Collimated Plasma Jets

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NGC 315’s extragalactic jet. Credit: Optical image from the Digitized Second Palomar Sky Survey in blue; 20
centimeter-wavelength radio image from the Very Large Array in red.

Dec 13, 2018

Matter in the plasma state is electrically active.

According to a recent press release, collimated jets result from matter falling into the
putative gravity field of a black hole. As stellar matter orbits closer, it is said to accelerate,
causing violent collisions among the jet particles, generating X-rays and other high
frequency radiation. Eventually, somehow, the acceleration creates a powerful filamentary
jet. Hubble space telescope images show that jets form close to a star rather than in the
surrounding disk.

Astronomers sometimes see ionized particles and X-rays erupting from various stars.
Explaining them ranks as one of their most difficult tasks. As mentioned, the prevailing
theory is that dust and gas are energized by collisions as they orbit within a black hole’s
accretion disk. Gas and dust grains heating up as they orbit does not address the jets.
There is only one force that can hold a matter stream together over long distances:
electromagnetism. The only way to generate that electromagnetic confinement is with
electricity.
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On the other hand, as the announcement points out, astronomers do not understand
extragalactic jets. They resort to some fanciful models, like positron-electron plasma, as if
such a thing has ever existed on Earth. More than 99% of the visible Universe is in the
plasma state, created by ionizing hydrogen and helium: electron–ion plasmas are
ubiquitous in the Universe. Electron–positron plasma, a so-called fifth state of matter, is
said to exist near pulsars and black holes.

Irrespective of the flimsy ideas about antimatter particles, astrophysicists believe that
extragalactic jets disintegrate, forming radio plumes around the source galaxy. The irony in
the research team’s ideas is that they believe fluid dynamic instabilities cause disruption in
the plasma jets like those that form in flowing water.

Failing to realize that electric charge creates magnetic fields has led many physicists to
model plasma in space without considering electricity. Nobel laureate Hannes Alfvén noted
that plasma is “too complicated and awkward” for the tastes of mathematicians. It is “not
at all suited for mathematically elegant theories” and requires laboratory experiments.

Alfvén observed that the plasma Universe had become “the playground of theoreticians
who have never seen a plasma in a laboratory. Many of them still believe in formulae which
we know from laboratory experiments to be wrong”. He thought that the underlying
assumptions of cosmologists “are developed with the most sophisticated mathematical
methods and it is only the plasma itself which does not ‘understand’ how beautiful the
theories are and absolutely refuses to obey them”.

As previously written, stars are nodes in electric circuits. Their electromagnetic energy
could be stored in the equatorial current sheets surrounding them until some trigger event
causes them to switch into a polar discharge. The electric jet could receive its energy from
a natural particle-accelerator, a plasma double layer with a strong electric field. Toroidal
magnetic fields would form because of the polar plasma discharge, confining it into a
narrow channel.

Electric Universe advocate Wal Thornhill wrote:

“Plasma cosmology has one great advantage in that the phenomena are scaleable from
galaxies down to stars, planets and the lab. So it is possible to bring cosmology back down
to earth and do away with invisible dark matter, neutron stars, black holes and the Big
Bang. They are unnecessary when the electric force is a thousand trillion trillion trillion
times stronger than gravity!”

Stephen Smith

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