Minolta Meter

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E INSTRUCTION
MANUAL
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Tne Minolta Flash Meter V is a highly advancedyet simple-to-useexposuremeter for

me a sur ingbot h f las ha n d a mb i e n tl i g h ts o u rc e s .
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I t f e a t u r e sa n i n t e l l i g e n tA U T O m o d e w h i c h i s s u i t a b l ef o r m o s t m e a s u r e m e n t s ,
a u tom at ic ally det er mi n i n gw h e th e rth e l i g h ts o u rc ei s ambi entor fl ash l i ght.
o S e p a r a t em o d e s s p e c i f i c a l l yf o r a m b i e n t a n d f l a s h l i g h t a r e a l s o p r o v i d e d . F o r
a mbient - lightm easu re me n tse, i th e r s h u tte r-p ri o ri tyor aperture-pri ori tymeasure-
me nt sc an be t ak en.
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. Fl a s hm eas ur em en tsc a n b e ta k e n w i th o r w i th o u t a sync cord, and mul ti pl e-burst
fl a sh m eas ur em en ts a re a l s o p o s s i b l e .W h e n l i g h t i ngconsi stsof mi xed ambi entand
fl a sh light ing,t he Fl a s hMe te r V c a n d e te rmi n eth e percentageof fl ash l i ght i n the
o ve rall ex pos ur e,a n d w i l l e v e n re c a l c u l a teth e p ercentagei f the shutter speed i s
ch a n ged.
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o Me m or y is pr ov ide dfo r 8 m e a s u re me n tss;to re d measurementsare show n on the
d a ta panel' sanalogd i s p l a yto h e l p y o u p re v i s u a l i ze
the shot. S toredmeasurements
ca n als o be av er ag e da, n d s h a d o w o r h i g h l i g h tb i asi ngi s avai l abl efor refl ected-l i ght
measurements.
o Ad d it ionalf unc t ion si n c l u d eb ri g h tn e s sd i ffe re n c e,C IN E measurements,and qui ck

temporarysettingof a differentlSO, such as for test shots using instantfilm. A wide
ra n g e of ac c es s ori e sa re a l s o a v a i l a b l efo r i n c i d ent-and refl ected-l i ghtmeasure-
me nt s .
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Pl e a s er eadt his m anu a lth o ro u g h l yb e fo reu s i n gth e Fl ashMeterV so that you can take
full advantageof its featuresand functionsright from the staft.
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STANDARDACCESSORIES
Spherical Diffuser
For measuring incident light for three-dimensionalsubjects.
(See p. 13 for more information on incident- light measure-
ments.)
Flat Diffuser
For measuring incident light for flat subjects or for deter-
m ini n g th e light ing r at io b e tw e e n v a ri o u s l i g h t s o u rc es.
(See p. 13 for more information on incident-lightmeasure-
ments; see p. 42tor more information on lighting ratio mea-
surements.)
Case
Neck Strap
Attachthe neckstrapas shownat right.
CONTENTS
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METHOD..........
THEMEASURING
SELECTING . . . . . . .1. 3
Me a s u re m e n ts
I nc ident - Light ...........
13
'
O RI N C I D E N T - L I G M
A C C E S S O R I EFS HTEASUREMENTS . . . . . . .1. .3
R e f l e c t e d - L i gM
het asurements......... . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.4. . .
ME
A CCE S S O R IEFSORR EF L E C T E D -L IGH 14
T A S U R E ME N TS .Irr.r...........,.....
A t t ac hing/ Remo v i nRge c e p to H
r e a dAc c e s s o ri es............ .................
15
S H E NU S I N GA S T I L LC A M E R A
T A K I N GM E A S U R E M E N TW . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. .6. .
A U T OM o d e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.6. . .
A M B IM o d e ........20
A M B I F N o .M o d e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................22
F LA S HM ode. . . ....
F L A S HM u r r M o d e . ...........27
WHEN USINGA CINECAMERA

TAKINGMEASUREMENTS .....30
s p E c t A L F U N C T T O N. S
......... ......32
M e m o r yF u n c t i o n s .............32
S / A / H( S hadow /Av e ra g e /H i g h l i gEx
h t)p o s u reC al cul ati ons 33
..............................
A V E RA G E
C AL C U L A T IO N S ..........33
S HA DO WC A L C U L AT ION S ..........34
HI G HLI G HC
T A L C U L AT ION S .......35 i,
T IA SV A LU E S
T H ESH AD O WA N D H IG H L IG H B
CHA NG I NG .....36
B r ight nes sDif f e re n c e ............ .............
37
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APPL TC A T T O NS 39
...........
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Using S/A/HExposureCalculationTogetherwith BrightnessDifference.......39 . .tri
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MeasuringBrightnessDifferencefor Mixed Incident-and

M ea s u re me n ts .........
Re fl ec t ed- Light 40
......" .........
G u i d eN u m b e rC a l c u l a t i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.1. . . .
M e a s u r i n gL i g h t i n gR a t i o . . . . . . . . ...........42
Usi ngt he A naly z eSc a l e ... .......-.-........44
RECALTBRATION 46
..........
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I LLUM I NA N C E
MEASU RI NG ........47 iq
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AC CESSO R|E S . . . . . . . . ......48
C A R EAN D S T O RA G E . . . ... 50
.............
SPEC|F|CAT|ONS... .......51
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TUAMES
OF PARTS
4
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5
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LI 17
20 18
1 POWERbutton
Sphericaldiffuser
) Sensor for LCD backlight
M eas ur esam bie n tl i g h t a n d s w i tc h e sth e L C Dbackl i ghton i f necessary.
. Do not coverthis sensor.
I Data panel
Measuringbutton
{i Up/down dial
Changesshutterspeedsetting,aperturesetting,ISOsetting,etc.
Slidingcover
Can be slid up to accessthe following buttons:MODE, 8| tOrigntnessdifference),
M (memory),M-CLR(memory clear),and S/A/H(shadow/average/highlight).
s Strap eyelet
For attachingneckstrap.
l) Sync terminal
For connectingsync cord.
Io E (instant-filmISO)button
W hile held pr es s e d ,d i s p l a y sme a s u re m e n tb ased on i nstant-fi l mIS O setti ng.
( S e ep . 1 2 . )
t t ISO button
S elec t sI S Of or ad j u s tme n u
t s i n g u p /d o w nd i a l . (S eep. 11.)
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@ rr:poo socket
@ Accessoryreceptorjack (with rubbercap)
Forconnectingaccessory receptor.
@ eattery chambercover
@ Measuringleveladjustmentscrew
Adjustscalculationof measurement values.Range:-0.8to +0.7EV(Seep. 46.)
@ otP switches
measurement,
Setsvariousfunctionsof meter,includingstill-camera/cine f-number
/EVdisplay,etc.
@ mooe button
Selectsmeasuringmode(AUTO,AMBI,AMBIFNo.,FLASH,FLASHMur-n).
@ m 1memory)button
Storesdisplayedmeasurement valuein memory. Up to 8 valuescanbe stored.
@ Silen (shadodaverage/highlight)button
shadow,average,
Calculates or highlightexposurebasedon measurement valuesin
memory.
@ lrl-Cm (memoryclear)button
Deletesmeasurement valuesin memory.
@ 8l prightness difference)button
brightnessdifference
Sets/cancels measuringmode.
DATAPANEL DISPLAYS
2 2 . 8 4 5 . 6 8 1 11 6 2 2 64 90
-2..1.0.1. 3.4
fimBmS lffiI17s lntoll
ifr,fl,1n
4
5
EEEfr
i AUTOAMBI FNo.
6
7
I Pointers
Indicatethe latestmeasurement,stored measurements,and/or calculatedvalue de-
p e n d ingon pr es entm e te rs e tti n g s .
Analog scale
Aperture (FNo.)scale for most types of measurements;brightnessdifferencescale
when meter is set to brightnessdifferencemode.
Shutter-speedfframing-rate d isplay
Shows shutterspeedor framing rate dependingon meter settings.
Un i t s :T I M E : F r a c ti o n so f s e c o n d s
T I M Es : W h o l e s e c o n d s
T I M E m : M in u te s
CINEf/s: Frames/second
E (instant-filmISO) indicator
Wh e n s hown, t he d i s p l a y e dIS O i s th e i n s ta n t-fi l mIS O setti ng and the di spl ayed
measuredvaluesare basedon the instant-filmISOsetting.
ISO display
Shows the presentlyset lSO.
Memory indicator
Indicatesthat one or more measurementsare stored in memory.
Number of stored measurements/numberof measuredflashes
Sh o w s t he num ber o f m e a s u re me n ts s to re di n memory i n most measuri ngmodes;
sh o w st he num bero f fl a s h e sme a s u re di n F L A SHMul rrmeasuri ngmode.
5 Shadow mark
Highlightmark
I Over-/under-rangeindicators
.lf9orOblinks,measurementisunder(U)orover(O)tf,emeter'sdisplayrang
. l f U or O blink san d !: i s d i s p l a y e dth i s under( U ) or over ( O ) trr"
, e m e a s u re ment
meter'smeasuringrange.
t
I Automatic Backlight d*
, e d a ta p a n e l b a c k l i g h tw i l l be automati cal l sw
U n d e r l o w- lightc ondit io n sth y i tchedon
for approximately8 secondswhen any of the controls (exceptthe measuringbutton)
are operatedor afterthe measuringbutton has been released.
. Wh e n m eas ur ingam b i e n tl i g h t o r m e a s u ri n gfl a s h l i g ht usi nga sync cord,automati c
backlightwill be activatedwhen the measuringbutton is released.
o Wh e n m eas ur ingf las h l i g h tw i th o u t a s y n cc o rd ,a u to mati cbackl i ghtw i l l not functi on
t o a v o i d p o s s i b l y a f f e c t i n g s u b s e q u e n tf l a s h m e a s u r e m e n t s . T o a c t i v a t et h e
automaticbacklightin such situations,pressone of the meter's buttons (suchas the .ro
ISOb u t t on) whic

, h will c a u s eth e b a c k l i g hto t b e l i t fo r approxi matel 8 y seconds.
@ Calculation mode indicators

S for shadow calculation,A for averageof all measurementsin memory, and H for
h i g h l i ghtc alc ulat ion .
(z FNo./EV/lx/fcddisplay
D i sp l ay sF No. ,E V ,or i l l u mi n a n c ei n l u x (l x )o r fo o tc a ndl es(fcd),dependi ngon meter
settings.
rt: Analyze scale
Shows the percentageof flash light in the total light for the exposure. Eachline indi-
cates10%.
rfi Measuringmode display
Shows the presentlyselectedmeasuringmode (FLASH,FLASHMuLtt,AUTO, AMBI,
AMBI F No. ) . W hen A U T O i s s e l e c te dAU , T O w i l l d i sappearfrom the di spl ayw hen
the MODEbutton is released.
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PREPARATIONS
Battery
Th e Fl a s hM et er V is p o w e re db y a s i n g l e A/A -s i z 1
e .5val kal i ne-manganese
or carbon
zincor 1.2vnickel-cadmiumbattery.
INSTALLI NG
{ Remove the battery chamber cover by sliding it in the
I r direction of the arrow.
t lnsert the batterywith the plus (+) and minus(-)ends

