tax on cable and DTH connections.
improvised explosive device was kept in a motorbike, that once wasteful government expenditure. This is despite calculations of a 14 per
belonged to the Sadhvi. The allegation, the subsequent arrest, and tri- After deciding to close down some cent increase in the year-on-year Central
al of a saffron-clad “Sadhvi” spawned a narrative of “saffron terror”. 800 rural government schools the gov- tax devolution. Politician-run businesses
No less mysterious — and, no less alarming — was the involvement ernment plans to shut State-owned usually treated kindly. Builders have got
of Lt Col Purohit, a serving Army officer, in this unholy business. The thermal plants. Institutions, includ- an unexpected tax relief.
Malegaon blasts were suspected to be the handiwork of the same indi- ing those providing education and The decision on thermal plants has
viduals and outfits that were involved in the Samjhauta Express healthcare, are crumbling due to lack provoked protests. The power employ-
of financial support. AXE FALLS: After schools, Punjab has now decided to shut State-owned thermal plants. ees did not act to save their jobs when
blasts and the Ajmer Dargha explosions in 2007. Sadhvi Pragya, Puro-
The second decision was to tax cable politicians announced free power and
hit and others will still have to stand trial on terrorism charges.
connections and DTH services. The Congressmen have doubled the reim- tain had brushed aside Prime Minis- financially ruined their institution —
This “saffron terror” narrative became a bone of extreme contention need to replenish the coffers is under- bursement limit for MLAs’ treatment in ter Manmohan Singh’s advice on dis- and the State. They kept quiet when
between the UPA-II government and the BJP-led opposition forces, standable but taxes are partly used to hospitals outside the State. continuing free power. their colleagues colluded in power theft.
including the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and the Vishwa Hindu fund politics of appeasement and extrav- After the idea of having a liquor corpo- The royal descendant’s sudden The power subsidy does not much
Parishad. Investigations by various agencies and the subsequent legal agance, which has brought Punjab to its ration invited ridicule, they now plan to interest in things like environment benefit small farmers. A survey shows
entanglements that these “Hindu” groups faced provided a very pow- present condition. set up this high-sounding directorate of and climate change is interesting. that 81 per cent power subsidy benefi-
erful incentive for a regrouping of political forces against the UPA-II. The third decision was to establish a environment and climate change. On When air pollution politics played up ciaries are medium and well-off farm-
Continued provocations from the state-actors as well as non-state directorate to tackle industrial and the face of it, the directorate plan seems recently, he contemptuously ers. The Akalis spent Rs 715 crore on
actors in Pakistan only helped cement the emerging religious binary vehicular pollution, stubble burning, sensible. Who does not want to control shrugged off suggestions of stopping renovating the Bathinda plant and
in our national arguments. The UPA-II’s critics had no difficulty in climate change and environmental pollution or prepare the State to face the stubble burning, saying the State the Congressmen are closing it down.
stigmatising it with an anti-Hindu arrangement. The moniker stuck. clearances. It appears the successive challenge of climate change? could do little without Central aid. No protests when non-professional
The way to the 2014 Lok Sabha battle was clear. Punjab governments had been func- But the new environment saviours His government has remained decisions are taken. The money ear-
The political costs apart, post-2014 almost all the “saffron terror” tioning all these years without a seem to forget that the State already has unbothered by the deteriorating marked for power subsidy could have
mechanism to enforce the green laws a well-stocked department of science, quality of water, soil or air in the been used to upgrade machinery and
accused got some kind of relief. And, all that cast a shadow on the institu-
and protect the environment. environment and technology and a state State. The shorter point is: make do create additional power capacity.
tional reputation of our professional investigation agencies. The Maharash-
The Congress leadership has been council of science and technology. Then with what you have without adding to No better literate, but Haryana
tra ATS has a formidable reputation; as does the NIA. Both these agencies called upon to manage a sputtering there is a pollution control board, whose the present unmanageable adminis- politicians do not engage in free pow-
changed their tune with the change of government, reopening an old economy with an empty treasury, a er politics and the State’s power util-
debate whether investigation by Indian agencies is anchored in sound pro-
fessional ethics, or is it subject to political convenience of the day. Whatev-
mountain of debt and high public Punjab’s politicians and their loyalists at key positions lack the nerve ities are among those thriving. They
aspirations. Like his predecessor, cut supplies to areas where theft and
er be the domestic political considerations, the global community comes to Parkash Singh Badal, Capt Amarinder to take hard decisions. Without this, the State will be no better than it non-payment of bills are rampant.
