Practice Test 3: Level 1 329

.................................................................

............................................................................................
answers
ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS

1. C 11. A 21. A 31. B 41. B

2. B 12. E 22. C 32. E 42. D
3. A 13. B 23. D 33. C 43. E
4. E 14. C 24. B 34. B 44. A
5. D 15. A 25. C 35. D 45. C
6. C 16. D 26. A 36. B 46. D
7. B 17. E 27. D 37. C 47. B
8. C 18. C 28. E 38. D 48. B
9. E 19. D 29. D 39. D 49. B
10. B 20. C 30. C 40. A 50. D

1. The correct answer is (C). 5x 1 3x 5 2x 1 7x 2 5

5x 1 3x 2 2x 2 7x 5 25
2x 5 5
x55
2. The correct answer is (B). We have been given that t 5 2
(t 2 4)(t 1 3) 5 (2 2 4)(2 1 3) 5 210
3. 3
The correct answer is (A). We have .
2
~x 2 1!2
2 ~x 2 1!2
Dividing 3 by is the same as multiplying it by , which is the inverse of
~x 2 1!2 2
2
~x 2 1!2
Thus, we get

3
2
5 ~3! S
~x 2 1!2
2
5 D
3~x 2 1!2
2
~x 2 1!2
4. The correct answer is (E). To solve this problem, we make use of the formula of
“Difference of Squares.” We have

~x 1 y 2 2!~x 1 y 1 2!
5 ~~x 1 y! 2 2!~~x 1 y! 1 2!
5 ~x 1 y!2 2 ~2!2
5 ~x 1 y!2 2 4
5. The correct answer is (D). In this problem, we note that 9x2 can be written as 3(3x2).
Thus, our original problem becomes
(9x2)2 5 (3(3x2))2 5 (3(5))2 5 225

www.petersons.com
 330 PART IV: Four Practice Tests
.................................................................

............................................................................................
6. The correct answer is (C). Looking at the figure below, we see that the coordinates of
point D are (6, 1) and those of B are (1, 6). This gives us the coordinates of point C as
(6, 6).

7. The correct answer is (B). To calculate the point of intersection of a curve with the
y-axis, we note that the point of intersection has its x-coordinate 5 0. Using this
information, we plug in x 5 0 in the equation of the curve. Thus, we have

3x 2 2y 1 6 5 0
⇒ 3~0! 2 2y 1 6 5 0
⇒y53
8. The correct answer is (C). Let the number of apples in bag C be n. Then, bag B

n
contains and bag A contains
n
3 SD
apples. We have been given that bag A contains
3 2

30 apples. Therefore,
n
3SDn
5 5 30, which tells us that the value of n 5 180.
2 6
9. The correct answer is (E). Let the number be x. Then, ~=x!3 5 27. Solving for x, we
1
have x 5 ~273!2 5 9.
10. The correct answer is (B). In this problem, we use the property of “alternate angles”
for a pair of parallel lines, which states that alternate angles formed by a line
intersecting a pair of parallel lines are congruent. Thus, m∠m 5 60°.
11. The correct answer is (A). We can solve this problem in two ways. One way is to solve
the pair of equations simultaneously. Subtracting the first equation from the second
equation gives us y 5 2. Plugging back that value of y in the first equation, we get
x 5 5 2 y 5 5 2 2 5 3. The other way is to see that x 1 2y 5 7 can be written as
(x 1 y) 1 y 5 7.
Now, we know that x 1 y 5 5. Therefore, we have (5) 1 y 5 7 ⇒ y 5 2. We can get the
value of x, as in the above case.

www.petersons.com
 Practice Test 3: Level 1 331
.................................................................

............................................................................................
answers
12. The correct answer is (E). We have been given that 2x 1 y 1 3x 5 2y. We need to cal-
culate the value of x 1 y. Now,

2x 1 y 1 3x 5 2y
⇒ 5x 1 y 5 2y
⇒ 5x 5 y
⇒ 5x 1 x 5 y 1 x
⇒ x 1 y 5 6x
13. The correct answer is (B). f(x) 5 2x 2 1. To get the value of f(2.2), we plug in x 5 2.2
for x in the above function. Thus, f(2.2) 5 2(2.2) 2 1 5 3.4.
14. The correct answer is (C). We are given the value of sinu. To obtain the value of cosu,
we use the trigonometric identity sin2u 1 cos2u 5 1.