Er ori€ntedaccordingto the diagramin the battery
chamber.
e Replacethe batterychambercover.
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. After the batteryhas been installed,all of the meter'sdis-

plays and indicatorswill light for a few secondsand then
the meterwill be readyto take measurements.
WARNING
LOW-BATTERY ''g
T
Whenthe baftery'spower becomeslow, the data panelwill blinkfor approximately30
secondsandthen the meterwill switchoff. Whenthis occurs,replacethe batterywith a rd
new one.
o Whenthe batteryis replaced,the displayedmeasurementvalueand all measurement
valuesin memorywill be erased.
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AUTO POWEROFF
To conservebatterypower,the meter will automaticallyswitch itself off if no control
{measuringbutton,other buttons,or up/downdial} is operatedfor approximatelyone
hour.
Basic Function(DlP Switch) Settings
PHOTO FNo. TIME1 SOUND

ON
SOUND
CINE EV(lx)TIME0.5 OFF
The DIP switches inside the battery chamber control the following basic functions. To
selecta function, set the switch to the side with the desiredfunction.
1. PHOTO/CINE
PHOTO: Exposure is determined for still cameras in terms of shutter speed and
FNo. EV can also be measured.
CINE: Exposure is determined for cine cameras in terms of frames per second
and FNo. llluminationin lux or footcandlescan also be measured.
2. FNo./EV(lx)
FNo.: Measuredvalues are displayed as FNo.
EV (lx): When DIPswitch 1 is set to PHOTO,measuredvalues are displayed as EV.
r However, when flash is measured or when measuring mode is set to
AMBI FNo.,values will be displayed as FNo. regardlessof the setting of
this DIP switch.
When DIP switch 1 is set to CINE,measured values are displayed as illu-
mination in lux or fcd (see p. 47 for setting units of illumination).
3. TIME I/TIME 0.5
TIME 1: Shutter speed can be set in 1-stop intervals.
TIME 0.5: Shutter speed can be set in O.S-stopintervals.
4. SOUNDON/SOUNDOFF
SOUND ON: When measuringflash without using a sync cord, a tone sounds when
flash light has been received.
SOUND OFF: No tone sounds when flash light is received.
10 www.orphancameras.com
SettingFilm Speed
The Flash lleter V can be set to fllm spcde tqn ISO 3 to

SmO. To set the lllm speed, tum the up/donn dhl whlb
holdlqg the tSO buton pr€ssed untll the desh€d FQ ydue
ls shown.
. lf you changethe film speedafter measurement, the dis-
playedFNo. or EV will be recalculatedto determinethe'
correctreadingwith the newfilm speed.
11
SettingFilm Speedfor tr (lnstant-FilmISO)Button
Thefilm speedto be usedwhilethe tr (instant-film ISO)buttonis pressedcan be set

to a differentvaluethan the film speednormallyusedfor measurements.This is
convenientwhentest photographs will be takenusinginstantfilm with a differentfilm
speedthanthe film whichwill be usedfor the finalexposure.
To set the film speed for the tr button, turn the u/down
dial while holding the tr button pressed until the desired
ISOvalue is shown.
. lf you changethe film speedfor the tr buttonaftermea-
surement,the FNo.or EVdisplayedwhile the tr bufton
is held pressedwill be recalculated to determinethe
correctreadingwith the newfilm speed.
METHOD
THE MEASURING
SELECTING
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E xp o su recan be det er m i n e db y me a s u ri n ge i th e rth e l i g ht i nci denton the subj ect(the
ligh t i l l u m inat ingt he s ubj e c t)o r th e l i g h t re fl e c te db y the subj ect. The methodw hi ch
s hou l db e us eddependso n th e p a rti c u l asr u b j e c ta n d s i tuati on. .
tr
ght Measurements
Incident-Li
W he n yo u us e a m et er t o ta k e i n c i d e n t-l i g h me t a s u re ments,the exposurei s based
^ en ti re l yo n t he br ight nesso f th e l i g h t fa l l i n go n (i n c i d e nton) the subj ect. A s a resul t,
I t he su b j e c t ' sr ef lec t anc e (h o w l i g h t o r d a rk i t i s ) d o e s n o t i nfl uencethe measurement,
an d l i g h ta nd dar kt onesw i l l b e re p ro d u c e da s th e y a p p e aredi n the ori gi nalscene. qt
I
A n o th e r a dv ant ageof in c i d e n t-l i g h tm e te ri n g i s th a t y ou can sel ectthe di ffuser to
match the subject. For three-dimensionalsubjects,use one of the sphericaldiffusers;
for flat subjectssuch as postersor paintings,usethe flat diffuser.
I nci d e n t-light m eas ur em e n ts a re p re fe rre db y ma n y p h otographers becausesuch mea-
s u re me n t s pr oduc e pr edi c ta b l e
re s u l tsi n a w i d e v a ri e tyof si tuati ons. They are most
ef fe cti vefo r s c eneswhic h c o n ta i na fu l l ra n g eo f to n e s ,such as i n archi tectural or l and-
s ca p ep h ot ogr aphy .I nc id e n t-l i g hme t a s u re m e n ts a l s ow ork w el l for portrai tand si mi l ar
, h e r e t h e l i g h t i n gc a n b e c o n t r o l l e da n d a d j u s t e dt o m a k e t h e c o n t r a s t
s i t u a t i o n sw
r ang eo f the s c enef it t he e x p o s u rera n g eo f y o u r fi l m.
To take an incident-light measurement, attach the diffuser

(see below for selecting diffuser) to the Flash Meter V.
-9
P o si ti o n t he m et er near y o u r s u b i e c t, a i m th e re c e ptor lncident lioht ,.1'/
directly at the camera,and press the measuring button. ,^-M/" ffi

camera
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A C C E S S O R I E SF O R I N C I D E N T - L I G H TM E A S U R E M E N T S
Spherical Diffuser (standard accessory):
For measurementswhen shooting th ree-dimensionaI subjects.
Flat Diffuser(standardaccessory):
F o r me a sur em entwhen
s s h o o ti n gfl a t s u b j e c ts .
4X SphericalND diffuser (optionalaccessory):
F o r me a s ur em ent when
s s h o o ti n ge x tre me l yb ri g h t s u bj ects. E xtendsupper l i mi t of
meter'smeasurementrangeby two stops.
8X SphericalND diffuser(optionalaccessory):
F o r me a s ur em ent when
s s h o o ti n ge x tre me l yb ri g h t s u bj ects. E xtendsupper l i mi t of
meter'smeasurementrangeby threestops.
Mini Receptor(optional accessory):
For measurementsin areas which cannot be measured by the meter's own receptor
hea d . Pl ugsint o t he m et e r' sa c c e s s o ryjack.
13
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fr "* Reflected-Light Measurements
[,* When you use a meter to take reflected-lightmeasurements,the exposureis basedon

the averageof the light reflectedfrom all subjectswithin the meter'sfield of view. Like
all reflected-light meters,the FlashMeter V is calibratedto provide an exposurewhich
will reproducethe meteredarea as a medium-graytone with 18o/o reflectance.In many
h
li
cases,the averagescene reflectanceis actually around 18%o,and thus reflected-light
measurementsprovidegood exposuresin a wide varietyof situations.
i
Ho w e ver ,lik e all r ef l e c te d -l i g hme t te rs ,th e F l a s h Meter V does not take the actual
reflectanceof the subjectinto considerationwhen determiningexposure. Even if a sub-
ject is very bright,such as a white dress,or very dark,such as a blacktuxedo,the expo-
sure will still be calculatedto reproducethe subjectas mediumgray. You must adjust
the exposurecalculatedby the meter accordingto the actualsubject reflectance.With
experience,you can recognizethe relativereflectanceof subjectsand determine how
much the exposureneedsto be adjusted.
Re fl e c t ed- light m eas u re m e n tsc a n a l s o b e u s e d to gether w i th the meter' s memory
f u n c t i o na n d a n a l o g s c a l et o d e t e r m i n et h e b r i g h t n e s sr a n g e o f t h e s u b j e c ts c e n e .
Ad d i ti o nalm em or y f u n c ti o n sa l l o w e x p o s u reto b e determi nedas the averageof al l
me a sur edv aluesin me mo ry , o r a s a h i g h l i g h t-o r s h adow -based exposure. S ee p. 32
fo r mo r e inf or m at iona b o u t me mo ryfu n c ti o n s .
To take a reflected-light measurement, attach one of the

accessories for reflected-light measurements (listed below).
Aim the meter's receptor head from the camera position so
that it is reading the area you want to measure without r
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ca'sting a shadow on the selected area or being affected by ffiffi

IFSCamera
the surrounding areas. lf necessary,move closer to ensure Reflected l-f
light \4,
that the reading is not affected by surrounding areas or
other lights.
A C C E S S O R I E SF O R R E F L E C T E D - L I G H T
MEASUREMENTS
40" Reflected-LightAftachment (optional accessory):
40" acceptanceangle allows measurementscorrespondingto the field of view of most
n o rmallens es .
Vievrrf
i nder 5" (optional accessory):
5" acceptanceanglefor spot measurementsof part of the subjector scene.
VieMinder 10" ll (optionalaccessory):
10'acceptanceanglefor spot measurementsof part of a subjector scene.
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Attaching/RemovingReceptorHeadAccessories
To attach an acoessoryto the rcceptor head:

Align the white dot on the accessorywith the index on the
meter receptorhead, push the accessoryinto the receptor
head,andturn the accessoryclockwiseuntil it stops.
o The Mini Receptorand'Boosterll shouldbe pluggedinto
the accessory jack.
To rcmove an aooessoryfrom the rcceptor head:

Turn the accessorycounterclochrviseuntil it stops and re-
movethe accessory from the receptorhead.
15
TAKING MEASUREMENTSWHEN USING A STILL CAMERA
AUTOMode
In AUTO mode, the meter automaticallydeterminesthe type of light being measured

(flashor ambient)and takesthe measurementaccordingly. Measurementsof ambient
light or of flash light (with or without a sync cord) can be taken in AUTO mode. AUTO
mode can thus be usedfor measurementsin a wide varietyof situations.
. Under certainconditions,AUTO mode may not be able to providethe appropriatere-
sults. See pp. 20 - 29 for informationon other measuringmodes.
1 Pressthe POWERbuttonto switchthe meteron.