take a sceptical view of our investigative agencies and their claims. Singh does not respect the recognised has been, and will, surely, sink deeper into the morass it finds itself in. Gujarat offers an example of how to
rules of governance and fiscal disci- . manage the power sector. Its power
pline. He too uses the State money for companies make profits while supply-
political benefit and personal projec- head is shifted every time it takes on a trative flab. The State has more ing round-the-clock power to house-
High hopes from Himachal tion, though his aberrations are rela-
tively minor like diverting funds
meant for livestock improvement to
polluting industry.
How a new directorate would be differ-
ent from the existing arrangement is
administrators at the top than it
needs or can afford.
Then there is a decision to set up a
holds and assured eight-hour supply
to farms. That is because Gujaratis
pay for it. Punjab’s politicians and
The challenge is to keep the consensus hold polo matches in Patiala, or not hard to understand. Climate change commission for empowerment of their loyalists at key positions lack
routing market fee and rural develop- handling does not require day-to-day, 5- farmers. Again, if Congressmen are the nerve to take hard decisions.
T
HE lack of parking space in Shimla is in keeping with the collaps- ment collections through the consoli- to-10 work. If the present setup does not unaware what farmer protests are all After bringing the State to a situation
ing traffic management in Indian hill towns. But on Wednesday, its dated fund to escape an audit scrutiny. show the desired results, an outside about or what can be done to rejuve- where it is now, the political class needs
prominent landmark, the Ridge, was unable to accommodate the Maybe he needs a better set of advis- expert with credible credentials can be nate stagnant agriculture, ask some- to have a rethink on competitive pander-
large fleet of helicopters that had arrived with VIPs for Jai Ram Thakur’s ers than those who have got the job for assigned the task. Or an environment one knowledgeable, consult some ing of vested interests and electoral con-
oath-taking ceremony as CM. Himachal’s salience is high in the eyes of the no reason other than enjoying his good- chair can be set up in some university. professor in PAU or read the volumi- stituencies. Those who understand and
Delhi dispensation; not only is it a bellwether state, the victor will form a will or assisting him in an election. Anyway, politicians in Punjab do nous reports of Dr MS Swaminathan. resist the trade-off of freebies for votes
Together, they end up taking irrational not listen to expert advice — be it on Yet another commission for farmers are in minority. That is a pity. Punjab
useful addendum to the Durbar’s narrative of a relentless march towards
decisions — like setting up a new com- free power, paddy cultivation or loan would produce little more than a requires a long-term vision to rise from
Congress-mukt Bharat: hence the presence of a CM from as far afield as
mission here or a directorate there, or waiver. They do what is in their per- monthly salary bill. the morass it has sunk into.
Assam. The loudest applause at the swearing-in ceremony was for UP CM just closing this or that organisation to sonal or political interest. In his pre- Very quietly the Finance Minister
Yogi Adityanath, suggesting that it will be a saffron-soaked dispensation. save money. Used to a life of luxury, vious term as Chief Minister the Cap- keeps pushing tax hikes or new taxes nirmalssandhu@gmail.com
Yet there are familiar challenges as well as emerging ones, all of
which are so complex that their partial solution requires total commit-
ment and allegiance to impartial and wholesome governance. The
tourist inflow is the biggest issue. A boon also becomes an ordeal for the
host and the visitor: this New Year’s celebration will provide a snapshot
of how its infrastructure gets scarred every holiday season. The rav-
aging of riverbeds to meet the explosion in construction has brought
distress to rural areas, because of soil infertility. For a government that
In an instant, it’s all love & wishes
has already washed its hands of providing jobs — unachievable anyway Shiv Sethi er amid this entire chaos of technolog- I nostalgically think of those days, Whatsapp, Facebook etc. The genuine
— it is critical to unclog the growth potential of the two mainstays of self- ical advancement is the refined emo- when a few weeks before the New loving feelings are absent.
employment: tourism and agriculture.
Dissension within the ranks has been the bane of the BJP even though
the high command is making a virtue out of the obligation to accommodate
every faction. Apart from the customary representation to Dhumal and
T HE old order changeth yield-
ing place to new’, is what Ten-
nyson says in his poem, The
Passing of Arthur. He expresses opti-
tion of love, which has now assumed
a different dimension.