This gives us cos2u 5 (1 2 sin2u) ⇒ cosu 5 =~1 2 sin2u!.

Thus, cosu 5 =1 2 ~0.6!2 5 0.8.
15. The correct answer is (A). In this problem, we note that the left side of the equation,
23 • 22, is the same as 23 1 2, which is equal to 25. Thus, we have 25 5 2k. Equating the
exponents, we have k 5 5.
16. 1
The correct answer is (D). We have been given a function f(x), such that f(x) 5. To
x2
find f(2x 2 3), we plug in (2x 2 3) for x in the given function. Thus, f~2x 2 3! 5
1
.
~2x 2 3!2
17. The correct answer is (E). The percentage increase in income is given by the increase
in income over the original income times 100. Thus, if $60 is the original income and
$72 is the new income, the net increase in income is ($72 2 60) 5 $12.

Therefore, the percentage increase in income is SD

12
60
100 5 20%.

18. The correct answer is (C). If ?f(x)? 5 k, that means either f(x) 5 k or 2f(x) 5 k. Thus,
for the given problem, we have
?(x 2 3)? . 2

⇒ ~x 2 3! . 2 or 2~x 2 3! . 2
⇒x.5 or 2x 1 3 . 2
⇒x.5 or 2x . 21
⇒x.5 or x,1

www.petersons.com
 332 PART IV: Four Practice Tests
.................................................................

............................................................................................
19. The correct answer is (D). To calculate the cost of wrapping the box, we need to first
find the total amount of wrapping paper needed to wrap the box. That will be the same
as the surface area of the box. The surface area of the box is twice the sum of the area
of the three rectangles that make up the box. The dimensions of the rectangles are 100
3 50, 100 3 20, and 50 3 20, all in cm. Thus, the surface area of the box is

2~100 3 50! 1 2~100 3 20! 1 2~50 3 20!

5 16,000 cm.sq.
5 1.6 meter sq.
The cost of wrapping would be the cost per sq. meter of wrapping times the area to be
wrapped in sq. meters. Therefore, the cost of wrapping 5 (1.2)(1.6) 5 $1.92.
20. The correct answer is (C). Let $x be the price of each peach. Then the price of
5 peaches is $5x, which is given to us as $7.50. Equating the two values, we have:
5x 5 7.50, which gives us x 5 1.50. Hence, the price of 8 peaches will be 8x 5 8(1.5) 5
$12.00.
21. The correct answer is (A). A mixture of two compounds, A and B, contains 30% A.
Therefore, in a mixture that weighs 30 mg, the quantity of compound A will be 30% of
30 mg, which is equal to 0.3(30) 5 9 mg.
22. The correct answer is (C). We need to find the equation of line A, given that it is
parallel to the line y 5 3x 2 6, and it cuts the y-axis at point (0, 4). Now, if line A is
parallel to a given line, it has the same slope as the line, which is 3 (comparing the
equation of the line with y 5 mx 1 b, where m 5 slope of the line and b is the
y-intercept). The line A cuts the y-axis at point (0, 4), which means its y-intercept is 4.
Thus, the equation of line A is y 5 3x 1 4.
23. The correct answer is (D). In this problem, we observe that triangle BCD is a
right-angled triangle, with BD as the hypotenuse.

Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have

(BD)2 5 (BC)2 1 (CD)2 5 (6)2 1 (6)2 5 72
⇒ (BD) 5 =72 5 6=2
24. The correct answer is (B). Here, we use the property of triangles, which says that the
sum of all the measures of the internal angles in a triangle is 180°. Also, since AB 5 AC,
we know that m∠ABC 5 m∠ACB 5 55°. Then, we have m∠ABC 1 m∠ACB 1 m∠BAC
5 180° ⇒ m∠BAC 5 180 2 55 2 55 5 70°.

www.petersons.com
 Practice Test 3: Level 1 333
.................................................................

............................................................................................
answers
25. The correct answer is (C). Since the regular hexagon is made up of 6 equilateral
triangles, (AB) 5 (BC) 5 (CD) 5 (DE) 5 (EF) 5 (FA) 5 (OA) 5 3 cm.
The perimeter of the hexagon 5 l(AB) 1 l(BC) 1 l(CD) 1 l(DE) 1 l(EF) 1 l(FA) 5 18 cm.
26. The correct answer is (A). We draw the following figure for this problem.

Here, triangle OAB is a right-angled triangle, with OA as the hypotenuse. The height
that the person goes to after driving 5 meters along the elevated driveway is AB, which
can be obtained by using the definition of sine of an angle.

