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To best determine the optimal ratio for your stream, let’s first define what resolutions and bitrates are
and how they affect video quality and file size.
A resolution is the number of pixels spread across a monitor screen, and is usually written in horizontal x
vertical. The resolution of your monitor has a huge effect on the type of stream you are able to watch.
For example, if you have a 720p monitor and are watching a 720p stream, perfect. Your monitor can
display every pixel of the video. If the stream was broadcast in 1080p, however, your monitor will
compress the image into 720p due to its lack of 360 pixels. It won’t inhibit the video quality, but since
the monitor can only see 720 pixels, anything beyond that is wasted bandwidth.
A bitrate is the amount of data required to encode a single second of video. From a streaming
perspective, the higher the bitrate, the higher the quality, and the more bandwidth it will require. So
why doesn’t everyone just upload at the highest bitrate possible? Well, not every viewer can download
at the highest bitrate possible.
If you have a download speed of 5 Mbps and you are watching a stream at 6 Mbps, your computer will
compress the file, the resulting video will be choppy and you’ll probably get stuck in buffering limbo.
Most platforms nowadays though will transcode the video so that different connections have
personalized bitrates, but this will often sacrifice quality.
Bitrates aren’t always restricted to this straightforward definition. There are two different types of
bitrates available: constant and variable.
Exactly as it sounds, a constant bitrate spits out data at the same rate all throughout the video, and in
streaming this means that viewers will receive data at the same rate. The problem with constant bitrates
is that, unless the stream is just a static image, video segments will change. Some segments will have
more detail and some have less detail. This translates to lower quality during complex segments and
unused bandwidth on simple segments. Some situations will still use constant bitrates, but these
instances are rare.
Variable bitrates are the data transfer process of choice for the majority of circumstances, because
encoders will adapt to the detail demand of the segment. It essentially allocates more data during
complex segments, and less data during simple segments. For instance, if your stream has a segment of
you standing in front of a plain white background, the encoder will determine that the video needs less
data and transfer less. If you streamed at a concert, the encoder will see varying details and transfer
more data when needed.
So while there isn’t exactly a golden ratio, here is what we generally recommend for streaming:
If you happen to be using Teradek’s VidiU to stream, your VidiU portal comes with a couple of
preconfigured settings for video quality: Full HD, HD, High, Medium, Low, Mobile. Here are the specs for
these settings:
Keep in mind that every streaming platform comes with different presets which may or may not limit
the amount of bitrates you are allowed to transfer. Here are all of the popular streaming destinations
and their settings:
Ustream:
https://support.ustream.tv/hc/en-us/articles/207852117-Internet-connection-and-recommended-
encoding-settings
Bitráta
[bevezető szerkesztése]
A bitráta, vagy bitarány, esetleg bitsebesség, az elterjedtebb angol terminológiával bit rate
(néhány esetben Rbit) egy frekvencia, ami megadja, hogy hány bit halad át egy adott (fizikai vagy
elméleti) „ponton” keresztül. Mértékegysége a hertz, ami a frekvencia SI egysége, vagy a bit per
szekundum (bit/s).
Bár gyakran mint „sebességre” hivatkoznak rá, mégsem egy távolság/idő jellegű mennyiség, hanem
mennyiség/idő jellegű, ezért meg kell különböztetni a „terjedési sebesség”-től (ami többnyire az
átviteli közegtől függ, és fizikai jelentése van).
Tartalomjegyzék
1 Fontos
2 Példák, tipikus értékek
o 2.1 Hangátvitel
o 2.2 Képátvitel
o 2.3 Megjegyzések
3 Lásd még
4 Kapcsolódó információk angol nyelven
o 4.1 Sávszélességkonverziók
o 4.2 Online sávszélesség-kalkulátor
Fontos[szerkesztés]
A "bit per szekundum" formális rövidítése a "bit/s" (és nem "bits/s"). Kevésbé formális környezetben
gyakori rövidítés a "b/s" vagy a "bps", viszont ez gyakran okoz zavart, mert összekeverhető a "byte
per szekundum"-mal ("B/s", "Bps"). Mégkevésbé formálisan, sajnos gyakran elhagyják a "per
szekundum"-ot, és egyszerűen csak "egy 128 kilobites audió folyam" vagy "egy 100 megabites
hálózat" szerepel a mondatban.