As we are about to bid adieu to 2017
and ready to roll out a red carpet to
Year, we used to visit bookshops and
Archies galleries to carefully select
greeting cards for our loved ones.
The number of cards would barely
This change is also indicative in the
romantic world of lovers. Gone are the
charming days of writing love letters.
Again, courtesy to modern technolo-
mism over the fact that change is the 2018, the most wonderful invention cross eight or 10, but the intensity of gy, lovers now don’t need to write
Shanta Kumar loyalists, Jai Ram Thakur has also been compelled to law of nature. Indeed, the world we of technology — our smartphone — emotions involved in the process of their feelings on a piece of paper. And
accommodate MLAs with a marked aya raam gaya raam proclivity. It are living in is very different from will get flooded with a volley of New purchasing and sending cards used with this, the melodrama of love let-
remains to be seen whether the lower age profile of ministers will lead to the world of our forefathers. Ours is a Year messages. There will be an to be profoundly pleasant. The sensi- ters (written in blood sometimes!) has
the sinking of factional loyalties in favour of synergy, dynamism and team- technology-driven age. A complete unstoppable surge, a deadly deluge tive selection of lines inside the cards also come to a halt. Writing a love let-
work. Despite the decisive victory, the BJP will have to be mindful of the change seems to have set in the of messages with a ceaseless ‘ting would be a meticulous love-smeared ter was nothing short of creating an
fact that unsettled equations within have sunk its ship in the past. world order. tong’ of alert, indicating the process. And the handwritten words epic, but delivering it to its destina-
With the advent of technology, mod- mechanical side of human emotions. of genuine love inside the cards tion used to be a crafty skill, executed
ern life dons new hues. But in this People from ‘contact lists’ are not would sparkle with their unique in a furtive fashion!
colourful rainbow, not all shades selected meticulously for extending emotional sheen. Truly, the emotion of love is everlast-
Thought for the Day appeal to our eyes. In the desperate wishes. In fact, the fashion in which, But much to one’s dismay, now we ing, but the new modes of paying
pursuit of a comfortable life, mankind with one click, thousands of text hardly find anybody enjoying the obeisance at the feet of Cupid have
There is no more dangerous menace to civilisation than a government has left many a kindred concept to die messages are sent is akin to an pleasure of sending cards. Instead, the taken away much of the mushy joy
of incompetent, corrupt or vile men. — Ludwig von Mises their natural death. The worst suffer- onslaught from the enemy. card-posting custom has given way to that came with it.
Letters to the Editor, typed in double space, should not exceed the 200-word limit. These should be cogently written and can be sent by e-mail to: Letters@tribuneindia.com
THE TRIBUNE
CHANDIGARH | FRIDAY | 29 DECEMBER 2017 OPED 11
D
EBT in itself is value-neu-
tral: its purpose could be Recalibrate
good or bad. For instance, a Therefore, the government must not
person takes an education allow exogenous factors to dictate its
loan so that his child get an domestic policies. Conscious borrowing
engineering degree of an IIT, gets a cov- to boost growth and create jobs is a pru-
eted job and quickly settles the loan in dent policy, provided it is well targeted
five-six years. It is a good debt. Another and within the manageable limit.
person takes a loan for the marriage of The fiscal deficit target for the current
his child. Money is spent on pomp and year is 3.2 per cent of the GDP. It is as
show. Unable to repay from his income, per the Fiscal Responsibility and Bud-
he borrows at higher interest to service get Management (FRBM) Act, 2003. But
the debt, and thus falls into a vicious this target is neither inflexible nor
trap. It is certainly a bad loan. GST COLLECTION unprecedented. It was suspended for a
The same is applicable for a country. couple of years after the 2007 global eco-
Borrowing in itself is not bad if the Month Receipts (in ~Cr) nomic crisis. It is likely that the country
loan amount is meant for productive August 94,063 will miss the annual target this time for
use. Countries will, however, fall in the September 90,669 the first time after meeting the target
debt trap if they borrow for unproduc- consecutively in the last four years
tive purposes. It is often seen that gov- October 92,150 because of the two domestic disrup-
ernments borrow to lure voters by dis- November 83,346 tions. This year, it is expected to be
tributing freebies and largesse ahead December 80,808 around 3.4-3.5 per cent of the GDP.
of elections. Missing the fiscal deficit target is the
(Data indicate collections for the
preceding month)
worst nightmare of any finance minis-
The trigger ter because it is considered a blasphe-
The government has recently expressed my in the international peer group as
the desire to borrow an additional unpredictable policy regime, especially receipts grew by 14.4 per cent in first on a bull run. But the welfare of 125 well as in multilateral agencies.
