AS IEC 61025—2008

IEC 61025, Ed. 2.0 (2006)

Reconfirmed 2018
AS IEC 61025—2008

Australian Standard®

Fault tree analysis (FTA)

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 This Australian Standard® was prepared by Committee QR-005, Dependability. It was
approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 16 June 2008.
This Standard was published on 28 July 2008.

The following are represented on Committee QR-005:

• AirServices Australia
• Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
• Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association
• Australian Industry Group
• Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation
• Australian Organisation for Quality
• Certification Interests (Australia)
• Department of Defence (Australia)
• Energy Networks Association
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• Engineers Australia
• The University of New South Wales

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 08034.

Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that
contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the
Committee and through the public comment period.

Keeping Standards up-to-date

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systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions
are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued.

Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are
using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been
published since the Standard was published.

Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendments and new projects can
be found by visiting www.standards.org.au

Standards Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to

notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Contact us via email at
mail@standards.org.au, or write to Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001.
 AS IEC 61025–2008 (Reconfirmed) 2018-08-24

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

RECONFIRMATION
OF
AS IEC 61025–2008
Fault tree analysis (FTA)

RECONFIRMATION NOTICE

Technical Committee QR-005 has reviewed the content of this publication and in
accordance with Standards Australia procedures for reconfirmation, it has been
determined that the publication is still valid and does not require change.

Certain documents referenced in the publication may have been amended since the
original date of publication. Users are advised to ensure that they are using the latest
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version online.

versions of such documents as appropriate, unless advised otherwise in this

Reconfirmation Notice.

Approved for reconfirmation in accordance with Standards Australia procedures for

reconfirmation on 23 July 2018.

The following are represented on Technical Committee QR-005:

Asset Management Council
Australian Industry Group
Department of Defence (Australian Government)
Engineering New Zealand
Independent Transport Safety & Reliability Regulator
Institution of Occupational Safety and Health
National Road Carriers Association (NZ)
New Zealand Institute of Safety Management
Professionals Australia
Risk Engineering Society
Risk Management Institute of Australasia
RiskNZ
The University of New South Wales
University of Wollongong
This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version online.

NOTES
 AS IEC 61025—2008

Australian Standard®

Fault tree analysis (FTA)

This is a free 7 page sample. Access the full version online.

First published as AS IEC 61025—2008.

COPYRIGHT
© Standards Australia
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written
permission of the publisher.
Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
ISBN 0 7337 8836 X
 ii

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee QR-005, Dependability.
The objective of this Standard is to describe fault tree analysis and provide guidance on its
application to reliability modelling.
This Standard is identical with, and has been reproduced from IEC 61025 Ed.2.0 (2006), Fault
tree analysis (FTA), which is part of a suite of Standards developed by the IEC Technical
Committee IEC/TC 56, Dependability, and is suitable for use in conjunction with the
AS IEC 60300 series of dependability management Standards.
As this Standard is reproduced from an International Standard, the following applies:
(a) Its number does not appear on each page of text and its identity is shown only on the
cover and title page.
(b) In the source text ‘this International Standard’ should read ‘this Australian Standards’.
(c) A full point should be substituted for a comma when referring to a decimal marker.
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The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ are used to define the application of the annex to
which they apply. A normative annex is an integral part of a standard, whereas an informative
annex is only for information and guidance.
 iii

CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... iv

1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................... 1
4 Symbols ........................................................................................................................... 4
5 General ............................................................................................................................ 5
5.1 Fault tree description and structure ......................................................................... 5
5.2 Objectives............................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Applications ............................................................................................................ 6
5.4 Combinations with other reliability analysis techniques ........................................... 7
5.4.1 Combination of FTA and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) ........... 7
5.4.2 Combination of FTA and event tree analysis (ETA) ..................................... 7
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5.4.3 Combination of FTA and Markov analysis.................................................... 8

5.4.4 Combination of FTA and binary decision diagram (BDD) techniques ........... 8
5.4.5 Combination with the reliability block diagram ............................................. 8
6 Development and evaluation ............................................................................................ 9
6.1 General considerations ........................................................................................... 9
6.1.1 Overview ..................................................................................................... 9
6.1.2 Concepts and combinations of events and states ........................................ 9
6.1.3 Fault tree for investigation of faults leading to other faults or events ........... 9
6.1.4 FTA use in reliability assessment and improvement during product
development ............................................................................................. 10
6.2 Required system information................................................................................. 11
6.3 Fault tree graphical description and structure........................................................ 12
7 Fault tree development and evaluation ........................................................................... 13
7.1 General................................................................................................................. 13
7.2 Scope of analysis.................................................................................................. 13
7.3 System familiarization ........................................................................................... 13
7.4 Fault tree development ......................................................................................... 13
7.5 Fault tree construction .......................................................................................... 14
7.5.1 Fault tree format ....................................................................................... 14
7.5.2 Use of quantitative (Method B) FTA in system or product
development for reliability improvement .................................................... 14
7.5.3 Construction procedure ............................................................................. 22
7.5.4 Fault tree evaluation ................................................................................. 23
7.5.5 Examples of a simple hardware evaluation using Boolean algebra
and its representation by a fault tree ......................................................... 25
7.6 Failure rates in fault tree analysis ......................................................................... 30
8 Identification and labelling in a fault tree ........................................................................ 31
9 Report............................................................................................................................ 32
Annex A (informative) Symbols............................................................................................ 33
Annex B (informative) Detailed procedure for disjointing...................................................... 40
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AS IEC 61025-2008 (R2018) Fault tree analysis

(FTA)
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