Ir
Checkthat film speedis set to the appropriatevalue.

lf a sync cord will be used for flash measurements,con-
nect the sync cord to the flash unit. (The flash unit may
fire when the sync cord is connected.)
Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

t
G r the measuring mode to "AUTO".
. Th e m eas ur ingm od e w i l l c h a n g ei n th e fo l l o w i n g order
eachtime the MODEbutton is pressed:
...AUTO -+ AMBI + AMBI FNo.-+ FLASH--;
FLASHMurl + AUTO ...
. Wh e n s elec t ingA UTO , " AU T O " w i l l b e d i s p l a y e dw hen
the MODE button is pressedand will disappearwhen the
M O D E b u t t o n i s r e l e a s e d .T h u s , w h e n n o m e a s u r i n g
mo d e is s hown in t h e d i s p l a y ,th e s e l e c te dme a suri ng
mode is AUTO.
? U s e t he up/ dow n d i a l to s e t th e d e s i re d s h utter

tJr speed.
. Th e s hut t er s peed r a n g e i s 1 /1 6 ,0 0 0s e c . to 3 0 m i n. for
a mb i ent light . lf t he s h u tte rs p e e d i s s e t to h i g h e rthan
1/1,000sec.and flash light is measured,the shutterspeed
will be automaticallyresetto 1/1,000sec.
. Shutter speedscan be set in 1|2-stopor 1-stopincrements
dependingon the settingof DIPswitch 3. (Seep. 10.)
. The shutter speed can also be changedafter a measure-
me n t has beent ak ena n d th e re s u l tsw i l l b e re c a l c ul ated.
16
4
Position the meter and press the measuring button.
When taking measurementsof ambient light:

. Me a su rem ent swill be t a k e n c o n ti n u o u s l yw h i l e th e measuri ngbutton i s hel d pre-
ssed.
. Wh e n th e m eas ur ingbu tto n i s re l e a s e dth , e l a s t m e a surementw i l l be hel d i n the
di sp l a y.
. Under certaincircumstances, the meter may mistakeintermittentlight sources(such
as fl u o re s c entlam ps )f or fl a s h l i g h t a n d m e a s u rea c c ordi ngl y.l f thi s occurs,change
the measuringmode to AMBI and repeatthe measurement.
. The meter may mistakerapid changesin light levels(suchas may occur due to meter
mo ve ment )f or f las h ligh t a n d m e a s u rea c c o rd i n g l y T . h i s i s parti cul arl yl i kel yto occur
wh e n ta k ing r ef lec t ed- l i g hme t a s u re m e n ts . l f th i s o ccurs,changethe measuri ng
mode to AMBI and repeatthe measurement.
When taking measurementsof flash light using a sync cord:
. The flash will be fired and the measurementtakenwhen the measuringbutton is pre-
ssed (continuingto pressthe measuringbutton after the flash has fired will have no
effect).
. The trigger voltage of some flash units may be too low for the FlashMeter V to fire.
I n su ch c as e,f ir e t he f la s h ma n u a l l ya n d ta k e a m e a surementw i thout usi ng a sync
cord.
When taking flash measurementswithout a sync cord:
. W h i l e t h e m e a s u r i n gb u t t o n i s h e l d p r e s s e d ,a m b i e n t l i g h t w i l l b e m e a s u r e d
continuouslyuntil the flash is fired and the meter receivesthe flash light. When flash
light has been received,the meter will measurethe flash light and the resultswill be
held in the display. lf the measuringbutton continuesto be held pressed,the meter
will be set to stand-by mode (waiting for the next firing of the flash). At this time,
"FLASH"will blink at the bottom of the display.
as fluorescentlamps) for flash light and measureaccordingly. lf this occurs,repeat
the measurementusing a sync cord.
. The meter may mistakerapid changesin light levels(suchas may occur due to meter
movement)for flash light and measureaccordingly.This is particularlylikelyto occur
when taking reflected-lightmeasurements. lf this occurs, repeatthe measurement
u si n ga s y ncc or d.
17
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
Whenmeasuring ambientlight:
WithDIPswitch2 setto FNo.
Measured aperture
| La 2 2t a 5.e I fl rG223at|5t.00 Measuredaperture(The small digit indicatesa value be-
,ftrc tw e e n fu l l s to p s i n 1 /1O-stop i ncrements. In thi s exam-
it 56 p l e ,th e v a l u eo f " 5 " i n di catesthat the exposureresul ti ng
from the shutter speed/aperture combinationshould be
reducedby 0.5 stops. This can be achievedby either in-
c r e a s i n gt h e s h u t t e rs p e e d o r c l o s i n gd o w n t h e a p e r -
tu re .)
Shutterspeed (set using up/down dial)
With DIPswitch 2 set to EV (lx)
Measured apefture
MeasuredEV
When measuringflash light:
Measuredaperturefor ambient light

Measuredaperturefor flash light (blinks)
,ft-C Ft{o
Measured aperture for overall exposure
55 Measuredaperture for overall exposure (The small digit

i n d i c a te sa v a l u e b e tw eenful l stops i n 1110-stop i ncre-
m e n ts . In th i s e x a mpl e,the val ue of " 5" i ndi catesthat
the exposure resultingfrom the shutter speed/aperture
c o m b i n a ti o ns h o u l d b e reducedby 0.5 stops. Thi s can
b e a c h i e v e db y e i th er i ncreasi ngthe shutter speed or
c l o s i n gd o w n th e a p e fture.)
Analyzescale (lndicatesthe percentageof flash light in
th e o v e ra l le x p o s u re . E achl i ne equal s10% . In thi s ex-
a m p l e , fl a s h l i g h t makes up 60" /'of the exposure,and
a mb i e n tl i g h t m a k e sup 40% .)
'r-
Over/under display range

T he me a sur em entis ov er (O ) o r u n d e r (9 ) tn e d i s p l a yrange. W hen measuri ngam-
bient light, use the up/down dial to increaseor decreasethe shutterspeedto bring the
apefturebackinto the displayrange.
I t4 2 284 56t
*ieg t?'rt fm
'f rr
h.
1as
n tnn
tuu
*,09
Over the display range Under the display range
Over/undermeasurementrange
The subjectis too bright or too dark for measurement.
rt ILataatrt.! I ta 2 a.| | ea | il tatt3^{aal
fE tta -tt5
fiMe Filo
\
E5
3 tt]0 o ig0
Over the measurement range range

Underthe measurement
19
AMBIMode (Ambient-LightMeasurements/Shutter-Speed
Priority)
AMBI m ode s hould be u s e d fo r m e a s u re me n tso f a mbi ent l i ght i n si tuati onsthat i n-

cl u d ei n t er m it t entligh tw h i c h c o u l d b e mi s ta k e nfo r fl ashl i ght i n A U TO mode.
l
Press the POWERbutton to switch the meter on.
I
Checkthat film speed is set to the appropriatevalue.
Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to

t
E r s€t the measuring mode to "AMB!".
eachtime the MODE button is pressed:
...AUTO -+ AMBI -+ AMBI FNo.-+ FLASH-+
FLASHMurl -+ AUTO ...
e Usethe u/down dial to set the desiredshutterspeed.

lJr
. Th e s hut t er s peed ra n g e i s 1 /1 6 ,0 0 0s e c . to 3 0 mi n. for
a mb i entlight .
. Sh u tt er s peeds c an b e s e t i n 1 /2 -s to po r 1 -s to p i ncre-
ments dependingon the setting of DIP switch 3. (See p.
10.)
. The shutterspeedcan also be changedafter a measurement
has beentakenand the resultswill be recalculated.
Me a sur em entwill
s b e ta k e nc o n ti n u o u s l yw h i l e th e mea-
suring button is held pressed.
Wh e n t he m eas ur in g b u tto n i s re l e a s e d ,th e l a s t mea-
su re m entwill be hel d i n th e d i s p l a y .
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
With DIPswitch2 setto FNo.
aperture
Measuredaperture (The small digit indicatesa value
r lr 2 at a tt I rt ra2!{aar
between full stops in U10-stop increments. In this ex-
E
ample, the value of "5" indicatesthat the exposurere-
i?5 56s sulting from the shutter speed / aperturecombination
should be reducedby 0.5 stops. This can be achieved
by either increasingthe shutter speed or closingdown
the aperture.)
speed (set using up/down dial)
with DIPswitch 2 set to EV (lx)

lf the measurementis over ( O ) ot under ( I ) tne display range,use the up/down dial
to increaseor decreasethe shutter speed to bring the apefture back into the display
range.
1 lA aataAta lt tC22ll'a3aa0 .taat
ffE
t''
Fxo lm
'trr
F-xo.
i?5 i?5
6 tg0 rc ffJB
AIBI ATEI
Thesubjectis too brightor too darkfor measurement.
11..2ataata1lra,a
ffi ir'
I
i?5
& iB[J
AIEI
Over the measurement range range

AMBIFNo.Mode(Ambient-LightMeasurements/Aperture
Priority)
AMBI FNo. m ode s hou l db e u s e dfo r m e a s u re me n ts

of ambi entl i ghtw hen you w ant to
selectthe apertureand have the meter determinethe appropriateshutterspeedfor cor-
rect exposure.
I Press the POWERbutton to switch the meter on.

l.
. C h e c kt hat f ilm s pee di s s e t to th e a p p ro p ri a tev a l u e.
4 Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

1. the measuringmode to "AMBI FNo.".
eachtime the MODEbutton is pressed:
...AUTO -->AMBI -+ AMBI FNo.-+ FLASH--r
FLASHMurr -+ AUTO ...
Use the up/down dialto set the desired aperture.

?
tJr
. The aperturerange isfl0.7 to f/90.

. Th e aper t ur ec an als o b e c h a n g e da fte r a me a s u r ement
h a s beent ak enand t h e re s u l tsw i l l b e re c a l c u l a te d.
A Press the measuring button.

Tr
. Me a s ur em entwill
s b e ta k e nc o n ti n u o u s l yw h i l e th e mea-
. W h e n t h e m e a s u r i n gb u t t o n i s r e l e a s e dt,h e l a s t m e a -
su re m entwill be held i n th e d i s p l a y .
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
Measuredvalue (shutterspeed and small digit; the small

digit indicatesa value between full stops in 1/10-stopin-
crements. In this example,the value of "5" indicatesthat
the exposure resulting from the shutter speed/aperture
combinationshould be reducedby 0.5 stops. This can
be achieved by either increasingthe shufter speed or
closingdown the aperture.)
Aperture (set using up/down dial)

lf the measurementis over ( O ) or under ( U ) the displayrange,use the up/down dial
to increaseor decreasethe aperture to bring the shutter speed back into the display
range.
IFEI rE ll-iEl
,ftr ,il|
o ,nn
1
tuu
l[ tto.
" ioc tm Hb
IT
r
E L
- i00 to
,rtltl
uu
AIBI Ftlo. Am Filo.
Over the measurement range Under the measurement range
23
FLASHMode (Single-burstflash measurements)
FLASHmode can be used when you want the meter to enter stand-bymode (waitingfor
the flash to fire) when the measuringbutton is pressedand to remain in standby mode
even afterthe measuringbutton is released.
I Press the POWER button to switch the meter on.

l.
. Ch e c kt hat f ilm s pee di s s e t to th e a p p ro p ri a tev a l u e.
O Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

Gt the measuring mode to "FLASH".
. Th e m eas ur ingm od e w i l l c h a n g e i n th e fo l l o w i n g order
...AUTO + AMBI -+ AMBI FNo.-+ FLASH-+
Use the up/down dialto set the desired shutter speed.

