Lab 02

Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and

information technology(kfueit)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Submitted To:Engr. Adnan Rasheed

Submitted By: Muhammad Tanveer
Registration No:ME172012
Lab 02

Experiment # 01
Objective:
To find tension in the strings by balancing a meter rod on the stands

Apparatus:
1. Beam Apparatus
2. Spring Balance
3. Meter Rod
4. Stands/ Hooks
5. Spirit Level
Diagram:

Theory:

T1 T2

M=Midpoint of Beam

W
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Equilibrium:
All the net forces acting on the body is equal to zero. And
the state of balance between opposing forces or actions that is either static or
dynamic.
Or A body said to be in equilibrium if it is in a state of rest or in uniform
velocity.

Conditions of equilibrium:
1-sum of all forces equal to zero.
2- sum of all the torques acting on the body is equal to zero.

Principle of transmissibility:
Force can be moved through its line of action by without changing its
direction.
Or the principle of transmissibility states that the point of application of
force can be moved anywhere along its line of action without changing the
external reaction forces on a rigid body. Force as a point of application
somewhere along the same line of action will cause the same acceleration
and will result in the same moment.

Centre of gravity:
The point through which the whole weight of body acts downward.

Tension:
A force which tends to elongate the body.
Or A force which is produced in string to balance the weight of body
Lab 02

Procedure:
1. Set the apparatus on a flat horizontal bench.
2. Note down the mass of the meter rod initially.
3. Mark the midpoint of the meter rod as the center of gravity.
4. Hang the meter rod in horizontal position with the help of strings. Attach two spring
balances on the other end of the strings and fix them with the standing frame with the
help of hooks.
5. Make sure of it that the meter rod is in a level position horizontally from both ends.
6. Adjust the distance between the two spring balances through the clamps provided on the frame.
7. Note down this distance as “a”. Then note the distance between the center of gravity and the
second spring balance on the right hand side.
8. After hanging the meter rod, note down the readings of spring balances i.e. S1&S2.
9. Find out the Tension in strings theoretically by the following formulae:
𝒃
𝑻𝟏 = 𝐰 ×
𝒂
𝒂−𝒃
𝑻𝟐 = 𝐰 ×
𝒂
10. After noting down the two readings calculate the difference of Tensions obtained theoretically
and experimentally.
11. Change the distances of spring balances and perform theexperiment again in a similar way for
four more readings.

Observations:

Weight of Meter Rod = __________

Position of Center point of Meter Rod = _________ from both ends

Readings of Tension in Tension in

Distances Differences
Spring Balance String at A String at B
Sr. # 𝑻𝟐
𝒃
S1 S2 a b 𝑻𝟏 = 𝐰 × 𝒂−𝒃 T1-S1 T2-S2
𝒂 = 𝐰×
𝒂
N N cm cm N N N N
Lab 02

Comments:

Assignment Questions:

1. If the distance of both the spring balances is kept equal from the center of meter rod
how will the tension be divided?

2. Define Center of Gravity.

Lab 02