AB
sin 30 5
OA
AB
⇒ 0.5 5
5
⇒ AB 5 0.5~5! 5 2.5 m
27. The correct answer is (D). Since the line segment is horizontal, the y-coordinate of its
end points are going to be the same as that of the midpoint. Let (a, 22) and (b, 22) be
the end points of the line segment.
One way to obtain the values of a and b would be to observe that since the length of the
8 8
line segment is 8 and (3, 22) is the midpoint, a 5 (3 2 ) and b 5 (3 1 ).
2 2
Thus, we have the two end points as (21, 22) and (7, 22).
The other way to get the values of a and b would be to form a pair of equations and solve
them simultaneously for a and b.
Since (3, 22) is the midpoint of (a, 22) and (b, 22) and the length of the line segment is
8 units, we have the following two relations between a and b

a1b
5 3, and b 2 a 5 8
2
Solving them simultaneously, we get a 5 21 and b 5 7.

www.petersons.com
 334 PART IV: Four Practice Tests
.................................................................

............................................................................................
28. The correct answer is (E). In the given circle, triangle OAB forms a right-angled
triangle with AB as the hypotenuse. Since the radius of the circle is 4 units,
OA 5 OB 5 4.

Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have

~AB!2 5 ~OA!2 1 ~OB!2 5 16 1 16 5 32

⇒ ~AB! 5 =32 5 5.656 units
29. The correct answer is (D). If r is the radius of a circle and x is the angle subtended by
an arc of the circle at the center, the length of that arc, L, is given as

x
L5 ~2pr!
360
Thus, for a circle with radius 5, the length of an arc that subtends an angle of 45° at the
45
center is L 5 ~2p!~5! 5 3.93 units.
360
30. The correct answer is (C). The volume of the given solid can be obtained by
calculating the volume of the cone with a base radius of 3 and a height of 20 and
subtracting from it the volume of the cone base radius of 1.5 and a height of 10.
1
The volume of a cone base radius r and height h is given as V 5 pr2h. Therefore, the
3
required volume is V 5 (Volume of the bigger cone) 2 (Volume of the smaller cone).

1 1
V 5 p~3!2~20! 2 p~1.5!2~10! 5 164.93
3 3

www.petersons.com
 Practice Test 3: Level 1 335
.................................................................

............................................................................................
answers
1
31. The correct answer is (B). The area of triangle ABC is (AC)(BC). We need to get the
2
lengths of sides AB and BC of the triangle. It is given that triangle ABC is a
right-angled triangle with AB as a diameter of the circle. That implies that AC 5 BC
and that AB is the hypotenuse of the triangle.

Now, (AB) 5 10=2, since the radius 5 5=2. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have

~AB!2 5 ~AC!2 1 ~BC!2 5 2~AC!2

⇒ ~10=2!2 5 2~AC!2
⇒ ~AC! 5 10 5 ~BC!
1
Therefore, the area of the triangle is (AC)(BC) 5 50 units.
2
32. The correct answer is (E).

Î 2
3
5 5 S DS== D
=2 =2
=3 =3
3
3
5
=~2!~3! =6
5
=~3!~3! 3
.

33. The correct answer is (C). We have a total of 10 options for the first position, 26
options for the second position, and 10 options for the third position of the combination.
For each of the 10 options of the first position, we have 26 unique options for the second
position, and for each of those options, we have 10 unique options for the third position.
Thus, the total number of unique combinations possible are (10)(26)(10) 5 2,600.
34. The correct answer is (B). An ant traverses a circular path in 12 seconds; that is, it
covers a complete 360° in 12 seconds. Therefore, in 2 seconds it will cover a total of
2
~360! 5 60°.
12
35. The correct answer is (D). Here, we use the definition of a tangent of an angle. We
have
x
tan35 5 ⇒ x 5 12~tan35! 5 12~0.7! 5 8.40
12
36. The correct answer is (B). In this problem, we have been given a(t) 5 16t2 1 100t 1 75.
We need to find the value of a(5), which is the acceleration after 5 seconds. Thus,
a(5) 5 16(5)2 1 100(5) 1 75 5 975
37. The correct answer is (C). We first multiply out the given expression and then use
the trigonometric identity sin2u 1 cos2u 5 1 to simplify our expression. Thus, we have
(sinu 1 cosu)2 5 sin2u 1 2sinucosu 1 cos2u 5 1 1 2 sinucosu.

www.petersons.com
 336 PART IV: Four Practice Tests
.................................................................