?
lJr
. The shutterspeed rangeis 1/1,000sec.to 30 min. for flash

measurements.
. Shutter speedscan be set in 1/2-stopor 1-stopincrements
d e p e ndingon t he s e tti n go f D IPs w i tc h3 . (Se ep . 1 0 .)
. The shutter speed can also be changedafter a measure-
me n t has beent ak ena n d th e re s u l tsw i l l b e re c a l c u l ated.
Wh e n the m eas ur ingb u tto n i s p re s s e dth , e m e te rw i l l be

set to stand-bymode (waiting for the firing of the flash)
a n d "FLA S H"will blinka t th e b o tto m o f th e d i s p l a yfo r ap-
p ro xi m at elyone m inu te a fte r th e m e a s u ri n gb u tto n has
b e e n releas ed.lf a f las hi s fi re d d u ri n gth i s ti me ,th e fl ash
l i g h t w ill be m eas ur e d th
, e re s u l tsw i l l b e s h o w n i n the
d i sp l a y ,and t he m et e r w i l l re tu rn to s ta n d -b ymo d e for
a p p ro xim at ely one m in u te .
Stand-bymode will be cancelledif any of the meter con-
trols (otherthan measuringbutton) are operatedor after
approximatelyone minute. To return to stand-bymode
a fte r i t has been c anc e l l e d p
, re s sth e me a s u ri n gb u tton
agarn.
Un d e r c er t ainc ir c um sta n c e sth, e m e te r ma y m i s ta k ei n-
te rmi ttent light s our ce s(s u c h a s fl u o re s c e n tl a m p s ) for
fl a sh l i ght and m eas u rea c c o rd i n g l y . l f th i s o c c u rs ,t ake
th e me as ur em entus in ga s y n cc o rd .
The meter may mistakerapid changesin light levels(such
a s ma y oc c urdue t o m e te r m o v e me n t)fo r fl a s h l i g h t and
me a sur eac c or dingly . T h i s i s p a rti c u l a rl yl i k e l yto o ccur
w h e n ta k ingr ef lec t ed -l i g hme
t a s u re m e n ts .l f th i s o c curs,
re p e a tthe m eas ur em e nut s i n ga s y n cc o rd .
Measurementsusing a sync cord can also be performed
in FLASHmode in exactlythe sameway as for AUTO mode.
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
Measuredaperturefor ambient light
1 ta 22-aa 56t ll lC2232ilt640ll
,fi-C Fro Measuredaperturefor overall exposure
55s Measuredaperture for overall exposure (The small digit
indicatesa value between full stops in 1110-stop incre-
m e n ts . l n th i s e x a m p l e,the val ue of " 5" i ndi catesthat
the exposure resultingfrom the shutter speed/aperture
c o m b i n a ti o ns h o u l d b e reducedby 0.5 stops. Thi s can
b e a c h i e v e db y e i th e r i n creasi ngthe shutter speed or
c l o s i n gd o w n th e a p e rtu re.)
th e o v e ra l le x p o s u re . Eachl i ne equal s10% . In thi s ex-
a mp l e , fl a s h l i g h t m a k e s up 60% of the exposure,and
a mb i e n tl i g h t m a k e su p 4 0% .)
25
Orcrtnder disffi,rmgp
Themeasurement
6 over(O lor under(I lttredisplayrange.
Over the dlsplay lange Underthe dlsplay range
The subject is too bright or too dark for measurement.
Over the measurementrange Underthe measurcmentrange
q
'-/
4
FLASHMurr Mode (Multi-burstflash measurements)
FLASHMurl mode can be used when you want to determinethe combined exposure
resultingfrom firing the flash severaltimes.
I Pressthe POWERbuttonto switchthe meteron.

lr
Checkthat film speedis set to the appropriatevalue.

lf a sync cord will be used for flash measurements,con-
nect the sync cord to the flash unit. (The flash unit may
fire when the sync cord is connected.)
1) Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

Zt the measuringmode to "FLASHMulti".
. Th e meas ur ingm ode w i l l c h a n g ei n th e fo l l o w i n g o rder
...AUTO -+ AMBI -+ AMBI FNo.-+ FLASH-+
l/| Use the up/down dialto set the desired shutter speed.
lJr
. The shutterspeedrangeis 1/1,000sec.to 30 min. for flash

me a s ur em ent s . ll s
. Shutterspeedscan be set in 1/2-stopor 1-stopincrements

o ilo
d e p e ndingon t he s etti n go f D IPs w i tc h3 . (Se ep . 1 0 .) MNdIA
. The shutter speed can also be changedafter a measure- t\

.\\ /,
ment has beentaken and the resultswill be recalculated.
A Position the meter and press the measuring button.

Tr
27
s
I yyhen taking measurements using a sync cord: ,
o The flash will be fired and the measurementtaken when the measuring button is
IU--*_*
' ffi
p re s s ed.P r es s ingt h e me a s u ri n gb u tto n a g a i nw i ll causethe fl ashto fi re agai n and
#F ' th e ac c um ulat edr e s u l tsw i l l b e c a l c u l a te da n d s h ow n i n the di spl ay. Thi s process
U ca nbe r epeat edas m a n y ti m e s a s d e s i re d .
t'* "
. Th e num ber of t im e s th e fl a s h h a s b e e n me a s u re dw i l l be show n i n the di spl ay. l f
th e n um berof t im es e x c e e d s9 , o n l y th e l a s td i g i t (from 0 to g) w i l l be show n.
[ . To end the present measurementand start a new measurement,press the M-CLR
(memoryclear)button. The numberof times the flash has been measuredwill be reset
to 0.
. The trigger voltage of some flash units may be too low for the FlashMeter V to fire.
In suc h c as e,f ir e t he fl a s h ma n u a l l ya n d ta k e a measurementw i thout usi ng a sync
cord.
Whentakingmeasurementswithoutusingasynccord]
. When the measuringbutton is pressed,the meter will be set to stand-bymode (wait-
i n g for t he f ir ing of t h e fl a s h )a n d " F L A SH "w i l l b l i nk at the bottom of the di spl ayfor
a p p rox im at ely one mi n u tea fte rth e me a s u ri n gb u tt on has been rel eased.l f a fl ash i s
fi re d dur ing t his t im e , th e fl a s h l i g h t w i l l b e m e a s ured,the accumul atedresul tsw i l l
b e sh own in t he dis p l a y ,a n d th e m e te rw i l l re tu rnto stand-bymode for approxi mate-
l y o n e m inut e. lf t hi s ti m e i s e x c e e d e dth , e me te rcan be set backto stand-bymode
to co nt inuem eas ur e me n ts b y p re s s i n gth e me a s u r i ngbuttonagai n.
o Th e n um ber of t im e s th e fl a s h h a s b e e n m e a s u redw i l l be show n i n the di spl ay. l f
th e n um berof t im es e x c e e d s9 , o n l y th e l a s td i g i t (from 0 to 9) w i l l be show n.
. To end the presentmeasurementand starta new measurement,pressthe M-CLR(me-
mory clear)button. The number of times the flash has been measuredwill be resetto
0.
a s fl uor es c entlam ps )fo r fl a s h l i g h t a n d me a s u rea ccordi ngl y. l f thi s occurs,takethe
me a sur em entus inga s y n cc o rd .
o Th e m et erm ay m is ta k era p i dc h a n g e si n l i g h t l e v e l s(suchas may occurdue to meter
mo ve m ent )f or f las h l i g h t a n d me a s u rea c c o rd i n gl y. Thi s i s parti cul arl yl i kel y to
occur when taking reflected-lightmeasurements.lf this occurs,repeatthe measure-
ment using a sync cord.
ii[4i:**k;a- EE 5*d-+. .,.
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
aperture for ambient light

Measured aperture for flash light (blinks)
aperture for overall exPosure
Measuredaperture for overall exposure (The small digit
indicatesa value between full stops in 1/1O-stopincre-
t L 2t.|ataa llrzlaaal
ments. In this example,the value of "5" indicatesthat
E
the exposureresultingfrom the shutterspeed/ aperture
E combinationshould be reducedby 0.5 stops. This can
b e a c h i e v e db y e i th e r i n creasi ngthe shutter speed or
closingdown the aperture.)
th e o v e ra l le x p o s u re . E a chl i ne equal s 10% . In thi s ex-
ample, flash light makes up 60% of the exposure,and
a m b i e n tl i g h t ma k e su p 40% .)
Shutter speed (set using up/down dial)
Number of times flash has been measured
Over/underdisplay range
Themeasurement is over( O ) or under( U )the displayrange'
I ta 2 lr a Cr a ll ta2I'|5aa
ra t 2ta 13 | tt lateaalt.!
5-l rilq
?T,,t
E0 "nt Tg
* tc{i \e
;isg"}ss! FLISH lrrnC
Over/under measurementrange
rtaat.tat.3trr aaI
ffi rr.6 m Fro
6g 5E \
I,nn \ t& ,,nn
uu
luu a ,
HlSll hnU FLlSll hnf
Over the measurement range Under the measurement range
29
;:,4
.: :.].;
ilt TAKTNG i.U'TtENUSINGA CINECAMERA

. Forilluminance seep. 47.
measurements,
I Pressthe POWERbutton to switch the meteron.

lr
. Checkthat film speed is set to the appropriatevalue.

. Checkthat DIP switch 1 is set to CINEand Dlp switch 2 is
set to FNo.
a) Usethe u/down dial to set the desiredframerate.

3t
o The frame rate can be set to 8, 12, 16, 18, 24,25,30,92,

64, or 128fps. These frame rate settings will provide cor-
rect resultsfor a camera shutter-sectoropening of 180'. lf
the shutter-sectoropening of your camera is not 180',ad-
just the film speed setting as follows:
Shutter-sectoropening Film-speedadjustment
160" -1l3 stop
220" +1/3stop
To adjust film speed by -1l3 stop, set the next slower film
speed (for example,for ISO 80 film, set ISO 64).
To adjust film speed by +1/3 stop, set the next higher film
speed (for example,for ISO 80 film, set ISO 100).
. The frame rate can also be changed after a measurement
has beentakenand the resultswill be recalculated.
t, Positionthe meterand pressthe measuringbutton.

lJr
. Measurementswill be taken continuouslywhile the mea-

. When the measuringbutton is released,the last measure-
ment will be held in the display.
DISPLAYEXAMPLES .-!l
'+-a;rn
Measured aPerture
Measuredaperture (The small digit indicatesa value be-
tween full stops in 1/1O-stopincrements. In this exam-
I ta tttaall ltil''!aaaa ple, the value of "5" indicatesthat the exposure resulting
from the shutter speed/aperturecombination should be
583 reduced by 0.5 stops. This can be achievedby either in-
creasingthe shutterspeedor closingdown the aperture.)
Frame rate (set using up/down dial)
Over/underdisPlay range
Themeasurement is { O ) or under( lU )the displayrange.
r ra 2 2, a lr I tl tQe,aataaa I tr artaLrl
ffi16 rrc @ *'"'ii,r?