~50,000 crore from the market in the cur- after demonetisation. Both need a trig- eight months of the current financial crore Indians cannot be sacrificed to Thankfully, FM Arun Jaitley has given
rent financial year. Although it has not ger to restart. And, this trigger will come year, they are not sufficient to recharge perk up the sentiments of a fraction of precedence to national interests over
explained the purpose of borrowing, it is from the government in the form of pub- the exhausted economy. speculators and stock traders who, any- personal reputation. The FM must,
understood that the money would be lic spending. way, bet on such risks. however, ensure that each penny of
invested to heal the badly wounded For that, the government will have to The outcry The threat of a downgrade by rating the public money is spent to heal the
economy. It is bleeding after the twin borrow as it is also the victim of the Analysts fear that the borrowing would agencies is another consequence of economy. It must not stray from the
blows — the demonetisation of Novem- squeeze due to the two disruptions. GST breach the fiscal deficit target, which additional borrowings. American credit path of prudence under political temp-
ber last year and the hasty rollout of collections are on a slide. They have would adversely impact the elite bond rating agency Moody's had kept India at tation, which is quite natural when it
GST on July 1, this year. dropped by 14 per cent to ~80,808 crore and equity markets. Indeed, as the the lowest investment grade for almost has to seek a fresh mandate in less
While, the backbone of the economy — in December compared to ~94,063 crore reaction to the news, there was a lack- 13 years after lifting it a notch above than 18 months.
the informal sector — is still in a bad in August — the first month of the new lustre trading at the Indian bourses on "junk" status in 2004. Did it make any
shape; private investors are weary of the tax regime. Although net direct tax Thursday, which have otherwise been difference to the country's economic rajeevj.tribune@gmail.com
Amarjit Bhullar
Decline of neoliberal economics
sary to understand the economic and costs of labour across the globe, except nomics, requires individual aspirational
Professor, University of Northern British social outcomes of the prevailing eco- for the executives; this ensures less and cosmopolitanism, often called neoliber-
Columbia, Canada nomic policies. less of the economic pie to workers and al cosmopolitanism. But political power
1 Rise in economic instability: There producers (especially producers of pri- emerges from nativist promises. The
P
RO-CAPITALISM economists, were over 100 crises in the last 35 mary products, like the farmers). challenge is to build a positive alterna-
triumphant after the fall of social- years, including the worldwide reces- As there is a disenchantment with the tive, not one that increases global and
ist block economies, have nomi- sion of 2008. Seventy per cent of the outcomes of mainstream economic poli- societal divisions. Some positive signals
nated neoliberal economics as the gains from these economic policies have cies, there are signs that more people in are already there.
