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Problem 9.
x1 = `1 sin θ1
z1 = −`1 cos θ1
x2 = `1 sin θ1 + `2 sin θ2
z2 = −`1 cos θ1 − `2 cos θ2
(b) Lagrangian:
L = 1
2
+ m2 )`21 θ̇12 + 21 m2 `22 θ̇22 + m2 `1 `2 cos(θ1 − θ2 ) θ̇1 θ̇2
(m1
+(m1 + m2 )g`1 cos θ1 + m2 g`2 cos θ2
Problem 10.
Cartesian coordinates:
x = (` + s) sin θ
z = −(` + s) cos θ
Lagrangian:
L = 12 m(` + s)2 θ̇2 + 12 mṡ2 + mg(` + s) cos θ − 12 ks2
Lagrange’s equations:
1
Problem 11.
x1 = ρ cos(ωt)
x2 = ρ sin(ωt)
y = Aρn
Lagrange’s equation:
vibration frequency ν: s
n−2
2πν = ω
1 + n2 A2 ρ02n−2
Problem 13.
m1 m2
s
x± = ` ± v
(m1 + m2 )k
2
Problem 15.
4π 2
T2 = a3 .
G(M + m)
Problem 17.
~
(a) Calculate dA/dt and then use Newton’s equation.
~·L
A ~ = 0,
~ · ~x = L
A ~ 2 − αµr,
~ = ~x × p~. Compare the second equation with Eq. (2.71) for the orbit.
where L