?Y "rtt ey
0 tgfl
" tcg
Overthe disPlayrange Underthe disPlayrange
Over/under measurementrange
The subjectis too bright or too dark for measurement'
rirtttataatl 11laataata11Lzl
ffimlr. O ffirn Frc
?Y IY\
b tag a iu?
Overthe measurementrange range

31
l, SPECIALFUNCTIONS
MemoryFunctions
lr
Th e Fl a s hM et erV has m e mo ry s p a c efo r u p to 8 me a surements.E achmeasurementi n
me mo r y is indic at edby a p o i n te ro n th e a n a l o gs c a l eand the numberof measurements
i n me m or yis s hown in th e d i s p l a y . B y u s i n gth e m e te r' smemory and anal ogscal e,the,
contrastor brightnessrange of the scenecan be visuallyconfirmedso that lighting and
/or exposurecan be adjustedto obtainthe desiredresults.
. Me m or y f unc t ionsc a n n o t b e u s e d i n A M BI F N o . o r Fl ashMul ti measuri ngmodes,
wh i l e t he br ight nes s -d i ffe re n cfuen c ti o n i s b e i n g u sed, or w hi l e measuri ngi l l umi -
n a n ce.
a Take a measurement.
l.
It Pressthe M (memory)button. The measurementwill
1. be stored in memoryand the numberof measure-
mentsin memorywill increaseby 1.
? Repeatsteps 1 and2.
lJr
. Eachtime a new measurementis taken,the latest mea-
suredvaluewill be shown digitallyin the display,and point-
ers on the analogscalewill show both the latestmeasured
valueand all measurementvaluesstoredin memory.
. Up to 8 m eas ur em e n tsc a n b e s to re d i n m e m o ry . l f an addi ti onalmeasurementi s
taken and stored in memory when the memory alreadycontains8 measurements,
th e o l des tm eas ur em e nitn me mo ryw i l l b e re p l a c edby the new measurement.
. To deleteall measurementsstored in memory, pressthe M-CLR(memory clear)but-
to n .
Oth e roper at ionswhic h w i l l d e l e tea l l me a s u re m e n ts
storedi n memory i ncl ude:
. Pre s s ingt he M O DEb u tto nto c h a n g eth e me a s u re mentmode.
. Moving DIPswitch 1 from PHOTOto CINEor from CINEto PHOTO.
. Removingthe battery(or if the batterypower becomesexhausted).
DISPLAYEXAMPLE
a B.r a
-ri
l6a !a a! c. s Latest measured value
me Filo.
Measurementsstored in memory
55= Latest measured value
Number of measurements stored in memory
S/A/H(Shadow/Average/Highlight)
ExposureCalculations
. S/A/He x pos ur ec alc ul a ti o fu

n n c ti o n sc a n n o tb e u s e di n A MB I FN o.or Fl ashMul ti mea-
su ri n gm odes ,or whileth e b ri g h tn e s s -d i ffe re nfu c en cti oni s bei ngused.
AVERAG E CALCU LATIONS (For incident- or reflected-lightmeasurements)

Th e a ve rageof all m eas u re me n tsi n m e m o ry c a n b e c al cul atedto determi nethe aver-
ag e e xp o s ur ef or all m ea s u re da re a s . T h i s i s u s e fu lw hen the scenehas areasw i th a
v a ri e tyo f br ight nes slev e l s .
1 While holding the S/A/H (shadow/highlighUaverage)

| . button pressed,turn the up/down dial until A is shown
in the display.
. W h e n a n a c c e s s o r yf o r m e a s u r i n gi n c i d e n tl i g h t i s a t -
ta ch e d ,A will aut om a ti c a l l ya p p e a rw h e n th e S /A/Hbut-
to n i s p r es s ed.S and H mo d e s c a n n o tb e s e l e c te dwhen
t a k i n gi n c i d e n t - l i g hmt e a s u r e m e n t s .
O Measureseveral areas of the scene, such as highlight 5 6 I r r t6 22 32 45

1. (bright) and shadow (dark) areas,and store each mea- It'Me
surement in memory.
. Up to 8 m eas ur em en ts
c a n b e s to re di n me mo ry .
E5
|sO 'nn
iEs
IUU
M I
Press the S/A/H button. The average of the measure-

?
tJ r m€nts stored in memory will be calculated,and the
results will be shown digitally in the display and by a
pointer on the analog scale.
. T h e a v e r a g e dv a l u e a n d t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n gp o i n t e rw i l l
b e sh o wn only while th e S /A/H b u tto n i s h e l d p re ssed.
Wh e n t he S / A / Hbut t o n i s re l e a s e dth , e d i s p l a yw i l l show
th e va luesf or t he lat es tm e a s u re me n t.
D I S P L A YE X A M P L E
lt
I L-nuerage aperture
mrE
Aperturesfor measurements
in memory
E5 5E= Averageaperture
Number of measurementsin memory
33
SHADOW CALCULATIONS (For reflected-light measurements only)
When it is importantto reproducethe detailsin shadow or dark areas,take a reflected-
light measurementof the shadow area and use the Flash Meter V's shadow exposure
calculationfunction.

I r button pressed, turn the up/down dial until S is shown
in the display.
. S can be selectedonly if an accessoryfor measuringre-
flectedlight is attachedor the Boosterll or Mini Receptor
is connectedto the accessoryreceptorjack. (AlthoughS
can be selectedwhen the Mini Receptoris connected,S
sh o u ldnot be us edw i th th e Mi n i R e c e p to sr i n c eth e Mi ni
Receptormeasuresincidentlight, not reflectedlight.)
r l a 2 2 . 04 5 C I r r t C 2 2 3 a a 5 8 a S
tf Measure the shadow area of the scene.
z. ,qm
t?5 lfr s
Fro.
EO 'nn
tuu
2 Press the S/A/H button. The aperture required for

9 r proper exposure of the shadow area will be calcu-
lated, and the results will be shovvn digitally in the
display and by a pointer on the analog scale.
. The shadow value and the correspondingpointerwill be
shown only while the S/A/Hbutton is held pressed. When
the S/A/Hbutton is released,the displaywill show the val-
uesfor the latestmeasurement.
. lf measurementshave been stored in memory, the meter
will determinethe shadow exposurefor the darkestarea
measured and stored in memory. lf no measurements
have been stored in memory, the meter will determine
the shadow exposurefor the latestmeasurement.
DISPLAYEXAMPLE
r ra 2 2.t a 5l I 11 tGzt3a4sGas Apertures for measurements in memory
l*l Fro. El
Aperture for shadow exposure
iPs 1fr= Aperture for shadow exposure
Number of measurements in memory
In th e abov e dis play e x a mp l e ,th e s h a d o w e x p o s u refor the darkestarea measured
(measured aperture: f12\was determined.
HIGHLIGHTCALCULATIONS(For reflected-lightmeasurementsonly)
When it is impoftant to reproduce highlight or bright areas as they appear, take a re-
f l e c t e d - l i g h tm e a s u r e m e n t o f t h e h i g h l i g h t a r e a a n d u s e t h e F l a s h M e t e r V ' s h i g h l i g h t
e x p o s ur e c a l c ul a t i o n f u n c t i o r t .

I r button pressed, turn the up/down dial until H is shown
in the display.
. H can be selected only if an accessoryfor measuring re-
flected light is attached or the Booster ll or Mini Receptor
is connected to the accessory receptor jack. (Although H
can be selectedwhen the Mini Receptor is connected, H
should not be used with the Mini Receptorsince the Mini
R e c e p t o r m e a s u r e s i n c i d e n t l i g h t , n o t r e f l e c t e dl i g h t . )
t he highlig h ta re ao f th e s c e n e .
2.* "^ su re tt? lEs
lso rnal
tuu
Press the S/A/H button. The aperture required for

r prop€r exposure of the highlight area will be calcu-
l a ted, and t he r es u l ts w i l l b e s h o w n d i g i ta l l y i n the
display and by a pointer on the analog scale.
The highlight value and the corresponding pointer will be
shown only while the S/A/H button is held pressed. When
the S/A/H button is released,the display will show the val-
ues for the latest measurement.
lf measurements have been stored in memory, the meter
w i l l d e t e r m i n e t h e h i g h l i g h t e x p o s u r e f o r t h e b r i g h t e s ta r e a
measured and stored in memory. lf no measurements
have been stored in memory, the meter will determine the
h i g h l i g h t e x p o s u r e f o r t h e l a t e s tm e a s u r e m e n t .
DISPLAYEXAMPLE
Aperturefor highlight exposure
*,?5 EI
Aperturesfor measurementsin memory
I Aperturefor highlightexposure
Number of measurementsin memory
ln the above display example, the highlight exposure for the brightest area measured
( m e a s u r e d a p e r t u r e : f / 1 6 + 5 )w a s d e t e r m i n e d .
35
h
I CHANGING THE SHADOW AND HIGHLIGHT BIAS VALUES
I The FlashMeter V is programmedto decreasethe exposureby 2.7 stops for shadow
exposuresand increasethe exposureby 2.3 stops for highlightexposures. These bias
I valuescan be changedaccordingto your particularpreferences.
I
. Th e biasv aluesc an b e c h a n g e do n l y w h e n D IPs wi tch 1 i s set to P H OTOand an ac-
cessoryfor measuringreflectedlight is attachedor the Boosterll or Mini Receptoris
I connectedto the accessoryreceptorjack.
Press the S/A/H (shadow/hightighUaverage)button

1
I r ?nd turn the up/down control to select the value to
be adjusted (S or H).
t While holding the S/A/H and M buttons pressed, turn

f r the up/down dial to adjust the bias value to the de-
sired value.
. The shadow bias value can be set between 0.0 and -4.0
sto p s;t he highlightb i a sv a l u ec a n b e s e t b e tw e e n0 .0and
+4.0stops.
tlt
-rl; ilt
. Bi a sv alueswill be r e s e tto th e i r i n i ti a ls e tti n g s(-2 .7stopsfor shadowexposuresand

+2.3stopsfor highlightexposures)when the batteryis removedor the batterypower
is exhausted.
BrightnessDifference
The brightnessdifferencebetween a measuredor calculated(S/A/H)value and other

sceneareascan be easily determinedusing the brightnessdifferencefunction. When
tft" I (brightnessdifference)button is pressed,the displayedvalue is set as the stan-
d a rd va l ue; s ubs equen tme a s u re m e n tsa re th e n s h ow n as the di fferencefrom that
va l u e .Th is is us ef ulf or d e te rm i n i n gth e l i g h ti n gra ti oo r bri ghtnessrangeof a scene.
. The brightnessdifferencewill normally be shown in terms of AEV(range:19.9 EV). ]f
DIPswitch 1 is set to CINEand DIPswitch 2 is set to EV (lx),the brightnessdifference
will be shown in terms of Alx or Afcd (range:+9,9001x or fcd).
1 Take a measurement of the area of the scene to be

I r used as the standard.
it5
* tg0
5Es
al Press tne 8| (brightness difference) button. The
1. d i s play will c han g e to th e b ri g h tn e s s d i ffe rence
display, with a $| next to the measured value, and
the anatog scale will become a brightness difference
sca le, wit h a poi n te r a t 0 i n d i c a ti n g th e s ta ndard
value.
. No brightnessdifferencescalewill be shown if DIPswitch
1 i s se tt o CI NEand D IPs w i tc h2 i s s e tto E V (l x ).
tl Measure the area of the scene for which the bright-

J r ness differenceis desired.
. Th e br ight nes sdif f ere n c ew i l l b e s h o w n d i g i ta l l ya n d on
th e b right nes sdif f ere n c es c a l ea n d m e a s u re me n ts w i l l be
w
t a k e nc o n t i n u o u s l y h i l e t h e m e a s u r i n gb u t t o n i s held
p r e s s e d . W h e n t h e m e a s u r i n gb u t t o n i s r e l e a s e dt,h e
sta n dar dv aluewill b e s h o w n d i g i ta l l yi n th e d i s p l a y,and
the last measuredbrightnessdifferencewill be indicated
on the brightnessdifferencescale.
. Wh e n m eas ur ingbr i g h tn e s sd i ffe re n c e ,i f th e s ta ndard
value was an ambient-lightmeasurement,the brightness
differencefor only ambient light will be measured. lf the
standardvalue was a flash measurement,the brightness
d i ffe renc ef or f las h m e a s u re m e n tsw i l l b e m e a s u red. l f
the standardvalue was measuredin FLASHMulti mode,
the meterwill be set to FLASHMulti mode, and the bright-
n e ss dif f er enc ef or th e a c c u m u l a te dfl a s h me a s u r ement
wi l l b e m eas ur ed.
. To cancel brightnessdifference,presstf," El (brightnessdifference)button again.

