ANOVA FAMILY

1. ANOVA
i. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCE PROBLEMS AND TYPE OF
ORGANISATION(TO)

ANOVA
Finance Problem
Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
Between Groups 6.751 2 3.375 7.808 .000
Within Groups 171.626 397 .432
Total 178.377 399

ii. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCE PROBLEMS AND TYPE SCALE OF

OPERATION (SOU)

ANOVA
Finance Problem
Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
Between Groups 12.331 2 6.166 14.741 .000
Within Groups 166.046 397 .418
Total 178.377 399

iii. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCE PROBLEMS AND NATURE OF

ACTIVITY (NA)

ANOVA
Finance Problem
Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
Between Groups .745 2 .372 .832 .436
Within Groups 177.633 397 .447
Total 178.377 399
iv. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCE PROBLEMS AND MANUFACTURING
ACTIVITY (MA)

ANOVA
Finance Problem
Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
Between Groups 4.589 1 4.589 10.509 .001
Within Groups 173.788 398 .437
Total 178.377 399

v. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FINANCE PROBLEMS AND YEAR OF EXISTENCE

ANOVA
Finance Problem
Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Squares Square
Between Groups 2.481 3 .827 1.862 .135
Within Groups 175.896 396 .444
Total 178.377 399

2. FACTORIAL ANOVA
Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
TO 1 Sole Proprietorship 281
2 Partnership 64
3 Private Ltd 55
SOU 1 Micro 187
2 Small 177
3 Medium 36
NA 1 Manufacturing 335
2 Repair & Maintenance 22
3 Service 43
MA 1 Own Marketing 383
2 Sub-Contracting 17
 YE 1 Below 10 years 87
2 11 to 20 years 168
3 21 to 30 years 100
4 31 and above 45

OUTPUT

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent Variable:FinProb
Source Type III df Mean F Sig. Partial Noncen Observe
Sum of Square Eta t. d
Squares Square Parame Powerb
d ter
a
Corrected Model 46.619 55 .848 2.213 .000 .261 121.71 1.000
3
Intercept 440.572 1 440.57 1.150 .000 .770 1150.2 1.000
2 E3 63
D2TO 1.394 2 .697 1.820 .164 .010 3.641 .379
D3SOU .841 2 .421 1.098 .335 .006 2.196 .242
D6NA .994 2 .497 1.298 .274 .007 2.596 .281
D7MA 2.311 1 2.311 6.035 .015 .017 6.035 .688
D9YE 1.373 3 .458 1.195 .312 .010 3.584 .320
D2TO * D3SOU 1.711 3 .570 1.489 .217 .013 4.467 .393
D2TO * D6NA .032 2 .016 .042 .959 .000 .085 .056
D2TO * D7MA 2.776 2 1.388 3.624 .028 .021 7.248 .668
D2TO * D9YE 7.747 6 1.291 3.371 .003 .056 20.227 .939
D3SOU * D6NA 1.041 2 .521 1.359 .258 .008 2.718 .292
D3SOU * D7MA .148 2 .074 .194 .824 .001 .387 .080
D3SOU * D9YE 3.808 6 .635 1.657 .131 .028 9.943 .631
D6NA * D7MA .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D6NA * D9YE 2.198 5 .440 1.148 .335 .016 5.740 .408
D7MA * D9YE 1.019 3 .340 .887 .448 .008 2.661 .244
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D6NA
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA
D2TO * D3SOU * 5.297 6 .883 2.305 .034 .039 13.830 .798
D9YE
D2TO * D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA
D2TO * D6NA * .054 1 .054 .141 .708 .000 .141 .066
D9YE
D2TO * D7MA * 2.042 1 2.042 5.332 .022 .015 5.332 .634
D9YE
 D3SOU * D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA
D3SOU * D6NA * 1.933 3 .644 1.683 .170 .014 5.048 .440
D9YE
D3SOU * D7MA * .292 1 .292 .761 .383 .002 .761 .140
D9YE
D6NA * D7MA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D9YE
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D6NA * D7MA
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D6NA * D9YE
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA * D9YE
D2TO * D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA * D9YE
D3SOU * D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA * D9YE
D2TO * D3SOU * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D6NA * D7MA *
D9YE
Error 131.759 344 .383
Total 4641.571 400
Corrected Total 178.377 399
a. R Squared = .261 (Adjusted R
Squared = .143)
b. Computed using alpha = .05