1 000 000 000 bit/s = 1 Gbit/s (egy gigabit vagy egymilliárd bit másodpercenként)
A busz átviteli „sebességét” kivéve, a bináris prefixumokat csaknem mindig elhagyják (bit/s). Az
ebben az értelemben való használat esetén azonban a mértékegység byte/s, ami viszont nem
használatos a kommunikációs rendszerek csatornáinál (például telekommunikáció). Szükséges
tehát, hogy mindig a környezetnek megfelelő egységeket használjunk, illetve nem árt pontosan
meghatározni, hogy milyen értelemben is használjuk az adott mértékegységet.
A következőkben megadott bitráták közelítő minimumok, amelyek egy átlagos hallgató vagy néző
számára, a hozzáférhető legjobb tömörítés használata esetén nem jelentenek érezhető különbséget.
Hangátvitel[szerkesztés]
Youtube video quality and bitrate… What kind of compression does YouTube use?
Every time we post a video on Youtube will ALWAYS recompressed. Youtube DO NOT leaves intact the
video posted.
YouTube, and a few of the other video services, also automatically deliver different video codecs to
different platforms like iOS or Windows.
Youtube recommends sending videos with high bitrates but after several tests I have verified that it does
not change the quality beyond a certain bitrate, it is more important the quality of the source of
acquisition rather than the bitrate.
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How much does Youtube compress video sent? How much the bitrate is allocated to video based on
resolutions, youtube will assign a different bitrate to each resolution, and use 2 types of CODEC (H264
and VP9)
The Youtube server will compress the submitted video and resize it in various possible resolutions, from
the highest to the lowest.
So if you send a 4K high quality video (3840×2160) youtube will compress the video with all possible
resolutions: 4K (3840×2160), 2K (2560x1440p), full HD (1920×1080), 720p (1280×720) and standard
resolution versions 576p, 480p….
From full HD 1080p to which Youtube reserves 4 mbits at 2K 1440p there is an increase in bitrate up to
9mbits, which means that YOUTUBE assigns 2K a high bitrate and therefore higher quality, when you
open a video on Youtube in the standard window, with standard size, choose 1440p instead of 1080p
will bring a much better viewing ! So if you want a quality HD video to send your videos on youtube at
least 2K at 2560×1440 resolution, the 4K is obviously even better but is very slow both in adsl upload
and on-screen display as it requires a powerful CPU and a next generation video card. 2K is the best
compromise.
YOUTUBE using these resolutions and bitrates recommend this to send video at the highest quality
Bitrates
Type
Video Bitrate
2160p (4k)
35-45 Mbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
1440p (2k)
10 Mbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
1080p
8,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
720p
5,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
480p
2,500 kbps
64 kbps
128 kbps
196 kbps
360p
1,000 kbps
64 kbps
128 kbps
196 kbps
HQ :
Type
Video Bitrate
1080p
50,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
720p
30,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
480p
15,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
360p
5,000 kbps
128 kbps
384 kbps
512 kbps
4320p: 7680×4320
2160p: 3840×2160
1440p: 2560×1440
1080p: 1920×1080
720p: 1280×720
480p: 854×480
360p: 640×360
240p: 426×240
————————————
– 720p (1280×720)
– 1440p (2560×1440) 2K
– 2160p (3840×2160) 4K
– 4320p (7680×4320) 8K
0- Youtube compresses to 4320p (8K) (7680×4320) with a bit rate 21.2 Mbps
1- Youtube compresses to 2160p (4K) (3840×2160) with a bit rate 17.3 Mbps
2- Youtube compresses to (2K) 1440p (2560×1440) with a bit rate 8.589 Mbps
0- Youtube compresses to 4320p (8K) (7680×4320) with a bit rate 78.4 Mbps
1- Youtube compresses to 2160p (4K) (3840×2160) with a bit rate 23.1 Mbps
2- Youtube compresses to (2K) 1440p (2560×1440) with a bit rate 10.4 Mbps
2K VP9 vs H264 bitrate comparison = 8.5 Mbps VP9 vs 10.4 Mbps H264
1080p VP9 vs H264 bitrate comparison = 2.5 Mbps VP9 vs 2.3 Mbps H264
720p VP9 vs H264 bitrate comparison = 1.4 Mbps VP9 vs 1.3 Mbps H264
VP9 CODEC
H264 CODEC
846MB = 5 minutes
1690MB = 10 minutes
760MB = 10 minutes
85MB = 5 minutes
170MB = 10 minutes