Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1. Introduction
HE purpose of this series of papers on the constitution of
_
CIP
_ _
CASz
Refractive
index of
glass
Liquidus
temp.
("C. f 20)*
TRlCALClUM PHOSFHATE
roo
8
I3O0
1200
11 , , I
ANORTHITE
, I , , j 1200
Table 111.
C3P
~
Quenching Runs in the System C3P-CAS2-S
Composition (wt.
CASn
Yo)
S
Refractive
index of
glass
Liquidus
temp.
("C. f 20)*
C3P CAS2 S
- indexof
glass
("C. f
2O)* Boundary
No information has been published on this system and the
discussion which follows is based on the results of the present 8 52 40 1.529 1329 CASz/S
investigation. The system was studied by the quenching 9.3' 51.3' 39.3' 1.531 1299 CASz/S
11 52 37 1.533
1.534 1306
1308 CaP/CASz
CsP/S
method. Such a study is not without difficulties, since many 12 50 38
mixtures containing more than 30% CZP do not readily form 15 55 30 1 544 1315 CJ'jCASr
true glasses, whereas many with less than 10% CSP form very 15 47.5 37 5 1.536 1372 CaP/S
stable glasses. Neither type of product is readily studied by 30 60 10 1.575 1413 CoP/CASz
the quenching method. With experience, however, i t is pos- * The over-all accuracy probably does not exceed iz5"C.. but
sible to work with such compositions. liquidus points were bracketed by runs 4°C. apart.
150 JournaI of T h e American Ceramic Society-St. Pierre Vol. 39, No. 4
I
1700
1650
1600
1550
1500
1450
1400
1350
1300
1250 -J
0 10
I
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
c
100
EUTECTIC COMPOSITION C q p q&
IWT.%)
Fig. 7. A section through the system C3P-CAS2-S between CSP and the
eutectic ( 1 1 C3P, 51 CASz, 38 S).
/
CaAl,SlzO,
v v v v v Y v dSlOZ
Fig. 6. lsofract diagram for the system tricalcium phosphate-anorthite- this system. If practical bone china compositions were modi-
silica. fied to fall within the system C3P-CAS2-S, it would be pos-
sible to make this correlation without further phase equilib-
rium studies. The small quantities of alkalis present in prac-
Data on the quenching runs are given in Table 111. tical bodies probably enter the liquid formed first during fir-
Figure 5 is a phase diagram showing that the system is a ing, and thus their effect, other than that of modifyingliquidus
simple ternary with a eutectic a t 11 C3P, 51 CASZ,38 S that temperatures, can be dismissed in preliminary calculations.
melts at 1290° + 5OC. The region of liquid immiscibility ob- It is interesting to observe that the ratio of solid to liquid
served in the system CBP-S probably extends to some extent may alter rapidly with temperature change in the region of the
into the ternary system, but its limits were not accurately de- diagram closest to practical bone china compositions. Figure
termined in this investigation. Similarly the very minor 7 is a section through the diagram from the C3P corner to the
amount of solid solution of silica in tricalcium phosphate was eutectic. All compositions lying in this section begin to melt
not determined precisely, since its existence is of little im. a t the eutectic temperature and complete their liquefaction
portance in the present study. The three phases which a t the liquidus line shown in the figure. Consider, for in-
crystallize out were described in Part I and call for no further stance, the behavior of a mixture composed of equal parts of
comment at this time. C3P and eutectic. Table I V shows the percentage of liquid
Figure 6 is an isofract diagram for glasses in the system. present in such a mixture a t various temperatures.