lone mainstream economics theory. US accrued to developed countries. Forty- rich countries are no longer willing to After heavily relying on the disillusion-
political scientist Francis Fakuyama eight countries are left worse off while endure the status quo. It is interesting to ing neoliberal policies in the past and now
hailed the global triumph of political and only a few developing ones were posi- watch how the public in the developed alarmed by the rise of right wing populist
economic liberalism: "What we may be tively impacted. world is reacting to these outcomes. movements, European Union (EU) lead-
witnessing is the end point of mankind's
ideological evolution and the universali-
sation of Western liberal democracy as
2 Corporates are gaining: As per Oxfam,
eight men now own the amount of
wealth equal to the poorest half of the
There are broadly two kinds of responses:
that "I am unable to give you any further information than I have Endless, 11 Hisar 24 06
already done." A telegram to the Chief Secretary to the Governor Magenta, 13 2 8 6 Karnal 22 05
proved equally futile, for the Chief Secretary was directed by His Anomaly, 14 Sirsa 23 06
Excellency to reply that "he regrets that he is not prepared to reply". Vessel, 16 Palmy,
18 Ruddy. 3 9 1 HIMACHAL PRADESH
Dharamsala 16 06
A Maharaja’s Absurdity. Manali 11 -03
THE Maharaja Burdwan, whose social and educational services have Yesterday’s solution calendar Nahan 18 08
won for him the esteem of his fellow countrymen, has never been dis- Shimla 15 05
ACROSS 20 Capital of Tibet (5) 5 Spectacle (5) 5 9 1 4 2 7 3 6 8 December 29, 2017, Friday
tinguished for political matters. His speech as Chairman of the Recep- ■ Solan 20 03
1 Withstand (6) 22 Lustre (5) 6 Easily broken (7) 4 6 7 9 8 3 5 1 2 Vikrami Samvat 2074
tion Committee at the Zamindars' Conference in Calcutta will not, ■ Shaka Samvat 1939 JAMMU & KASHMIR
therefore, cause any surprise to anyone. He thinks that "whatever con- 4 Advantageous (6) 23 Enthusiastic reception (7) 7 Scattered rubbish (6) 3 2 8 1 5 6 7 9 4 ■ Posh Shaka 8 Jammu 22 08
cessions India may get will not satisfy those who are preaching the cult 9 Justify (7) 24 To moderate (6) 8 Police informer (5,6) ■ Posh Parvishte 15
2 3 9 7 6 5 8 4 1 ■ Leh 03 -13
Hijari 1439
of hate against the British or are out for wild innovations or a free rev- 10 Concede (5) 25 Young swan (6) 14 Alike all over (7) 8 5 4 3 9 1 2 7 6 ■ Shukla Paksha Tithi 11, Srinagar 12 -04
olution." Perhaps if he had gone through the wholesome discipline of 11 Inflexible (5) 15 Canadian city (7) up to 9.55 pm UTTARAKHAND
7 1 6 8 4 2 9 3 5 ■
attending a session of the Congress from start to finish he would have 12 Abnormally large (7) DOWN 16 Object aimed at (6) Sidh Yog up to 9.47 pm Dehradun 24 09
known better. It is possible to regard any change as wild innovation or 6 7 2 5 1 9 4 8 3 ■ Bharni Nakshatra up to 10.56 pm
13 Having suffered financial 1 Recompense (6) 17 Hard, richly figured wood (6) ■ Moon enters in Taurus sign
Mussoorie 17 05