Th e d is playwill s how th e e x p o s u re(o r i l l u m i n a n c efor
) the l astmeasuredarea.
37
li
lt DISPLAY EXAMPLES
When DIPswitch 1 is set to PHOTO:

While measuringbutton is held pressed
Standard value
Brightness difference between presenily measured vatue
and standard value
Brightness difference between presenily measured vatue
and standard value
easuringbutton has been released
Standard value
Brightness difference between presenily measured value
and standard value
Standardvalue
I n th e a b ov eex am ple,t h e me a s u re dp o i n t i s 1 .5EV b ri ghterthan the standardval ue.
when DIP switch 1 is set to clNE and Dlp switch 2 is set to EV (tx):
Brightnessdifferencein lux betweenpresentlymeasuredvalue and standardvalue
. Brightnessdifferencecan also be displayedin Afcd.See p. 47 to changeilluminanceunits.
. Only the first two digits of the value will change;remainingdigits are roundedoff.
" t E'is
ln the above example,the measuredpoint is 8401xbrighterthan the standardvalue.
38
APPLICATIONS
UsingS/A/HExposureCalculationTogetherwith BrightnessDifference
W h e n t h e e x p o s u r e h a s b e e n d e t e r m i n e d u s i n g t h e S , A , o r H e x p o s u r e c a l c u l a t i o nf u n c -
t i o n , b r i g h t n e s s d i f f e r e n c ec a n b e u s e d t o c h e c k h o w o t h e r a r e a s o f t h e s c e n e w i l l b e r e -
produced. To do this, set the S, A, or H exposure value as the standard value according
t o t h e p r o c e d u r e b e l o w a n d m e a s u r e b r i g h t n e s s d i f f e r e n c ea s i n t h e p r e c e d i n g s e c t i o n .
. lf unwanted measurements are stored in memory, press the M-CLR (memory clear)
button to delete all measurements from memory before using the S/A/H exposure
c a l c u l a t i ofnu n c t i o n .
Use the S/A/H (shadow/average/highlight) exposure

{ I ta 2 28 4 56 M 162232456490
I r calculationfunction to determinethe exposure. [E Fr{o El
. Se e p . 33- 35 f or m or e i n fo rma ti o no n S /A/He x p o s u recal - il'L HiTn

c ul a t i o n s . rso,fln
tuu
4 While holding the S/A/H button pressed, press tne $|

Zz (brightness difference) button. The display will
change to the brightness difference display, with a
ff| next to the calculated value, and the analog scale
w i l l b e c o m e a b r i g h t n e s s d i f f e r e n c es c a l e , w i t h a
pointerat 0 indicatingthe calculatedvalue.
6 Measurethe area of the scene for which the bright-

J r ness differenceis desired.
. To ca nc elbr ight nes sd i ffe re n c ep, re s stt' l " 8 | (b ri g htness
but t onag a i n . T h e d i s p l a yw i l l s h o w th e expo-
d i ffe r enc e)
su refor t he las tm eas u re da re a .
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
( F o r c o l o r r e v e r s a lf i l m h a v i n g a n e x p o s u r e l a t i t u d e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y f i v e s t o p s )
12
fiMB
tl5 n
Fme
E5 " llil n
,ftfiEt
E5 .hllt
rso , jJll
"Ei1
\ lso lalfl
IUU
tso ,/'ln
,UU
M e a s u r e d p o i n t w i l l be Measured point will be Measured point will be

washed out. reproduced at a medium reproduced as a shadow.
density.
39
Measuring
Brightness
Difference
forMixedIncident-
andReflected-Light
Measurements
Wh e n e x pos ur eis det e rmi n e db y a n a m b i e n t-l i g hm

t e asurement,refl ected-l i ght
bri ght-
n e ss-d if f er enc
meeas ur e m e n ts
c a n b e ta k e nto c h e c kh ow other areasof the scenew i l l
be reproduced.
T a k e a n i n c i d e n t - l i g h t m e a s u r e m e n to f t h e m a i n
1
I r subject to determinethe expo-sure.
Press the fi| (brightness difference)button to set the

t
E r e X p o s u r ea s t h e s t a n d a r d v a l u e . T h e d i s p l a y w i l l
change to the brightness difference display, with a s|
next to the measuredvalue,and the analog scale will
become a brightness difference scale, with a pointer
at 0 indicating the standard value.
e R em ov e t he ac c e s s o ry fo r i n c i d e n t-l i g h tm e a sure-
9 r ffierts, attach an accessory for reflected-light mea-
surements (such as the Viewfinder 5'), and measure
the area of the scene for which the brightness differ-
ence is desired.
DISPLAYEXAMPLES
( F o r c o l o r r e v e r s a lf i l m h a v i n g a n e x p o s u r e l a t i t u d e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y f i v e s t o p s )
. r 0't\r.y3.4
nuC
L: 2H
ITIME: FNO
ll5 I ,1llt l.r5 l.r5

BO Inn |s0,fln rso t n n
IUU tuu IUU
Measured point will be re- Measuredpoint is beyond Measuredpointwill be re-

p r o d u c e da s a h i g h l i g h t . t h e f i l m l a t i t u d ea n d w i l l producedas a shadow .
b e b l o c k e du p .
40
GuideNumberCalculations
Attach the Flat Diffuserto the Flash Meter V.
1
lr
t) Set the ISO of the film in relation to which the guide

1t numberwill be determined.
2 Aim the Flat Diffuser directly toward the flash, fire the
rJ r flash, and measurethe flash light.
. Settingthe distancebetweenthe flash unit and the meter
to 1 met ers im plif iesca l c u l a ti o n s .
A Eleterminethe guide number from the measured aper-
'f r ture as follows:
GN=Axaxd
where
A: Measuredaperture
a: Compensationconstantfor small digit afteraperture
d: Distancebetweenflash unit and meter
Small Compensation Small Compensation

digit constant digit constant
0 1.14 5 1.36
1 1.18 6 1.40
2 1.22 7 1.45
3 1.26 8 1.50
4 1.31 9 1.56
Fo rth e d is playex am ple ,if the distancebetweenthe flash unit and the meter is 1 meter,
then
,l\
fhEl
GN=16x1.26x1(m) EO
* i00
l5:
\_q_n!!r,J!!_q
y 0 (i n metersat the IS Oset i n step 2).

w h i ch g i v esa guide num b e r o f a p p ro x i m a te l 2
41
fr
I MeasuringLightingRatio
'
The lightingratio is the ratio betweenthe highlightand shadow areasof the scene. In
' general,fightingratiosfrom 4:1 to 8:1 (exposuredifferenceof 2to 3 stops)are consid-
eredbestwhen using color films, sincethese ratiosallow colorsto be reproducednatu-
rally. By adjustingthe lighting ratio,you can control the subject'shighlight-to-shadow
r, rsl a ti o n s hip
or t he r elat i o n s h i pb e tw e e nth e m a i n s u b jectand the background.
' Wi thth e F las hM et erV , th e l i g h ti n gra ti oc a n b e d e te rmi nedto 0.1E Vaccuracyby mea-
su ri n gthe br ight nes sd i ffe re n c eo r b y c o m p a ri n gm e asuredapertureson the anal og
sca l e .
o L i g h t ing- r at io
m eas u re m e n tss h o u l d n o t b e ta k e nwi th D IPsw i tch 1 set to C IN Eand
DIPsw it c h2 s et t o E V (l x ).
Attach the Flat Diffuser to the Flash Meter V.

1
Ir
l) Position the meter at the subject position, aim the

1t Flat Diffuser at the main light source, and press the
measuringbutton.
. Be su r et hat only ligh tfro m th e ma i n l i g h t s o u rc ere aches
th e Flat Dif f us er . lf p o s s i b l e ,s w i tc h o ff a l l o th e r l i ght
so u rc esor
, s hadeout o th e r l i g h t s o u rc e su s i n gy o u r hand
or other device.
O To determine lighting ratio by measuring brightness

J. difference:
a Press ttre ff| (brightness difference) button. The
display will change to the brightness differencedis-
play, with a $| n6rt to the measured value, and the
analog scale will become a brightness difference
scale, with a pointer at 0 indicating the measured
value.
b Position the meter at the subject position, aim the
Flat Diffuser at the fill light source, press the mea-
suring button, and hold the measuring button
pressed.
Be sure that only light from the fill light source reachesthe Flat Diffuser. lf possible,
sw i tchof f all ot her lig h t s o u rc e s o, r s h a d eo u t o th e r l i ght sourcesusi ngyour hand or
other device.
The brightnessdifferencevalue will be shown digitallyand on the brightnessdiffer-
ence scalewhile the measuringbutton is held pressed. When the measuringbutton
i s re l e as ed,t he s t an d a rdv a l u e w i l l b e d i s p l a y e dd i gi tal l yand the bri ghtnessdi ffer-
encewill be indicatedon the brightnessdifferencescale.
42
'4
l f th e s t andar dv alue w a s a n a m b i e n t-l i g h m t e a s urement,the bri ghtnessdi fference

fo r only am bient lig h t w i l t b e m e a s u re d . l f th e s ta ndardval uew as a fl ash measure-
measured' l f the
me n t , t he br ight n" r, d i ffe re n c efo r fl a s h m e a s u rementsw i l l be
F L AS H M u rrt mo de, the meter w i l l be set to FLA S H
sta n dar dv aluewas me a s u re di n
d i ffe re n c fo
e r th e accumul ated fl ash measurement
Mu r' m ode, and t he b ri g h tn e s s
w i l l be m eas ur ed.
button again.
To cancel brightnessdifference,press the 8| (brightnessdifference)
th e e x p o s u refo r th e l a s t me asured poi nt'
Th e d is playwill s ho w
the l i ghti ngrati o
Th e b r ight nes sdif f e re n c ei n + E V c a n th e n b e u s e d to determi ne
fro m t he t ablebelo w '
Todetermine|ightingratiobycomparingmeasured
apertures:
aPresstheM(memory)buttontostorethemeasured
value in memory.
b Position the meter at the subject position, aim the
Flat Diffuser at the fill light source, and press the
measuringbutton.Themeasuredaperturewi||be
shown in the display and a corresponding pointer
will be added to the analog scale.
Be s ur et hat only lig h tfro m th e fi l l l i g h ts o u rc ere a chesthe
Flat Diffuser. lf possible,switch off all other light sources,
o r shadeout ot her l i g h t s o u rc e su s i n gy o u r h a n d or other
device.
the table below.