............................................................................................
38. The correct answer is (D). We have been given that triangles ABC and CED are
similar. By the property of similar triangles, we have

AB BC AC x 3
5 5 ⇒ 5 .
CE ED CD y 4
39. The correct answer is (D). Since f(x) 5 (1 1 2x)2 is a square function, the least value
1
it can take is a zero, it does take this value at x 5 2 . Also, for x 5 2, the function takes
2
the value f(2) 5 (1 1 2 • 2)2 5 25.
40. The correct answer is (A). The shortest distance between the two towns can be found
using the distance formula, which gives the shortest distance between two points (a1,
b1) and (a2, b2) as

D 5 =~a2 2 a1!2 1 ~b2 2 b1!2.

Thus, the distance between the two towns having coordinates (3, 5) and (8, 11) using the
distance formula is

D 5 =~8 2 3!2 1 ~11 2 5!2 5 =61.

41. The correct answer is (B). This problem can be solved using the formula of
exponential growth, which is A 5 P~1 1 r!t, where A 5 the final amount, P 5 the initial
amount, r 5 the rate of growth, and t 5 the total time.
Thus, for our problem, we have

A 5 5,000~1 1 0.04!10 5 7,401 ' 7,400.

42. The correct answer is (D). The sum of all the measures of the internal angles of a
quadrilateral is 360°. This gives us p 1 q 1 r 1 s 5 360.
Now, if (r 1 s) 5 360 2 (p 1 q) or p 5 70 and 90 , q , 150.
If q 5 90, then (r 1 s) 5 360 2 (70 1 90) 5 200, and
If q 5 150, then (r 1 s) 5 360 2 (70 1 150) 5 140.
Thus, we see that the value of (r 1 s) lies between 140 and 200.
43. The correct answer is (E). The first bucket gets 1 marble. The second bucket gets
twice of the first one, which is 22 2 1 marbles. The third bucket gets 2(2) marbles, which
is 23 2 1 marbles. The fourth bucket gets 8 marbles, which is the same as 24 2 1. Thus, we
observe that the nth bucket will get 2n 2 1 marbles.

www.petersons.com
 Practice Test 3: Level 1 337
.................................................................

............................................................................................
answers
44. The correct answer is (A). In this problem, by symmetry, we have AX 5 BX, which
means that triangle AXB is an isosceles triangle. Thus, if the perimeter of the triangle
is 36 and AB 5 10 (since AB is the diameter of the circle of radius 5), then we have
AX 1 BX 1 AB 5 36, which gives us AX 5 BX 5 13.

Now, to find the height of the cylinder, we observe that triangle OXB is a right-angled
triangle. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have OX 5 12.
Thus, the height of the cylinder is 12.
45. The correct answer is (C). To find f(g(t)), we simply plug in g(t) 5 t 1 1 for x in
the function f(x) 5 x2 1 2x 2 1. Thus, f(g(t)) 5 f(t 1 1) 5 (t 1 1)2 1 2(t 1 1) 2 1 5
t2 1 4t 1 2.
46. The correct answer is (D). There are a total of (3 1 4 1 5) 5 12 balls. Of these, there
are a total of (3 1 4) 5 7 white or red balls. Thus, the probability of drawing a red or
7
white ball is .
12
x2 y2
47. The correct answer is (B). The equations of asymptotes to a hyperbola 2 2 2 5 1
a b
b b
are y 5 x and y 5 2 x.
a a
x2 y2 5 5
Thus, the equations of asymptotes to the hyperbola 2 5 1 are y 5 x and y 5 2 x.
36 25 6 6
48. The correct answer is (B). The mean of a set of numbers is defined as the average
value of the set, whereas the median of a set of numbers is defined as the value of the
number in the middle of the set. If any one number in the set is changed, the value of
the mean changes, but the median need not.
In this case, since the number with the greatest value is increased, the mean changes,
but the median remains the same.
49. The correct answer is (B). Since sin2u 1 cos2u 5 1, the problem simplifies to (1 2 4)2
5 9. Here, we notice that the value of sinu 5 0.63 has been given to mislead us.
50. The correct answer is (D). Using the property of exponents, we have (a2)3 1 (b2)(b3)
5 a2(3) 1 b2 1 3 5 a6 1 b5.

www.petersons.com