a free revolution, depending upon the mental equipment of the critic. 9 8 5 6 3 4 1 2 7
loss (3,2,6) 2 Gesture of indifference (5) 19 Publication (5) at 4.55 am Nainital 16 06
1 4 3 2 7 8 6 5 9 ■ Putrda Ekadshi Vart TEMPERATURE IN OC
18 Permanent (7) 3 Contemptible person (2-3-2) 21 Foreign (5)
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मा
भेड़ की खाल ने
अ्दुकला यामीन अ्दुल फैलाना पड़ा, तयंधक मालदीव के म्यम आय फीसदी उस कजत का ्याज चुकाने मं चला जाता सकदयं तक दाकितान
गयूम की हाधलया चीनी वगत वाले देशं की रेणी मं आ जाने के कारण है। इससे मालदीव मं चीन को भारी बढ़त धमलेगी
यारा की मह्वपूणत घटना यूरोपीय संघ ने अपनी जीएसपी और धरयायती और मालदीव की संरभुता और आजादी कमजोर की इस अकलकखत
यह थी धक दोनं देशं के शुकक सुधविा बंद कर दी। उसकी रधत ्यधतत होगी। पुतक (पहाड़ी
बीच मुतत ्यापार समझौते आय अनुमाधनत ूप से 11,544 डॉलर है, जो भले ही यामीन दावा करते हं धक उनकी नीधत आदमी के कसर) की
(एफटीए) पर हथतािर ुआ। हालांधक इससे दधिण एधशया मं सबसे ्यादा है। हालांधक यूरोपीय मं भारत रथम है, लेधकन उनका कामकाज ठीक रिा की, उसे िमााया,
धनकट भधव्य मं चीन को कोई धवशेष रणनीधतक संघ के राजनधयकं का कहना है धक यह सुधविा इसके धवपरीत है। सिा संभालने के बाद उ्हंने उसे सहेजा। बुत
फायदा नहं होने वाला, लेधकन यह इस िारणा को मालदीव के म्थय धनयातत के धलए नहं बढ़ाई गई पहला काम जो धकया, वह यह धक माले हवाई कुछ तो सुरकित रह
मजबूती देती है धक मालदीव धहंद महासागर िेर थी, तयंधक वह िाधमतक थवतंरता के मामले मं अ्डट का जीएमआर अनुबंि र्द कर धदया। वह िया और हम तक
मं चीन के धलए एक रणनीधतक संपधि बनता जा ंतररा्िीय संधियं के अनुपालन मं धवफल रहा अनुबंि बाद मं एक चीनी कंपनी को धमला। उनके पुंच िया, लेककन बुत कुछ खो भी िया,
रहा है, जहां चीन अपनी उपधथथधत तेज करने के है। संकेत धमलता है धक मालदीव ने चीन के साथ वारा धलए गए सबसे मह्वपूणत फैसलं मं मालदीव राते मं भटक िया और हमेशा के कलए तबाह
धलए ृढ़ता से कोधशश कर रहा है। मालदीव जैसा मुतत ्यापार समझौते का फैसला उसके रधत के कुछ धनजतन वीपं को बेचना था। जब धवरोिी हो िया। कहा जाता है कक भूला और खोया
एक छोटा-सा देश, धजसकी अथत्यवथथा छोटी है, भारत की नीधत मं बदलाव के बाद धलया है, यानी दलं ने इस फैसले की आलोचना की, तो उ्हंने ुआ ही सबसे अछा और महान होता है।
तयं धकसी ऐसे देश को इस तरह का अनुधचत मालदीव के धवपिी नेता और पूवत रा्िपधत दावा धकया धक यह देश के आधथतक धवकास के
फायदा दे रहा है, जो आधथतक महाशधतत के ूप भले ही मालदीव के राष़़पनत दावा मोह्मद नाशीद के साथ भारत के खुलेआम धलए धकया गया है। लेधकन इस फैसले से जुड़ी
तयंकक जब हम ककवता सुनाते हं और कोई
एक पंकतत भूल जाते हं, तो हमं उसी की सबसे
मं उभरा है? करते हो़ नक उिकी िीनत मे़ भारत समथतन शुू करने के बाद। ये थप्टीकरण सही शतों ने थप्ट कर धदया धक यह चीन के धहत मं
अकिक जूरत महसूस होती है। जो कुछ
अनुमाधनत ूप से मालदीव की अथत्यवथथा नहं हं, तयंधक मालदीव ने अपनी धवदेश नीधत उठाया गया कदम था।
मार 3.6 अरब डॉलर की है। जबधक उसकी प़़थम है, लेनकि उिका कामकाज यामीन के शासन के तहत बुत जकदी बदल चीन और मालदीव के बीच एफटीए रातंरात बाकी बच िया है, जब मं उसे सुनता और
पढ़ता ूं, तो मेरा कदल कखल उठता है। मं सचे
जनसं्या करीब चार लाख है। सीधमत संसािनं ठीक इसके नवपरीत है। वह चीि के डाली। यामीन जानते हं धक वह मालदीव मं एक नहं ुआ। वाथतव मं मालदीव इसके धलए तभी
कदल से िरीब पहाड़ी लोिं को ियवाद देता