. The resolutionof the analog scale is 0'5 stop'
Table for determining lighting ratio
Brightness difference (exposure difference)
Lightingratio
+ 1 . 0( 1 s t o p )
+3.0(3 stops)
+4.0(4 stoPs)
+5.0(5 stops)
j.0!6 919q{
+ 7 .0 1 s7to p s ) 128:1
T h e f o r m u l a f o r c a l c u l a t i n gt h e l i g h t i n g r a t i o i s :
Mai n light:Fill light=fo'tto'"'""; 1
" D i f f e r e n c e "c a n b e e i t h e r b r i g h t n e s s d i f f e r e n c e i n t E V or di fferencei n stops
betw een
apertures.
43
Using the AnalyzeScale
Th e a n aly z es c aleappe a rsb e l o w th e m e a s u re da p e rturei n the di spl ayw heneverfl ash

l i g h ti s m eas ur ed.T he s c a l ei n d i c a te sth e p e rc e n ta g eof fl ash l i ght i n the overal lexpo-
su re(com binat ion of s h u tte rs p e e da n d a p e rtu re ),w i th each l i ne on the scal erepresent-
i n g '1 0 % .Y ou c an us et h e a n a l y z es c a l eto p re d i c th o w the i magew i l l turn out, and then
a d j u stthe ex pos ur et o o b ta i nth e i m a g e y o u w a n t: m a i nl y ambi entl i ght to capturethe
mo o d ,m ainlyf las hligh tto o v e rp o w e rth e a m b i e n tl i g ht,or a bal ancebetw eenthe tw o.
. Th e a per t ur esf or amb i e n t l i g h t,fl a s h l i g h t,a n d o v e ral lexposureare show n on the
a n a l ogs c aleat t he t op o f th e d i s p l a y .
Exa mp l e:
Th e sce ne below will b e ta k e n u s i n g d a y l i g h tfi l m. The measurementresul tsfor the
sce n eshown belowar e s h o w n i n th e d i s p l a y .
The main subject(theflowerson the

t a b l e )wer e illum inat edw i th a mb i e n t
t u n g stenlightand wit h f l a s hl i g h t.

5'il8 Flo Measuredaperturefor ambient light
lfr 5f '{ Measuredaperturefor overall exposure
Percentageof flash light in the overall exposure (in this
e x a mp l e ,6 0 % l
44
44
To further emphasizethe influenceof the tungsten light:

Usethe up/downdialto seta slowershutterspeed.
ll,
Yo u c a n s e e o n th e a n a l yzescal ei n thi s di spl aythat the
r r. 2 2.r tl.l
flash light now makes up only 20Y"of the overall expo-
s u re . T h e a m b i e n t (tu ngsten)l i ght i n the overal lexpo-
1 lit s u r e i s t h u s a p p r o x i m a t e l y2 . 5 s t o p s g r e a t e rt h a n t h e
* i00 \_qr-:_q
fl a s h l i g h t. T h e fi n a l i mage w i l l be yel l ow i shdue to the
s tro n gi n fl u e n c eo f th e tu ngstenl i ght.
To reducethe influenceof the tungsten light:

Usethe up/downdialto set a fastershutterspeed.(Ofcourse,shutterspeedmustbe
setwithinthesyncspeedrangeof thecamera.)
Yo u c a n s e e o n th e a n a l yzescal ei n thi s di spl aythat the

| !a 2 28
fl a s h l i g h t n o w m a k e s u p 80% of the overal lexposure.
T h e fl a s h l i g h t i n th e o veral l exposurei s thus approxi -
m a t e l y 1 . 5 s t o p s g r e a t e rt h a n t h e t u n g s t e nl i g h t . T h e
* \_q t!!r,,!!._q
103 fi n a l i m a g ew i l l h a v e more naturalcol orsdue to the over-
p o w e ri n go f th e tu n g s tenl i ght by the fl ash l i ght.
In th i s e x am ple,t he r ela ti o n s h i pb e tw e e na m b i e n tl i g h t and fl ash l i ght i n the overal lex-

po su rew as c ont r olledb y c h a n g i n gth e s h u tte rs p e e dt o adj usti ngthe amount of ambi -
e n t l i g h t . T he r elat ion s h i pb e tw e e na m b i e n t l i g h t a n d fl ash l i ght coul d al so be con-
tro l l e dby adjus t ingt he a mo u n t o f fl a s h l i g h t,e i th e rb y changi ngthe di stancebetw een
th e fl a s h unit and t he s u b j e c to r b y a d j u s ti n gth e p o w er of the fl ash. l f the amount of
fl a shl i ght is adjus t ed,a me a s u re m e nst h o u l db e ta k e nafterw ardsto checkthat the rel a-
ti o n sh i phas beens et as d e s i re d .
45
RECALIBRATION
During manufacture, your FlashMeter V was preciselycalibratedto Minolta standards.
Usu a l l y no f ur t her adju s tm e n to f th e m e te r i s re q u i redto obtai n opti mum resul ts.
However,if you want to recalibrateyour meter to match the readingsof anothermeter,
the FlashMeterV can be adjustedbetween-0.8and +0.7EV from the standardreading.
To adjustthe meter, use a small screwdriverto turn the measuring level adjustment
screwunderthe batterychambercover. Turning the screw clockwiseproducesa high-
er reading(lessexposure);turning the screw counterclockwiseproducesa lower read-
ing (more exposure).The marks around the screw indicate0.2 EV increments,and the
indentsin the screw'srotationrepresent0.1 EV increments.
- 0 . 2E V - 0 . 1E V t 0 . 0 E V + 0 . 1 E V
- 0 . 3E V
- 0 . 4E V
- 0 . 5E V
- 0 . 6E V -0.7EV -0.8 EV +0.7 EV +0.6 EV
The Flash Meter V should be recalibratedonly after determiningthat the standard

setting(10.0EV)will not producethe desiredresults.
lf you are making only a temporaryadjustment,be sure to resetthe measuringlevel
adjustmentscrewto the +0.0EV positionafteryou are finishedtaking readings.
46
ILLUMINANCE
MEASURING
Attach the Flat Diffuser to the Flash Meter V.
l I
s h o u l da l w a y sb e ta k e nusi ng
l l l u mi n anc em eas ur em e n ts
the Flat Diffuser.
al Set DIP switch 1 to CINE and DIP switch 2 to EV (lx).

z.
. To swit c hillum inanc eu n i ts b e tw e e nl u x (l x ) a n d fo o t can-
d l e s (fc d) ,hold t he M O D E a n d M b u tto n s p re s s e dw hi l e
sw i tchingon t he m et e r.

r llluminance will be measured continuously while the
measuring button is held pressed. When the measur-
ing button is released,the latest measurement will be
t\ i:E
held in the display.
On l y the f ir s t t wo digi tso f th e v a l u ew i l l c h a n g e ;re m ai n-
ing digits are roundedoff.
47
ACCESSORIES
Vievyfinder10'ff
Viewfinder10"ll is an attachmentwith a 10oangle of accep-
tance for reflected-light
measurements.The VieMinder 10o
fl alfows accuratespot measurementsof subjectareas.
Vievyfinder5"
Viewfinder 5o is an attachment with a 5o angle of accep-
tance for reflected-lightmeasurements. The VieMinder 5o
a l l o w s a c c u r a t es p o t m e a s u r e m e n t s o f s u b j e c t a r e a s .
40" Reflected-LightAttachment
The 40' Reflected-Light Attachment has a 40" angle of accep-
tance for reflected light measurements which correspond to
the field of view of most normal lenses.
Mini Receptor
The Mini Receptorplugs into the accessoryreceptorjack of
the FlashMeter V to provide 12mm-diameterincident-light
measurementsin otherwiseinaccessible locations.lt is par-
ticularlyusefulfor close-upsand macrophotography.
48
4X and 8X Spherical ND Diffusers
Both of thesesphericaldiffusersincorporatea neutral-den-
sity elementand are used when the light is too brightto be
measurednormally. With the aX SphericalND Diffuser,the
meter'supper limit is extendedbV 2 EV; with the 8X Sphe-
ricalND Diffuser,the meter's upper limit is extendedby 3
Q
EV.
Q
Spot Mask
The Spot Mask enablesthe FlashMeter V to be used in the
d a r k r o o mf o r d e t e r m i n i n ge x p o s u r e sw h e n m a k i n ge n l a r g e -
ments.
Sync Cord lll

