Experiment 1

To draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration diagram for slider crank mechanism.

Apparatus:

Schematic Diagram:

Theory:
Mechanism:
A mechanism is a heart of a machine. It is the mechanical portion of the machine that has the
function of transferring motion and forces from a power source to an output.
“Mechanism is a system of rigid elements (linkages) arranged and connected to transmit
motion in a predetermined fashion”

Slider Crank Mechanism:

It is mainly used to convert rotary motion to a reciprocating motion or vice versa.

Crank:

A part of an axle or shaft bent out at right angles, sometime in the form of disk, for con-
verting reciprocal to circular motion and vice versa.

Slider:

Part of mechanism that slides in tube, with connecting rod.

Connecting rod:

That connects slider and crank.

Working:

In this mechanism, slider is connected with crank via connecting rod. When crank rotates,
slider oscillates because it is connected with connecting road. Sole purpose is to convert rotating
motion in to reciprocating.

Application of Slider Crank Mechanism

(Crank operated mechanical press) (I.C Engines)

Crank press:

Slider crank mechanism is used in the assembly of crank operated press; crank shaft is
connected with ram by connecting rod. These components combines and form slider crank mech-
anism.
I.C. Engine:

In internal combustion engines slider (piston) is connected with crank shaft by connecting
rod. Using these components we can form slider crank mechanism. Here, we have a little bit dif-
ference in mechanism, in I.C engine crank is subjected under force by slider or piston. But in case
of Crank press slider of ram is subjected under force by crank.

(Steam Engines)

Steam Engine:

In steam engine slider crank mechanism is used as it is used in I.C. Engines.

Slotting Attachment:

Slotting Attachment of milling machine also works on slider crank mechanism.

Terms used in the experiment:

Displacement:

The minimum distance covered the slider in the short interval of time is called displace-
ment.

Velocity:

The time rate of change of displacement is called velocity. It can be found from the graph.
Acceleration:

The time rate of change of velocity is called acceleration. It can also be found from the
graph.

Procedure:
1. Set the crank at zero degree. Record the displacement of link.
2. Move the crank 30o and record the displacement .
3. Repeat step 1 & 2 for complete rotation.
4. Tabulate your results in given tables.
5. Calculate other necessary values.

Observation and Calculations:

1 Angle Displacement
(S)

20 0.15
2
40 0.6
3
60 1.3
4
80 2.2
5
100 3.05
6
120 3,8
7
140 4.4
8
160 4.85
9
180 5.0
10
200 4.95
11
220 4.65
12
240 4.1
13
260 3.3
14
280 2.5
15
300 1.6
16
 320 0.8
17
340 0.2
18
360 0
19

Graphs:
Displacement-time Graph:
 Angle on x-axis
 Displacement on y-axis

Chart title
6

3
Series1
2

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-1

Velocity-time Graph:
 Velocity on Y-axis
 Angle on x-axis
 Chart title
0.035

0.03

0.025

0.02

0.015 Series1

0.01

0.005

0
0 100 200 300 400
-0.005

Acceleration-time Graph:
 Acceleration on y-axis
 Angle on x-axis

Chart title
0.0004
0.00035
0.0003
0.00025
0.0002
Series1
0.00015
0.0001
0.00005
0
-0.00005 0 100 200 300 400

Comments:
 Values of table and graph may vary due to parallax error.
 Errors may occur due to play in links of apparatus.
 Energy losses due to poor lubrication of mechanism.
Results:
The s-t, v-t and a-t diagrams of slider crank mechanism is found.