के कारण उसे धनरंतर ्यापार घाटा होता है। अवैि सरकार का नेतृ्व कर रहे हं, तयंधक उनके राजी हो गया था, जब 2014 मं चीनी रा्िपधत शी
मालदीव का सबसे रमुख धनयातत मछली है, जो नहत मे़ फैसला कर रहे है़। गठबंिन के साथी अब उनके साथ नहं हं और धजनधपंग ने इस देश का दौरा धकया था। वह चीनी ूं, जो हमारी अकलकखत पुतकं को अपनी
सकल घरेलू उ्पाद (जीडीपी) मं पांच फीसदी उनके साथ मालदीव के लोगं के बुमत का रा्िपधत की उस देश मं पहली यारा थी और ृदयं मं सहेजे रहे और उहं हमारे समय तक
का योगदान करती है। वहां की अथत्यवथथा मं आनंद कुमार समथतन नहं है। इसधलए ंतररा्िीय राजनीधतक उसका उ्देकय चीन की 21वं सदी की समुरी लाए। बुत कुछ कवमृत हो जाता है। सैकड़ं
मछली धनयातत का थथान पयतटन के बाद दूसरा है। और आधथतक सहयोग के धलए वह चीन और धसकक रोड के धलए मालदीव का समथतन हाधसल पंकततयं मं से केवल एक पंकतत बची रह जाती
मालदीव असल मं सभी चीजं का आयात करता सऊदी अरब के पि मं झुक गया है। करना था। शी धजनधपंग की वह यारा पूरी तरह है और अिर वह बची रह जाती है, तो हमेशा
है और इसका आयात धबल धपछले वषत 2.12 के धवपरीत उसने रा्ि के आधथतक धवकास के धलए अलग हो सकता है। जब रीलंका ने हंबनटोटा वहां के धवपिी दलं ने भी सरकार के तकफ को सफल रही और मालदीव ने न केवल समुरी के कलए। पुतक तो उस सूया की भांकत है,
अरब डॉलर था। वषत 2016 मं चीन से मालदीव जूरी आिारभूत संरचनां के धनमातण के धलए बंदरगाह और हवाई अ्डट बनाने के धलए कजत मानने से इ्कार कर धदया है और उनका मानना है धसकक रोड को अपनाया, बधकक उसने घोषणा की कजसने पवातं के पीछे से ऊपर उठकर घाटी
के आयात का अनुमान 32 करोड़ डॉलर था। कजत धलया। उसे उ्मीद है धक इन कजों के जधरये धलया था, तो वह भी सोचता था धक इससे देश मं धक समझौते पर हथतािर धबना संसदीय जांच के धक वह चीन के साथ मुतत ्यापार समझौते पर को रोशन कर कदया, ंिेरे और जहालत को
मालदीव का कहना है धक चीन के साथ उसका वह पुल, हवाई अ्डट, आवास और सड़क जैसी आधथतक समृधि आएगी। पर ऐसा नहं ुआ और जकदबाजी मं धकया गया है। उ्हं आशंका है धक बातचीत कर रहा है। अब मालदीव ने एफटीए पर
एफटीए पूरी तरह से ्यावसाधयक है और इसमं इससे देश चीन के कजत के जाल मं फंस जाएगा हथतािर करके अपना वायदा पूरा धकया है, इस कछन-कभन कर डाला।
पधरयोजनां का धवकास करेगा और कजत चुकाने वह कजत के जाल मं फंस गया।
कोई राजनीधतक त्व नहं है। उसका दावा है धक और धहंद महासागर िेर मं अधथथरता बढ़ेगी। पूवत आशंका के बावजूद धक वह रीलंका की तरह -मशूर ूसी उपयासकार
की मुकक की िमता का धवकास करेगा। सैिांधतक चीन के साथ एफटीए पर हथतािर करने के
रीलंका (धजसने तधमल उरवाद से लड़ने के धलए ूप से मालदीव सरकार का आशावाद सही हो पि मं कुछ और भी थप्टीकरण धदए गए हं। रा्िपधत मोह्मद नाशीद का कहना है धक कजत के जाल मं फंस जाएगा।
हधथयार खरीदने के धलए चीन से कजत धलया है) सकता है, पर ्यावहाधरक ूप से इसका नतीजा मालदीव के म्थय पालन एवं कृधष मंरी ने बताया मालदीव के धवदेशी ऋण मं सिर फीसदी धहथसा -लेखक आईडीएसए से जुड़े हं
हजरयाली और रासंंा
मंजिलें और भी हैं
दवजे़िर दसंह चौधरी
दवकास और पय़ाणवरर साथ-साथ आदित़य, ि़़ोफेसर
और दपकदनक
एटीएम सुरषा के साथ नि
मालयी रा्यं मं चल रहे धनमातण कायों,
जैसे-भवन, बांि, सड़कं का
चौड़ीकरण, ऑल वेदर रोड, रेल लाइन
उत़ऱ ाखंड और दहमाचल ि़ि़ श
े , िोनो़ जगह पय़ाणवरर की अनिेखी कर सड़क चौड़ीकरर और
दनम़ाणर काय़ण चल रहा है, जो खतरनाक है। दहमालयी राज़यो़ को अपने यहां दनम़ाणर काय़ो़ ़
आदि्य को रोफेसर ने समझाया दक जो
वततमान को अ्छी तरह नहं जी सकता,
वह भदव्य भी नहं बना सकता।
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