The Sync Cord lll is a S-meter long cord that connects to the
F l a s h M e t e r V , f l a s h u n i t , a n d c a m e r a ' Ss y n c t e r m i n a l . l t a l -
lows flash measurements to be taken and the camera's shut-
t e r t o b e r e l e a s e dw i t t r o u t c h a n g i n g c o n n e c t i o n s .
Booster ll
The Boosterll plugs into the accessoryreceptorjack of the
FlashMeterV and allowsmeasurements to be takenthrough
an SLReyepiece,at an SLRfocusingScreenor view camera
g r o u n d g l a s st,h r o u g h t h e e y e p i e c eo f a m i c r o s c o p eo, r a t
t h e f i l m p l a n eo f a f u l l - f r a m e3 5 m m c a m e r a . l t m a y a l s o b e
used for ordinarydirect reflected-light measurementswith
a n a p p r o x i m a t e l6 y 0 ' a n g l e o f a c c e p t a n c e l.t i n c l u d e sa n
S L R e y e p i e c ea t t a c h m e n t ,s p o t - p r o b ea t t a c h m e n t ,m i c r o -
scopeattachment,and 35mm film-planeattachment.
49
STORAGE
. Do n o t pr es son or da ma g eth e d a ta p a n e l .
. Do not subjectthe meter to shock or vibration. For protection,store the meter in its
nb.
'*F:
casewhen carryingit.
o l f th e m et er is us ed i n th e ra i n , a t th e s e a s h o reo, r near a vol cano,i t may become
rustyor corrodeddue to water or corrosivegas. In such situations,be carefulto pro-
te ctth e m et eras m uc h a s p o s s i b l e .
. Do not use the meter in areaswith temperatureshigher than 50'C (122Fl' or lower
t h a n- 1 0 ' C( 1 4 ' F )
D o n o t l e a v et h e m e t e r i n s i d ea c l o s e d m o t o r v e h i c l e ,i n d i r e c ts u n l i g h t ,o r n e a r
so u rc esof heat ,s uc h a s s tro n g l i g h ts . D o n o t l e a v ethe meter i n humi d areas. l f the
me te ris lef t in dir ec ts u n l i g h tfo r a l o n g p e ri o do f ti me,the data panelw i l l turn bl ack.
Do n o t r em ov e t he c a p fro m th e a c c e s s o ryre c e p torj ack except w hen usi ng the
Bo o st erll or M ini Rec e p to r.l f th e a c c e s s o ryre c e p t orj ack i s touchedw hi l e measure-
me n ts ar e being t ak e n ,s ta ti ce l e c tri c i tyo r i n d u c ti onmay resul t i n faul ty measure-
ments.
Do n o t allow t he dif fu s e rto b e c o m e s c ra tc h e do r stai ned. l f a di ffuser becomes
stained,remove it from the meter,wash the diffusercarefullyin water with a mild de-
te rg e nt ,and r ins eand d ry th e d i ffu s e rth o ro u g h l yb eforereattachi ng
i t to the meter.
lf the meter becomesdirty, it can be wiped with a soft, dry cloth. Do not allow alco-
h o l o r ot herc hem ic a l sto c o me i n c o n ta c tw i th th e m etersurface.
The meter should not be stored in areas where it may be subjectto temperatures
h i g h ert han 55" C ( 13 1 " F o) r l o w e r th a n -2 0 o C(-4 " F),or i n areassubj ectto hi gh hu-
mi d i ty . lt is r ec om m e n d e dth a t th e me te r b e s to re di n an ai rti ghtcontai nertogether
wi th a dr y ingagents u c h a s s i l i c ag e l .
lf the meter will not be used for more than 2 weeks,remove the batteryto avoid the
p o ssibilit yof dam aged u e to b a tte ryl e a k a g ea n d c o r rosi on.
Never attemptto disassemblethe meter or repair it yourself. Any necessaryrepairs
should be performedonly by a Minolta-authorized
servicefacility.
.-.$:*.
SPECIFICATIONS
Typ e : Handheld ex po s u rem e te rfo r m e a s u ri nagmb i e ntandfl ashl i ght
phot
Re ce p to rS: ilic on oc e l l
m et hod:
Re ce p tion I nc ide n t: F l a tD i ffuser,4X
S p h e ri c aDl i ffu s e r, D i ffuser*8X
S pheri cal ,
S p h e ri c aDl i ffu s e r*
Reflected: V i e w fi n d e5ro * ,Vi e w fi n d er 10-l l * ,40"R efl ectedLi ght
Attachment*
Externalreceptor: Bo o s telrl * , Mi n iR e c e P tor*
Receptor headrotates270o.
Calculationmethodautomatically switched according attachment.
to receptot
modes:
Measuring AUTO: F o rme a s u re m e notsf a mbi entand/orfl ashl i ght.
Au to ma ti c a ldl ye te rm i n es w hetherl i ghtshoul dbe measured
as a mb i e n l
t i g h to r fl a s hl can
i ght;fl ashl i ghtmeasurements
: b e ta k e nw i th o r w i th o u tsY nccord.
AMBI: F o rs h u tte r-p ri o rime ty a surements of ambi entl i ght.
A M B IF N o .: F o ra p e rtu re -p ri o rime ty asurements of ambi entl i ght'
FLASH: Forsingle-burst flashmeasurements withor withoutsynccord.
F LA SHM u l ti : F o rc u m u l a ti vm e e a s u rements of mul ti pl efl ashbursts.
Me a su r ing ( a t
r ange: A m b i e n t I S O1 0 0 ) : I n c i d e n t : E V-2.0to 19.9
Reflected: Viewfinder5"*: EV2.5to 24'4
V i ew fi nder 10ol l * : E V1.2to 23.1
40" Reflected LightAttachment*:EV 1'2to 23'1
F las h(a tl s o 1 0 0 ): l n c i d e n t: fl 0' 7to f/90+ 0' 9
Reflected: Viewfinder 5"*: f/1.0to f/90+0.9
V i e w fi n d e1r 0ol l * : f/1.0to f/90+ 0' 9
40"Reflected LightAttachment*:f/1.0to f/90+0.9
D i sp l a yr ange: Digit adl i s p l a y : F N o .:f1 0 .7 to f/9 0+ 0.9 (i n0' 1-stop i ncrements)
E V:E V -1 1 .8to 3 5.5 (i n 0.1-stop i ncrements)
l l l u mi n a n c e : 0' 6to 99,0001x; 0.1to 99,000 fcd
(onl yfi rsttw o di gi tsaresi gni fi cant)
Sh u ttesr p e e d :A mbi ent:30 mi n'to 1116,000 sec.
Fl ash:30 mi n.to 111,000 sec.
U2-stop or 1-stop increments selectable
F ra m i n gra te : 8 , 12,16,18,24,25,30,32, 64,or 128
frames/sec.
rso: ISO3 to 8000in 1/3-stop increments
N u m b e ro f fl a s hes: 0 to 9 (Onl yl astdi gi ti s
di spl ayed w henmorethan9
fl ashesaremeasured.)
N u mb e ro f s to redmeasurements: 0 to 8
51
',.: Analogscale: FNo.:f/1.0
to f/gOin l/2-stopincrements
Brightnessdifference: -4.0to +4.0EVin 114-EV
* betw een-3.0and
i ncrements
T ;:::Hf:Y,til:ff?
+3.0to +4.0EV
A n a l y z es c a l e : 0 t o i 00%i n 10%i ncrements
(rati o
o f fl ashl i ghtto totatti ght)
Otherdisplays: Measuringmode;ovef-/under-range indicators; brightness_difference
m odein d i c a to sr;h a d o w /a v e ra g e /h i g hlcarcurati
i ght on
i ndi cators
Oth e fu
r nc t ions : M em o ryfu n c ti o n (s s to ra g o e f u p to 8 measurements, di spl ayof stored
m eas u re m e notsn a n a l o gs c a l ed, i s p l a yof numberof storedmeasure-
m ent s );a n a l y z fu e n c ti o nfo r d e te rm i n i namount
g of fl ashl i ghti n rel ati on
t o t ot all i g h tfo r e x p o s u rea;u to m a tiicl l u mi nati onof datapaneli n dark
loc at io n sa;u d i b l efl a s h -re c e i vtoe dn e ;a ccessory receptor j ack(w i thcap);
m eas u ri nlge v e a l d j u s tm e nstc re w(_ 0 .g t o + 0.7E Vi n 0.1_EiVncrements);
tripodsocket
Re p e a tabilit y : 10. 1E V
Calibration constants: lncident: SphericalDiffuser: C=330
FlatDiffuser: C=250
Reflected: K=14
Po we rso ur c e: O neA A -s i z e1 .5 Va l k a l i n e -ma n g a n o e rsecarbon-zi nc or 1.2Vni ckel -
c adm iu mb a tte ry
Operation temperature range: -10to 50"C(14to 122.F1
Sto ra g ete m per at urreang e : -2 0to 5 5 " C(-4to 1 3 1 " F )
Di me n si ons( w x H x D) : 6 8 .5x 1 5 8x 2 8 m m{ 2 -1 U 1 6x 6 -1 1 x4 1-1l gi n.} :
We i g h (w
t it houtbat t er y ) :1 6 5 g(5 .8o z .)
Standardaccessories:SphericalDiffuser, FlatDiffuser,neckstrap,case,oneAA-sizebattery
*: Op ti o n al
ac c es s or ies
. S p e ci fic at ions
ar es ubjecto
t c h a n g ew i th o u tn o ti c e .
52
- - --:L"&,#i.-^*,,",-;^r -**ffi*;i.g- - I

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Minolta Meter

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I

Tne Minolta Flash Meter V is a highly advancedyet simple-to-useexposuremeter for

o Ad d it ionalf unc t ion si n c l u d eb ri g h tn e s sd i ffe re n c e,C IN E measurements,and qui ck

WHEN USINGA CINECAMERA

MeasuringBrightnessDifferencefor Mixed Incident-and

ISOb u t t on) whic

@ Calculation mode indicators

t lnsert the batterywith the plus (+) and minus(-)ends

. After the batteryhas been installed,all of the meter'sdis-

PHOTO FNo. TIME1 SOUND

The Flash lleter V can be set to fllm spcde tqn ISO 3 to

Thefilm speedto be usedwhilethe tr (instant-film ISO)buttonis pressedcan be set

To take an incident-light measurement, attach the diffuser

directly at the camera,and press the measuring button. ,^-M/" ffi

[,* When you use a meter to take reflected-lightmeasurements,the exposureis basedon

To take a reflected-light measurement, attach one of the

ca'sting a shadow on the selected area or being affected by ffiffi

To attach an acoessoryto the rcceptor head:

To rcmove an aooessoryfrom the rcceptor head:

In AUTO mode, the meter automaticallydeterminesthe type of light being measured

1 Pressthe POWERbuttonto switchthe meteron.

Checkthat film speedis set to the appropriatevalue.

Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

? U s e t he up/ dow n d i a l to s e t th e d e s i re d s h utter

When taking measurementsof ambient light:

With DIPswitch 2 set to EV (lx)

When measuringflash light:

Measuredaperturefor ambient light

55 Measuredaperture for overall exposure (The small digit

Over/under display range

Over the display range Under the display range

rt ILataatrt.! I ta 2 a.| | ea | il tatt3^{aal

Over the measurement range range

AMBI m ode s hould be u s e d fo r m e a s u re me n tso f a mbi ent l i ght i n si tuati onsthat i n-

Checkthat film speed is set to the appropriatevalue.

Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to

e Usethe u/down dial to set the desiredshutterspeed.

Position the meter and press the measuring button.

with DIPswitch 2 set to EV (lx)

Over/under display range

Over the display range Under the display range

Over the measurement range range

AMBI FNo. m ode s hou l db e u s e dfo r m e a s u re me n ts

I Press the POWERbutton to switch the meter on.

4 Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

Use the up/down dialto set the desired aperture.

. The aperturerange isfl0.7 to f/90.

A Press the measuring button.

Measuredvalue (shutterspeed and small digit; the small

Over/under display range

Over the display range Under the display range

Over the measurement range Under the measurement range

I Press the POWER button to switch the meter on.

O Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

Use the up/down dialto set the desired shutter speed.

. The shutterspeed rangeis 1/1,000sec.to 30 min. for flash

Wh e n the m eas ur ingb u tto n i s p re s s e dth , e m e te rw i l l be

Over the dlsplay lange Underthe dlsplay range

Over the measurementrange Underthe measurcmentrange

FLASHMurr Mode (Multi-burstflash measurements)

I Pressthe POWERbuttonto switchthe meteron.

Checkthat film speedis set to the appropriatevalue.

1) Press the MODE button repeatedly if necessary to set

. The shutterspeedrangeis 1/1,000sec.to 30 min. for flash