RESULTS OF MEAN FOR ONE-WAY ANOVA, FACTORIAL ANOVA AND

FACTORIAL ANCOVA FOR FINANCE PROBLEMS
Sl. Variables One-way Factorial Factorial ANCOVA
No ANOVA ANOVA
Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE EES OP
1 Sole Prop. 3.36 0.038 3.40 0.073 3.33 0.372
Type of Partnership 3.52 0.086 3.53 0.103 3.51 0.153 0.03 0.83
Organization Pvt. 3.05 0.094 3.29 0.122 3.05 0.134
2 Micro 3.23 0.042 3.36 0.089 3.23 0.092 0.05 0.99
Scale of Small 3.52 0.054 3.48 0.078 3.52 0.671
Operation Medium 3.00 0.109 2.30 0.139 3.00 0.125
3 Manufac. 3.35 0.038 3.44 0.063 3.32 0.076
 Nature of Rep. & 3.16 0.110 3.14 0.171 3.19 0.163 0.00 0.19
Activity Main
Service 3.34 0.086 3.43 0.141 2.94 0.016
4 Manufacturin Own Mark 3.32 0.034 3.31 0.055 3.36 0.061 0.01 0.59
g Activity Sub- 3.85 0.121 3.83 0.095 3.79 0.196
Contra
5 Below 10 3.22 0.072 3.42 0.105 3.33 0.017
Year of 11 to 20 3.39 0.047 3.43 0.095 3.35 0.079 0.00 0.18
Existence 21 to 30 3.30 0.069 3.17 0.101 3.25 0.012
31& above 3.47 0.120 3.66 0.151 4.14 0.162
Source: Author Calculation

PERCEPTIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON FINANCIAL PROBLEMS

Sl. No Variables ANOVA Factorial ANOVA Factorial

ANCOVA
P-value Result P-value Result P- Result
value
1 Type of Organization 0.000 Reject 0.164 Accept 0.006 Reject
2 Scale of Operation 0.000 Reject 0.335 Accept 0.000 Reject
3 Nature of Activity 0.436 Accept 0.274 Accept 0.441 Accept
4 Manufacturing 0.001 Reject 0.015 Reject 0.029 Accept
Activity
5 Year of Existence 0.135 Accept 0.312 Accept 0.596 Accept

With alpha level of 0.05 the Factorial ANCOVA has conducted for explanatory
variables, scale of operation, type of organization, nature of activity, manufacturing
activity and year of existence on the financial problem facing. The explanatory
variables nature of activity (F – 0.821, df - 2, p = 0.441) and year of existence (F –
0.630, df - 3, p = 0.596) accept the null hypothesis. What they indicates? The
different groups comes under the exogenous variables nature of activity
(manufacturing=3.32, repairs and maintenance=3.19, services =2.94) and year of
existence (first generation, mean value=3.33, second mean =3.35, third mean=3.25
and fourth mean= 4.14) unanimously agreeing the statement that they are facing
financial problems. The other variables scale of operation (F – 10.810, df - 2, p –
value = 0.000) type of organization (F – 5.219, df - 2, p – value = 0.006) and
manufacturing activity (F – 4.799, df - 1, p – value = 0.029) are rejecting the null
hypothesis informing that among the group, there is a differences. In all the groups
comes under five explanatory variables, accept or reject the null hypothesis, their
differences in the perceptions are on the agreeing or strongly agreeing the
statements meaning that the respondents unanimously agreeing the statements that
they are facing financial problems.

3. FACTORIAL ANCOVA (1ST TWO VARIABLES)

Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
Type of Organisation 1 Sole Proprietorship 281
2 Partnership 64
3 Private Ltd 55
Scale of Operation 1 Micro 187
2 Small 177
3 Medium 36

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent
Variable:FinProb
Source Type III df Mean F Sig. Partial Eta Noncent. Observ
Sum of Square Squared Parameter ed
Squares Powerb
Corrected 19.771a 8 2.471 6.093 .000 .111 48.741 1.000
Model
Intercept 1035.997 1 1035.99 2.554 .000 .867 2553.971 1.000
7 E3
Sales .430 1 .430 1.061 .304 .003 1.061 .177
D2TO 4.234 2 2.117 5.219 .006 .026 10.437 .830
D3SOU 8.770 2 4.385 10.81 .000 .052 21.620 .990
0
D2TO * 1.379 3 .460 1.133 .336 .009 3.399 .305
D3SOU
Error 158.606 391 .406
Total 4641.571 400
Corrected 178.377 399
Total
a. R Squared = .111 (Adjusted R Squared
= .093)
b. Computed using alpha = .05

NEXT THREE VARIABLES

Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
Nature of Activity 1 Manufacturing 335
2 Repair & 22
Maintenance
3 Service 43
Manufacturing Activity 1 Own Marketing 383
2 Sub-Contracting 17
Year of Existence 1 Below 10 years 87
2 11 to 20 years 168
3 21 to 30 years 100
4 31 and above 45

OUTPUT

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent
Variable:FinProb
Source Type III df Mean F Sig. Partial Noncent. Observed
Sum of Square Eta Parameter Powerb
Squares Squared
Corrected 9.536a 15 .636 1.446 .123 .053 21.688 .853
Model
Intercept 426.317 1 426.317 969.584 .000 .716 969.584 1.000
Sales .035 1 .035 .080 .777 .000 .080 .059
D6NA .722 2 .361 .821 .441 .004 1.643 .191
D7MA 2.110 1 2.110 4.799 .029 .012 4.799 .589
D9YE .830 3 .277 .630 .596 .005 1.889 .182
D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA
D6NA * 1.462 5 .292 .665 .650 .009 3.325 .241
D9YE
D7MA * .505 3 .168 .383 .765 .003 1.150 .126
D9YE
D6NA * .000 0 . . . .000 .000 .
D7MA *
D9YE
Error 168.841 384 .440
Total 4641.571 400
Corrected 178.377 399
Total
a. R Squared = .053 (Adjusted R Squared =
.016)
b. Computed using alpha = .05